DE102018208665A1 - Light motor vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a multi-lane light motor vehicle (1, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3) consisting of at least three modules, namely a front module (2, 2.1), a rear module (3, 3.1) and a center module (4), wherein the front module (2 , 2.1) and the center module (4) together form a closed passenger compartment, in which a driver's seat (6) is arranged. It is proposed that front module (2, 2.1) and rear module (3, 3.1) forming an open area (12) are connected by an upper bridge-like component and a lower bridge-like component and in the open area (12) the one-sided open , Cup-shaped central module (4) with its bottom (13) on the lower bridge-like component and with its ceiling (14) is rotatably mounted on the upper bridge-like component. It is also proposed that the front module (2, 2.1) corresponding to the center module (4) is also cup-shaped, with the shell openings facing the closed passenger compartment in a first position and the center module (4) facing the front module connected to the bridge-like components (2, 2.1) and rear module (3, 3.1) is rotatable at least to one side, such that the shell opening of the center module (4) in a second position substantially completely to the environment of the light vehicle (1, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3) is open.

Description

The invention relates to a modular lightweight vehicle according to the preamble of claim 1 and a building connection for this motor vehicle according to claim 10.

The large increase in population in urban agglomerations has led to a threat of traffic congestion or has already occurred due to the associated increase in private transport in many urban areas. This affects both the traffic flow, as well as the need for storage facilities for individually used vehicles.

The fact that most vehicles have a large number of seats, but in the majority of cases carry only one person, has in recent years led to the design of light vehicles designed to carry only one person and therefore with regard to their dimensions and equipment are designed accordingly. Such vehicles are generally not suitable for the transport of objects, so that the traffic volume at which small loads are to be transported, is not covered by these vehicle concepts.

Since on the one hand the pure passenger transport and on the other hand the transport of persons and loads in terms of dimensions and equipment of vehicles are contradictory demands, has been proposed for conventional motor vehicles, with the help of individual modules, as needed, to assemble a vehicle that meets the particular purpose , For example, describes the DE 198 33 395 A1 for conventional motor vehicles, a vehicle concept consisting of a front module and a passenger compartment base modules wherein for the passenger compartment base modules body variant modules are provided, which can be placed or attached to the passenger compartment modules. Modular concepts of the type mentioned above, however, do not take into account that with reduced dimensions of the vehicle and in particular with regard to the desired small footprint when parking such vehicles are to make special demands. Thus, in particular, the space required when entering and exiting the passengers to be transported a total space requirement in the parked condition strongly influencing factor.

Also for this aspect, there are already a variety of proposals, as the entry and exit can be made as space-saving and convenient. Representative of such concepts is here, for example, in the US 4,671,563 to name published vehicle concept. Here, a front module is provided for a light small motor vehicle, in which the drive, the steering wheel and the other control means are arranged and a rear module in which the seat or seats are accommodated for the occupants to be transported. Depending on the embodiment, the rear module is pivotable either with the tail wheels or without the rear wheels relative to the front module, such that the vehicle seat or vehicle seats can be pivoted about an axis of rotation arranged behind the seat back in such a way that the occupants are allowed access from the side. A disadvantage of this concept is in particular that the arrangement of the imaginary axis of rotation behind the seat backs of the seat or seats a relatively large swivel circle is inevitable, resulting in an increased space requirement when entering and exiting. Further, a transport of objects in the illustrated concept is not provided.

Based on the above-mentioned prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide a modular, inexpensive to manufacture, single-seat light motor vehicle, in which the space required for entry and exit of the occupant is minimized and in which due to a modular design different types of vehicles through the Selection of different modules are feasible. It also belongs to the task of specifying a building connection for such a vehicle.

The object is achieved in terms of modular light vehicle by the characterizing features of the main claim 1 and in terms of building connection of the modular light vehicle by the characterizing features of claim 10. Advantageous embodiments and further developments are each characterized in the dependent claims.

It was assumed that a modular motor vehicle, consisting of at least three modules, a front module, a rear module and a center module, wherein the front module and the center module together form a closed passenger compartment, in which a driver's seat is arranged.

It is proposed that the front module and rear module, forming an open area, connected by an upper bridge-like member and a lower bridge-like component and in the open area, the unilaterally open cup-shaped center module with its bottom on the lower bridge-like component and with its ceiling on the Upper bridge-like component is rotatably arranged. The front module is corresponding to the Center module also formed cup-shaped, wherein the shell openings facing the closed passenger compartment in a first position and the center module is rotatable relative to the connected to the bridge-like components front module and rear module at least to one side, such that the shell opening of the center module in a second position in Essentially completely open to the environment of the light vehicle. The fact that a lower and an upper bridge-like component are provided for connecting the front module and rear module, a stiffer and thus resistant to external force effects frame is created in which the center module is arranged protected. In addition, the modular structure creates the prerequisite that different types of vehicles can be realized without high assembly costs in mass production. Next is achieved by the rotatable arrangement of the center module, on the one hand, a comfortable entry and exit is possible and on the other hand, a very small footprint is required for this.

