DE102019219054B3 - Water-bearing household appliance and method for operating such a water-bearing household appliance - Google Patents

Abstract

A washing machine has a treatment chamber, a water duct which leads away from the treatment chamber and which leads to the treatment chamber, a receptacle for detergent connected to the water duct with a detergent container, a filter device for filtering out fibers as microplastics from water and a with the filter device connectable receptacle for filtrate from the filter device. The receptacle for filtrate has a filtrate container, and the receptacle for detergent is firmly connected to the receptacle for filtrate in such a way that they are part of an independently manageable unit or form an independently manageable unit. The filtrate container and the detergent container are closed to the outside.

Description

Field of application and state of the art

The invention relates to a water-carrying household appliance, in particular a washing machine or a washer-dryer, and possible methods for its operation.

From the WO 2019/081014 A1 It is known to try in a washing machine to filter microfibers out of the water cycle by means of a filter device and to collect this filtrate. The filtrate with microfibers can be collected in a conventional drawer in the upper area of the washing machine, advantageously in a compartment or area therein that is open at the top. The problem here is the disposal of the filtrate, especially if it has to be done by a user in a private household.

Task and solution

The invention is based on the object of creating a water-bearing household appliance mentioned at the beginning and a method for its operation with which problems of the prior art can be solved and in particular it is possible to filter out certain particles or fibers from the water cycle and thus collect them that they can be disposed of comfortably and properly.

This object is achieved by a water-bearing household appliance with the features of claim 1 and by a method for operating such a household appliance with the features of claims 15 or 16. Advantageous and preferred embodiments of the invention are the subject of the further claims and are explained in more detail below. Some of the features are only described for the water-bearing household appliance or only for a method for its operation. However, they should be able to apply independently and independently of one another both to the water-bearing household appliance and to the process. The wording of the claims is made part of the content of the description by express reference.

It is provided that the water-bearing household appliance has the functional devices mentioned below. It has a treatment chamber in which objects located therein are cleaned. In the example of a washing machine or a washer-dryer, this is the drum together with the surrounding drum housing; in the case of a dishwasher, this is the washing chamber or the interior of the dishwasher. The household appliance has a water duct which leads away from the treatment chamber and which also leads to the treatment chamber. The water supply thus advantageously has several hoses, lines, branches and valves or the like. on. The household appliance also has a receptacle for detergent, which is connected to the water supply. In this way, the detergent can get into the water duct and thus into the treatment chamber. The receptacle for detergent has a detergent container and is arranged inside the household appliance. It can possibly also be arranged on the outside of the household appliance, in any case it is a functional component of the household appliance.

A filter device is provided to filter out particles from the water flow. These particles are in particular plastic fibers and / or microplastics. The water guided in the water duct is advantageously filtered, so that the filter device is also connected to the water duct. The household appliance has a receptacle for filtrate from the filter device which can be or is connected to the filter device. The receptacle for filtrate and the filter device can be arranged relatively close to one another, so that the filtrate only has to be transported a short distance to the receptacle. This can be a few centimeters, for example 1 cm to 5 cm. Alternatively, the distance can also be over 10 cm or over 30 cm, as shown, for example, in FIG DE 10 2019 205 919 A1 by the same applicant with the filing date of April 25, 2019.

According to the invention, the receptacle for filtrate has a filtrate container. The receptacle for detergent is firmly connected to the receptacle for filtrate in such a way that they are part of an independently manageable structural unit or that the two at least partially or largely form an independently manageable structural unit. This means that the two receptacles can be inserted into, removed from, or removed from the household appliance as a structural unit or together with the structural unit. The filtrate container and the detergent container are closed to the outside, so not, as in the case of the aforementioned drawer, in the upper area of a washing machine with open compartments or chambers into which detergent can be added.

Thus, the invention creates a water-bearing household appliance which, on the one hand, makes it possible to filter out particles or fibers from circulating water and collect them in a receptacle as filtrate in a filtrate container. Here, water can possibly be separated from the filtrate again, for example by a semi-permeable membrane or a fine filter and an outlet on the filtrate container. Furthermore, the filtrate container with a detergent container is like this connected so that they form an independent, but jointly manageable unit, so that they can advantageously be used together in the household appliance or attached to it or removed therefrom. While the detergent or cleaning agent becomes less over several operating processes, the filtrate becomes more. Removing the structural unit with the two containers after a few operating processes can therefore serve to refill detergent on the one hand and to remove the filtrate and dispose of it on the other. This enables a simpler and more efficient procedure, and the disposal of the filtrate is not so easily forgotten. There are several different options for the exact type of disposal of the filtrate and the filling up of the detergent, which are explained in more detail below.

In a first embodiment of the invention, the receptacle for detergent and the receptacle for filtrate are permanently connected to one another, in particular they are designed as a structural unit. This structural unit can, for example, be produced in one piece by plastic injection molding and / or by gluing, then advantageously also from plastic. Other options are basically additive manufacturing, with 3D printing being advantageous. This would also make it very easy to design the containers closed to the outside except for one access or one access opening each.

In another embodiment of the invention, the receptacle for detergent and the receptacle for filtrate are designed as separate components, for example as an at least partially open container. They are connected to one another to form the structural unit, and they can advantageously be detached from one another. For the connection, connecting means are provided which can be, for example, non-positive or positive. In particular, they can be selected from the group consisting of screw connections, magnetic connections, snap-in connections, bayonet connections and clamp connections. On the one hand, the two receptacles can be designed so that they can be separated from one another without tools, so that, for example, the receptacle for filtrate is manually detached from the structural unit or from the receptacle for detergent and disposed of, either directly via the residual waste or via a special disposal company. An empty or fresh receptacle for filtrate is then simply connected to it, and the structural unit can be reinserted into the household appliance. On the other hand, the entire structural unit with an empty receptacle for detergent or a full receptacle for filtrate can be given to a special disposal company or to a service company who can properly remove the filtrate from the structural unit and dispose of it and refill the detergent. The structural unit can then be delivered to a user again as a replacement for the next exchange.

The receptacle for detergent and / or the receptacle for filtrate advantageously have rigid walls. In this way, the entire structural unit is given sufficient strength for good and easy handling. The receptacles can be designed, for example, as chambers or compartments that are open at the top, so that an aforementioned filtrate container and / or an aforementioned detergent container can be easily removed therefrom. Due to a rigid design of the respective receptacle, the respective containers can also be designed as desired and possibly very simply.

