DE102017223666A1 - Abrasion-resistant fabric adhesive tape - Google Patents

Abstract

A particularly abrasion-resistant fabric for covering elongated material, wherein the fabric is at least partially provided with an adhesive layer on at least one side, is obtained when the thread material of the fabric consists at least partially of elastic fibers. Fibers made entirely or predominantly of polyurethane are particularly well suited.

Description

The invention relates to the use of a fabric for wrapping elongated material, wherein the fabric is at least partially provided with an adhesive layer on at least one side.

In many industrial sectors, bundles of a plurality of electrical leads are wrapped prior to installation or in the already assembled state, in order to reduce the space requirement of the bundle of cables by means of bandaging and to additionally provide protective functions. With film adhesive tapes, a certain protection against liquid access is achieved, with airy and voluminous tapes based on thick nonwovens or foams as a carrier to obtain damping properties, when using abrasion-resistant, stable substrates a protection against scrubbing and rubbing is achieved.

The testing and classification of adhesive tapes for cable sheathing is carried out in the automotive industry according to extensive standards such as the delivery specification LV 312-1 "Protection systems for wiring harnesses in motor vehicles, adhesive tapes; Test Guideline "(10/2009) as a common standard of the companies Daimler, Audi, BMW and Volkswagen or the Ford specification ES-XU5T-1A303-aa (Revision 05/2017)" Harness Tape Performance Specification ". In the following, these standards are shortened to LV 312 or to the Ford specification.

Abrasion resistance is a measure of the rub resistance of adhesive tapes. As a method to determine the abrasion resistance of protective systems in the vehicle electrics, the international Standard ISO 6722 , Chapter 9.3 "Scrape abrasion test" (April 2002 issue). Based on the Standard ISO 6722 the abrasion resistance of adhesive tapes is tested according to LV 312. The specimen with a length of about 10 cm is glued to a 5 or 10 mm thick steel mandrel in one layer in the longitudinal direction. The abrasion tool is a 0.45 mm diameter steel wire, which rubs centrally over the test specimen under a weight load of 7 N. As a measure of Abriebeigenschaften the number of double strokes is determined until the specimen is destroyed. In a fabric, the direction of movement of the steel wire is aligned parallel to the warp threads.

The result of the test is called the abrasion class of the test specimen, mentioning the diameter of the mandrel and the weight load. The adhesive tapes are classified in classes A to F according to Table 1.

With a mandrel diameter of 5 mm, the test specimen is usually destroyed with fewer strokes than when using a mandrel diameter of 10 mm. Therefore, an adhesive tape can achieve, for example, the abrasion class D at 10 mm and the abrasion class C at 5 mm. Table 1: Classification of the abrasion classes according to LV 312 abrasion class Requirement A no abrasion protection <100 strokes B low abrasion protection 100 - 499 strokes C medium abrasion protection 500 - 999 strokes D high abrasion protection 1000 - 4999 strokes E very high abrasion protection 5000 -14999 strokes F extremely high abrasion protection ≥ 15000 strokes

Highly abrasion-resistant adhesive tapes are adhesive tapes with abrasion class D.

Today, mostly single-layer fabric adhesive tapes consisting of a fabric carrier (for example polyester fabric) and an adhesive layer are used for high abrasion protection.

The carrier fabrics are characterized by the thread material (for example polyester yarn), the thread weight of the threads (weight per length, unit dtex, 1 dtex = 1 g / 10000 m thread) and the thread count or number of threads (number of threads per cm).

Fabrics consist of warp threads (longitudinal direction, machine direction, also corresponds to the longitudinal direction of the adhesive tape produced therefrom) and weft threads (transverse threads). The threads are usually in Woven plain weave. Other types of weave include satin weave (also known as satin, which is regular and irregular) and twill weave. Twill-weave twill weaves (for example, a "2 over 1 twill") create what is known as a twill, which runs diagonally to the machine direction. Twill weave fabrics are usually a bit softer than plain weave fabrics. Especially in the diagonal direction, the flexural rigidity is lower. This can be an advantage for tapes made from them.

The fabrics can be subsequently dyed or consist of spun-dyed yarns.

The threads can consist of spun yarns or filament yarns (continuous yarns). Usually filament yarn is used. This consists of a fixed number of individual filaments and can be textured or smooth and point-solidified or unconsolidated.

Fibers are used to make the yarns. There are two different types of fibers.

There are staple fibers (the term staple fibers is used synonymously), which have a limited length.

In addition, there are endless fibers, also called filaments, which have a virtually unlimited length. Filament refers to a textile-technical term, by which a virtually endless fiber produced by chemical-technical means according to various methods is understood as a constituent of filament yarns and cables. Filament yarn of several filaments is called multifilament yarn, filament yarn of only one filament monofilament yarn.

The cross-titer of a fabric is the number of transverse threads (weft threads) per centimeter multiplied by the thread weight of the transverse threads in dtex. The unit is dtex / cm.

Longestiter is the number of longitudinal threads (warp threads) per centimeter multiplied by the thread weight of the longitudinal threads in dtex. The unit is also dtex / cm.

From the yarns used, their number and the type of binding finally results in the basis weight of the fabric.

Polyester fabrics used as a carrier for cable wrapping tapes typically have basis weights between 60 and 180 g / m ² . The abrasion resistance of an adhesive tape increases with the basis weight of the polyester fabric used.

Commercially available cable winding tapes with high abrasion classes are based on solid support materials with correspondingly thick yarns. Commonly used yarn counts amount to 167 to 330 dtex in the machine and transverse directions.

