DE102019001154B4 - Splitting knife for cutting bread products - Google Patents

Abstract

Splitting knife for cutting bread rolls, characterized in that the scrapers (2; 3) cover the knife (1; 4) in such a way that the bread roll (7) with the exception of the cutting edge (6) with its entire tooth depth (21) does not have any Contact with the knife (1; 4) has that the scrapers (2; 3) form an acute angle (22) to each other, which is between 1 ° and 30 ° and form a wedge that the bread roll (7) directly behind the The cutting edge (6) presses apart with a splitting force resulting from the feed force, so that the scrapers (2; 3) consist of thin spring steel and are resiliently pretensioned and press on the knife (1; 4) with pressure from the outside and thereby the thin knife (1; 4) is guided and stored over the entire length, that the scrapers (2; 3) assume an approximately straight shape in the installed state and have an arc shape in the relaxed state, that the straight knife (1) is also stored and in the bearing (8) Mount the lever (12) on the output shaft (17) iert rectilinear or the circular knife (4) mounted directly on the output shaft (17) is circularly driven by an oscillator (11) which works according to the oscillation principle in the frequency range of up to 25,000 oscillations per minute.

Description

The invention relates to a so-called splitting knife for cutting bread products.

Conventional knives, which can be operated by hand or by means of the above-mentioned drives e.g. B. are used to cut fresh bread products (in the following always called rolls), often leave unclean cut surfaces. After the cutting edge of the knife has cut through the bun, both knife surfaces (area between the cutting edge and back, also called the blade mirror) slide over the freshly cut surface of the bun. The higher the cutting frequency, the sooner the bread crumb is rolled up. The crumb rolling up is caused by friction between the crumb and the knife surfaces. The effect of the friction is that the knife surface erases or rubs the crumb and thus tears it open, because the structure of the crumb, the fresher the roll, is still soft and sticky after baking. Tests with electrically driven, oscillating 2 mm and 0.5 mm thick knives have shown that erasing or rubbing occurred in both cases, the effect being stronger with the thicker knife. Compared to saw blades, which have set teeth to cut a saw cut freely so that the saw blade does not get jammed in the material to be sawn, bread knives do not have set teeth and cut without chip formation. Since no free cut is formed when cutting a roll, the knife blade squeezes or squeezes between the two cut surfaces when cutting. Due to the feed movement of the roll and the knife oscillating transversely to it, the sticky crumb that presses on the knife surface is erased or rubbed by the knife surface, tears open, is compacted and rolled up.

In the DE 43 30 810 A1 a slicing machine with two band knives is known, which drive the band knives continuously in one direction by rotating motors and produce the cutting movement only in one direction.

In the WO 2017/059149 A1 a knife arranged on a lever is connected to a crank mechanism, which sets the knife in an oscillating motion in the oscillation range of 4000 / min. this type of drive is similar to the drive type of a jigsaw and not an oscillating principle. The knife is guided on the drive side and is obviously so stiff that it cuts in a self-supporting manner;

the U.S. 2,065,572 A describes known cutting techniques with rotating round or circular knives. This technique is used to cut soft bread and sausage products into slices.

the DE 10 2006 059 940 A1 describes a known cutting technique of bread products by means of ultrasonic drives, which set their cutting tools in vibrations well over 25,000 / min and do not require any scrapers. This technology is used in production lines in large companies. The extremely high ultrasonic movements cause the self-supporting cutting edge, which is not supported by a scraper, to oscillate within fractions of a millimeter and obviously does not make it necessary to protect the bread crumb from the knife surface.

the DE 43 19 949 A1 is similar to that U.S. 2,065,572 A but not for cutting bread products but for skinning animals. There are special notches on the circular knife which, in conjunction with the valleys in the lid, cause the animal skin to tear free.

the DE 10 2009 011 705 A1 describes a circular knife driven by an ultrasonic transducer. The knife has special shapes and is similar to the knife of the DE 10 2006 059 940 A1 no deflectors.

The aim of the present invention is to create a knife that is as thin as possible in the cutting area and that the knife surface does not even touch the crumb of the roll. Attempts with knives that became thinner behind the cutting edge, so that the crumb did not necessarily touch the knife blade, did not show any success. A thin knife didn't work technically because it was too unstable, a thick knife created too much resistance and rolled up the crumb. From this knowledge the objective for the creation of a thin knife, which is not unstable and forms a physical separation between the knife surface and the crumb, became clear. The physical separation should consequently prevent the crumb from touching the knife surface and at the same time should safely guide or store the thin knife, which is driven on one side and is mounted at the free end, over its entire length.