In an advantageous embodiment of the arrangement, it is provided that the center module, opposite each other, each on the outside of its bottom and on the outside of its ceiling, a first bearing half of a pivot bearing and the second respective second half of the bearing corresponding to the first bearing half of the pivot bearing in the lower bridge-like component and is arranged in the upper bridge-like component. By this configuration it is achieved that no special effort is required for the rotatable mounting of the center module, it must only be assembled together with the provided on the bridge-like components bearing halves during assembly, the central module side layer halves. Alternatively, of course, there is the possibility that the pivot bearings are arranged completely either on the bridge-like components or on the center module, and on the respective other component in each case a receptacle for the pivot bearing is provided.

With respect to the arrangement of the pivot points of the pivot bearing, it is advantageous to arrange them so that the imaginary axis of rotation of the central module in the region of the bridge-like components is located centrally to the width of the light vehicle. Such an arrangement contributes to minimizing the space required when entering and exiting. In this context, it is further advantageous that the imaginary axis of rotation of the center module extends through the seat surface of the driver's seat. An axis of rotation running in this way makes it possible to minimize the rotational radius required by the rotation of the center module.

In order to realize a pivoting of the center module in a plane parallel to the respective footprint of the light motor vehicle, the imaginary axis of rotation of the center module is advantageously arranged so that it forms a right angle with the footprint of the vehicle substantially. The footprint of the vehicle is defined by the ground contact points of the wheels.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the arrangement is provided to form the upper bridge-like component and / or the lower bridge-like component as an approach to the front module or as an approach to the rear module, the free end of the approach a rigid composite forming form-fitting or materially connectable to the other module is. In this way, the highest possible and thus advantageous degree of prefabrication is achieved for later tape assembly.

An alternative embodiment of the arrangement provides that the upper bridge-like component and / or the lower bridge-like component is in each case designed as a separate component and that the separate component with the front module and the rear module form a rigid composite form-fitting or materially connectable.

Another constructive measures provides advantageous that at least parts of the suspension of the front wheels are arranged on the front module and / or that at least parts of the suspension of the rear wheels are arranged on the rear module. Alternatively it can be provided that at least parts of the suspension of the front wheels and / or at least parts of the suspension of the rear wheels are arranged on the lower bridge-like component.

In order to realize a light commercial vehicle tailored to a specific purpose, it is advantageous to provide at least a plurality of different front modules and a plurality of different rear modules, wherein each of the front modules can be connected to each of the rear modules with the involvement of a central module without additional installation effort. Preferably, the middle modules are always the same.

To increase the occupant safety, it is advantageous to arrange a crash box in the front module on the front side. It can be advantageously provided in a further embodiment that the crash box can accommodate luggage in a cavity.

In order to increase the storage space available in the light vehicle, it can be advantageously provided that at least one of the rear modules has a closed luggage space accessible by a tailgate. Additionally or alternatively, there is the possibility of Design rear modules so that they have fastening devices for attachable luggage case as needed.

In order to optimize the passive safety of the light motor vehicle, it is advantageous that at least the center module is formed at least in sections clamshell. By this measure, the resistance to external force is significantly increased. In addition thereto, it can further be provided that a roll cage and / or a side impact protection and / or a heat insulation is arranged between the two shells. In particular, the combination of roll cage, side impact protection and a foamed thermal insulation lead to a rigid and thus safe design of the passenger compartment and allow it by the thermal insulation property at the same time to air-condition the passenger compartment depending on the prevailing ambient temperature.

A further measure increasing the safety of the light motor vehicle and thus advantageous measures provides that side airbags are arranged in the center module on both sides of the driver's seat and a front airbag is provided in the front module. Also contributes to increasing the security that in the embodiment of the arrangement, the front module has a roof supporting the A-pillar construction.

Preferably, in addition to the bivalve embodiment of the center module is advantageously provided that the front module is also formed at least partially clamshell. Again, it can be provided that a Fontaufprallschutz and / or a roll cage and / or a side impact protection and / or thermal insulation is arranged to increase the passive security between the two shells, wherein the thermal insulation, if they fill the free spaces between the two shells Foam is, in addition to increasing the strength, at the same time simplifies the air conditioning of the passenger compartment.

To control the light motor vehicle advantageously arranged on a hinged boom preferably also hinged steering element is provided which can be brought from a first active steering position by folding the boom and preferably folding down the steering element in a space-saving inactive supine position. By folding up the steering arrangement, the center module is preferably unlocked relative to the vehicle by means of a locking mechanism, so that the center module is pivotable relative to the vehicle in the entry / exit position. The center module is in driving position, this is locked by folding down the steering assembly relative to the rest of the vehicle by means of the locking mechanism. Preferably, with the folding up of the steering assembly of the drive of the light vehicle is deactivated altogether.

In a further development of the light motor vehicle according to the invention, a comfort-increasing and thus advantageous building connection is provided. This comprises a curved towards the building interior, covering a building opening in cross-section part-circular sliding door, wherein the radius of curvature of the sliding door is selected so that it is slightly larger than the maximum radius of rotation of the center module.

