DE102019005313A1 - Component group separation apparatus and method - Google Patents

Abstract

Device for separating constituent groups of a dust / material air flow, comprising in particular degraded blasting media and / or recyclable blasting media, in particular sandblasting waste and / or 3D printer bed dust and / or glass bead cleaning residues and / or plastic cleaning dust, comprising a separation area comprising a swirling space, whereby the dust / Material air flow is to be passed through, wherein a deceleration and / or turbulence of the dust / material air flow can be carried out in the turbulence chamber, the turbulence chamber being delimited by an at least partially surrounding sieve means, the sieve means being designed in such a way that there is a vacuum means Vacuum-driven, in particular lateral, passage of degraded blasting media, in particular constituent groups that have a specifically lower weight and / or smaller average size than in an adjacent, in particular essentially all Either circumferential, passage space is allowed, and a gravity-driven collection in a collecting space for a recyclable component group, including in particular reusable blasting media, is set up in a lower region of the swirl space.

Description

The invention relates to a device for separating constituent groups of a dust / material air flow, according to the preamble of claim 1, and a method for separating one of constituent groups of a dust / material air flow, according to the preamble of claim 11.

It is known, by means of a stationary shaking sieve, into which powder and degraded radiation media waste from 3D laser production and subsequent cleaning by a sandblaster are placed in an upper layer, in order to filter out a certain proportion of material or dispose of it separately.

This only works to a small percentage with a vibrating sieve and is also very complex.

The object of the present invention is to provide a safe and quick device for cutting which avoids the disadvantages of the prior art.

The object is achieved by a device for separating constituent groups of a dust / material air flow, including in particular degraded blasting media and / or recyclable blasting media, in particular sandblasting waste and / or 3D printer bed dust and / or glass bead cleaning residues and / or plastic cleaning dust, including a separation area, including a Swirling space, whereby the dust / material air flow is to be passed through, wherein in the swirling space braking and / or swirling of the dust / material air flow can be carried out, the swirling space being delimited by an at least partially surrounding sieve means, the sieve means being designed in such a way that there is a vacuum-driven, in particular lateral, passage of degraded blasting media, in particular component groups that have a specifically lower weight and / or smaller average size, into an adjoining, i In particular, a passage space that runs around substantially on all sides is permitted, and a gravity-driven collection in a collecting space for a recyclable component group, including in particular reusable blasting media, is set up in a lower area of the swirl space.

The invention enables a reliable and quick separation of component groups so that reuse is possible with regard to necessary recycling and an advantageous cost structure. By means of negative pressure, a mixed, contaminated air stream with dust / material air is separated through a sieve in a closed room, avoiding losses or external contamination. The device offers a passive device with a space after a feed that is enlarged so that good turbulence and separation is given. At the same time, the device is compact with short distances, which leads to considerable energy savings. It can be used advantageously with regard to 3D powder bed dusts / waste, for metal dusts or plastic dusts, sandblasting waste, blasting powder waste, plastic, diamond powder and more. For example, from a sand with about 360-420 µm dust particles can be separated off through a sieve with passage openings of about 100-200 µm, about 40% can be successfully sieved out. Standard powder and degraded radiation media waste from 3D laser production can be cleaned and most of them recycled through sieve openings of around 100-200 µm.

It is advantageous if degraded blasting agent can be guided out of the passage space by means of an air flow generated by means of a negative pressure medium, in particular through ducts, to a collecting area.

It is advantageous if reusable blasting media collected in the collecting space can be guided out as a returnable constituent group by means of a passed air flow, in particular through ducts to a collecting area, the collecting space arranged in the lower area in particular having an exit area for collected blasting media, which in particular can be closed and / or is to be opened, in particular by means of an adapted float, which is arranged in the collected blasting media.

It is advantageous if an air flow from a passage from the collection area for degraded blasting media is led back to a passage in the lower area of the swirl chamber after filtering with a filter medium, whereby reusable blasting media can be carried along in the air flow.

It is advantageous if the sieve means is arranged essentially vertically, so that constituent groups comprising particles with a higher specific density can be passed downwards and collected, in particular past the baffle plate laterally through openings provided.