Polyester fabric tapes for cable winding with abrasion protection are known. Under the trade names "tesa® 51026" or "Coroplast 837X" they are used as cable wrapping tapes. They consist of a polyester fabric having a basis weight of 125 to 135 g / m ² and an adhesive layer of 80 to 100 g / m ² . Warp and weft yarns have the same yarn weight of about 167 dtex. Due to the numerous warp threads with high yarn weights, the adhesive tapes are highly abrasion-resistant, thus meeting an abrasion class D according to LV 312 with a 5 mm mandrel diameter.

The disadvantage of these known tapes is that they are very stiff because of the very many and thick warp threads of the fabric used in the longitudinal direction, ie processing direction. A stiffness in the longitudinal direction has in the application of the adhesive tape as a cable winding tape the disadvantage that the adhesive tape ends tend to stand out after some time. This behavior is called flagging or flagging. It is favored by a high stiffness of the adhesive tape in the longitudinal direction and by small diameter of the coated Guts.

The flagging tendency is reduced by a high adhesive strength of the adhesive tape on the own back after the application. A high bond strength requires, inter alia, a high adhesive application of the adhesive tape and an adhesive that is designed for high adhesion.

By using a softer weave of the fabric, such as twill weave, flagging tendency can be reduced because of reduced flexural stiffness.

From the EP 2 298 845 A1 an adhesive tape is known, consisting of a carrier and applied on at least one side adhesive layer, wherein the carrier is a fabric, preferably a polyester fabric.

It is essential to the invention that the quotient of the length-related titer of the transverse threads and the width-related titer of the longitudinal threads is between 2.2 and 6, preferably 2.8 and 4, and the support has a basis weight of greater than or equal to 110 g / m ² has.

The EP 2 441 813 A1 describes an abrasion-resistant adhesive tape with at least one strip-shaped carrier, to which at least on one side an adhesive layer of a pressure-sensitive adhesive is applied. The adhesive layer is completely or partially covered with a liner. As essential to the invention is shown that the carrier is formed by a satin fabric. Furthermore, the satin fabric is characterized with a binding repeat greater than 2 and with a slope number greater than or equal to 1.

The EP 2 050 802 A1 discloses a mechanically stable but at the same time hand tearable adhesive tape. In this tape different yarn materials for warp and weft are used. However, the adhesive tape can only meet the high demands on abrasion resistance to a limited extent.

The object of the invention is to achieve over the prior art, a significant improvement and to provide a band which has the potential for bandaging of individual cables to cable harnesses with high protection against mechanical damage by scrubbing and rubbing on sharp edges, burrs or welds and which at the same time is sufficiently flexible to allow a problem-free sheathing of elongated material. Furthermore, it is desirable that the material has the lowest possible strength and protection against abrasion.

This object is achieved by the use of a fabric, as characterized in the main claim. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are described in the subclaims. Further, a fabric sheathed wire harness is included in the invention.

Accordingly, the invention relates to a use of the type mentioned, wherein the thread material of the fabric consists at least partially of elastic fibers.

Elastic fibers are understood to mean those which are reversibly extensible without plastically deforming. The degree of elasticity can be carried out according to DIN 53835 Part 1 to 4, wherein the specimen is loaded and after the relief, the recovery and the deformation is measured to the original state. This test refers to yarns and does not describe the fabric, which can also achieve elasticity through weave.

In particular, elastane fibers, elastodiene fibers, elastolefin fibers, elastomultiester fibers or rubber fibers are used as elastic fibers. Elastane fibers are synthetic filament yarns which consist of at least 85% by weight of polyurethane (PU). They are available under the trademarks Lycra®, Dorlastan®, creora® or Linel®.

Surprisingly, it is found that it is possible, when using fabric carriers in which the thread material is at least partially made of elastic material, a high abrasion resistance can be achieved, the fabric remains flexible at the same time to ensure good processing. As abrasion resistance while the abrasion class D is reached, measured on a 10 mm mandrel according to the standard LV 312 and also the abrasion class D, measured on a mandrel with 5 mm diameter according to LV 312.

In a particularly suitable embodiment, the weft threads at least partially consist of elastic fibers. In the warp direction known yarns are used with the usual lower stretch properties and no elasticity. In this way, conventional looms can be used, and the fabric can also be processed in conventional coating equipment and cutting equipment, especially in those in which is withdrawn over the longitudinal direction. This gives a fabric which has great elasticity in one direction, but good strength in the other direction.

Due to the elasticity of the fabric is particularly elastic and has good recovery properties. Surprisingly, this also means that the fabric is particularly resistant to abrasion. This can be explained by the fact that the fabric can stretch slightly elastically in the abrasion load and thus can withstand the load over a longer period of time.

Particularly advantageously, the weft threads at least partially made of polyurethane. Polyurethanes have the following general formula:

They are particularly elastic and thereby cause the fabric is particularly elastic and has good restoring properties.

Particularly preferably, a thread is used as the weft thread, which has a core of polyurethane (so-called "core yarn"), this core being wrapped with at least one filament of at least one further material, this material being selected from the group consisting of Cotton, viscose, polyester, polyamide and polyolefin, with polyester being particularly preferred. The other material is loosely wrapped around the polyurethane core. Thus, for a given length of the polyurethane core, the weft thread has at least one filament of another material that is of greater length. Preferably, the length of the filament of other material is such that it corresponds at least to the length of the polyurethane core at its maximum extent.