For further embodiment of the building connection is advantageously provided that the light motor vehicle with the help of positioning relative to the building connection is positioned so that the releasable by means of the sliding door opening of the opening of the center module facing in its swung-out state. It is advantageous if the sliding door can be actuated from the light vehicle, preferably in such a way that the sliding door opens in synchronism with the swiveling out of the center module and closes synchronously with the swiveling-in of the center module.

• 1 Vereinfachte Seitenansicht eines modularen Leichtkraftfahrzeugs
• 2 Einzelmodule des Leichtfahrzeugs gemäß 1 in auseinandergezogener Darstellung
• 3 Perspektivische Ansicht eines modularen Leichtkraftfahrzeugs
• 4a Perspektivische Ansicht eine modularen Leichtkraftfahrzeugs mit geöffnetem Mittelmodul
• 4b Perspektivische Ansicht eines Mittelmoduls
• 5 Draufsicht von oben auf ein modulares Leichtkraftfahrzeug mit geöffnetem Mittelmodul
• 6a Draufsicht von oben auf unterschiedlich gestaltete modular aufgebaute Leichtkraftfahrzeuge
• 6b Unterschiedlich gestaltete modular aufgebaute Leichtkraftfahrzeuge in Seitenansicht
• 7 Perspektivische Ansicht eines modularen Leichtkraftfahrzeugs mit Gepäckabteil im Heckmodul mit Betrachtungsrichtung von schräg hinten
• 8a Schnittdarstellung durch ein modulares Leichtkraftfahrzeugs mit einer Schnittebene A - A (9) parallel zur Standfläche
• 8b Perspektivische Ansicht eines modularen Leichtkraftfahrzeugs mit Crashbox
• 9 Perspektivische Innenansicht eines modularen Leichtkraftfahrzeugs (ohne Scheiben) von seitlich, schräg, hinten gesehen
• 10 Perspektivische Innenansicht eines modularen Leichtkraftfahrzeugs mit hochgeklapptem Lenkelement
• 11 Schnittdarstellung durch ein modulares Leichtkraftfahrzeugs mit einer Schnittebene senkrecht zur Standebene mittig in Richtung Längsachse durch das Fahrzeug.
• 12 Prinzipaufbau eines klappbaren Lenkelementes eins modularen Leichtkraftfahrzeugs, links in heruntergeklappter und rechts in hochgeklappter Stellung
• 13 Draufsicht von oben auf ein modulares Leichtkraftfahrzeug mit geöffnetem Mittelmodul und Anbindung an ein Gebäude
• 14 Gebäudeanbindung für mehrere modulare Leichtkraftfahrzeuge

Further embodiments and advantages of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawing. Show it:

• 1 Simplified side view of a modular light motor vehicle
• 2 Individual modules of the light vehicle according to 1 in an exploded view
• 3 Perspective view of a modular light motor vehicle
• 4a Perspective view of a modular light vehicle with open center module
• 4b Perspective view of a center module
• 5 Top view from above on a modular light motor vehicle with open center module
• 6a Top view from above of differently designed modular lightweight vehicles
• 6b Differently designed modular lightweight vehicles in side view
• 7 Perspective view of a modular light motor vehicle with luggage compartment in the rear module with viewing direction obliquely from behind
• 8a Sectional view through a modular light motor vehicle with a sectional plane A - A ( 9 ) parallel to the stand area
• 8b Perspective view of a modular light motor vehicle with crash box
• 9 Perspective interior view of a modular light motor vehicle (without windows) seen from the side, obliquely, behind
• 10 Perspective interior view of a modular light motor vehicle with folded steering element
• 11 Sectional view through a modular light motor vehicle with a sectional plane perpendicular to the stand plane in the middle in the direction of the longitudinal axis through the vehicle.
• 12 Basic structure of a hinged steering element of a modular light motor vehicle, left in folded down and right in folded up position
• 13 Top view from above of a modular light motor vehicle with open center module and connection to a building
• 14 Building connection for several modular light vehicles

To explain the basic structure of the modular light motor vehicle is below 1 and 2 Referenced. The representation in 1 shows a simplified side view of a modular, electrically operated light motor vehicle 1 , in 2 are the individual modules of the light vehicle according to 1 shown in an exploded view. The light motor vehicle 1 consists essentially of a one-sided open, cup-shaped front module 2 (See also 10 and 11 ), a rear module 3 , a one-sided open, cup-shaped center module 4 (See also 4b) as well as a floor group 5 , As indicated by dashed lines in 1 indicated, is in the middle module 4 a driver's seat 6 arranged from the seat 6.1 and backrest 6.2 exists, with the seat surface 6.1 on a box-like substructure 7 is arranged. The front module is with a windscreen 8th equipped, the middle module 4 has side windows 9 on. windscreen 8th and side windows 9 although separated, visually merge into each other.