It is advantageous if deflection / guide vane structures are provided in the turbulence space, in particular a baffle plate and / or circumferential, in particular perforated, rebound structures with negative pressure zones, in particular for conduction the baffle plate, in particular with a helical structure, arranged on a substantially cylindrical sieve means. Bounce and guide structures are used advantageously to focus the dust / material air flow on the baffle plate.

It is advantageous if the deflection / guide vane structure is provided in the sense of a stabilization structure with an internal structure and / or an external structure adjacent to the sieve means and / or the sieve means is equipped with an electrical grounding. Earthing can easily prevent a static charge caused by the stripping and striking particles of the dust / material air flow.

It is advantageous if the deflection / guide vane structures have adapted, pronounced means for swirling the dust / material air flow, in particular adapted to an arrangement height, guide vane-shaped, circumferential rebound paths on the deflection structures and / or folding means, in particular elastic, drivable by the air flow, in particular in is arranged in an upper region of the sieve means, in particular provided on which the deflection / guide vane structures, whereby a shaking can be exerted on the sieve means driven by the air flow. The folding means driven by the air flow enable a continuous, safe cleaning effect.

It is advantageous if the turbulence space, together with the adjoining passage space, is made larger than an inflow area, and / or the inflow area can be attached, in particular adjustable, at different angles with respect to the adjoining passage space. Due to the size ratio of the inflow area and the passage space, an advantageous reduction in the speed can be achieved, whereby an improved separation of particles in the air flow is possible, in particular through the sieve means. By means of a predetermined angle setting and / or curvature of the inflow area, the dust / material air flow can advantageously impinge on different areas of the passage space or be fed in another way, for example to an area in the curvature of the inflow area or an area directly on the sieve means, so that a cleaning effect is also achieved the impact and possibly vibration of the sieve media can take place through the dust / material air flow.

It is advantageous if several separation areas are connected in series and / or arranged next to one another in parallel. As a result, a multistage trap from large to small can be created, which can represent a wide variety of diameters.

The object is also achieved by a method for separating one of the constituent groups of a dust / material air flow, comprising in particular degraded blasting media and / or recyclable blasting media, in particular sandblasting waste and / or 3D printer bed dust / glass bead cleaning residues, in particular dust particles up to a diameter of 360 -420 µm dust particles, in particular using a device according to one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the dust / material air flow is passed through a separation area comprising a swirl space, with a deceleration and / or swirling of the dust / material air flow in the Swirling space is made, the swirling space being delimited by an at least partially surrounding sieve means, the appropriately designed sieve means being designed in such a way that there is a passage, in particular a lateral passage, which is driven under vacuum by means of a vacuum means degraded blasting media, in particular constituent groups that have a specifically lower weight and / or smaller average size, takes place in an adjoining, in particular essentially all-round, passage space, and at a lower area of the turbulence chamber, gravity-driven collection in a collecting space for a recyclable constituent group, comprising, in particular, reusable blasting media.

Further features and advantages of the invention emerge from the claims and the following description, in which exemplary embodiments of the subject matter of the invention are explained in more detail in conjunction with the drawings.

• 1a eine schematische, perspektivische Schnittdarstellung durch eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung,
• 1b eine Seitenansicht eines Ausschnitts der Vorrichtung,
• 2 eine Schnittdarstellung durch eine Vorrichtung,
• 3a eine perspektivische Außenansicht einer Vorrichtung mit Durchleitungen,
• 3b eine schematische Verlaufsdarstellung eines Staub-/Materialluftstroms durch eine Vorrichtung.

Show it:

• 1a a schematic, perspective sectional view through a device according to the invention,
• 1b a side view of a section of the device,
• 2 a sectional view through a device,
• 3a a perspective external view of a device with passages,
• 3b a schematic representation of the course of a dust / material air flow through a device.