In one embodiment, the receptacle for detergent can directly form the detergent container and have rigid walls, that is to say without an additional part. Additionally or alternatively, the receptacle for filtrate can directly form the filtrate container itself and have rigid walls. In the first case, the detergent in the detergent container is in direct contact with its walls. The filtrate in the filtrate container is then possibly also in direct contact with the walls of the filtrate container. Thus, detergent or filtrate can be poured directly into these possibly rigid containers and must of course also be removed from them, which could represent a certain amount of effort, especially in the case of the filtrate.

In an alternative embodiment, the receptacle for detergent contains a separate and removable detergent container, the detergent being filled directly into this detergent container and thus being in direct contact with its walls. Additionally or alternatively, the receptacle for filtrate contains a separate and removable filtrate container, the filtrate here being in direct contact with the walls of the filtrate container or being transported directly into it. Advantageously, the containers are each designed to be closed except for a closable access, wherein the filtrate can be introduced into or transported into the filtrate container through this closable access. The detergent can be filled in through this access and then removed as required for a corresponding cleaning process.

For these separate detergent containers and / or filtrate containers, on the one hand, it can be provided that they have rigid walls. They then form a kind of solid tank or cartridge. On the other hand, at least one of these containers can have at least one flexible wall, which is designed, for example, as a type of film or as a membrane. The detergent The container and / or the filtrate container can be designed to be flexible and pliable, especially if they consist entirely of flexible walls or flexible material such as, in particular, film. Then, for example, the detergent can be provided in a pouch as a detergent container, this pouch being introduced or inserted into the receptacle for detergent, optionally also via an access or the like. is connected, so to speak. Such a bag made of thin walls or film is particularly suitable for the filtrate container, so that this bag-like filtrate container as a whole is simply removed from the receptacle for filtrate of the structural unit and disposed of directly, for example via the Residual waste. The filtrate remains in it. The cost of materials for such a film-like bag is of course very much lower than for a solid container, which makes this type of disposal particularly useful and efficient. Such bags as described above are advantageously designed individually and can also be purchased by a user as a storage pack with five or ten pieces, similar to that for vacuum cleaner bags or the like. is known. It is possible that the structural unit is removed from the household appliance together with both receptacles, but under certain circumstances only the empty detergent container is filled or the full filtrate container is emptied or disposed of. Thus, the unit may have to be removed more frequently, namely when either detergent is empty or the receptacle for filtrate is full. Then, however, the respective volume of the individual containers or bags can be fully utilized as possible.

Alternatively, it is possible that the detergent container and the filtrate container are designed together as a flexible two-chamber container or two-chamber bag, possibly also as a multi-chamber container or multi-chamber bag. Different detergents or washing-active substances could then be provided and also used for a washing process. It is thus possible that such a two- or multi-chamber container or bag is arranged in the receptacle for detergent and in the receptacle for filtrate and can be removed therefrom. With a multi-chamber container or bag, the replacement process can be carried out more easily and quickly than in the case described above with individual containers or bags. The capacity of each container or bag may not be fully used, but the simplicity of the replacement process can make up for this. Furthermore, in the event that a removed structural unit is sent back to a special disposal company, it can be provided that the latter re-uses the containers or bags, in particular in the case of containers. Then it does not have such a negative effect if the filling capacity of the filtrate container has not been fully used. Any detergent left in the detergent container can also be reused. If the detergent container is intended for direct refilling, it is not a problem anyway if it is simply refilled with detergent.

For such two- or multi-chamber containers or bags, it can advantageously be provided that the receptacles for detergent and for filtrate are identical and are designed as a single common receptacle for detergent and filtrate. For example, you can form a single large chamber into which such a multi-chamber container or bag is inserted.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, a named container or a bag can have a closable access, preferably as a type of valve or opening or closure or lid. In the case of the detergent container, for example, this can be used to fill detergent and later to remove a desired amount of detergent when operating the household appliance, but at the same time to keep it closed. The corresponding receptacle for this container or this bag can then have a suitable inner connection or distributor, wherein the bag or container can be connected in a sealed manner to the said inner connection or distributor by means of this access. The receptacle can also have an external connection in order to be connected in a sealed manner to the water supply or the household appliance. The inner connection and the outer connection are advantageously connected to one another in a fluid-conducting manner, for example via an open passage channel.

The external connection can be designed on the structural unit in such a way that when the structural unit is inserted on or in the household appliance, a sealed connection with the water supply is automatically established. This is known per se from the prior art. For example, an external connection for the detergent can be arranged in the lower area of the corresponding receptacle or the structural unit, so that the detergent can flow out automatically, as it were, by gravity, if this is desired. A two- or multi-chamber container with a rotatable distributor head or which can be connected to a rotatable distributor head with its accesses is also possible. In this way, filtrate and the respective detergent can be fed through a single connection to this distributor head.

The inner connection and the outer connection advantageously have sealing means. They can be designed particularly advantageously as sealing rings be, in particular be cast or molded on sealing rings.

The structural unit can advantageously be designed to be exchangeable in such a way that it can be removed from the household appliance without tools and can also be inserted into it without tools. The structural unit can advantageously be removed directly from an outside of the household appliance, possibly forming part of the outside itself. Alternatively, the household appliance can have a flat paneling that can preferably be opened without tools. If it is open, the structural unit can then be removed from the household appliance or reinserted. It is considered to be preferred if the structural unit is arranged either higher than the treatment chamber or lower. In the first case, the introduction of detergent into the treatment chamber can be simplified, in the second case the introduction of filtrate into the receptacle for filtrate can be made easier.

In a further possible embodiment of the invention, an identification means can be arranged on the receptacle for detergent and / or on the receptacle for filtrate, alternatively on the replaceable structural unit itself. This identification means can be used to detect the identity or the design of the structural unit via a machine or a device. One possibility is optical identification, preferably by means of a barcode. Another possibility is identification by radio, for which purpose an RFID module can preferably form the identification means. Then, for example, the respective receptacle or structural unit can be tracked at an aforementioned disposal company. A precisely fitting replenishment with detergent can also easily be carried out.