As shown in the illustrations 1 and 2 can be seen, is at the rear module 3 an approach 11 provided, which forms an upper, bridge-like component. A lower bridge-like component is passed through the floor assembly 5 educated. front module 2 and rear module 3 , are an open area 12 training, by means of the upper bridge-like component, so the approach 11 and the lower bridge-like component, so the bottom group 5 connected. The first connections 19 between front module 2 and approach 11 , The second connection 20 between front module 2 and floor group 5 and the third connection 21 between the rear module 3 and floor group 5 are stiff and prefers a combination of form-fitting and material connection. In the open area 12 is the one-sided open cup-shaped center module 4 with his bottom 13 at the bottom group 5 and with his blanket 14 at the beginning 11 each by means of a pivot bearing 15 . 16 rotatably arranged. The front module 2 , which corresponds to the middle module 4 cup-shaped, forms together with the center module 4 in a first position, in which face the shell openings, the closed passenger compartment. The middle module 4 is like the movement arrow 10 indicated, compared to the front module connected to the bridge-like components 2 and rear module 2 at least on one side, but preferably on both sides by means of the pivot bearing 15 . 16 rotatable, such that the shell opening of the center module 4 in a second position (cf. 4a) essentially completely to the environment of the light motor vehicle 1 is open. As further seen from the illustrations, the front wheels 17 by means of a wheel suspension (not shown) on the front module 2 attached. Analogous are the rear wheels 18 also means of its suspension (not shown) to the rear module 3 attached.

As the illustration in 2 removable, there is the light vehicle 1 from four modules, the front module 2 , the middle module 4 , the rear module 3 and the floor assembly 5 , The joining of the four modules takes place in the final assembly, it is determined which front module from a plurality of different front modules with integration of the center module is to connect to which rear module of a plurality of rear modules to individually combined light vehicle 1 to create. Preferably, the center module 4 always the same design to keep the variety in the frame. The order of installation is indicated by Roman numerals next to dash-dotted arrows. In the first step I becomes the middle module 4 by merging the bearing parts of the first pivot bearing 15 with the approach 11 at the rear module 3 connected. At the second step II becomes the front module 2 at the beginning 11 attached and thus the stiff first connection 19 ( 1 ) created. In a third step III becomes the bottom group 5 by merging the bearing parts of the second pivot bearing 16 opposite the center module 4 positioned and it will be the stiff connections 20 . 21 between floor group 5 and front module 2 on the one hand and between bottom group 5 and rear module 3 on the other hand.

Of course, a variety of alternative design options are conceivable for the example described above. Thus, as an alternative to the arrangement of the suspension on the front module 2 or at the rear module 3 in both In cases where the suspension or parts thereof are arranged on the underbody. A further alternative embodiment variant may provide that the floor panel is not a separate component, but is designed as a projection on the front module. The upper bridge-shaped component, in the example described above as an approach to the rear module 3 is described, of course, can also be designed as a separate component. In this case, the separate component, preferably positive and / or cohesive, to connect both with the rear module and with the front module. If the bridge-like components are in each case projections on the front module or on the rear module, then these are preferably arranged alternately thereon and in each case preferably positively and / or materially connected to the other component (front module or rear module). Next there is the possibility of the rear modules 3 Provide fastening devices for attachable luggage case as needed.

The joined light vehicle 1 is in 3 shown in perspective in realistic representation. front module 2 and rear module 3 are through the upper bridge-like component, namely arranged on the rear module approach 11 and the lower bridge-like component in the form of the floor assembly 5 connected and form a rigid composite. Between front module 2 and rear module 3 on the one hand and approach 11 and floor group 5 on the other hand, there is the middle module 4 , At the front module 2 are by means of first suspensions (not shown), the steered front wheels 17 and at the rear module 3 by means of second suspensions (not shown) driven rear wheels 18 arranged. In its first closed position of the middle module 4 (Also referred to as driving position) is the outer contour of the front module 2 without space in the center module 4 about, for locking and sealing is detailed below.

As already stated, the middle module 4 rotatable, 4a therefore shows in a likewise realistic representation of the light vehicle 1 in perspective with a located in its second position, opened center module 4 , The cupped, the driver's seat 6 having middle module 4 is compared to the rigid composite of front module 2 , Approach 11 , Rear module 3 and floor group 5 pivoted so far that the entry or exit opening completely laterally to the surroundings of the main vehicle 1 is open, leaving a person 22 can easily get in and out. By a corresponding lateral rejuvenation 23 the contour of the center module 4 in the lower area is achieved that the opening angle of the center module 4 through the rear wheels 18 not unnecessarily limited too early. In this way, a large tilt angle of the center module 4 possible with a relatively short wheelbase.

The middle module 4 alone shows 4b in perspective view. From this representation, it can be seen that the selected arrangement of the pivot bearing 15 . 16 (Visible in this illustration is only one half of the first pivot bearing 15 ) an imaginary axis of rotation 24 centrally through the seat 6.1 runs. In this way, the upper body is one on the seat 6.1 sitting person 22 on one side of the imaginary axis of rotation 24 while the legs are on the opposite side of the imaginary axis of rotation 24 are located. This arrangement of the imaginary axis of rotation 24 , or the arrangement of the pivot bearing 15 . 16 which form these minimizes that in the rotation of the center module 4 claimed maximum turning radius 25 (See also 5 ). Again, the rejuvenation 23 of the middle module 4 recognizable in the lower area, the short wheelbase a large rotation angle of the center module 4 allowed.