1a shows a schematic, perspective sectional illustration through a device according to the invention 1 . The sieve structure is with relatively greatly enlarged sieve passage openings 29 shown to clarify the structure. A device is shown 1 for separating constituent groups 2 with the meaning of Particle groups of a dust / material air flow 3 , including in particular degraded blasting media 6 and / or recyclable abrasive 7th , in particular sandblasting waste, 3D printer bed dust and / or glass bead cleaning residue and / or plastic cleaning dust, comprising a separation area 4th , comprising a swirl space 5 whereby the dust / material airflow 3 is to be passed through, wherein in the swirl space 5 a deceleration and / or turbulence of the dust / material air flow 3 can be carried out, the swirl space 5 by an at least partially surrounding sieve means 8th is limited, the sieve means 8th is designed in such a way, in particular with sieve passage openings of about 100-200 μm, that there is a vacuum means 13 vacuum-driven, especially lateral, passage of degraded blasting media 7th , in particular constituent groups that have a specifically lower weight and / or smaller average size, into an adjoining, in particular essentially all-round, passage space 10 allowed, and being at a lower area 11 of the turbulence space 5 a gravity-driven collection in a collection space 12 for a traceable constituent group 14th , comprising in particular recyclable blasting media 7th , is set up, wherein from the passage space 10 degraded abrasive 6 by means of by means of a vacuum means 13 generated airflow 27 can be led out, in particular by ducts 15th , to a catchment area 16 . Earthing can simply be attached to prevent static charges.

The sieve means can furthermore be cleaned, for example, by means of a reversing air flow and / or a folding means (not shown), in particular elastic, the movement of which can be driven by the air flow, in particular in an upper area 32 of the sieve medium 8th can be arranged, in particular provided on which the deflection / guide vane structures 22nd which, driven by the air flow, causes a shaking of the screen means 8th can be exercised, whereby a continuous cleaning effect of the sieve means 8th is exercisable.

A illustrated filter grid 31 in the collecting room 12 can be used advantageously to prevent the larger solid material from running through, but can also be left out if necessary.

1b shows a side view of a section of the device 1 .

2 shows a sectional view through a device 1 , with a sieve grid shown schematically 8th , with an exemplary schematic grounding 33 to prevent static charging of the screen mesh area by the impacting particles.

3a shows a perspective external view of a device 1 with passages 15th and 18th and material group collection means, in particular collection areas 16 and 19th with exemplary vortex cyclone filters.

3b shows a schematic diagram of the course of a dust / material air flow 3 through a device 1 . In a collection area 12 heavy material, especially recyclable abrasive, collects advantageously 7th , for example sandblasting beads, which are to be regulated by means of a narrower flow, whereby the material can advantageously be introduced into a return air. By means of a vacuum medium 13 an air flow can be passed through the device, branched off into a first passage 15th , by the particular degraded blasting media 6 up to a catchment area 16 is guided, wherein the air flow can be guided further past it and the lower collecting area 12 over to take up recyclable abrasive 7th through a pass-through 18th up to a catchment area 19th is directed, in which this material is introduced through a deflection. The air flow that is in turn discharged is generated by the negative pressure medium 13 discharged.

List of reference symbols

1

Device for separating

2

Constituent group

3

Dust / material air flow

4th

Separation area

5

Swirl space

6th

degraded abrasive

7th

recyclable abrasive

8th

Sieve media

10

Passage space

11

lower area

12

Collection room

13

Vacuum means

14th

traceable constituent group

15th

Pass-through

16

Catchment area

17th

Airflow

18th

Pass-through

19th

Catchment area

20th

helical structure

21st

Inflow area

22nd

Diversion / helm structures

23

Baffle plate

24

Rebound structure

26th

Airflow

27

Airflow

28

Exit area

29

Sieve passage opening

30th

opening

31

Filter grille

32

upper area

33

Grounding

Claims (11)