The identification means can possibly even be recorded by a user himself, for example in the case of a barcode with the camera of a mobile terminal, in particular a cell phone. Corresponding data can then also be sent immediately to a specialist company or to a supplier for a new structural unit or a new container. Likewise, read-in data can be sent to a manufacturer of the household appliance, who then takes over the supply with new containers or a new structural unit. Furthermore, this data can possibly be used to optimize the operation of the household appliance. The manufacturer of the household appliance can do this for many household appliances of this type or of identical construction, which in turn can benefit all household appliances.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, a level measuring device can be provided for the detergent container and / or the filtrate container. It can each be designed to detect the respective filling level of the container. The level measuring device is advantageously connected to a controller of the household appliance, so that the controller detects the level and contains this information. The household appliance also advantageously has a display which is connected to the controller. In addition to other information, this display can then be used to indicate to a user when the detergent container is empty and / or when the filtrate container is full. Alternatively, certain predetermined fill levels can be fallen below or exceeded, so that a user can react shortly before the completely empty or completely full state. When the filtrate container is full, a user can also be given the option not to change it immediately, but rather to continue operating the household appliance, in which case no more filtrate can be collected in it.

In a further embodiment of the invention, it is possible that the level measuring device is connected directly or, alternatively, the controller to the Internet. So at least detergent can be reordered automatically, so to speak, when the corresponding detergent container is completely or soon empty. This enables a gain in comfort for the user.

In the invention, it is considered advantageous if at least the filtrate container can be removed from the structural unit in the largely closed state, so that no filtrate can escape and the environment of the household appliance can contaminate. This is particularly of great advantage if it is provided that the user himself removes the filtrate container and discards it or puts it in the residual waste. Alternatively, it can be provided that the user sends the entire structural unit to a special disposal company, which can remove and dispose of the filtrate and refill detergent. In this case, the filtrate is disposed of by the disposal company.

In a similar form, provision can be made for the detergent or several detergents or detergent substances to be topped up either by a specialist company, with the detergent container or the entire structural unit then being refilled. Alternatively, a user can do this himself by either refilling the detergent container from a larger detergent supply such as a bottle of detergent or, alternatively, by replacing a detergent container.

It can be provided that the capacity of the detergent container is sufficient for at least five or at least ten washing processes, for example up to a maximum of 30 or 40 washing processes. The capacity or the size of the filtrate container should be adapted to this so that, for example, a typical amount of filtrate from at least five or at least ten washing processes can be introduced into the filtrate container before it is full and can no longer hold anything.

Even with an aforementioned two-chamber container or two-chamber bag, which are not separated from one another, it can be provided that it is disposed of by a user himself or given to a disposal company. It should then be provided that, if possible, the filtrate container is not yet completely full when the detergent container is empty and therefore has to be replaced or the entire container or bag has to be disposed of. In this way it can be ensured that in any case the filtrate can still be collected as long as there is enough detergent available for washing processes. Bags or containers that are full or to be replaced can generally be recycled whenever possible. This should be possible in particular for the material of the bag or the container, possibly also for the filtrate contained therein.

These and other features emerge from the claims and also from the description and the drawings, the individual features being implemented individually or in combination in the form of sub-combinations in one embodiment of the invention and in other areas and being advantageous and protectable per se Can represent designs for which protection is claimed here. The subdivision of the application into individual sections and sub-headings do not limit the general validity of the statements made under these.

Figure list

• 1 eine schematische Darstellung einer Waschmaschine als erfindungsgemäßes wasserführendes Haushaltsgerät,
• 2 eine vereinfachte Darstellung einer aus der Waschmaschine entnehmbaren Schublade, die eine Baueinheit mit einem Filtrat-Behälter und einem Waschmittel-Behälter bildet, die jeweils verschlossen sind, samt schematischer Darstellung zu deren Entleerung und Wiederauffüllung,
• 3 eine Abwandlung der Ausführung aus 2 mit einem Filtrat-Behälter und einem Waschmittel-Behälter, die als Baueinheit miteinander fest und unlösbar verbunden sind und in die Filtrat und Waschmittel direkt eingefüllt werden samt schematischer Darstellung eines Austauschs dieser Baueinheit,
• 4 eine weitere Abwandlung der Ausführung aus 2 mit einer Baueinheit aus Filtrat-Behälter und Waschmittel-Behälter, die mittels lösbarer Verbindungsmittel verbunden werden können samt schematischer Darstellung eines Trennens der beiden Behälter,
• 5a eine vereinfachte Darstellung, wie ein separater voller Filtrat-Behälter von einem Benutzer direkt im Hausmüll entsorgt wird,
• 5b eine schematische Darstellung, wie ein separater voller Filtrat-Behälter von einem Benutzer zu einem Entsorgungsunternehmen geschickt wird, dort entleert wird und als leerer Filtrat-Behälter zurückgeschickt wird,
• 6a ähnlich der 5a eine Darstellung, wie ein leerer Waschmittel-Behälter von dem Benutzer direkt im Hausmüll entsorgt wird,
• 6b eine schematische Darstellung, wie ein Benutzer einen leeren Waschmittel-Behälter zu einem Waschmittelhersteller schickt, wo er aufgefüllt wird und dann wieder zu dem Benutzer zurückgeschickt wird,
• 7a eine weitere Abwandlung einer Ausführung der Erfindung ähnlich 5a und 6a mit einer unlösbar trennbaren Baueinheit aus Filtrat-Behälter und Waschmittel-Behälter, die nach Gebrauch von dem Benutzer im Hausmüll entsorgt werden,
• 7b eine Abwandlung der Darstellungen aus 5b und 6b, wie die Baueinheit aus Filtrat-Behälter und Waschmittel-Behälter von einem Benutzer an ein spezielles Fachunternehmen geschickt wird, wo das Filtrat entsorgt wird und Waschmittel wieder eingefüllt wird und dann die Baueinheit an den Benutzer zurückgesandt wird,
• 8 eine weitere Abwandlung der Darstellung aus 2 mit separatem Filtrat-Behälter und Waschmittel-Behälter als flexible Beutel, wobei rechts daneben in Anlehnung an 2 deren Entleeren bzw. Auffüllen angedeutet wird,
• 9 eine Abwandlung der Ausführung aus 8, wobei die beiden Beutel als Filtrat-Behälter und Waschmittel-Behälter als Zwei-Kammer-Beutel ausgebildet sind samt rechts daneben angedeutetem Austauschvorgang,
• 10 eine besser erkennbare Ausgestaltung eines Zwei-Kammer-Beutels entsprechend 9 mit zwei an sich separaten Beuteln, die an einer gemeinsamen Verschlussvorrichtung befestigt sind, welche mittels einer Art durchstoßbarem Einwegventil geschlossen sind, samt möglichen Einfüllstutzen und Absaugstutzen,
• 11 eine weitere Abwandlung einer Baueinheit, bei der Filtrat-Behälter und Waschmittel-Behälter unlösbar miteinander verbunden sind in zwei Volumina in einem Behälter, die durch eine Membran getrennt sind, samt Verschlussanordnung, die drehbar ist und in der hier dargestellten Stellung Waschmittel nach unten ausgeben kann, und
• 12 die Anordnung aus 11 mit gedrehter Verschlussanordnung derart, dass Filtrat in den Filtrat-Behälter eingeleitet werden kann, aber kein Waschmittel austritt.

