DE102018222408A1 - Electronic door locking system and motor vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an electronic door locking system (1) of a motor vehicle (50), comprising at least one control unit (2-x), which is designed at least to control a mechanical locking and unlocking (54, 56) of at least one motor vehicle door, the at least one Control device (2-x) has an additional electrical voltage input (6), wherein an electrical connection in the at least one control device (2-x) is designed such that the additional electrical voltage input (6) is used to supply energy exclusively to those components of the at least one Control device (2-x) is possible, which are necessary for controlling the mechanical locking and unlocking (54, 56) of the at least one motor vehicle door. The invention further relates to a motor vehicle (50) with an electronic door locking system (1).

Description

The invention relates to an electronic door locking system and a motor vehicle with an electronic door locking system.

In motor vehicles, the doors are often equipped with a central locking system, and the locks on the doors can be remotely operated by means of an electronic key using infrared or HF radiation to increase comfort. The motor vehicle door is usually provided with an additional mechanical lock, which can be actuated by means of an associated mechanical key if the electronic key fails. This failure can be caused both by an empty on-board electrical system battery and by an empty battery within the electronic key. The on-board electrical system battery can serve to supply a door control device with a receiving device for the transmission signal of the electronic key, in order to subsequently activate the central locking. The additional battery inside the electronic key is used to transmit the transmission power of the key. If one of these batteries fails in the known systems, the motor vehicle door must be actuated with the additional mechanical key.

To increase the protection against theft, electronic means are increasingly being used in motor vehicles, which for example also include electronic locking systems for the doors and the ignition key system. For example, from the DE 34 36 761 A1 a locking system for a motor vehicle is known, which comprises an electronic operating key with an associated ignition lock system, wherein coded operating signals are exchanged. This operating key can be used at the same time for opening the motor vehicle doors and for starting up the motor vehicle. Here too, the operating key requires its own energy source to function, which is exhausted after a certain period of use, so that an additional mechanical key is required to at least open the motor vehicle doors.

If a mechanical key is no longer used, for example in the case of a smartphone being used exclusively as an electronic key, a digital key being transmitted as a closing signal to the door locking system of the motor vehicle via Near Field Communication (NFC) and the door locking system then, after checking the digital key, the motor vehicle doors are locked or unlocked, the motor vehicle can no longer be easily opened when the on-board electrical system battery is discharged or defective.

To solve the technical problem of ensuring access to the motor vehicle when the on-board electrical system battery is discharged without a mechanical key, the patent discloses DE 44 04 501 A1 that emergency operation can be set up, in particular if the on-board electrical system battery of the motor vehicle fails, in that, according to a first proposal, an external socket is attached outside the vehicle, via which the on-board electrical system can be easily supplied with energy from the outside, so that the electronic door control unit for actuating the Central locking can be started. As a result, even if the on-board battery fails completely, the door locking system can be actuated at least, so that the motor vehicle doors including the bonnet or trunk lid can be actuated. These measures completely eliminate the need for an additional mechanical lock, so that simple, conventional electronic keys can be used.

In an alternative embodiment, the motor vehicle electronics have a voltage monitoring system which, in the event of a defective on-board battery, switches over to an emergency battery arranged inside the motor vehicle in order to supply the energy required for actuating the door control unit and in particular the central locking.

From the DE 10 2015 213 984 A1 A method for providing electrical energy for a locking control of a door device is known, electrical energy being generated from a movement of a door actuating element, the electrical energy being stored in an energy store and then being fed to the locking control.

From the DE 100 49 321 A1 A device for external power supply in a motor vehicle for the power supply of electrical consumers is known, which are connected internally to a power store of a motor vehicle electrical system, an inductive receiving device being arranged in the motor vehicle, which is connected to at least one consumer in the motor vehicle and into which external inductive electrical current can be coupled. The receiving device is preferably connected to the control unit of an electronic vehicle access authorization system.

From the DE 10 2014 006 944 A1 the use of an electrical capacitor device is also known, with which selected electrical consumers can be briefly supplied with electrical energy if an electrical connection to the on-board electrical system battery of the motor vehicle has been disconnected due to an emergency.

The invention is based on the object of improving an electronic door locking system and a motor vehicle with an electronic door locking system.

The object is achieved by an electronic door locking system with the features of claim 1 and a motor vehicle with the features of claim 5. Advantageous embodiments of the invention result from the subclaims.

In particular, an electronic door locking system of a motor vehicle is created, comprising at least one control device which is designed at least to control a mechanical, in particular electromechanical, locking and unlocking of at least one motor vehicle door, the at least one control device having an additional electrical voltage input, an electrical connection in the at least one control device is designed in such a way that the additional electrical voltage input enables energy to be supplied exclusively to those components of the at least one control device which are necessary for controlling the mechanical locking and unlocking of the at least one motor vehicle door.