As the material for the warp yarns, polyester yarns, polyamide yarns, polyolefin yarns, viscose yarns, cotton yarns or blended yarns of the above-mentioned materials are particularly suitable, with polyester yarns being particularly preferred. These materials give the fabric good strength; they also ensure that the fabrics can be easily produced on conventional looms and processed on conventional coating equipment and cutting equipment.

Under blended yarns according to the invention is understood that the yarns for the warp and / or weft threads consist of different materials.

The warp threads preferably have a yarn weight of 80 to 280 dtex, preferably 150 to 230 dtex. More preferably, the weft threads have a yarn weight of 100 to 500 dtex, more preferably 180 to 280 dtex

If core yarns are used, those having a yarn weight of the core yarn between 180 and 420 dtex, in particular 180 to 320 dtex, particularly suitable 200 to 270 dtex, and a yarn weight of the covering yarn of 10 to 80 dtex, especially 15 to 60 dtex and especially suitably 20 to 40 dtex, more preferred.

According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the number of threads in the chain 34 to 60 / cm, preferably 42 to 55 / cm, and in particular 50 to 54 / cm.

According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the number of threads in the weft 15 to 30 / cm, preferably 20 to 27 / cm, and in particular 22 to 26 / cm.

The threads can consist of spun yarns or filament yarns (continuous yarns). Usually filament yarn is used. This consists of a fixed number of individual filaments and can be textured or smooth and point-solidified or unconsolidated. The fabrics can be subsequently dyed or consist of spun-dyed yarns.

More preferably, the thickness of the fabric is at most 400 microns, more preferably 180 to 280 microns, most preferably 220 to 280 microns.

According to the invention, the term "thickness" is understood to mean the extent of the relevant layer or phase along the z-ordinate of an imaginary coordinate system, in which Machine direction and the transverse direction to the machine direction spanned plane forms the xy plane. It is measured according to DIN EN 1942.

The carrier has according to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, a basis weight of up to 200 g / m ² , preferably 40 to 200 g / m ² , particularly preferably 110 to 160 g / m ² .

The adhesive application, based on the adhesive tape surface, is preferably between 40 and 160 g / m ² , preferably between 50 and 100 g / m ² , more preferably between 60 and 90 g / m ² .

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the adhesive tape has a. Maximum tensile force, measured after DIN EN 14410 , of less than 350 N / cm, preferably between 150 to 280 N / cm.

In order to produce an adhesive tape from the carrier, all known adhesive systems can be used. In addition to natural or synthetic rubber-based adhesives, it is possible in particular to use silicone adhesives and also polyacrylate adhesives, the latter being particularly preferred. The same adhesive systems are also used for the adhesive strip (s) on a sleeve.

The adhesive is preferably a pressure-sensitive adhesive, ie a viscoelastic composition which remains permanently tacky and adhesive at room temperature in a dry state. The bonding takes place by light pressure immediately on almost all substrates.

An adhesive which is particularly suitable is a low molecular weight acrylate hot melt pressure-sensitive adhesive, such as that supplied under the name acResin UV by BASF. This adhesive with a low K value obtains its application-oriented properties through a final radiation-induced crosslinking.

Other excellent adhesives are in the EP 2 520 627 A1 , the EP 2 522 705 A1 , the EP 2 520 628 A1 , the EP 2 695 926 A1 and the EP 2 520 629 A1 described.

1. (a) 95,0 bis 100,0 Gew.-% n-Butylacrylat und/oder 2-Ethylhexylacrylat
2. (b) 0,0 bis 5,0 Gew.-% eines ethylenisch ungesättigten Monomers mit einer Säure- oder Säureanhydridfunktion

Particularly preferred is a pressure-sensitive adhesive in the form of a dried polymer dispersion, wherein the polymer is composed of:

1. (a) 95.0 to 100.0% by weight of n-butyl acrylate and / or 2-ethylhexyl acrylate
2. (b) 0.0 to 5.0% by weight of an ethylenically unsaturated monomer having an acid or acid anhydride function

Preferably, the polymer consists of 95.0 to 99.5% by weight of n-butyl acrylate and / or 2-ethylhexyl acrylate and 0.5 to 5% by weight of an ethylenically unsaturated monomer having an acid or acid anhydride function, more preferably 98 , 0 to 99.0 wt .-% of n-butyl acrylate and / or 2-ethylhexyl acrylate and 1.0 to 2.0 wt .-% of an ethylenically unsaturated monomer having an acid or acid anhydride function.

In addition to the listed acrylate polymers, tackifiers and / or additives such as light stabilizers or aging inhibitors may additionally be added to the PSA in addition to any residual monomers present. In particular, no further polymers such as elastomers are contained in the pressure-sensitive adhesive, that is to say that the polymers of the pressure-sensitive adhesive consist only of the monomers (a) and (b) in the stated proportions.

Preferably, n-butyl acrylate forms the monomer (a).

wobei R³ = H oder CH₃ ist, bevorzugt wird gegebenenfalls die Mischung aus Acrylsäure oder Methacrylsäure verwendet. Besonders bevorzugt ist Acrylsäure.Suitable monomers (b) are, for example, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, itaconic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid and / or maleic anhydride.
Preference is given to (meth) acrylic acid of the formula I,

wherein R ³ = H or CH ₃ , preferably the mixture of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid is preferably used. Particularly preferred is acrylic acid.