To the conditions when turning the middle module 4 to clarify is in 5 the light vehicle 1 shown in plan view from above. The middle module 4 is thereby by rotation about the imaginary axis of rotation 24 turned to the second position, so the position in the middle module 4 to get off or get in. As by the movement arrows 26 indicated are two inputs or Ausstigsstellungen provided, namely the sitter, in the direction of travel 27 Seen on the left and one to this mirror image arranged in the direction of travel 27 Seen on the right, which is indicated only by a fine dot-dash line. From the illustration it can be seen that the angle of rotation a, or the angle of rotation - a is almost 90 degrees. This is achieved by the above-mentioned lateral rejuvenation 23 the contour of the center module 4 in the lower area, leaving the rear wheels when pivoting the center module 4 in the rejuvenation 23 ( 4a and 4b) can dive. Because of the imaginary axis of rotation 24 through the seat 6.1 (see. 1 and 4b) runs, is the maximum turning radius 25 minimized. As can further be seen from the top view, the distance between the rear wheels 18 significantly smaller than the distance between the front wheels 17 ,

To illustrate the possibilities of variation of the modular light motor vehicle are in 6a four different model variants in top view from above. The model variants consist of two different front modules 2 . 2.1 , two different rear modules 3 . 3.1 and always the same middle module 4 together. The direction of travel 27 is indicated by a directional arrow. The light motor vehicle 1 in the illustration on the left is made up of the modules already described above, namely the front module 2 , the middle module 4 and the rear module 3 together. front module 2 and rear module 3 are in the roof area by means of the approach 11 at the rear module 3 connected as described above. Accordingly, the connection of front module takes place 2 and rear module 3 in the lower area not visible here by means of the floor assembly 5 as described above.

Starting from this basic configuration described above 6a in the second picture from the left a first modified light motor vehicle 1.1 in which an alternative rear module 3.1 is used. A side view of the first modified light motor vehicle 1.1 is in 6b shown in the lower left illustration. After with the exception of the alternative rear module 3.1 all other components are the same, here is only on the differences at the alternative rear module 3.1 received. As can be seen from the figure above, this is the alternative rear module 3.1 in the area of the approach 11 the same design, thanks to the connection to the front module 2 on the one hand and through the storage of the middle module 4 is conditional. In the rear area is the alternative rear module 3.1 significantly enlarged, so that a larger wheelbase between front wheels 17 and rear wheels 18 and a larger wheelbase between the rear wheels 18 results. The alternative rear module 3.1 has a large storage space in the back 28 on. The alternative rear module 3.1 is in 7 shown in perspective from diagonally behind. In this illustration, it can also be seen that the storage space 28 through a large tailgate 29 is accessible.

A second modified light vehicle 1.2 is in 6a shown in the third figure from the left, in this case, compared to the basic variant is an alternative front module 2.1 is used. A side view of this second modified light vehicle 1.2 is in 6b shown in the upper illustration. To the size ratios, in particular the actual size of the light vehicles in question here 1 . 1.1 . 1.2 . 1.3 is next to the second modified light vehicle 1.2 in 6b an adult male person 22.1 displayed. As already mentioned, the second modified light-vehicle differs 1.2 from the original variant merely by having a larger front module 2.1 is used. Due to the additional space in the front area of the alternative front module 2.1 can devices for increasing the passive security such as a crash box can be accommodated there, of course, can be provided in this area also alternatively or additionally storage compartments.

Of course, the modifications described above, ie an alternative rear module 3.1 and an alternative front module 2.1 connect to another vehicle variant. Such a fourth vehicle variant is in 6a far right in top view from above and in 6b shown in the lower right side view. After the light vehicle produced by this modification 1.3 merely uniting the measures leading to the first modified light motor vehicle 1.1 and the second modified light motor vehicle, to avoid repetition, reference is made to the relevant statements above.

Of course, further model variants of a light motor vehicle can be produced by correspondingly specially designed further front modules, rear modules or center modules.

To increase active and passive safety, the in 8a in section and in 8b in perspective with view towards the front and left side illustrated light motor vehicle 1 numerous measures. Here are first the airbags to mention, of which two side airbags 30 in the middle module 4 on both sides of the driver's seat 6 are located. Next is a front airbag 30.1 in the middle of the front inside 35.1 inside the front module 2 arranged. At the outer front 35 of the front module 2 is a crashbox 31 attached, which can also accommodate luggage in addition to increasing the security in a frontal impact. In the rear module 3 there is a storage compartment 32 , which behaves with appropriate design as a crash box and mitigates a possible rear impact. To protect the occupant of particular importance is the integration of a safety cage in the center module 4 , These are U-shaped reinforcements 33 provided in the section plane shown and in planes not shown parallel to the cutting plane, in the wall of the center module 4 are arranged. The U-holes of the U-shaped reinforcements 33 are the opening of the cup-shaped center module 4 facing. In the vertical direction of the middle module further in 6a not shown stiffeners that connect the U-shaped stiffeners with each other. Further reinforcements 34 are in the ground 13 and blanket 14 (see also 4b) of the middle module 4 arranged and with the remaining U-shaped reinforcements 33 or connected to the stiffeners running in the vertical direction, so that in the wall of the center module 4 the mentioned grid-like safety cage is formed. Of course, a corresponding safety cage of struts 41 (see. 8c ) also in the wall of the front module 2 be provided.