Embodiments of the invention are shown schematically in the drawings and are explained in more detail below. Show:

• 1 a schematic representation of a washing machine as a water-bearing household appliance according to the invention,
• 2 a simplified illustration of a drawer that can be removed from the washing machine and that forms a structural unit with a filtrate container and a detergent container, each of which is closed, including a schematic illustration of their emptying and refilling,
• 3 a modification of the design 2 with a filtrate container and a detergent container, which are firmly and permanently connected to one another as a structural unit and into which the filtrate and detergent are filled directly, including a schematic representation of the replacement of this structural unit,
• 4th a further modification of the design 2 with a structural unit consisting of a filtrate container and a detergent container, which can be connected by means of releasable connecting means, including a schematic representation of the separation of the two containers,
• 5a a simplified illustration of how a separate full filtrate container is disposed of by a user directly in the household waste,
• 5b a schematic representation of how a separate full filtrate container is sent by a user to a disposal company, emptied there and sent back as an empty filtrate container,
• 6a similar to the 5a an illustration of how an empty detergent container is disposed of by the user directly in the household waste,
• 6b a schematic representation of how a user sends an empty detergent container to a detergent manufacturer, where it is refilled and then sent back to the user,
• 7a Another variation of an embodiment of the invention is similar 5a and 6a with an inseparable unit consisting of a filtrate container and a detergent container, which are disposed of by the user in the household waste after use,
• 7b a modification of the representations 5b and 6b How the assembly of the filtrate container and detergent container is sent by a user to a special specialist company, where the filtrate is disposed of and detergent is refilled and then the assembly is sent back to the user,
• 8th a further modification of the representation 2 with separate filtrate container and detergent container as a flexible bag, with the following on the right based on 2 whose emptying or filling is indicated,
• 9 a modification of the design 8th The two bags are designed as a filtrate container and a detergent container as a two-chamber bag with the replacement process indicated on the right,
• 10 a more recognizable design of a two-chamber bag accordingly 9 with two separate bags, which are attached to a common closure device, which are closed by means of a type of pierceable one-way valve, including possible filler necks and suction nozzles,
• 11 Another modification of a structural unit in which the filtrate container and detergent container are inextricably linked in two volumes in a container that are separated by a membrane, including a closure arrangement that is rotatable and can dispense detergent downwards in the position shown here , and
• 12 the arrangement 11 with the closure arrangement turned so that the filtrate can be introduced into the filtrate container, but no detergent escapes.

Detailed description of the exemplary embodiments

In the 1 is an example of an inventive water-bearing household appliance in the form of a washing machine 11 with a housing 12 shown in the usual way a drum 14th is intended for washing laundry in it. In the washing machine 11 leads a water inlet 16 into it, especially from a faucet in a building. From the washing machine 11 a sequence leads out 18th , advantageously in a sewer or sewerage system.

The top left is in the washing machine 11 a change drawer 20th shown in simplified form, which is shown in detail in the figures below. It can advantageously be arranged at the point of the drawer for adding detergent and can be removed from the washing machine by a user without tools 11 can be removed. To do this, she has a handle 21st on the left.

From the change drawer 20th goes a water pipe 22nd to the drum 14th or into this or into a drum receptacle in which the drum is arranged. The water inlet 16 ends here in the change drawer 20th , whereby incoming fresh water can only run through. Alternatively, the water inlet 16 also in the water pipe 22nd flow out. From the drum 14th or a corresponding drum holder leads to a sump outlet 23 out by means of an outlet pipe 24 in a filter device 26th leads. This filter device 26th is designed as a fine filter and in particular it serves to filter out small particles such as fiber abrasion from washed laundry, especially in the case of fibers made of plastic or so-called microfibers, i.e. microplastics, from the discharged or circulating water. The filtered water can through a water pipe 29 to a pump 31 flow. The filter device 26th can for example be designed as known from the prior art mentioned at the beginning. Furthermore, it can also be bypassed by means of valves and lines not shown here. For example, it can only be used or looped into the water cycle when laundry with synthetic or synthetic fibers is in the washing machine 11 is washed, which secrete the said small particles or fibers made of plastic as so-called microplastics. An operator input can be used for this recognition; alternatively, this can be determined by means of sensors. The filter device 26th can also be designed as a fine filter in multiple stages, that is to say have several filter means one behind the other, advantageously as a unit in a housing.

Behind the pump 31 there is a valve 33 , which can be designed as a three- or four-way valve. A straight path leads to the process 18th from the washing machine 11 . The way up leads to a return line 36 leading to a valve 38 as a three-way valve. So can the pump 31 Water straight back into the drum 14th pump. Alternatively, it can return the water through the further return line 36 to the change drawer 20th pump, for example to use detergent from this removable drawer in the water pipe 22nd and thus into the drum 14th flush in or convey.

In the lowest position of the valve 33 can the pump 31 by means of a backwash line 42 Water into a backwash inlet 27 the filter device 26th pump in. This allows the filter device 26th be backwashed or filtrate that has accumulated in it can be removed, which is very important. It can be through a filtrate line 44 towards the change drawer 20th be funded to be collected there, as explained at the beginning. The pump 31 and the valves 33 and 38 are also from the controller 46 of the washing machine 11 controlled.