Against this background, the object of the present invention is to provide an electrically driven knife that primarily prevents the creation of unclean cut surfaces by rolling up (erasing, rubbing) the crumb of rolls, especially fresh rolls. Another advantage is that the splitting force reduces the cutting work of the knife by tearing open the two halves of the bun.

The object becomes inventive by the features of claim 1 and in particular by this solved that on the oscillating knife surface, starting directly behind the teeth of the cutting edge, rest immovable scrapers, which cover the entire knife surface towards the bread roll. These scrapers, which literally take the knife in the pliers, guide and store the knife, which is only supported at its ends (drive side and free side), over its entire length so that it can be very thin and still does not flutter. The teeth of the thin knife are not set and the flanks of the pointed teeth are sharp, similar to a razor blade, ground. The scrapers cover both knife mirrors (above and below) so that the bread roll can be cut with little resistance and does not come into contact with the knife mirrors. It is no longer possible to erase or rub the crumb with the knife.
Another advantageous effect is that the lower and upper scraper form a wedge to one another, which pushes the bread apart directly behind the cutting edge with a splitting force resulting from the feed force. Dividing the bun becomes easier because the cutting turns into a slit. It is also advantageous that the bun, which presses on the scraper with the splitting force, is guided in the feed direction and is not moved back and forth by the cutting force. The preferred tooth shape acts on both sides and is not set with a pointed but also blunt tooth tip, whereby a conventional serrated edge can also be used. The knife, but especially the circular knife, can also have fine teeth similar to saw blades in hand saws for steel in order to minimize the risk of injury.

The splitting knife is driven electromechanically. An oscillator, which generates angular movements of 0.1-3 °, sets the circular knife of a splitting knife directly and a straight knife of a splitting knife indirectly according to the oscillation principle up to 25,000 times per minute. An electromagnet or an eccentric drive causes the splitting knife to vibrate up to 3000 times per minute. The splitting knife primarily forms a machine with the oscillator as a table-top device or hand-held device, with which bread products can be cut. The magnetic and centrifugal drive can also be used.

Essentially, the movable knife and the fixed upper and lower scrapers form the so-called splitting knife. Two types of splitting knives differ in that the cutting edge is straight or circular (also curved). The straight cutting edge works linearly in principle, the circular one works in principle oscillating circular in the range of a few degrees of angle. The in 10 The illustrated dividing process of a bread roll shows the bread roll which is pushed here against the linearly operating knife with the feed force. At the start of the sub-process, the lower and upper halves of the bun slide down and up on the non-moving scraper and literally tear the bun apart. The cutting work is supported by the splitting force resulting from the feed force minus the cutting force. The bun is partly slit and partly cut. The bottom is lowered directly below the cutting line so that the lower half of the roll rises above the bottom without resistance 16 can slide. It is advantageous if the bottom is perforated so that crumbs fall into a collecting container below. 1 - 4th show linear drive types of a table-top device, where 3 shows a slight circular arc movement, which is almost completely canceled by a joint and is always referred to as a straight-line movement. 11 shows a hand-held device with oscillating drives. 5 shows the circularly oscillating type of drive, where the splitting knife essentially consists of a circular knife, two circular scrapers and a drive column. In this case, it is not possible to push the cut roll halves through because of the centrally arranged drive column. 6th and 7th show the wipers when they are not installed and consequently not tensioned. It becomes clear that the wipers, which are made of thin spring steel (eg 0.3mm), have a relaxed arch shape. 8th shows the scraper mounted in a non-original form and makes it clear that the tips of the scraper must rest resiliently on the beginning of the knife surface, directly behind the teeth that act on both sides. Next shows 8th a thin knife (e.g. 0.4mm) with the scrapers, which have a razor-sharp bevel on the outside so that the roll halves can slide onto the scraper without resistance. 9 shows a knife which has two different thicknesses. The area of the cutting edge is, for example, 1.5mm, the rest of the knife is 0.4mm thick. There may be advantages here for special applications, so that the tip of the scraper does not need a bevel and that another type of teeth, for example the serrated edge, can be used. 10 shows the cutting process in section, with the acute angle that the scrapers form to one another being shown exaggerated. The arrows also show the direction of force of the advance and the splitting force of the roll. The base is height-adjustable for different cutting thicknesses and is made of perforated sheet metal so that the crumbs can fall through. 11 shows a hand-held device in contrast to the table-top devices described so far. All three types of drive mentioned can be used here. A major difference to the table-top devices is that the carrier not only attaches the scrapers, but also carries the slide bearing for the free end of the knife.