To visually hide the safety cage (s), the walls are of center module 4 and front module 2 preferably double-walled, with the safety cage between the two walls. In such a double-walled design, it is advisable to foam the remaining gaps with a heat-insulating foam to allow easier air conditioning of the interior. Such a wall construction is in 8c shown schematically. The figure shows a small-format sectional view on the top right analogous to the representation in 8a , below is an enlarged detail as a detail. The enlarged section is indicated by a circle in the small-format sectional view. The enlarged section shows the area where the front module wall 36 and the center module wall 37 , in the first position (driving position) located middle module 4 , meet each other. The wall structure is sandwiched and consists of both the front module wall 36 as well as the middle module wall 37 from an outer shell 38 and an inner shell 39 , The space between them is with a heat-insulating foam 40 filled in, in the fortifications 33 or struts 41 are embedded. The reinforcement 33 is, as described above, part of the safety cage in the center module 4 , the bracing 41 is part of the safety cage in the front module 2 , Where the front module wall 36 and the center module wall 37 collide, is a wall finish for both 42 provided, in each of which a groove 43 is arranged. The grooves 43 lie then, if the middle module 4 in its first position (driving position) is directly opposite each other. In the groove 43 on the front module 2 is an inflatable seal 44 attached and with a pressure source 45 connected. In its deflated state is the inflatable seal 44 only in the groove 43 at the front module 2 as indicated by a dashed line. Will the inflatable seal 44 in the middle position in the first position (driving position) 4 put under pressure, this also extends into the groove 43 in the middle module 4 into and seals the transition between front module 2 and center module 4 from. To fill the inflatable seal 44 ensure only in the first position (driving position), can be provided that initially in befindlichem in driving position center module 4 this opposite the front module 2 is locked and that by the locking the filling of the inflatable seal 44 is released.

The above-mentioned air conditioning of the passenger compartment takes place by means of a fan which sucks in outside air, optionally filters heated or cooled and conveys it into the passenger compartment. For the exchange of internal air forced ventilation is provided, the subsidized supply air on the one hand and the forced ventilation on the other hand are dimensioned so that sets a slight overpressure in the passenger compartment.

9 shows an interior perspective view of a modular light vehicle (without discs) from the side, obliquely, seen from behind. You can see parts of the front module 2 and the middle module 4 , Body side is recognizable, which is the roof of the front module 2 supporting support structure is divided into two parts. A first pillar 46 and one to this rearwardly offset and part of the termination of the front module 2 towards the center module 4 forming second pillar 47 carry the roof of the front module 2 , This connection of the roof area of the front module 2 is caused by the connection here with the rear module 3 (please refer 1 ) is particularly heavily loaded and therefore must be made very stiff. A third pillar 48 is located at the middle module 4 and closes it in the window area towards the front module. Both the first pillar 46 as well as the second pillar 47 are part of the safety cage located in the front module. The same applies to the third pillar 48 that this part of the security cage of the middle module 4 is.

Next is in 9 a steering assembly 49 to see. This consists of a boom 50 , a steering element carrier arranged thereon 51 and in turn arranged on this steering element 52 , Because the steering assembly 49 in the 9 illustrated driving condition of the light vehicle 1 into the contour of the center module 4 protrudes into it (see in particular also 11 ), the steering assembly needs 49 be designed to fold up. A view with folded steering arrangement 49 shows 10 , As can be seen in this perspective interior view of the boom 50 from its lower position (dashed line) assumed in the driving state according to the movement arrow 53 can be folded upwards, at the same time is the steering element carrier 51 with the steering element arranged thereon 52 worked down.

The location of the steering assembly 49 relative to the center module 4 and here in particular the driver's seat 6 , as well as the location of other components shows 11 , It is a simplified sectional view through the modular light vehicle 1 with a sectional plane perpendicular to the standing plane in the middle in the direction of the longitudinal axis. The location of the cutting line B - B is in 8a indicated. Again, this is the front module 2 , the middle module 4 the rear module 3 with the approach 11 and the floor group 5 recognizable as mutually delimited components. At the front is the Crashbox described above 31 arranged, the rear module 3 contains the storage compartment also mentioned above 32 , under the storage compartment 32 is an electric drive 54 arranged. The rotatable mounting of the center module 4 in the floor group 5 takes place by means of the second pivot bearing 16 , the storage of the middle module 4 at the beginning 11 is by means of the first pivot bearing 15 accomplished. Next is in the middle module 4 the mentioned driver's seat 6 , whose seat 6.1 on a box-like substructure 7 is arranged adjustable. The backrest 6.2 is on the back wall of the middle module 4 arranged and also adjustable. In the example chosen is located in the box-like substructure 7 the accumulator for the electric drive 54 ,

Is the middle module 4 as shown in the illustration 11 apparent in driving position, the steering assembly extends 49 into the contour of the center module 4 into it. Is this around the imaginary axis of rotation 24 turned, is the steering assembly 49 in the way and must, as mentioned above, be worked up. An example of a folding mechanism is described below. In the steering assembly is a so-called steer-by-wire steering assembly, in which the rotational movement of the steering wheel in a known manner by electrical means to an actuator (not shown) is transmitted to the steered front wheels 17 acts and the on the steering element 52 adjusted steering angle transmits to this. Of course, alternatively, a conventional mechanical steering can be used.

