DE102018108541A1 - Method for producing a three-or multi-stage planet, in particular for a gear arrangement for an electrically driven axle of a vehicle, drive train section and the electrically driven axle - Google Patents

Abstract

From the prior art, a triple planetary wave is known, which consists of three planets. These three planets are rotatably connected. Each planet is first manufactured individually and then welded together. The invention is therefore based on the object to simplify a method for producing a multiple, especially triple planetary wave or a corresponding planet. The invention relates to a multi-stage planet or a corresponding shaft, in particular a triple planetary wave, for a gear arrangement for an electrically driven axle and a method for the production thereof.

Description

Field of the invention

The invention relates to a method for producing a three-stage or multi-stage planet, in particular for a shaft with the three- or multi-stage planet, in particular a triple or multiple planetary shaft for a gear arrangement for an electrically driven axle, a drive train section and an electrically driven axle.

From the prior art, a triple planetary wave is known, which consists of three planets. These three planets are rotatably connected. Each planet is first manufactured individually and then welded together.

Summary of the invention

The invention is therefore based on the object to simplify a method for producing a multiple, especially triple planetary wave or a corresponding planet.

The object is solved by the features of patent claim 1, by the features of claim 8 and by the features of claim 10. Further advantageous embodiments will become apparent from the respective dependent claims, the description and the drawings.

A method is proposed in which a three-stage or multi-stage planet - hereinafter also referred to as a planet, is manufactured from at least or exactly two components. The planet can also be called a triple or multiple planetary wave. By reducing the parts of the triple or multiple planetary shaft (from three planets to two planets and / or components), the production of this component is significantly cheaper and the installation is easier.

The three- or multi-stage planet has at least or exactly three planetary sections. Each of the planetary sections has a Stirnzahnradbereich, wherein the Stirnzahnradbereiche each have a circumferential toothing. The toothing may be formed, for example, as a spur or a helical toothing. Preferably, the planetary sections and / or the Stirnzahnradbereiche are spaced apart from each other in the axial direction.

The planet has at least or exactly three planetary sections. At least or exactly two of the planetary sections, that is, a first and a second planetary section are formed as a first component. In particular, the first and the second planetary section are produced together with the first component by prototyping. Alternatively or additionally, the first and the second planetary section are made of a common semi-finished product. The first and the second planetary section thus consist of a common material area.

The third planetary section is formed as a second component which is formed separately from the method for producing the planet separately from the first component. In the method of manufacture, the second component is rotatably mounted on the first component. The connection between the first component and the second component can be implemented positively, positively and / or cohesively.

In the context of the invention it is proposed that the third planetary section is or is arranged with respect to an axial extent of the planet between the first and the second planetary section. The second component and thus the third planetary section is thus positioned between the first and the second planetary section.

It is a consideration of the invention that so far the planetary sections have been individually arranged on the body. This leads to an increased installation effort due to the large number of parts and to increased manufacturing costs due to the large number of joints. The inventive method is also achieved that the resulting planet is more stable, since the first component already has one piece over the first and the second planetary section. Furthermore, tolerance problems are reduced, since no tolerances are introduced in a wing operation of the first and second planetary section.

In a preferred embodiment, the planet has a passage opening, which is suitable for receiving a bolt, so that the planet is rotatably arranged on the bolt. In an integration of the planet in a drive train section, as will be described later, or in an electrical axis, as will be described later, it is preferred that between the bolt and the planet one or more storage facilities, in particular rolling bearing devices are arranged. Preferably, the passage opening is formed as a straight hollow cylinder opening, which is particularly easy to manufacture.

In a preferred embodiment, the first and the second planetary section form corner regions and / or edge regions in the first component and / or in the resulting planet. By the planetary sections in the corner and / or edge regions, these are designed to be particularly stable, so that they are more load-bearing and / or more sustainable become. Particularly preferably, the planet is designed as a triple planet. It is possible for exactly one planet section, that is to say the third planet section, to be inserted as second component between the first and the second planet section. Alternatively, it is possible for a plurality of planetary sections to be inserted between the first and the second planetary section, wherein the further planetary sections, in addition to the third planetary section, each form a further separate component. It is also possible that the second component is equipped with two planetary sections.

In a particularly stable embodiment of the invention, the first component is designed as a forging component, which is subsequently processed and in particular finished, in particular before the assembly of the second component.

To implement the method, it is preferred that a free inner diameter of the second component is greater than an outer diameter of the first and / or second planetary section is formed. This makes it possible that the second component can be pushed onto the first component. In continuations of the invention may also be provided that the inner contour of the second component and the outer contour of the first component are designed so that the inner diameter of the outer diameter overlap in principle, but are still pivotable into each other. Thus, for example, it is conceivable that each of the components carries a corresponding toothing, so that the second component can be pushed with the internal toothing on the outer toothing of the first component. The teeth may be straight or helical.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the second component is rotatably set by welding on the first component. After usually the planet does not have to be divided after dismantling, can be made by such cohesive connection a very stable planet.