1. (a) 95,0 bis 100,0 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 95,0 bis 99,5 Gew.-%, weiter vorzugsweise 98,0 bis 99,0 Gew.-% n-Butylacrylat und
2. (b) 0,0 bis 5,0 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 0,5 bis 5,0 Gew.-%, weiter vorzugsweise 1,0 bis 2,0 Gew.-% Acrylsäure

According to a particularly preferred variant, the polymer has the following composition:

1. (A) 95.0 to 100.0 wt .-%, preferably 95.0 to 99.5 wt .-%, more preferably 98.0 to 99.0 wt .-% of n-butyl acrylate and
2. (b) 0.0 to 5.0% by weight, preferably 0.5 to 5.0% by weight, more preferably 1.0 to 2.0% by weight of acrylic acid

The polymer dispersion is prepared by the process of emulsion polymerization of said components. Descriptions of this procedure can be found for example in "Emulsion Polymerization and Emulsion Polymers" by Peter A. Lovell and Mohamed S. El-Aasser - Wiley-VCH 1997 - ISBN 0-471-96746-7 or in EP 1 378 527 B1 ,

During the polymerization, it can not be ruled out that not all monomers are converted into polymers. It is obvious that the residual monomer content should be as small as possible. Preference is given to adhesives comprising the polymer dispersion having a residual monomer content of less than or equal to 1% by weight, in particular less than or equal to 0.5% by weight (based on the mass of the dried polymer dispersion).

By "adhesive resin" is meant, in accordance with the general understanding of the art, an oligomeric or polymeric resin which increases the autoadhesion (tack, inherent tack) of the pressure-sensitive adhesive compared to the otherwise non-adhesive-containing, otherwise identical pressure-sensitive adhesive.

The use of tackifiers to increase the bond strengths of PSAs is basically known. This effect also occurs when the adhesive is added up to 15 parts by weight (corresponding to <15 parts by weight), or from 5 to 15 parts by weight of tackifier (based on the mass of the dried polymer dispersion). Preferably, 5 to 12, more preferably 6 to 10 parts by weight of tackifier (based on the mass of the dried polymer dispersion) are added.

In principle, all known substance classes are suitable as tackifiers, also referred to as tackifier resins. Tackifiers are, for example, hydrocarbon resins (for example polymers based on unsaturated C ₅ or Cg monomers), terpene-phenolic resins, polyolefin resins based on raw materials such as α- or β-pinene, aromatic resins such as coumarone-indene resins or styrene-based resins or α-methylstyrene such as rosin and its derivatives, for example disproportionated, dimerized or esterified rosin, for example reaction products with glycol, glycerol or pentaerythritol, to name only a few. Preference is given to resins without readily oxidizable double bonds, such as terpene-phenolic resins, aromatic resins and particularly preferably resins which are prepared by hydrogenation, for example hydrogenated aromatic resins, hydrogenated polycyclopentadiene resins, hydrogenated rosin derivatives or hydrogenated polyterpene resins.

Preference is given to resins based on terpene phenols and rosin esters. Also preferred are tackifier resins having a softening point above 80 ° C according to ASTM E28-99 (2009). Particular preference is given to resins based on terpene phenols and rosin esters having a softening point above 90 ° C. according to ASTM E28-99 (2009). The resins are expediently used in dispersion form. They can be mixed so easily with the polymer dispersion finely divided.

Particularly preferred is the variant in which no adhesive resins are added to the PSA. Surprisingly and unpredictably for the person skilled in the art, the lack of adhesive resins in the adhesive tape does not lead-as the person skilled in the art would expect-to an insufficient bond strength. In addition, the flagging behavior is surprisingly no worse.

• • Kohlenwasserstoffharze (zum Beispiel Polymere auf Basis ungesättigter C₅- oder Cg-Monomere)
• • Terpenphenolharze
• • Polyterpenharze auf Basis von Rohstoffen wie zum Beispiel α- oder ß-Pinen
• • aromatische Harze wie Cumaron-Inden-Harze oder Harze auf Basis Styrol oder α-Methylstyrol wie Kolophonium und seine Folgeprodukte, zum Beispiel disproportioniertes, dimerisiertes oder verestertes Kolophonium, zum Beispiel Umsetzungsprodukte mit Glycol, Glycerin oder Pentaerythrit

In particular, the following substances are not added to the PSA:

• Hydrocarbon resins (for example polymers based on unsaturated C ₅ or Cg monomers)
• • terpene phenolic resins
• • Polyterpene resins based on raw materials such as α- or β-pinene
• Aromatic resins such as cumarone-indene resins or styrene-based or α-methylstyrene-based resins such as rosin and its derivatives, for example disproportionated, dimerized or esterified rosin, for example reaction products with glycol, glycerol or pentaerythritol

Also preferably, the adhesive coating consists of an adhesive based on synthetic rubber, namely in particular an adhesive of at least one vinyl aromatic block copolymer and at least one adhesive resin. Typical use concentrations for the block copolymer are in a concentration in the range between 30 wt .-% and 70 wt .-%, in particular in the range between 35 wt .-% and 55 wt .-%.

Other polymers which may be based on pure hydrocarbons such as unsaturated polydienes such as natural or synthetically produced polyisoprene or polybutadiene, chemically substantially saturated elastomers such as saturated ethylene-propylene copolymers, α-olefin copolymers, polyisobutylene, butyl rubber, ethylene-propylene rubber and chemically functionalized hydrocarbons such as halogenated, acrylate-containing or vinyl ether-containing polyolefins may be present, which can replace the vinyl aromatic block copolymers up to half.

Adhesive resins which are compatible with the elastomer block of the styrene block copolymers serve as tackifiers.

As further additives, it is typically possible to use light stabilizers, for example UV absorbers, sterically hindered amines, antiozonants, metal deactivators, processing aids, endblock-enhancing resins.