12 shows an example of the structure of a folding steering assembly 49 , in the left picture in folded down position and in the right picture in folded position. The steering arrangement 49 has, as already stated above, an upwardly hinged boom 50 on. This is at its first end by means of a first pivot axis 55 with the front inside 35.1 of the front module 2 rotatably connected and hinged upwards. On the boom 50 is at the second end of the steering element 52 supporting steering element carrier 51 by means of a second pivot axis 56 is arranged hinged down. We supported the arrangement by a gas spring 57 and a support cooperating therewith 59 , The gas spring 57 is at its first end with the first pivot axis 55 and at its second end with a third pivot axis 58 pivotally connected. The third pivot axis 58 is on the steering element carrier 51 at the second pivot axis 56 arranged on the opposite side. At the third pivot axis 58 also attacks the prop 59 pivotally with its first end and is with its second end via a fourth pivot axis 60 with the front inside 35.1 of the front module 2 pivotally connected, wherein the fourth pivot axis 60 with respect to the first pivot axis 55 offset down at the front inside 35.1 of the front module 2 is arranged. The maximum extension of the push rod 61 the gas spring 57 is sized so that the steering assembly 49 not over in 12 shown on the left folded down position - this is the steering position - is pivotable downwards. In this position, a first latch (not shown) of the steering assembly 49 be provided. Will the steering assembly 49 (if necessary after releasing the first lock) in the direction of the movement arrow 62 pivoted upward, arise at the pivot axes 55 . 56 . 58 . 60 and at the push rod 61 the gas spring 57 the movements indicated by dashed arrows. Is the steering assembly 49 fully pivoted upwards, is the push rod 61 the gas spring 57 pushed in and it results in the 12 right illustrated position of the steering assembly 49 , In this position, a second lock (not shown) is provided. Will this when folded steering assembly 49 (right-hand illustration in 12 ) solved, the steering assembly works 49 , driven by the gas spring 57 down until the push rod 61 has reached its maximum output.

To make sure the middle module 4 only when the light vehicle is at a standstill 1 . 1.1 . 1.2 . 1.3 from the driving position in the direction of entry / exit position is movable, locking means (not shown) are provided, which by the high flaps and folding down the steering assembly 49 are operable. This locking means unlock the center module 4 by folding up the steering assembly 49 opposite the composite of front module 2 . 2.1 and rear module 3 . 3.1 so that the middle module 4 opposite the composite of front module 2 . 2.1 and rear module 3 . 3.1 is pivotable in entry / exit position and lock the center module 4 opposite the composite of front module 2 . 2.1 and rear module 3 . 3.1 when the middle module 4 located in driving position and the steering assembly 49 is folded down.

In a modification to the above example may alternatively be provided that the gas spring 57 is replaced by an element that can change its length in a force-driven manner analogous to the gas spring. In this case, the steering assembly can be brought by the respective actuation of the force-driven element at the push of a button from one position to the other position.

A top view of a modular light motor vehicle 1 with opened center module 4 and connection to a building 63 shows 13 , The building connection 68 has one to the building interior 69 arched, a building opening 64 temporary covering part-circular sliding door 65 on, where the radius of curvature 67 the sliding door 65 is chosen so that it is slightly larger than the maximum turning radius 25 of the middle module 4 , To the light vehicle 1 opposite the building connection 68 positioning means are provided, it may, as in 13 shown to purely mechanical positioning in the form of an approachable wheel 66 Of course, of course, also in the control of the light vehicle 1 engaging electronic positioning conceivable. By means of Positioning means is the light vehicle 1 opposite the building connection 68 so positionable that the by means of the sliding door 65 releasable building opening 64 the opening of the middle module 4 facing in its swung out state. It is envisaged that the sliding door 65 from the light vehicle 1 from (not shown) is operable by there provided operating means, preferably such that the sliding door 65 synchronously with the swiveling out of the middle module 4 in her open position 70 and synchronous with the pivoting of the center module 4 in their closed position 71 moves. Accordingly, it can also be provided that when leaving the building 63 simultaneously with the opening of the sliding door 65 the middle module 4 is rotated synchronously in its open position. If necessary, a canopy 74 for building connection 68 be provided.