In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the first component has an external toothing and the second component has an internal toothing, which engage in such a way that a rotationally fixed connection is formed in the circumferential direction as a radial securing about a major axis of the planet. For axial securing any fuse elements can be used, more preferably a locking ring is used for axial securing, since this is particularly cost feasible. On another side of the second component, the axial securing can be implemented, for example, by a shaft shoulder.

Another object of the invention is the three- or multi-stage planet, this being made by the described method. Another optional object of the invention is a multiple planetary wave or a triple planetary wave, which is manufactured by the described method.

The planet has a first and a second component, wherein the two components are joined together. The first component has the first and the second planetary section in one piece. The second component has the third planetary section. The third planetary section is arranged between the first and the second planetary section.
Structurally, the first planetary section has a first outer diameter, the second planetary section has a second outer diameter and the third planetary section has a third outer diameter, wherein the first outer diameter is greater than the second outer diameter and wherein the inner diameter of the second component is greater than or equal to the second outer diameter. Generally speaking, the inner diameter of the second component is designed so that it can be pushed over the outer diameter of the second planetary section.

Another object of the invention is formed by a drive train section, in particular an electric drive train section or a hybrid drive train section, in particular for a vehicle which has a plurality of the previously described planets. Furthermore, the drive train section has a planet carrier, wherein the planets are arranged on the planet carrier. The axes of rotation of the planets are located in a pitch circle about a major axis of the drive train section. The drive train section has a first and a second drive shaft, wherein a first sun gear is disposed on the first drive shaft and a second sun gear is arranged rotationally fixed on the second drive shaft. The first sun gear meshes with the first planetary section, the second sun gear cam with the third planetary section. In addition, the drive train section has a plan on a differential device, wherein the second planetary section forms an input to the differential device. Optionally additionally comprises drive train section an electric motor, wherein the electric motor is selectively switchable to the first or the second drive shaft. For example, a coupling device and / or a manual transmission is arranged between the electric motor and the first or second drive shaft. In this embodiment, the drive train section can be made particularly robust, since the planets are particularly sustainable due to the special manufacturing method. Thus, the reliability of the powertrain section is increased.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the differential device is designed as a planetary differential device. In particular, what the differential device on a ring gear, wherein the second planetary section meshes with the ring gear. The ring gear is preferably formed as a stationary ring gear. Furthermore, the differential device has two planetary gear sets and two output sun gears. The planet gears of the two planetary gear sets are rotatably mounted on the planet carrier. On the one hand, a planetary gear of the one planetary gear meshes with a planetary gear of the other planetary gearset. The planet gears of the two planetary gear comb thus pairwise with each other. Further, the planet gears of the one planetary gear mesh with the first output sun gear and the planetary gears of the other planetary gear set with the second output sun gear. Optionally, the output wheels are each rotatably connected to an output shaft.

Another object of the invention is an electrically driven axle for a vehicle, wherein the electrically driven axle has the drive train section, as described above.

list of figures

• 1 eine Längsschnittdarstellung einer aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Tripelplanetenwelle;
• 2 eine Längsschnittdarstellung eines Planeten als ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung;
• 3 eine Längsschnittdarstellung eines Planeten als ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung;
• 4 eine schematische Darstellung eines Antriebsstrangabschnitt von einem Fahrzeug ausgebildet als elektrisch antreibbare Achse als ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung.

Further features, advantages and effects of the invention will become apparent from the following description of preferred embodiments of the invention. Showing:

• 1 a longitudinal sectional view of a known from the prior art triple planetary wave;
• 2 a longitudinal sectional view of a planet as a first embodiment of the invention;
• 3 a longitudinal sectional view of a planet as a second embodiment of the invention;
• 4 a schematic representation of a drive train section of a vehicle formed as an electrically driven axle as a further embodiment of the invention.

1 shows a known from the prior art triple planetary wave, which consists of three planets. The production takes place in such a way that first each planet is manufactured individually. Single Planet P3 forms a kind of platform for the other two single planets P2 and P1 , First, single planet P1 on single planet P3 welded. Then there will be single planet P2 on single planet P3 welded. The welds are indicated by circles.

2 shows the solution according to the invention in a first embodiment. The two outer planetary sections PA1 and PA2 are not manufactured here as two individual parts but as a first component 5 , The toothing of the two planetary sections PA1 and PA2 Processing. Subsequently, the middle planetary section PA3 as a second component 6 from the side, here from the right, attached to the item with a press fit. The subsequent attachment takes place in this embodiment by welding at the point marked by a circle.