Plasticizers such as liquid resins, plasticizer oils or low molecular weight liquid polymers such as low molecular weight polyisobutylenes with molecular weights <1500 g / mol (number average) or liquid EPDM types are typically used.

Fillers such as silica, glass (ground or in the form of spheres), aluminas, zinc oxides, calcium carbonates, titanium dioxides, carbon blacks, to name but a few, as well as colored pigments and dyes and optical brighteners may also be used.

Usually, primary and secondary antioxidants are added to pressure-sensitive adhesives in order to improve their aging stability. Primary antioxidants react with oxi- and peroxiradicals, which can form in the presence of oxygen, and react with them to less reactive compounds. Secondary antioxidants, for example, reduce hydroperoxides to alcohols. As is known, there is a synergistic effect between primary and secondary anti-aging agents, so that the protective effect of a mixture is often greater than the sum of the two individual effects.

If a low flammability of the described adhesive tape is desired, it can be achieved by adding flame retardants to the carrier and / or the adhesive. These may be bromoorganic compounds, if necessary with synergists such as antimony trioxide, but in view of the freedom from halogens of the adhesive, red phosphorus, organophosphorus, mineral or intumescent compounds such as ammonium polyphosphate alone or in combination with synergists are preferably used.

The preparation and processing of the PSAs can be carried out from solution, dispersion and from the melt. Preferred production and processing methods are carried out from the melt. For the latter case, suitable manufacturing processes include both batch processes and continuous processes.

The adhesive may be applied partially, for example in the longitudinal direction of the adhesive tape in the form of a strip, which has a smaller width than the carrier of the adhesive tape.

Depending on the application, it is also possible for a plurality of parallel strips of the adhesive to be coated on the carrier material.

The position of the strip on the carrier is freely selectable, with an arrangement directly on one of the edges of the carrier being preferred.

On the adhesive coating of the carrier at least one strip of cover may be provided which extends in the longitudinal direction of the adhesive tape and which cover between 20% and 80% of the adhesive coating.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, exactly one strip of the cover is present on the adhesive coating.

The position of the strip on the adhesive coating is arbitrary, with an arrangement directly on one of the longitudinal edges of the carrier is preferred. In this way, an adhesive strip extending in the longitudinal direction of the adhesive tape results, which terminates with the other longitudinal edge of the carrier.

If the tape is used to cover a wire harness by the tape is guided in a spiral movement around the wiring harness, the sheathing of the wiring harness can be such that the adhesive of the tape is glued only on the tape itself, while the good with no glue in Touch comes.

The thus-sheathed wire harness has a very high flexibility due to the lack of fixation of the cables by any adhesive. Thus, its bending ability during installation - especially in narrow passages or sharp turns - significantly increased.

If a certain fixation of the adhesive tape on the material is desired, the sheath can be made such that the adhesive strip is glued to a part on the tape itself and to another part on the estate.

According to another advantageous embodiment, the strip is applied centrally on the adhesive coating, resulting in two adhesive strips extending on the longitudinal edges of the carrier in the longitudinal direction of the adhesive tape.

For the safe and economical application of the adhesive tape in said spiraling movement around the cable harness and against the sliding of the resulting protective sheath, the two adhesive strips respectively present at the longitudinal edges of the adhesive tape are advantageous, especially if one, which is usually narrower than the second strip, than Fixing aid is used and the second, wider strip serves as a closure. In this way, the tape is glued to the cable so that the cable set is secured against slipping and yet flexible design.

In addition, there are embodiments in which more than one strip of the cover is applied to the adhesive coating. If only a strip is mentioned, the expert reads in mind that quite a few strips can cover the adhesive coating at the same time.

Preferably, the strip covers a total of between 50% and 80% of the adhesive coating. The degree of coverage is selected depending on the application and the diameter of the cable set.

Particularly preferably, one or two adhesive strips remain whose total width makes up 20 to 50% of the width of the carrier.

Particularly advantageous is a variant in which two adhesive tape strips are respectively present in the edge region of the carrier, which extend in the machine direction. The edges of the carrier or the outer edges of the adhesive tape strips are preferably positioned edge-to-edge.

Based on the width of the carrier in the transverse direction, the sum of the widths of the adhesive composition strips is at most 50% of the width of the carrier.

Preferably, the strips have the same width.

In particular, when the adhesive coating is not carried out over the entire surface, but, for example, strip-shaped, the percentages given refer to the width of the strips of the covering with respect to the width of the carrier, that is to say according to the invention, the strip or strips of the covering have a width which makes up between 20 and 80% of the width of the carrier.

The adhesives produced in this way can then be applied to the carrier by the generally known methods. When processed from the melt, these can be application methods via a nozzle or a calender.

In solution processes, coatings with doctor blades, knives or nozzles are known, to name just a few.

It is also possible to transfer the adhesive from an anti-adhesive carrier cloth or release liner to the carrier composite.

On the back of the adhesive tape, a backside lacquer can be applied to favorably influence the unwinding properties of the adhesive tape wound on the Archimedean spiral. This backcoat can be equipped with silicone or fluorosilicone compounds as well as with Polyvinylstearylcarbamat, Polyethyleniminstearylcarbamid or fluoroorganic compounds as abhesive substances. If anything, the back coat should be used sparingly so as not to provoke flagging of the later taped adhesive tape.

For the purposes of this invention, the general term "adhesive tape" encompasses all flat structures such as films or film sections which are expanded in two dimensions, tapes of extended length and limited width, strip sections and the like, and ultimately also diecuts or labels.

The adhesive tape can be rolled up on itself in the form of a roll, that is to say in the form of an Archimedean spiral, and also produced with adhesive materials such as siliconized paper or siliconized film. As a release material is preferably a non-fluffing material such as a plastic film or a well-glued, long-fiber paper.