• 1 zeigt eine Ausführungsform des Spaltmessers schematisch in der Draufsicht mit einer möglichen Antriebsart als Tischgerät,
• 2 zeigt die Ausführungsform des Spaltmessers schematisch in der Draufsicht mit einer weiteren möglichen Antriebsart als Tischgerät,
• 3 zeigt die Ausführungsform des Spaltmessers schematisch in der Draufsicht mit einer hierfür primär bevorzugten Antriebsart als Tischgerät,
• 4 zeigt die Ausführungsform des Spaltmessers gemäß 3 in Seitenansicht,
• 5 zeigt eine andere Ausführungsform mit der bevorzugten Antriebsart schematisch in der Seitenansicht als Tischgerät,
• 6 zeigt die Form der Abstreifer für gerade Messer in entspanntem, nicht eingebautem Zustand,
• 7 zeigt die Form der Kreisabstreifer in entspanntem, nicht eingebautem Zustand,
• 8 zeigt das Prinzip des Spaltmessers mit einem glatten Messer mit rechteckigen Querschnitt,
• 9 zeigt das Prinzip des Spaltmessers mit einem gekröpften Messer,
• 10 zeigt eine Disposition in Seitenansicht des Spaltmessers beim Schneiden eines Brötchens, wobei hier der Winkel 22 zur Verdeutlichung extrem gezeigt wird,
• 11 zeigt schematisch eine Ausführungsform als Handgerät

The objects, features, features and advantages of the present invention are set out in US Pat the following, non-restricted description of specific exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawing figures.

• 1 shows an embodiment of the splitting knife schematically in plan view with a possible type of drive as a table-top device,
• 2 shows the embodiment of the splitting knife schematically in plan view with a further possible type of drive as a table-top device,
• 3 shows the embodiment of the splitting knife schematically in plan view with a primarily preferred type of drive as a table-top device,
• 4th shows the embodiment of the splitting knife according to 3 in side view,
• 5 shows another embodiment with the preferred type of drive schematically in a side view as a tabletop device,
• 6th shows the shape of the scraper for straight knives in a relaxed, not installed state,
• 7th shows the shape of the circular wiper in a relaxed, not installed state,
• 8th shows the principle of the splitting knife with a smooth knife with a rectangular cross-section,
• 9 shows the principle of the splitting knife with a cranked knife,
• 10 shows a disposition in side view of the splitting knife when cutting a roll, here the angle 22nd is shown extremely for clarity,
• 11 shows schematically an embodiment as a hand-held device

In 1 becomes the splitting knife that comes out of the knife 1 , the scrapers 2 and the wearer 5 exists, with a possible eccentric drive 10 shown. The eccentric drive 10 converts the rotary movements of its motor into a linear movement. The eccentric drive 10 drives the knife 1 which is at the free end in the warehouse 8th is performed, such as a jigsaw. Without further guidance, the knife would be particularly long and thin 1 , e.g. 0.5mm thick, flutter or twist when cutting a bread roll and do not guarantee reliable function. To make the function safe, the knife 1 except for the front area of the cutting edge 6th over its entire length by an upper and lower scraper 2 guided. The scrapers 2 consist of thin spring plate, e.g. 0.3 mm, are fixed to a carrier at one end 5 connected and take the knife 1 right behind the cutting edge 6th literally springy in the pliers. The knife 1 is thus to the camp 8th The scraper also slides through the formed pliers 2 stored. The scrapers 2 are firmly on the carrier 5 eg glued or welded so that both parts are secured by the support 2 on the bulk of the case, unlike knife 1 , are immobile.

2 the splitting knife comes with a magnetic drive 9 shown. The structure as well as the function is identical to the in 1 shown eccentric drive 10 same.