For this process, it is necessary that the inner diameter of the central planetary section PA3 is greater than the tip diameter of the planetary section PA2 , By reducing the parts of the triple planetary wave (of three planets P1 . P2 . P3 on two components 5 . 6 with planetary sections PA1 . PA2 . PA3 ), the production of this entire component is much cheaper and the installation is easier.

More specifically, the shows 2 a planet 1 , which is designed as a three-stage planet and / or triple planetary wave. The planet 1 indicates the three planetary sections PA1 . PA2 and PA3 on, which each form a Stirnzahnradabschnitt. The planetary sections PA1 . PA2 and PA3 each have a helical toothing and are spaced from each other. Central points the planet 1 a passage opening 2 in which a bolt 3 is arranged. Furthermore, several storage facilities 4 provided, the storage facilities 4 the planet 1 relative to the bolt 3 to store. In the bolt 3 are bores for supplying lubricant to the storage facilities 4 intended. The bolt 3 serves to arrange the planet 1 for example on a planet carrier 16 , as will be described later.

The planet 1 has a first component 5 and a second component 6 on. The first component 5 includes the first and second planetary sections PA1 and PA2 , In particular, the planetary sections PA1 and PA2 formed in one piece, manufactured in common by prototyping or made of the same semi-separating. For example, the first component 5 realized as a forging, the teeth of the planetary sections PA1 and PA2 is reworked separating. The planetary sections PA1 and PA2 are each end and / or in the edge region of the first component 5 arranged.

The second component 6 indicates the third planetary section PA3 on, with the second component 6 and / or the third planetary section PA3 in the axial direction between the first planetary section PA1 and the second planetary section PA2 is arranged.

The first component 5 points at the joint with the second component 6 on the outer circumference of a cylindrical surface, the second component 6 points at the joint with the first component 5 a cylindrical surface, wherein the diameters are coordinated such that the first component 5 sitting in a press fit on the second component. The first component 5 has a wave shoulder 7 for the installation of the second component 6 on. The two components 5,6 are connected to each other via a welding process and that on one of the shaft shoulder 7 opposite side of the second component 6 ,

For a manufacturing-friendly design, the free inner diameter ID3 of the second component 6 larger than the outer diameter AD2 of the second planetary section PA2 , in a method of manufacturing the planet 1 First, the two components 5 . 6 manufactured, subsequently the second component 6 over the first component 5 starting at the second planetary section PA2 pushed and with the wave shoulder 7 brought into contact. The following are the components 5 . 6 welded together. The advantage of the structural design lies in the reduced number of components and the more robust design of the planet 1 ,

3 shows the solution according to the invention in a second embodiment. Again, the two outer planetary sections PA1 and PA2 not manufactured as two separate parts, but as the common component 5 , The toothing of the two planetary sections PA1 and PA2 Processing. Subsequently, the middle planetary section PA3 as a second component 6 from the side, here from the right, postponed. The subsequent attachment takes place in this embodiment by a radial securing means of a spline and by an axial securing means of a locking ring 25 , Otherwise, the planets 1 the 2 and the 3 the same, so that reference is made to the preceding description.

For this method, it is necessary that the tip diameter of the spline of the central planetary section PA3 or the second component 6 greater than the tip diameter of the second planetary section PA2 ,

The 4 shows a vehicle 8th in the area of a drive train section 9 , which serves as an electric drivable axle 10 is trained. The electrically driven axle 10 can be realized for example as a rear axle. Alternatively, this is designed as a front axle.

The driveline section 9 has a first and a second drive shaft 11 . 12 on, which selectively with an electric motor only schematically shown 13 can be coupled. For example, a coupling device, not shown, is interposed. On the first drive shaft 11 is a first sun gear 14 , on the second drive shaft 12 is a second sun wheel 15 rotatably attached. The drive shafts 11 . 12 and the sun wheels 14 . 15 are coaxial with a major axis H arranged. The drive shafts 11 . 12 are formed as hollow shafts and arranged concentrically with each other.

The driveline section 9 has a plurality of the previously described planets 1 on. The planets 1 are in a pitch circle diameter about the major axis H arranged distributed. The planets 1 be from a planet carrier 16 worn on which they are arranged rotatable. The drive shafts 11 . 12 comb with the planet 1 , where the first sun wheel 14 with the first planetary section PA1 and the second sun wheel 15 with the third planetary section PA3 combs.