In the 2 is the change drawer 20th shown enlarged. It forms a structural unit 49 and contains a detergent holder on the right 50 as a chamber containing a detergent container 53 forms. laundry detergent 55 is filled directly into it with a level 56 and is thus in contact with the walls of the detergent holder 50 or the detergent dispenser 53 . The detergent intake is at the top 50 or the detergent dispenser 53 closed. To the right is a detergent outlet, shown in simplified form 58 out, advantageously with a valve or the like. for dosage. Through this, a desired amount of detergent can be used as intended 55 can be removed and by means of the water pipe 22nd into the drum 14th be introduced.

The change drawer is on the left 20th a filtrate uptake 60 or a filtrate container 63 as a kind of shaped chamber, similar to a detergent holder on the right 50 or a detergent dispenser 53 . In the filtrate intake 60 or the filtrate container 63 is collected filtrate 65 introduced directly so that it comes into contact with their walls. For introducing the filtrate 65 a filtrate inlet is used 68 , which is shown schematically and by the otherwise closed upper wall of the closed filtrate container 63 runs. This filtrate 65 is, as previously explained, by the pump 31 via the backwash line 42 into the backwash inlet 27 the filter device 26th and thus from the filter device 26th moved out. So it is not in the filtrate container 63 generated, but only collected in it for concentrated disposal.

It can also be provided in the interchangeable drawer 20th or in the filtrate container 63 yet another additional filter to be provided as a further fine filter, shown here as an additional filter 62 at the bottom of the filtrate container 63 including outlet downwards. Compared to the filter device 26th microfibers or microplastics are supposed to be retained in the filtrate container 63 and water should be able to run off that can flow back into the water supply, for example into the water pipe 22nd . This should mainly serve to reduce the volume of the filtrate 65 to reduce, so that more microfibers or microplastics filtered out can be absorbed. It is also advantageous for subsequent disposal, in particular by an operator in the household himself, if the filtrate is less liquid or contains less water, ie is drier. This version works with an additional filter 62 in or on the filtrate container 63 so less about renewed filtering as water purification but more about further concentration or thickening of the filtrate. The additional filter should be simple, since it can possibly be disposed of or thrown away directly with the filtrate. It must be different from the filter device 26th also not be backwashable or reusable. For example, it can very simply consist of filter paper or filter fleece.

To the level 56 in the detergent dispenser 53 To be able to detect or to discover an emptiness is at the very bottom a level sensor 51 arranged. A fill level is shown in dashed lines 56 ' that the level sensor 51 would recognize and signal as "empty". This signal goes to the associated control 46 showing this as an empty detergent container 53 recognizes and possibly displays to a user. Under certain circumstances the control 46 a new full detergent container can also be ordered automatically.

To the level 66 of the filtrate container 63 There is a level sensor high up there 61 arranged. A fill level shown in dashed lines 66 ' is from the level sensor 61 recognized as "full" because then the filtrate container 63 almost completely with filtrate 65 is filled. Also the level sensor 61 for the filtrate signals this level 66 ' to the controller 46 which then either in connection with the other level of the level sensor 51 for the detergent 55 or, particularly preferably, signals to a user that the interchangeable drawer is detached from the other filling level 20th must be removed. The user can then easily check whether detergent is present by visual inspection 55 must be refilled or filtrate 65 must be disposed of. Alternatively, pressure sensors etc. can also be used for a level indicator. This disposal or refilling is shown schematically and separately for the respective containers on the right 2 shown. The filtrate 65 from the full filtrate container 63 is disposed of, so to speak, and the empty filtrate container 63 reused. A possibly provided additional filter 62 can in the filtrate container 63 remain, alternatively it can be used together with the filtrate 65 be disposed of and then a new additional filter 62 can be used.

The empty detergent dispenser is similar 53 again with detergent 55 filled up and as a full detergent container 53 reused. With the one here in 2 illustrated common structural unit 49 of detergent container 53 and filtrate container 63 , which obviously cannot be separated from one another, the process of emptying and refilling, shown on the right and described above, takes place with this common structural unit.

In the 3 a modification of the invention is shown, in which in the change drawer 120 a separate unit 149 is arranged. The assembly 149 is in a common detergent holder 150 or filtrate uptake 160 , which form a single chamber or a single space, arranged. After removing the interchangeable drawer 120 by means of the handle 121 from the washing machine, for example because of one of the level sensors 151 or 161 has responded, the unit can 149 from the exchange drawer 120 can be removed. This is in 3 shown on the right, with the detergent container here 153 is empty and the filtrate container 163 is fully filled with filtrate 165 . The two containers 153 and 163 are integrally connected to one another, advantageously manufactured in a single process, for example by plastic injection molding. By subsequently attaching or sticking lids on, the containers 153 and 163 are closed, as was explained at the beginning. Just one Detergent outlet 158 and a filtrate inlet 168 are then still to be provided. The assembly 149 has a barcode BC on the lower left. This can be recorded and used, for example, with a camera of a mobile phone, in particular to identify the structural unit 149 . Alternatively, one of the containers can also have a special shape 153 and 163 or the change drawer 120 be used for identification by means of a camera of a mobile phone.

In the 4th is in yet another embodiment of the invention, an interchangeable drawer 220 shown again with a common detergent holder 250 and filtrate uptake 260 as a single chamber. Level sensors are also used 251 and 261 intended. In the joint recording 250 / 260 is a unit 249 arranged out of a detergent container 253 and a filtrate container 263 consists. The two containers 253 and 263 are via locking means 248 together to form the unit 249 connected, but can also be shared, for example for separate disposal or emptying or filling. Then the container 253 and 263 by means of the locking means 248 be reconnected and, for example, in the change drawer 220 can be used. The advantage here is still that the structural unit 249 in one piece or in one operation from the washing machine or the removable drawer 220 can be taken. The possible separation of the two containers 253 and 263 however, it allows them to be treated separately, as will also be explained below.

The two containers 253 and 263 each have a barcode BD. This can be used as before.

In the 5a is shown as a single or separate filtrate container 63 that is full of filtrate 65 is in a household garbage can 70 is disposed of. This is the direct disposal route for a user. As shown here is the filtrate container 63 almost completely full, so it was time to change it. This level could, for example, from a level sensor 61 corresponding 2 to be displayed to the user. Alternatively, an exchange could be indicated on the basis of a time component, i.e. when the washing machine 11 has been standing for a long time and a predetermined time of x days has been exceeded. In this way, unpleasant odors can be avoided.