Furthermore, a motor vehicle is created, comprising such an electronic door locking system.

In normal operation, all control units are supplied via a regular voltage input. Due to the additional voltage input provided according to the invention, in an emergency, that is to say in particular in the case of a discharged or defective on-board electrical system battery, a selective energy supply is only possible for the components of the at least one control device necessary for locking and unlocking the at least one motor vehicle door. However, other components in the at least one control device are not supplied via the additional voltage input. Since the control devices in motor vehicles generally control several functions simultaneously (e.g. for the door control device, both the locking and unlocking of the motor vehicle door and an electric window lifter, etc.), the power requirement can be significantly reduced by limiting the scope of functions of the at least one control device. As a result, the requirements for a voltage or energy supply to be provided in an emergency can be reduced, regardless of how it is specifically provided.

A control unit is in particular an on-board network control unit (Body Control Module, BMC). The on-board electrical system control device in particular comprises a computing device and a bus interface for communicating via a bus system of the motor vehicle. The computing device can be designed as a combination of hardware and software, for example as program code, which is executed on a microcontroller or microprocessor.

The invention is not limited with regard to the way in which the electrical energy supply is provided via the additional electrical voltage input in an emergency, that is to say when the on-board electrical system battery is discharged or defective. For example, an emergency battery or a storage capacitor can be provided for emergencies. In an emergency, it can also be provided to provide electrical energy from the outside by means of an external voltage source. Provision can be made to switch to an emergency supply when the voltage of the on-board electrical system battery falls below a threshold voltage.

The mechanical locking and unlocking is designed in particular as an electromechanical door lock which, depending on a locking signal output by the at least one control unit, effects a mechanical locking or unlocking of the respective motor vehicle door.

In particular, it is provided that a control unit is a central electrical system of the motor vehicle and a further control unit is a door control unit of at least one motor vehicle door, the central electrical system and the door control unit being able to communicate with one another via a communication network of the motor vehicle.

In one embodiment, the electronic door locking system comprises a receiving device for receiving transmission signals of an electronic key. Furthermore, the electronic door locking system can additionally or alternatively have an NFC reader for receiving a digital key, for example from a smartphone.

In one embodiment it is provided that the interconnection of the at least one control device has an electrical decoupling with which the additional electrical voltage input is electrically decoupled or decoupled from the remaining components of the at least one control device, at least when the necessary components are supplied exclusively with electrical power via the additional electrical voltage input can be. Decoupling should mean that a current or power flow from the additional voltage input to the remaining components of the at least one control device is not possible. The circuit can be used for electrical decoupling For example, have at least one diode and / or at least one semiconductor switch with which a current or power flow can be blocked or controlled.

In a further embodiment it is provided that only the at least one control unit for controlling an electromechanical locking and unlocking of the driver's door of the motor vehicle has an additional electrical voltage input. As a result, the power requirement in an emergency can be reduced further, since only the components of the at least one control device required to unlock the driver's door are supplied with electrical energy.

In one embodiment it is provided that the electronic door locking system has at least one contact element that is accessible from outside the motor vehicle and that is or can be connected at least temporarily to the additional electrical voltage input of the at least one control device. In this way, electrical energy can be provided from the outside by means of an external voltage source. Since less power has to be provided overall with the described electronic door locking system, an external voltage source can be dimensioned smaller.

In one embodiment of the motor vehicle, it is provided that an on-board electrical system of the motor vehicle comprises an additional and separate electrical line for supplying voltage to the additional electrical voltage input of the at least one control device. For this purpose, for example, a corresponding clamp can be provided, which is provided exclusively for an emergency energy supply for the door locking system.

In a further embodiment of the motor vehicle, it is provided that the additional separate electrical line is designed and / or arranged in the motor vehicle in such a way that it is protected from destruction in the event of an accident. In particular, the additional separate electrical line can be encapsulated, for example with the aid of a mechanically particularly stable and / or tear-resistant sheathing. Alternatively or additionally, the additional electrical line can also be installed in accident-proof vehicle areas.

In one embodiment of the motor vehicle, it is further provided that at least one further electrical vehicle electrical system consumer in the motor vehicle is connected to the additional separate electrical line. As a result, the other electrical vehicle electrical system consumers can be supplied via this line in an emergency. The further electrical vehicle electrical system consumer can be, for example, a parking brake, which can then also be released in an emergency, for example for easier removal of the motor vehicle.