A building connection of the type described above can also be arranged in multiple execution on a correspondingly designed building part, such an example show 14 , Here are on a columnar, cuboid building base 72 on each of its four sides a building connection 68 (in the illustration, only two are visible) arranged, all unimpeded by light vehicles 1 can be approached.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3

Light motor vehicle

2, 2.1

front module

3, 3.1

Heckmodul

4

Center module

5

underbody

6

driver's seat

6.1

seat

6.2

backrest

7

box-like substructure

8th

windscreen

9

side window

10

movement arrow

11

Approach (at the rear module 3 . 3.1 )

12

open area

13

Ground (of the middle module 4 )

14

Ceiling (of the center module 4 )

15

first pivot bearing

16

second pivot bearing

17

front wheels

18

rear wheels

19

first connection

20

second connection

21

third connection

22

person

22.1

adult male person

23

rejuvenation

24

imaginary axis of rotation

25

maximum turning radius

26

movement arrow

27

Fahtrichtung

28

storage space

29

hatchback

30

side airbags

30.1

front airbags

31

crash box

32

storage compartment

33

Reinforcements in the center module

34

flexible cable

35

outside front

35.1

Front inside

36

Front module wall

37

Central module wall

38

outer shell

39

inner shell

40

heat-insulating foam

41

Struts (in the front module)

42

wall end

43

groove

44

inflatable seal

45

pressure source

46

first pillar

47

second pillar

48

third pillar

49

The steering assembly

50

boom

51

Steering element support

52

steering element

53

movement arrow

54

electric drive

55

first pivot axis

56

second pivot axis

57

Gas spring

58

third pivot axis

59

support

60

fourth pivot axis

61

Push rod (the gas spring 57 )

62

movement arrow

63

building

64

building opening

65

sliding door

66

wheel

67

Radius of curvature (the sliding door 65 )

68

building connections

69

INSIDE OF bUILDING

70

Open position (the sliding door 65 )

71

Closed position (the sliding door 65 )

72

building foundation

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 19833395 A1 [0004]
• US 4671563 [0005]

Claims (10)

Multi-lane light motor vehicle (1, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3), consisting of at least three modules, a front module (2, 2.1), a rear module (3, 3.1) and a center module (4), wherein the front module (2, 2.1) and the Center module (4) together form a closed passenger compartment, in which a driver's seat (6) is arranged, characterized in that - front module (2, 2.1) and rear module (3, 3.1) forming an open area (12) by an upper bridge-like component and a lower bridge-like component are connected, - in the open area (12) the unilaterally open cup-shaped center module (4) with its bottom (13) on the lower bridge-like component and with its ceiling (14) on the upper bridge-like component rotatable is arranged, - the front module (2, 2.1) corresponding to the central module (4) is also cup-shaped, wherein the shell openings in a first position facing the closed passenger compartment forming, - the Mittelmo dul (4) relative to the front module (2, 2.1) and rear module (3, 3.1) connected to the bridge-like components is rotatable at least to one side, such that the shell opening of the central module (4) in a second position substantially completely to the environment of the light vehicle (1, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3) is open. Light vehicle after Claim 1 , characterized in that the center module (4), opposite each other, each on the outside of its bottom (13) and on the outside of its ceiling (14) has a first bearing half of a pivot bearing (15, 16) and the second with the first bearing half corresponding second bearing half of the rotary bearing (15, 16) respectively in the lower bridge-like component and in the upper bridge-like component is arranged, or in that the pivot points of the pivot bearing (15, 16) are arranged so that the imaginary axis of rotation (24) of the Middle module (4) in the region of the bridge-like components centrally to the width of the light vehicle (1, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3). Light vehicle after Claim 2 , characterized in that the imaginary axis of rotation (24) of the central module (4) through the seat surface (6.1) of the driver's seat (6). Light vehicle after Claim 2 , characterized in that the imaginary axis of rotation (24) of the central module (4) with the footprint of the light motor vehicle (1, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3) substantially encloses a right angle. Light vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the upper bridge-like component and / or the lower bridge-like component are formed as an approach to the front module (2, 2.1) or as a projection (11) on the rear module (3, 3.1) and that the free End of the approach (11) forming a rigid composite form-fitting or non-positively connected to the other module is connected. Light vehicle after one of the Claims 1 to 4 , characterized in that the upper bridge-like component and / or the lower bridge-like component is designed as a separate component and that the separate component with the front module (2, 2.1) and the rear module (3, 3.1) forming a rigid composite form-fitting or materially connectable is. Light vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the light vehicle (1, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3) has two front wheels (17) and two rear wheels (18) and that at least parts of the wheel suspension of the front wheels (17) on the front module (2, 2.1) are arranged and / or that at least parts of the suspension of the rear wheels (18) on the rear module (3, 3.1) are arranged. Light vehicle after Claim 6 , characterized in that the light vehicle (1, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3) has two front wheels (17) and two rear wheels (18) and that at least parts of the suspension of the front wheels (17) and / or at least parts of the wheel suspension of the rear wheels (18 ) are arranged on the lower bridge-like component. Light vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least a plurality of different front modules (2, 2.1) and a plurality of different rear modules (3. 3.1) are provided and that each front module (2, 2.1) with each rear module (3, 3.1) with the involvement of a middle module (4) is connectable. A building connection for a vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the building connection (68) comprises a part-circular sliding door (65) which curves towards the building interior (69) and covers a building opening (64), the radius of curvature (67) of the sliding door (65) is chosen so that it is slightly larger than the maximum turning radius (25) of the center module (4).

Images