Device (1) for separating constituent groups (2) of a dust / material air flow (3), comprising in particular degraded blasting media (6) and / or recyclable blasting media (7), in particular sandblasting waste and / or 3D printer bed dust and / or glass bead cleaning residues and / or plastic cleaning dust, comprising a separation area (4), comprising a swirl space (5), whereby the dust / material air flow (3) is to be passed through, where in the swirl space (5) a deceleration and / or swirling of the dust / material air flow (3) can be carried out, wherein the turbulence space (5) is delimited by an at least partially surrounding sieve means (8), wherein the screen means (8) is designed in such a way that there is a vacuum-driven, in particular lateral, passage of degraded blasting media (7), in particular component groups, which have a specifically lower weight and / or smaller average size than in an adjacent, by means of a negative pressure means (13), in particular, a passage space (10) running around essentially all sides is permitted, and wherein in a lower area (11) of the swirl chamber (5) a gravity-driven collection is set up in a collecting chamber (12) for a recyclable component group (14), including in particular reusable blasting media (7). Device according to Claim 1 , characterized in that degraded blasting media (6) can be conducted out of the passage space (10) by means of an air flow (27) generated by means of a vacuum medium (13), in particular through ducts (15), to a collecting area (16). Device according to Claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that reusable blasting media (7) collected in the collecting space (12) can be guided out as a recyclable constituent group (14) by means of an air flow (17) passed by, in particular through ducts (18) to a collecting area (19), the in which The collecting space (12) arranged in the lower area (11) has, in particular, an exit area (28) for collected blasting media, which can in particular be closed and / or opened, in particular by means of an adapted float which is arranged in the collected blasting media. Device according to Claim 1 to 3 , characterized in that an air flow (27) from a duct (15) from the collecting area (16) for degraded blasting media (6) after filtering with a filtering agent back to a duct (18) in the lower area (11) of the turbulence space (5 ), whereby reusable blasting media (7) can be carried along in the air stream (26). Device according to Claim 1 to 4th , characterized in that sieve means (8) is arranged essentially vertically, so that constituent groups comprising particles with a higher specific density are to be passed downwards and collected, in particular past the baffle plate (23) laterally through provided openings (30). Device according to Claim 1 to 5 , characterized in that deflection / guide vane structures (22) are provided in the turbulence space, in particular a baffle plate (23) and / or circumferential, in particular perforated, rebound structures (24) with negative pressure zones, in particular for directing onto the baffle plate (24), in particular with a helical structure (20) arranged on a substantially cylindrical screen means. Device according to Claim 1 to 6 , characterized in that the deflection / vane structure (22) is provided in the sense of a stabilization structure with an internal structure and / or an external structure adjacent to the sieve means (8) and / or the sieve means (8) is equipped with an electrical grounding (33) is. Device according to Claim 1 to 7th , characterized in that the deflection / guide vane structures (22) have adapted, pronounced means for swirling the dust / material air flow, in particular adapted to an arrangement height, have guide rudder-shaped, circumferential rebound paths on the deflection structures and / or folding means, in particular elastic, can be driven by the Air flow, in particular in an upper region (32) of the sieve means (8) is arranged, in particular provided on which the deflection / guide vane structures (22), thereby driven by the air flow shaking the sieve means (8) can be exerted. Device according to Claim 1 to 8th , characterized in that the turbulence space together with an adjoining passage space (10) is enlarged compared to an inflow area (21) and / or the inflow area (21) can be attached, in particular adjustable, at different angles with respect to the adjoining passage space (10). Device according to Claim 1 to 9 , characterized in that several separation areas (4) are connected in series one behind the other and / or are arranged next to one another in parallel. Method for separating one of the constituent groups (2) of a dust / material air stream (3), including in particular degraded blasting media (6) and / or recyclable blasting media (7), in particular sandblasting waste and / or 3D printer bed dust and / or glass bead cleaning residues and / or plastic cleaning dust , in particular using a device according to one of the Claims 1 to 10 , wherein the dust / material air flow (3) is passed through a separation area (4) comprising a turbulence space (5), with braking and / or turbulence of the dust / material air flow (3) being carried out in the turbulence space (5) The turbulence space (5) is limited by an at least partially surrounding sieve means (8), the appropriately designed sieve means (8) being designed in such a way that there is a through-pressure, in particular a lateral, passage of through a vacuum means (13) degraded blasting media (7), in particular constituent groups that have a specifically lower weight and / or smaller average size, takes place in an adjoining, in particular essentially all-round, passage space (10), and in a lower region (11) of the turbulence space (5) a gravity-driven collection in a collection space (12) for a recyclable constituent group (14), comprising in particular ere recyclable blasting media (7) is set up.

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