3 shows the splitting knife in principle as in 1 and 2 but described with the drive preferred here. In contrast to the two drives 9 and 10 that directly generate linear movements is an oscillator here 11 shown of its output shaft 17th offset in angular movements of approx. 2 x 2.5 °. In order to convert this oscillating circular movement into linear movements, the output shaft is used 17th a lever 12th attached, which is also just the angular movement of the oscillator 11 describes, but at the free end of the lever 12th describes a considerably larger circular motion. Due to the larger circular movement of the free end of the lever 12th becomes the movement of the knife 1 which has a joint 13th with the lever 12th connected can be viewed as relatively linear. The oscillating circular movement on the output shaft increases in accordance with the length of the lever 17th from fractions of a millimeter to, for example, 2 x 2.5 mm at the joint 13th . With a knife 1 With a tooth width of 2 mm, the bread roll is cut cleanly over the entire cutting width.

4th shows the side view of 3 . This is where all the essential components of the splitting knife are combined with the oscillator 11 shown. In principle, the function of the splitting knife is the same with all three types of drive mentioned. The drive, in this case the oscillator 11 via lever 12th and joint 13th , moves the knife 1 linear e.g. 2 x 2.5 mm according to the double arrow (see knife 1 3 ) in the immobile scraper 2 back and forth. On the carrier 5 are the scrapers 2 firmly connected. At the connection carrier 5 with scraper 2 are the scrapers 2 , which originally did not have a straight shape, have just been glued to each other almost resiliently (shown here straight). For mounting the scrapers 2 with carrier 5 on the knife 1 these are pressed apart at the front against the spring force and pushed over the knife so that they then hit the knife 1 literally gripping the pincers.

5 shows the drive type oscillator 11 with its drive shaft 17th . Here are the angular movements of the oscillator 11 not like in 4th shown converted into relatively straight movements, but enlarge the circular movement of the drive shaft 17th from fractions of a millimeter to, for example, 2 x 2 mm at the cutting edge 6th of the circular knife 4th . Here you can find circular scrapers 3 Application that in principle is exactly like the straight scraper 2 the end 1 - 4th , pretensioned and thus with light pressure on the outside of the circular knife 4th right behind the cutting edge 6th to press. The circular knife 4th moves with its angular movement of approx. 2 x 2.5 ° the cutting edge on the circumference z. B. 2 x 2mm while the circular scraper 3 stand still.

6th shows scraper 2 for knives 1 unclamped in the manufacturing state. The scrapers 2 consist of bent, thin spring steel sheet, which then assume an almost straight shape when installed.

7th shows circular scraper 3 for circular knives 4th unclamped in the manufacturing state. The circular scraper 3 consist of thin spring steel sheet, which then assume an almost straight shape when installed.

8th and 9 show two possible shapes of the knife 1 and shows, enlarged, the central function of the invention. In 8th the knife is smooth and very thin, for example with a thickness of 0.5 mm. The scrapers pressed onto the knife 2 (Arrows indicate the contact pressure) in a thickness of 0.3 mm, for example, have chamfers at the free end 18th on that a smooth transition of the bun 7th on the scrapers 2 guarantee. 9 shows a cranked knife that has, for example, a 1.5 mm thick cutting edge but is otherwise only 0.5 mm thick. With the constellation of this knife shape with the scrapers 2 is the thicker edge 6th disadvantageous when cutting, but has the tips, in this case blunt tips of the scraper 2 or circular scraper 3 , securely hidden in the shadow of the offset so that the bun cannot hit it.

10 shows a bun 7th , which is caused by the feed force 14th against the edge 6th and the two halves of the bread roll that are beginning on the scraper 2 be pushed. Next shows the 10 that the cleavage force 15th the cutting process of the cutting edge 6th in the bun 7th influenced by the tearing. Next shows 10 that only the cutting edge 6th Touching the bun 7th has and the scraper 2 otherwise prevent the knife 1 the bread roll with his knife-edge 7th and thus also the crumb of the bun 7th touched. A slide, not shown here, which controls the feed force by the operator's hand 14th on the bun 7th prevents the hand from injuring itself.

11 does not show table-top devices like the previous figures, but a hand-held device 20th , which oscillating straight movements on the knife 1 conducts, which also through the scraper 2 is covered. The difference to the table-top units is that here the carrier warehouse 19th is not firmly anchored on both sides, but only in the drive housing and at its free end, which is then angled by 90 °, the bearing 8th for the free end of the knife 1 wearing.