In the 5b To the right, a professional disposal route is shown, so to speak. The filtrate container 63 with the filtrate 65 it is in a package 71 sent to a professional waste disposal company. This can then be the full filtrate container 63 either dispose of directly, but not with household waste, but as hazardous waste or, depending on the material, e.g. the filtrate 65 burn. In simplified terms, waste disposal is shown here 73 , in which only the filtrate 65 is emptied. This can be done by rinsing the emptied filtrate container 63 connect. The clean filtrate container 63 is then back in a package 71 to a user of the washing machine 11 sent back the the filtrate container 63 the next time a full filtrate container is removed, it can simply be exchanged for this one. Alternatively, for example, bioreactors could also be used in which bacteria remove the filtrate 65 disassemble, at least until it is harmless.

In 6a Shown on the left is a user holding an empty detergent dispenser 53 disposed of by yourself, using the household waste bin 70 . Alternatively, the plastic material of the detergent container 53 if this should be thrown away because it is a disposable container, similar to in 5a the filtrate container 63 , for special disposal, for example via the Dual System Deutschland.

In the 6b To the right of this, the disposal via a professional disposal company is shown, so to speak. The empty detergent container 53 comes in one package 71 sent to a specialized service company, possibly the same as the full filtrate container 63 has been sent. The service company can return the empty detergent container 53 for example wash out and then on a detergent tank 75 again with detergent 55 fill up. The full detergent container 53 with the detergent 55 it is then in turn in a package 71 sent back to the user. This can then use the detergent container 53 the next time the interchangeable drawer is removed 220 reinstate.

In the 7a a disposal route is shown for the common structural unit 149 the 3 . Either a user can use this common structural unit 149 with filled filtrate container 163 that is full of filtrate 165 and empty detergent dispenser 153 in the household garbage can 70 give. Alternatively, according to the 7b to the right of the unit 149 in a Paket 171 sent to a special service company as previously described. There is the filtrate first 165 from the unit 149 emptied into a garbage disposal 173 up the filtrate container 163 is empty. Then it is attached to a detergent tank 175 new detergent 155 in the detergent dispenser 153 the unit 149 filled in until it is full. Then the reusable unit 149 in a Paket 171 sent back to the user. This can be the unit 149 then back in the change drawer 120 insert and the washing machine 11 is then ready for operation again.

When the filtrate container 163 and the detergent container 153 are not full and empty at the same time, but only one of the two has to be replaced, especially the filtrate container 163 be emptied, the control can 46 of the washing machine 11 In addition, based on the history of the last washing processes, decide whether and when a change makes sense. This can be displayed to an operator, who can then react or make a change. This could be done, for example, analogously to a procedure with a laser printer in which a suggestion is made to change the device. However, the operator does not necessarily have to follow this first suggestion; the washing machine can still be used for a certain period of time.

In the 8th a further modification of the invention is shown in which in a change drawer 320 no containers with solid walls are arranged. In the detergent holder 350 on the right is a detergent dispenser 353 arranged with detergent 355 in this. The detergent container 353 is provided with pliable walls, in particular it is designed as a foil bag. It gets its stability mainly from the fact that it is in the detergent holder 350 is used. laundry detergent 355 can through the detergent outlet 358 be dispensed, especially in a washing process of the washing machine 11 inside.

A similar form is on the left of the filtrate intake 360 a bag with pliable walls as a filtrate container 363 inserted, in particular it is also designed as a film bag. Via a filtrate inlet 368 is filtrate 365 has been introduced.

Right in the 8th is a filled, bag-shaped filtrate container 363 with filtrate 365 shown therein. It can either be thrown away entirely, similar to the one 5a , 6a or 7a , or be emptied. After throwing it away, it can be put through a fresh filtrate bag 363 be replaced, which is then in the filtrate intake 360 is used.

On the other hand, is the detergent container 353 empty what about the level sensor 351 can be recognized, it is from the detergent intake 350 taken. It can either also be thrown away directly by the user and disposed of, for example, in household waste or as recyclable material. Alternatively, it could be similar to the 5b and 6b sent away in a package for exchange. In any case, it will be a full detergent container again 353 with detergent 355 therein by the user in the change drawer 320 introduced and then in turn in the washing machine 11 inserted.

In the 9 is yet another embodiment of a removable drawer 420 with joint recording 450 / 460 shown for detergent and filtrate. Detergent container 453 and filtrate container 463 are again bag-like or pliable, but firmly connected to one another as a kind of two-chamber bag. The two bags are therefore attached to one another over their entire surface, for example. The unit can be removed 449 from the two containers 453 and 463 if either no detergent 455 more in the detergent dispenser 453 is or the filtrate container 463 full of filtrate 465 is. This can in turn be detected via the two level sensors 451 and 461 .

Right in 9 is shown schematically how the unit 449 with full filtrate container 463 is disposed of, for example on one of the in the 5 to 7th described manner. Another unit comes back 449 from detergent container 453 including new detergent 455 inside and associated filtrate container 463 that is still empty. This unit is put back in the interchangeable drawer 420 used.

In order to provide access to the above-described bag-like container in addition to safe handling and attachment, in 10 an example is shown. A detergent container 553 is designed as a bag, but designed separately from a filtrate container 563 as a bag. In this way, simpler containers or bags can be used.

The detergent container 553 and the filtrate container 563 are fixed and advantageously non-detachable, alternatively exchangeable if damaged, with a connecting collar 548 made of sturdy plastic. Top right on the connecting collar 548 is located as a detergent outlet 558 an opening. This is made up of two rubber lips 559 locked, as shown in the left 10 is shown. Then no detergent can accidentally run out, in addition, the exchange of air is as low as possible, which is advantageous for the quality and durability of the detergent. Into the detergent outlet 558 including rubber lip 559 can be put in the washing machine 11 used state a suction nozzle 557 are inserted, which is then sealingly and sealed connected to it. The suction nozzle 557 extends to just before the bottom of the bag-like detergent container 553 and so can essentially all of the detergent 555 remove or suction.