Preferably, the adhesive tape is used for covering elongate material, in particular cable harnesses, wherein the elongated material is enveloped in the axial direction by the adhesive tape or the adhesive tape is guided in a helical movement around the elongated product. This results in the shape of a helix (also called screw, helix, cylindrical spiral or helix, helix is a curve that winds with constant pitch around the mantle of a cylinder).

Finally, the concept of the invention also includes an elongated product encased with an adhesive tape according to the invention. Preferably, the elongated product is a harness.

In cable harness manufacturing, slight strains occur due to the shape of the cable strands. The elasticity of the fabric / adhesive tape according to the invention in the transverse direction leads to a particularly good nestling of the adhesive tape to the cable form. Even with transitions from thin to thicker sections, the adhesive tape is snug and form-tracking.

Due to the excellent suitability of the adhesive tape, it can be used in a sheathing, which consists of a covering, in which at least in an edge region of the covering the self-adhesive tape is present, which is glued to the covering, that the tape over one of Longitudinal edges of the covering extends, and preferably in a narrow compared to the width of the covering edge region. Such an embodiment is referred to as a "sleeve".

In the sleeve application, there is a piece of fabric, and parallel to the warp thread adhesive is applied on one side on both lateral ends of the fabric or adhesive tape is laminated. In the application, the starting side is then applied with the adhesive tape parallel to the running direction of the cable and wound in the transverse direction around the cable set. Here a cuddly winding and the achievement of a flexible cable set are desirable.

Such a product as well as optimized embodiments thereof will be described in the EP 1 312 097 A1 disclosed. In the EP 1 300 452 A2 , the DE 102 29 527 A1 as well as the WO 2006 108 871 A1 Further developments are shown, for which the adhesive tape according to the invention is likewise very well suited. Likewise, the adhesive tape of the invention can be used in a process such as the EP 1 367 608 A2 disclosed.

Finally, describe the WO 2016/023921 A1 , the WO 2016/045890 A1 , the EP 2 627 539 A1 , the EP 1 315 781 A1 as well as the DE 10 2014 114 794 A1 and the DE 103 29 994 A1 Embodiments of adhesive tapes, as are also possible for the inventive adhesive tape.

Some of the above-mentioned sheaths also contain adhesive-free carriers in addition to carriers which are equipped with adhesive or adhesive tape. According to a preferred variant, these carriers then also consist of the carrier described according to the invention. Preferably, all textile carriers in the constructions consist of the carrier described according to the invention.

In the following, the adhesive tape will be explained in more detail with reference to several figures without intending to cause any restriction whatsoever.

Show it

• 1 the tape in the side cut,
• 2 the tissue forming the carrier,
• 3a a detail of a wire harness, which is composed of a bundling of individual cables and which is coated with the adhesive tape according to the invention,
• 3b a detail of a wire harness, which is composed of a bundling of individual cables and which is coated with the adhesive tape according to the invention,
• 4 a photograph of the inventive elastic fabric with exposed warp yarn,
• 5 a photograph of the elastic fabric according to the invention with exposed weft yarn,
• 6 a photograph of a weft thread (elastic polyurethane core, wrapped with PET yarn) of the elastic fabric according to the invention in the unstretched state,
• 7 a photograph of a weft thread (elastic polyurethane core, wrapped with PET yarn) of the elastic fabric according to the invention in the stretched state,

In the 1 is an adhesive tape according to the invention shown in the lateral section, which consists of a fabric carrier 10 consists of on the one side a layer of a self-adhesive coating 12 is applied.

2 this shows the wearer 10 forming tissues in detail. The fabric is characterized by the fact that the weft threads, which are shown here more broadly, consist at least partially of polyurethane and are therefore elastic.

In the 3a and 3b In each case a section of a wiring harness is shown, resulting from a bundling of individual cables 7 composed and which is coated with the adhesive tape according to the invention. The tape is guided in a spiral movement around the wiring harness.

The in 3a shown section of the wiring harness shows two windings I and II of the adhesive tape. To the left, further windings would extend, these are not shown here. On the adhesive coating is a strip 5 the covering provided so that extending in the longitudinal direction of the tape adhesive strip 6 results. Non-adhesive areas alternate 11 . 21 . 23 of adhesive tape with adhesive areas 12 . 22 . 24 from. (The sections 22 . 24 are in contrast to the exposed adhesive 12 not visible from the outside, which is why the denser hatching is chosen for illustration.)

The sheathing of the wiring harness is such that the Klebemassestreifen 6 completely glued on the tape. A bond with the cables 7 is excluded.

The in 3b shown section of the wiring harness shows two windings I and II of the adhesive tape. To the left, further windings would extend, these are not shown here.

The adhesive coating 12 is on the fabric carrier 10 applied. The adhesive tape produced in this way is guided in a spiral movement around the cables, the previous adhesive tape layer on the cable with the supplied adhesive tape being covered by 20 to 50%, based on the width of the adhesive tape. (The sections 22 . 24 are in contrast to the exposed adhesive 12 not visible from the outside, which is why the denser hatching is chosen for illustration.)

4 shows a photo of the elastic fabric of the adhesive tape according to the invention in 25-fold magnification, wherein the warp yarn is exposed by the weft threads were removed. 5 on the other hand shows a photo of the elastic fabric of the adhesive tape according to the invention in 25-fold magnification, in which the weft yarn is exposed and the warp threads were removed. One recognizes very well the structure of the weft thread, which consists of a core around which another thread is wound.