The driveline section 9 points into the differential device 17 on, with the planet carrier 16 a part of the differential device 17 forms. The second planetary section PA2 forms an input to the differential device 17 , The driveline section 9 and / or the differential device 17 has a ring gear 18 on, wherein the second planetary section PA2 meshes with the ring gear. By this configuration, a rotation of the drive shafts 11 or 12 to a rotation of the planet carrier 16 around the main axis H ,

Furthermore, the drive train section 9 and / or the differential device 17 two planetary gear sets 19 . 20 on and output sun gears 21 . 22 on, with the planetary gears of the planetary gear sets 19 . 20 on the planet carrier 16 are rotatably arranged. The planet wheels 16 comb in pairs with each other, so that in each case a planetary gear of the first planetary gear set 19 with a planetary gear of the second planetary gear set 20 combs. The planet wheels of the first planetary gear set 19 mesh with the first output sun gear 21 , the planet wheels of the second planetary gear set 20 mesh with the second output sun gear 22 , Without compensating movement, the planetary gear sets 19 . 20 in the block of the planet carrier 16 in the direction of rotation about the main axis H taken. In the event that compensatory movements between the output sun gears 21 . 22 are necessary, so the compensatory movements are implemented by rolling the planet gears of the planetary gear sets 19,20. The first output sun gear 21 is non-rotatable with a first output shaft 23 , the second output sun gear 21 is non-rotatable with a second output shaft 24 connected.

The first output shaft 23 runs coaxially with the drive shafts 11 . 12 to a driven wheel of the vehicle 8th , the second output shaft is running to another driven wheel of the vehicle 8th the same axis.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

planet

2

Through opening

3

bolt

4

Storage facility

5

first component

6

second component

7

shaft shoulder

8th

vehicle

9

Powertrain section

10

electrically driven axle

11

first drive shaft

12

second drive shaft

13

electric motor

14

first sun gear

15

second sun wheel

16

planet carrier

17

differential device

18

ring gear

19

first planetary gear set

20

second planetary set

21

first output sun gear

22

second output sun gear

23

first output shaft

24

second output shaft

25

circlip

H

main axis

Claims (10)

Method for producing a three-stage or multi-stage planet (1), wherein two planetary sections (PA1, PA2) are designed as a first component (5) on which a third planetary section (PA3) is non-rotatably applied as a second component (6), wherein the third planetary section (PA3) is arranged between the first and the second planetary section (PA1, PA2). Method according to Claim 1 , characterized in that the first component (5) is designed as a forged part. Method according to one of Claims 1 or 2 , characterized in that a free inner diameter of the second component (6) is greater than an outer diameter of the first and / or second planetary section (PA1, PA2) is formed. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 3 , characterized in that the second component (6) is applied by welding. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 3 , characterized in that the second component (6) is applied by a toothing, wherein the radial securing is effected by a spline and the axial securing by applying a securing element, in particular a securing ring (25) takes place. Three or more stages planet (1), characterized in that it was produced by a method according to one of the preceding claims and / or that it has a first component (5), wherein on the first component, a first and a second planetary section (PA1 , PA2) is arranged integrally, and that this has a second component (6), wherein on the second component (6) a third planetary section (PA3) is arranged, wherein the third planetary section (PA3) between the first and the second planetary section ( PA1, PA2) is arranged. Three or more stages planet (1) after Claim 6 characterized in that the first planetary section (PA1) has a first outer diameter, the second planetary section (PA2) has a second outer diameter, wherein the first outer diameter (PA1) is greater than the second outer diameter (PA2) and wherein the inner diameter of the second Component (6) is greater than or equal to the second outer diameter. Drive train section (9), characterized by a plurality of three- or multi-stage planet (1) according to one of the preceding claims, with a planet carrier (16), wherein the planets (1) on the planet carrier (16) are rotatably arranged, and with a first and a second drive shaft (11,12), with a first and a second sun gear (14,15), wherein the first sun gear (14) with the first planetary section (11) and the second sun gear (15) with the third planetary section ( PA3), and with a differential device (17), wherein the second planetary section (PA2) forms an input to the differential device (17). Drive train section (9) after Claim 8 , characterized in that the differential means (17) a ring gear (18), two planetary gear sets (19,20) and two output sun gears (21,22), wherein the second planetary portions (PA2) mesh with the ring gear (18), wherein the planet gears of the two planetary gear sets (19,20) are rotatably mounted on the planet carrier (16) in which the planet gears of the two planetary gear sets (19, 20) mesh with each other in pairs, and the planet gears of one planetary gear set (19) mesh with one of the output sun gears (21) and the planetary gears of the other planetary gear set (20) with the other of the output sun gears (22) comb. Electrically driven axle (10) for a vehicle (8), characterized by a drive train section (9) according to one of Claims 8 or 9 ,

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