In a similar form is left in 10 shown as the filtrate inlet 568 by means of the two rubber lips 569 is locked. Becomes a filler neck from above 567 brought up for the filtrate, it protrudes the rubber lips 569 through and thus has access to the interior of the filtrate container 563 to pour filtrate into it.

If one of the bag-like containers 553 or 563 from the connecting collar 548 easily removed, it could either be cleaned or replaced with a new bag one at a time.

In the 11 a further representation of the invention is shown in which a structural unit 649 , which can be inserted into a previously described interchangeable drawer, is shown from the side. The assembly 649 has, so to speak, a single rigid, externally encircling container, which is essentially the detergent container 653 with detergent 655 forms therein. As a filtrate container 663 a relatively small volume is shown so that there is not much filtrate or no filtrate at all 665 has been introduced. laundry detergent 655 and filtrate 665 are through a foil or separating membrane 664 in the detergent dispenser 653 separated from each other.

On the right side there is again a connecting collar 648 provided through the bottom a detergent outlet 658 and a filtrate inlet at the top 668 leads. To the right becomes the connecting collar 648 through a seal 678 locked. This seal 678 is on a rotatable distributor head 677 intended. This can be rotated around a horizontal axis of rotation shown here by dash-dotted lines. In the in 11 The position shown is the distributor head 677 so turned that detergent 655 through the detergent outlet 658 and a corresponding channel in the distributor head 677 in the suction nozzle 657 or another line opens. In particular, the corresponding line of the water pipe 22nd the 1 correspond. It can be seen that between a lower end of a filler neck 667 for filtrate and the top of the distributor head 677 there is a certain distance.

While removing detergent 655 can be an air inlet shown here in a simplified dashed line 679 to the filtrate inlet 668 and thus into the filtrate container 663 into it, through which air can flow. Then can a detergent 655 flow out easily.

Now becomes the distributor head 677 rotated by 180 ° as shown in 12 is shown, so is the detergent outlet 658 through the seal 678 locked. So there is no other detergent 655 more in the suction nozzle 657 flow. It can be seen here that the filtrate is now 665 through the filler neck 667 , the distributor head 677 and through the corresponding opening in the seal 678 as well as the filtrate inlet 668 in the connecting collar 648 into the filtrate container 663 can be introduced. This filtrate 665 presses on the separating membrane 664 and thus on the detergent 655 in the detergent dispenser 653 . This can therefore reduce the aforementioned air inlet as ventilation or, under certain circumstances, even make it superfluous. This can also be done by turning the distributor head 677 it can be determined whether the filtrate container is filled with filtrate or detergent is removed from the detergent container. In a unit shown here 649 can either use the complex device of the connecting collar 648 and above all the distributor head 677 from the containers 653 and 663 separated so that they are either thrown away separately or at least cleaned or sent to a waste disposal company. Connection collar 668 and distributor head 677 be arranged in the interchangeable drawer to which the structural unit 649 is set sealed.

Claims (23)