Detailed is the weft in 6 and 7 shown. It shows 6 the weft in unstretched, 7 the weft in stretched condition. On display is a core of elastic polyurethane yarn wrapped in PET yarn. While the winding in the unstretched state ( 6 ) is relatively narrow, it is in the stretched state significantly further apart. In this way, the non-elastic PET threads can join in the expansion of the polyurethane thread, without restricting the expansion or even tearing.

In the following, the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to some examples and comparative examples, without wishing to limit the invention in any way.

• • Flächengewichte der Gewebe und der Klebmassebeschichtung nach DIN EN ISO 2286-1
• • Garngewicht nach DIN 53830 T3
• • Fadenzahl nach DIN EN 1049 Teil 2
• • Höchstzugkraft und Höchstzugkraftdehnung der Gewebe und Klebebänder in Längsrichtung nach DIN EN 14410 am Maximum der Reißdehnungskurve (Einspannlänge 100 mm, Zuggeschwindigkeit 300 mm/min)
• • Klebkraft nach DIN EN 1939
• • Dicke der Gewebe und Klebebänder nach DIN EN 1942 / AFERA 4006
• • Abriebfestigkeit nach LV312-1 und ISO 6722 .
• • Die Biegesteifigkeit wurde gemessen nach LV312-1 .

The measurements take place according to the following standards:

• • Basis weights of the fabrics and the adhesive coating according to DIN EN ISO 2286-1
• • Yarn weight according to DIN 53830 T3
• • Number of threads according to DIN EN 1049 Part 2
• • Maximum tensile strength and maximum tensile strength of the woven and adhesive tapes in the longitudinal direction according to DIN EN 14410 at the maximum of the ultimate elongation curve (clamping length 100 mm, pulling speed 300 mm / min)
• • Adhesive force after DIN EN 1939
• • Thickness of tissues and tapes after DIN EN 1942 / AFERA 4006
• • abrasion resistance after LV312-1 and ISO 6722 ,
• • The bending stiffness was measured according to LV312-1 ,

The samples were produced in each case by first weaving, on a loom with predetermined warp threads (see description of the respective examples), a piece of precursor fabric in which a conventional thread was used as the weft thread. Then the weft thread was changed and a thread with polyhedron core was used (fabric according to the invention). The conclusion was a Nachläufergewebe, which in turn a conventional thread was used as weft.

An adhesive was applied to the fabrics produced in this way, as described for the individual examples.

Example 1:

Cotton fabric V1A in warp and weft / precursor: FG 98g / m ² Fabric E1 according to the invention with TPU yarn in weft direction: FG 148 g / m ²

Web image jumps in laterally (the stretchy yarn becomes underneath and jumps in width after the loom) tension woven Cotton fabric V1B in warp and weft FG 100 g / m ² Fabric V2A with increased number of warp threads on canvas FG 144 g / m ² Fabric V2B with increased warp count on Panama FG 142 g / m ²

Fabric description:

binding Number of chain Yarn chain Number shot Yarn shot Basis weight Precursor fabric V1A cotton in warp and weft (comparison) canvas 35 / cm Bw Nm 63 160 dtex 25 / cm BW Nm 63 160 dtex 98 g / m ² Pattern Lycra Fabric E1 complies with PU in the weft canvas 53 / cm Bw Nm 63 160 dtex 27 / cm Lycra 235 dtex plus PET 22 dtex 148 g / m ² Trailing Fabric V1B Cotton in Warp and Weft (Comparative) Panama 36 / cm Bw Nm 63 160 dtex 23 / cm BW Nm 63 160 dtex 100 g / m ² Increased weight: fabric V2A cotton in warp and weft canvas 53 / cm Bw Nm 63 160 dtex 25 / cm BW Nm 63 160 dtex 144 g / m ² Increased weight: fabric V2B cotton in warp and weft Panama 52 / cm Bw Nm 63 160 dtex 24 / cm BW Nm 63 160 dtex 142 g / m ²

Sample production:

Coating with Acrylathotmelt 85 g / m ² adhesive with UV cross-linking, so that a sufficiently high adhesive adhesion is achieved. Abrasion number of strokes Maximum tensile strength N / cm Maximum tensile strength elongation% dL (5N / cm)% dL (10N / cm)% ISO6722 to 5mm mandrel, 7N load DIN EN ISO 13934-1 DIN EN ISO 13934-1 Elongation at 5N / cm tensile load Elongation at 10N / cm tensile load along along along along Fabric V1A 95 130 19 3.3 4.5 E1 tissue 650 170 19 4.0 5.0 Fabric V1B 60 142 19 2.8 3.6 Fabric V2A 170 190 19 2.9 4.1 Fabric V2B 113 203 19 2.6 3.5 crosswise crosswise crosswise crosswise Fabric V1A , --- 76 12.4 4.9 6.5 E1 tissue , --- No break with this standard No break with this standard 54 66 Fabric V1B , --- 75 13 5.2 6.7 Fabric V2A , --- 77 12 4.7 6.2 Fabric V2B , --- 74 14 4.9 6.4

Example 2:

Fabric description: Fabric Number of chain Yarn chain Number shot Yarn shot grammage Polyester V3A in warp and weft canvas 35 / cm PET 167 dtex 24 / cm PET 167 dtex 104 g / m ² Cotton fabric V3B in warp and weft canvas 48 / cm PET 167 dtex 24 / cm PET 167 dtex 130 g / m ² Fabric E2 complies with PU yarn in the weft canvas 50 / cm PET 167 dtex 26 / cm Lycra 235 dtex plus PET 22 dtex 148 g / m ²