List of reference symbols

1.

knife

2.

Scraper

3.

Circular scraper

4th

Circular knife

5.

carrier

6th

Cutting edge

7th

bun

8th.

camp

9.

Magnetic drive

10.

Eccentric drive

11.

oscillator

12th

lever

13th

joint

14th

Feed force

15th

Splitting power

16.

floor

17th

Output shaft

18th

chamfer

19th

Carrier warehouse

20th

Manual drive

21.

Tooth depth

22nd

angle

Claims (10)

Splitting knife for cutting bread rolls, characterized in that the scrapers (2; 3) cover the knife (1; 4) in such a way that the bread roll (7) with the exception of the cutting edge (6) with its entire tooth depth (21) does not have any Contact with the knife (1; 4) has that the scrapers (2; 3) form an acute angle (22) to each other, which is between 1 ° and 30 ° and form a wedge that the bread roll (7) directly behind the The cutting edge (6) presses apart with a splitting force resulting from the feed force, so that the scrapers (2; 3) consist of thin spring steel and are resiliently pretensioned and press on the knife (1; 4) with pressure from the outside and thereby the thin knife (1; 4) is guided and supported over the entire length so that the scrapers (2; 3) assume an approximately straight shape in the installed state and have an arc shape in the relaxed state, that the straight knife (1) additionally stored in the bearing (8) and mounted on the output shaft (17) by means of a lever (12) straight or the circular knife (4) mounted directly on the output shaft (17) circularly by an oscillator (11), which after the oscillation principle works in the frequency range of up to 25,000 oscillations per minute. Splitting knife for cutting bread rolls Claim 1 , characterized in that a magnetic drive (9) or an eccentric drive (10) with up to 3000 vibrations per minute can drive the straight knife (1). Splitting knife for cutting bread rolls according to the previous claims, characterized in that all combinations of straight knives (1) and circular knives (4) with drives (9; 10; 11) can be designed as a table-top device but also as a hand-held device. Splitting knife for cutting bread rolls Claim 1 , characterized in that the scrapers (2) are firmly connected to the carrier (5) or carrier bearing (19) glued, spot-welded or riveted. Splitting knife for cutting bread rolls Claim 4 , characterized in that, in contrast to the carrier (5), the carrier bearing (19) carries the scraper (2) and additionally the bearing (8) for the straight knife (1) in hand-held devices. Splitting knife for cutting bread rolls Claim 1 , characterized in that the lower circular wiper (3) rests immovably on the housing, that the circular knife (4) attached to the output shaft (17) of the oscillator (11) presses on the lower circular wiper (3) and that the upper circular wiper ( 3) firmly attached to the housing, presses on the circular knife (4) so that the tips of the circular scraper (3) literally take the circular knife (4) in the pliers. Splitting knife for cutting bread rolls Claim 1 , characterized in that the knife (1) as thin as possible, preferably 0.5 mm, has a rectangular cross-section, but also cranked and preferably 2 mm in the area of the cutting edge (6) and preferably 0 in the remaining area of the knife (1), Can be 5 mm. Splitting knife for cutting bread rolls Claim 1 , characterized in that the scrapers (2; 3) are thin, preferably 0.3 mm, and after mounting the scrapers (2) on the carrier (5) or carrier bearing (19), the two free ends of the scraper (2) with their bevels (18) take the knife (1) resiliently in the pliers and clamp it in such a way that the scrapers (2) additionally guide or support the knife (1) over the entire width of the scraper (2) and thus prevent the thin Prevent knife. Splitting knife for cutting bread rolls Claim 1 , characterized in that the cutting edge (6) has non-set teeth that cut on both sides, the tooth flanks of which can be ground to a razor-sharp edge and that the tooth tips (tooth tips) can be pointed, but also preferably 3 mm wide, and can also be ground razor-sharp, but that any other type of cutting edge, such as preferably a serrated edge, relatively blunt teeth such as on steel saw blades or a cutting edge without toothing, can also be used. Splitting knife for cutting bread rolls Claim 1 , characterized in that the base (16) is adjustable in height for adjusting the bread roll thickness and has holes covering the entire area so that cutting crumbs can be collected below the base (16).

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