Water-carrying household appliance, in particular a washing machine (11) or washer-dryer, which has: - a treatment chamber (14) for cleaning objects therein, - a water duct (22, 24, 36, 44) which leads away from the treatment chamber (14) and which leading to the treatment chamber, - a receptacle (50, 150, 250, 350, 450, 553, 653) for detergents (55, 155, 255, 355, 455, 555, 655), which is connected to the water duct (22, 24 , 36, 44), the receptacle (50) for detergent having a detergent container (53, 153, 253, 353, 453, 553, 653) and being arranged inside the household appliance (11), - a filter device ( 26) for filtering out particles, in particular fibers and / or microplastics, from water that is guided in the water duct (22, 24, 36, 44) that is connected to the water duct, - a receptacle (60, 160, 260, 360, 460, 563, 663) for filtrate (65, 165, 265, 365, 465, 665) from the filter device (26), which is connected to the filter device (26) ndbar or connected, the receptacle for filtrate having a filtrate container (63, 163, 263, 363, 463, 563, 663), characterized in that - the receptacle (50, 150, 250, 350, 450, 553 , 653) for detergents (55, 155, 255, 355, 455, 555, 655) with the receptacle (60, 160, 260, 360, 460, 563, 663) for filtrate (65, 165, 265, 365, 465 , 665) is firmly connected in such a way that they are part of an independently manageable unit (49, 149, 249, 349, 449, 549, 649), the filtrate container (63, 163, 263, 363, 463, 563, 663) and the detergent container (53, 153, 253, 353, 453, 553, 653) are closed to the outside. Household appliance after Claim 1 , characterized in that the receptacle (150, 450, 553, 653) for detergent (55, 155, 455, 555, 655) and the receptacle (60, 160, 460, 563, 663) for filtrate (65, 165, 465, 665) are permanently connected to one another, in particular as a structural unit (49, 149, 249, 449, 549, 649), this structural unit preferably being produced in one piece by plastic injection molding and / or by gluing. Household appliance after Claim 1 , characterized in that the receptacle (250, 350) for detergent (255, 355) and the receptacle (260, 360) for filtrate (265, 365) are designed as separate components, whereby they are mechanically detachable from one another to form a structural unit (249 , 349) are connected, connection means being provided for the connection, which are selected from the group: screw, magnetic connection, snap-in connection, bayonet connection, clamping. Household appliance according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the receptacle (50, 150, 250, 350, 450, 653) for detergents (55, 155, 255, 355, 455, 655) and / or the receptacle (60, 160 , 260, 360, 460, 663) for filtrate (65, 165, 265, 365, 465, 665) have rigid walls. Household appliance after Claim 4 , characterized in that the receptacle (50, 653) for detergent (55, 655) forms the detergent container (53, 653) and has rigid walls and / or that the receptacle (60, 663) for filtrate (65, 665 ) forms the filtrate container (63, 663) and has rigid walls, with detergent (55, 655) in the detergent container (53, 653) and / or filtrate (65, 665) in the filtrate container and filtrate container (63 , 663) are in direct contact with the walls of the respective container. Household appliance after Claim 4 , characterized in that the receptacle (150, 250, 350, 450, 550) for detergent (155, 255, 355, 455, 555) contains a separate removable detergent container (153, 253, 353, 453, 553) and / or that the receptacle (160, 260, 360, 460) for filtrate (165, 265, 365, 465, 565) contains a separate, removable filtrate container (163, 263, 363, 463, 563), with detergent in the detergent Container and / or filtrate in the filtrate container are in direct contact with the walls of the respective container, the containers preferably being designed to be closed apart from a closable access (559, 569). Household appliance after Claim 6 , characterized in that the detergent container (153, 253, 353) and / or that the filtrate container (163, 263, 363) have rigid walls. Household appliance after Claim 6 , characterized in that the detergent container (453, 553) and / or the filtrate container (463, 563) have at least one flexible wall, preferably in the form of a film, in particular the detergent container and / or the filtrate Container are flexible and pliable. Household appliance after Claim 8 , characterized in that the detergent container (553) and / or the filtrate container (563) are designed as flexible bags which are designed individually, the individual bags preferably being arranged in the respective receptacle and being removable therefrom. Household appliance after Claim 8 or 9 , characterized in that the detergent container (453) and the filtrate container (463) are designed together as a flexible two-chamber bag, preferably the two-chamber bag in the receptacle (450) for detergent and in the The receptacle (460) for filtrate is arranged and can be removed therefrom, the receptacle for detergent and the receptacle for filtrate being identical and designed as a single common receptacle (450, 460) for detergent (455) and filtrate (465). Household appliance according to one of the Claims 8 to 10 , characterized in that a bag (453, 463, 553, 563) has a closable access (558, 568), the corresponding receptacle for the bag having an inner connection, the bag having the access with the inner connection the receptacle can be connected in a sealed manner, the receptacle also having an external connection for the sealed connection to the water supply or the household appliance, the internal connection and the external connection being connected to one another in a fluid-conducting manner, in particular being connected to one another via an open passage channel, wherein the inner connection and the outer connection preferably have sealing means (559, 569), preferably as a sealing ring. Household appliance according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the receptacle (50, 150, 250, 350, 450, 553, 653) for detergents (55, 155, 255, 355, 455, 555, 655) and the receptacle (60 , 160, 260, 360, 460, 563, 663) for filtrate (65, 165, 265, 365, 465, 665) are arranged on or in an exchangeable unit (49, 149, 249, 449, 549, 649), wherein the replaceable structural unit is designed and arranged in the household appliance (11) in such a way that it can be removed therefrom without tools, in particular the exchangeable structural unit can be removed directly from the outside of the household appliance or is arranged behind a flat paneling that can be opened without tools for removal. Household appliance according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on the receptacle (150, 250) for detergent (155, 255) or the receptacle (160, 260) for filtrate (165, 265) or on the replaceable structural unit (149, 249 ) to Claim 12 an identification means is arranged, the identification means preferably being designed as a barcode (BC) for optical identification or as an RFID module for identification by radio. Household appliance according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that there is a level measuring device (51, 61, 151, 161, 251, 261, 351, 361, 451, 461) for the detergent container (53, 153, 253, 353, 453) ) and / or the filtrate container (63, 163, 263, 363, 463), which is designed to detect the respective fill level, the fill level measuring device being connected to a controller (46) of the household appliance (11) which is connected to a display of the household appliance in order to indicate to a user when the detergent container (53, 153, 253, 353, 453) is empty and / or filtrate container (63, 163, 263, 363, 463) is full or if the specified fill levels have fallen below or exceeded. Method for operating a household appliance (11) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fill level of the detergent container (53, 153, 253, 353, 453, 553, 653) and / or the fill level of the filtrate container (63 , 163, 263, 363, 463, 563, 663) are monitored and a user is shown as soon as the detergent level falls below a specified level or a specified filtrate level is exceeded. Method for operating a household appliance (11) according to one of the Claims 1 to 14th , characterized in that the filtrate container (63, 163, 263, 363, 463, 563, 663) and / or the detergent container (53, 153, 253, 353, 453, 553, 653) removed from the household appliance be, wherein the filtrate container is emptied or is removed for emptying, and wherein the detergent container is emptied or is removed for filling. Procedure according to Claim 16 , characterized in that when removing the filtrate container (63, 163, 263, 363, 463, 563, 663) and / or the detergent container (53, 153, 253, 353, 453, 553, 653) the respective Container is mechanically released from the structural unit (49, 149, 249, 349, 449, 549, 649), preferably after removing the entire structural unit from the household appliance (11), in particular by releasing the connecting means Claim 3 The detached container or both containers are disposed of or given to a waste disposal company. Procedure according to Claim 17 , characterized in that the container detached from the structural unit (49, 149, 249, 349, 449, 549, 649) is replaced by a filled detergent container (53, 153, 253, 353, 453, 553, 653) and / or through an empty filtrate container (63, 163, 263, 363, 463, 563, 663), then the structural unit (49, 149, 249, 349, 449, 549, 649) with a filled detergent container and / or empty filtrate container is reinserted into the household appliance (11). Procedure according to Claim 17 or 18th , characterized in that the detergent container (453) and the filtrate container (463) together as a flexible two-chamber bag Claim 10 are formed, wherein the two-chamber bag is preferably arranged in the single common receptacle (450, 460) for detergent (455) and filtrate (465) and is removed therefrom, the two-chamber bag being disposed of or to a Disposal company is given. Procedure according to Claim 15 or 16 , characterized in that to remove the filtrate container (163, 463, 663) and the detergent container (153, 453, 653), the entire structural unit (149, 449, 649) is removed from the household appliance (11) and disposed of is, preferably then a new unit with a filled detergent container and empty filtrate container is used in the household appliance. Procedure according to Claim 20 , characterized in that the structural unit (149) is cleaned for reuse, the filtrate (165) preferably being disposed of properly, in particular the detergent container (153) being filled with detergent (155). Method according to one of the Claims 15 to 21st , characterized in that a bag (453, 463, 553, 563) has a closable access (558, 568) according to Claim 11 wherein the access is closed after removal of the bag from the assembly (449, 549, 649) and wherein the access is opened for the sealed connection to the inner connection of the receptacle before a new bag is inserted into the assembly. Method according to one of the Claims 15 to 22nd , characterized in that on the receptacle (150) for detergent (155) or the receptacle (160) for filtrate (165) or on the replaceable structural unit (149) after Claim 12 a means of identification (BC) is arranged, the identification means being used after removal from the household appliance (11) for reading or scanning into a data processing device connected to the Internet or a network, these imported data being sent to a disposal company or to a manufacturer of the household appliance (11 ) or the assembly (149) or one of the containers.

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