In a further embodiment of the motor vehicle, it is provided that a communication network of the motor vehicle is designed in such a way that it can be operated with a restricted range of functions, in which case only the components of the motor vehicle that are necessary for controlling the mechanical locking and unlocking of the at least one motor vehicle door can communicate with each other at least one control unit. As a result, an electrical power required for communication can be reduced to a minimum. The restricted range of functions is always activated in an emergency, for example.

• 1 eine schematische Darstellung einer Ausführungsform des elektronischen Türschließsystems eines Kraftfahrzeugs;
• 2 eine schematische Darstellung einer weiteren Ausführungsform des elektronischen Türschließsystems eines Kraftfahrzeugs.

The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of preferred exemplary embodiments with reference to the figures. Here show:

• 1 a schematic representation of an embodiment of the electronic door locking system of a motor vehicle;
• 2nd a schematic representation of a further embodiment of the electronic door locking system of a motor vehicle.

In 1 is a schematic representation of an embodiment of the electronic door locking system 1 a motor vehicle 50 shown. The electronic door locking system 1 comprises three control units 2-x . The control units 2-x are a central electrical control unit 2-1 , a door control unit 2-2 a driver's door and a door control unit 2-3 a passenger door.

The control units 2-x are over a clamp 10 with a vehicle electrical system 50 connected and are supplied with electrical energy via this. The control units 2-x all include a computing device 3rd and a bus interface 4th with which, for example, via a Car Area Network (CAN) bus 60 trained communication network 61 of the motor vehicle 50 can be communicated. The central control unit 2-1 further comprises a receiving device 5 for receiving transmission signals of an electronic key 20 . Depending on one of the electronic keys 20 sent and from the receiving device 5 received locking signal is controlled locking and unlocking.

The central electrical control unit 2-1 controls a headlight cleaning system 51 and a wash pump 52 of the motor vehicle 50 on. The door control unit 2-2 the driver's door controls left-hand power windows 53 of the motor vehicle 50 and mechanical locking and unlocking 54 the driver's door of the motor vehicle 50 on. The Door control unit 2-3 the passenger door controls right-hand electric windows 55 of the motor vehicle 50 and mechanical locking and unlocking 56 the passenger door of the motor vehicle 50 on.

The control units 2-x have an additional electrical voltage input 6 on for in the motor vehicle 50 for example an additional and separate electrical line 11 in the form of an additional clamp 12th in the motor vehicle 50 is provided. The electrical connection in the control units 2-x is designed such that the additional electrical voltage input 6 an energy supply exclusively for those components of the control units 2-x is possible for controlling the mechanical locking and unlocking 54 , 56 the driver's door and the passenger's door of the motor vehicle 50 are necessary. The remaining components 7 to control the headlight cleaning system 51 and the wash pump 52 in the central electric control unit 2-1 , the remaining components 7 to control the electric windows on the left 53 in the door control unit 2-2 the driver's door and the other components 6 to control the right-hand power window 55 in the door control unit 2-3 The passenger door can be connected via the additional voltage input 6 however, are not supplied.

A current or power flow from the additional electrical voltage input 6 to the remaining components 7 of the control units 2-x prevent the control units 2-x appropriately polarized diodes as electrical decoupling 8th on, which limits a current and power flow to the corresponding components. As an alternative or in addition to the diodes, semiconductor switches can also be used.

In normal operation, i.e. when the on-board electrical system battery is fully functional and charged, both terminals are 10 , 12th provided. In an emergency, that is, if an on-board electrical system battery of the motor vehicle is discharged or defective, the additional electrical voltage input can be used 6 on the other hand, a selective energy supply is provided which enables the motor vehicle doors to be unlocked. The energy supply in an emergency can take place, for example, via an emergency battery, an external power supply or in some other way.

If an external power supply can be provided, it can be provided that the electronic door locking system 1 at least one from outside the motor vehicle 50 Accessible contact element (not shown), which at least at times with the additional electrical voltage input 6 of the control units 2-x , for example via the additional clamp 12th , is electrically connected or can be connected.

Since in an emergency, that is, when an on-board electrical system battery of the motor vehicle is discharged or defective, only those for controlling the locking and unlocking 54 , 56 the components necessary for the motor vehicle doors via the additional electrical voltage input 6 or the additional electrical line 11 can be operated, the power requirement can be reduced to a minimum, so that in particular unlocking the driver's door or the passenger door is improved possible.

It can be provided that a further electrical vehicle electrical system consumer 9 also via the additional electrical line 11 or the additional clamp 12th is supplied. This can be, for example, an NFC reader for receiving a locking signal sent by a smartphone, which has only one bus interface 4th and an NFC module 13 includes. The bus interface 4th and the NFC module 13 are used only when locking and unlocking the motor vehicle doors. Remaining components 7 like the other control units 2-x includes the other electrical on-board electrical system consumers 9 however not. Since in normal operation also the additional separate electrical line 11 or the additional clamp 12th is supplied by the vehicle electrical system, the other electrical vehicle electrical system consumer 9 easily from the additional electrical wire 11 or the additional clamp 12th be supplied. In the event of an emergency, the other electrical vehicle electrical system consumer 9 then also via the additional and separate electrical line 11 or the additional clamp 12th supplied with electrical energy and can continue to provide the NFC function, for example.

It can also be provided that the communication network 61 of the motor vehicle 50 is designed in such a way that it can be operated within a restricted range of functions, in which case only those for controlling the mechanical locking and unlocking 54 , 56 the at least one motor vehicle door necessary components of the at least one control unit 2-x can communicate with each other. For example, in emergency operation with limited functionality, only the necessary components are permitted via the bus interface 4th to communicate.

In 2nd is a schematic representation of another embodiment of the electronic door locking system 1 a motor vehicle 50 shown. The embodiment shown is basically identical to that in the 1 Embodiment shown, same reference numerals designate the same features and terms.

In contrast to that in the 1 The embodiment shown is the energy supply in an emergency, however, on the driver's door of the motor vehicle 50 limited. Therefore, the control unit includes 2-3 no additional electrical voltage input 6 , that is an electrical power supply via the additional electrical line 11 or via an additional clamp 12th is not with the control unit 2-3 connected. Since in an emergency only the mechanical locking and unlocking is activated 54 the driver's door of the motor vehicle 50 the power requirement in an emergency is reduced even further.

Reference list

1

Electronic door locking system

2-x

Control unit

2-1

Central electrical control unit

2-2

Driver door control unit

2-3

Door control unit of the passenger door

4th

Bus interface

5

Receiving device

6

additional electrical voltage input

7

remaining component

8th

electrical decoupling

9

further electrical vehicle electrical system consumers

10th

Clamp

11

additional and separate electrical wiring

12th

Clamp

13

NFC module

20

electronic key

50

Motor vehicle

51

Headlight cleaning system

52

Wash pump

53

left-hand electric window regulator

54

mechanical locking and unlocking

55

electric window on the right

56

mechanical locking and unlocking

60

CAN bus

61

Communication network

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is only included for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent literature cited

• DE 3436761 A1 [0003]
• DE 4404501 A1 [0005]
• DE 102015213984 A1 [0007]
• DE 10049321 A1 [0008]
• DE 102014006944 A1 [0009]

Claims (9)

Electronic door locking system (1) of a motor vehicle (50), comprising: at least one control device (2-x), which is designed at least to control a mechanical locking and unlocking (54, 56) of at least one motor vehicle door, characterized in that the at least one Control device (2-x) has an additional electrical voltage input (6), an electrical circuit in the at least one control device (2-x) being designed such that the additional electrical voltage input (6) is used to supply energy exclusively to those components of the at least one Control device (2-x) is possible, which are necessary for controlling the mechanical locking and unlocking (54, 56) of the at least one motor vehicle door. Electronic door locking system (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the interconnection of the at least one control device (2-x) has an electrical decoupling (8) with which the additional electrical voltage input (6) at least when only the necessary electrical supply is provided Components via the additional electrical voltage input (6) from the remaining components (7) of the at least one control unit (2-x) is electrically decoupled or can be decoupled. Electronic door locking system (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that only the at least one control unit (2-x) for controlling a mechanical locking and unlocking (54, 56) of the driver's door of the motor vehicle (50) has an additional electrical voltage input ( 6). Electronic door locking system (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by at least one contact element which is accessible from outside the motor vehicle (50) and which is or is at least temporarily electrically connected to the additional electrical voltage input (6) of the at least one control device (2-x) can be. Motor vehicle (50) comprising an electronic door locking system (1) according to one of the Claims 1 to 5 . Motor vehicle (50) after Claim 5 , characterized in that an on-board electrical system of the motor vehicle (50) comprises an additional and separate electrical line (11) for supplying voltage to the additional electrical voltage input (6) of the at least one control device (2-x). Motor vehicle (50) after Claim 6 , characterized in that the additional separate electrical line (11) is designed and / or arranged in the motor vehicle (50) in such a way that it is protected against destruction in the event of an accident. Motor vehicle (50) according to one of the Claims 6 or 7 , characterized in that at least one further electrical vehicle electrical system consumer (9) in the motor vehicle (50) is connected to the additional separate electrical line (11). Motor vehicle (50) according to one of the Claims 5 to 8th , characterized in that a communication network (60) of the motor vehicle (50) is designed in such a way that it can be operated with a limited range of functions, in which case only those for controlling the mechanical locking and unlocking (54, 56) of the at least one motor vehicle door necessary components of the at least one control unit (2-x) can communicate with each other.

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