Sample production:

Coating with AcResin 85 g / m ² / Acrylathotmelt Adhesive with UV cross-linking, so that a sufficiently high adhesive adhesion is achieved: Testing on the tape: Abrasion number of strokes Maximum tensile strength N / cm Maximum tensile elongation% dL (5N / cm)% dL (10N / cm)% ISO6722 on 5mm dome, 7N load DIN EN ISO 13934-1 DIN EN ISO 13934-1 Elongation at 5N / cm tensile load Elongation at 10N / cm tensile load along along along along Fabric V3A 840 195 38 0.6 1.1 Fabric V3B 1156 258 33 0.6 1.0 E3 fabric 4230 273 36 0.6 1.3 crosswise crosswise crosswise crosswise Fabric V3A , --- 152 26.5 1.2 2.3 Fabric V3B , --- 144 25.3 1.3 2.3 E3 fabric , --- No break with this standard No break with this standard 49 61

The examples show that the abrasion resistance of the fabrics according to the invention is significantly higher, namely by a factor of 3.5 to 6, than that of conventional fabrics. Furthermore, the fabrics according to the invention in the transverse direction, in which the properties of the weft thread have an effect, have significantly greater values for elongation at a defined tensile load of 5 or 10 N / cm.

Bending stiffness of wound cable harnesses:

Cable sets should have a sufficiently high flexibility for easy installation. In a sample test according to LV312-1, from 40 lines (1.0 mm ² ) with a length of 300 mm, test specimens are produced with the tapes to be tested (preferably 19 mm) with a spiral wrap at 50% overlap. In a 3-point bending test with a distance of the outer points of 100 mm, the maximum force is measured: Fabric coated with Arylic Hotmelt Flexibility test Maximum force after winding Flexibility test Maximum force after short-term storage 10d at 150 ° C Fabric V1A No test, as cotton is not sufficiently temperature stable E1 tissue Fabric V1B Fabric V2A Fabric V2B Fabric 3VA 139 N 175 N 3VB fabric 141 N 180 N Fabric 3E 115 N 131 N

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• EP 2298845A1
• EP 2441813 A1 [0027]
• EP 2050802 A1 [0028]
• EP 2520627 A1 [0055]
• EP 2522705 A1 [0055]
• EP 2520628 A1 [0055]
• EP 2695926 A1 [0055]
• EP 2520629 A1 [0055]
• EP 1312097 A1 [0107]
• EP 1300452 A2 [0107]
• DE 10229527 A1 [0107]
• WO 2006108871 A1 [0107]
• EP 1367608 A2 [0107]
• WO 2016/023921 A1 [0108]
• WO 2016/045890 A1 [0108]
• EP 2627539 A1 [0108]
• EP 1315781 A1 [0108]
• DE 102014114794 A1 [0108]
• DE 10329994 A1 [0108]

Cited non-patent literature

• Standard ISO 6722 [0004]
• DIN EN 14410 [0051]
• "Emulsion Polymerization and Emulsion Polymers" by Peter A. Lovell and Mohamed S. El-Aasser - Wiley-VCH 1997 - ISBN 0-471-96746-7 or in EP 1 378 527 B1 [0061]
• DIN EN 1939 [0122]
• DIN EN 1942 / AFERA 4006 [0122]
• LV312-1 and ISO 6722 [0122]
• LV312-1 [0122]
• DIN EN ISO 13934-1 [0126, 0128]

Claims (14)

Use of a fabric for covering elongated material, wherein the fabric is at least partially provided with an adhesive layer on at least one side, characterized in that the thread material of the fabric consists at least partially of elastic fibers. Use after Claim 1 , characterized in that the weft threads of the fabric at least partially consist of elastic fibers. Use after Claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that the weft threads consist at least partially of polyurethane. Use according to at least one of Claims 1 to 3 , characterized in that the weft threads have a core of polyurethane and this core is wrapped with at least one filament of at least one further material, this material is selected from the group consisting of cotton, viscose, polyester, polyamide and polyolefin, wherein polyester is particularly preferred. Use according to at least one of Claims 1 to 4 , characterized in that polyester yarns, polyamide yarns, polyolefin yarns, viscose yarns, cotton yarns or blended yarns of said materials are used as the warp yarns, with polyester yarns being particularly preferred. Use according to at least one of Claims 1 to 5 , characterized in that the number of threads in the warp 34 to 60 / cm, preferably 42 to 55 / cm, in particular 50 to 54 / cm, and the number of threads in the weft 15 to 30 / cm, preferably 20 to 27 / cm, in particular 22nd to 26 / cm. Use according to at least one of Claims 1 to 6 , characterized in that the adhesive layer is a self-adhesive layer, preferably based on natural or synthetic rubber, acrylate or silicone, with acrylate being particularly preferred. Use according to at least one of Claims 1 to 7 , characterized in that the adhesive application, based on the adhesive tape surface, between 40 and 160 g / m ² , preferably between 50 and 100 g / m ² , more preferably between 60 and 90 g / m ² . Use according to at least one of Claims 1 to 8th , characterized in that the thickness of the carrier, measured according to DIN EN 1942, a maximum of 400 microns, more preferably 180 to 280 microns, most preferably 220 to 280 microns. Use according to at least one of Claims 1 to 9 , characterized in that the carrier has a basis weight of up to 200 g / m ² , preferably 40 to 200 g / m ² , particularly preferably 110 to 160 g / m ² . Use according to at least one of Claims 1 to 10 , characterized in that the abrasion resistance of the adhesive tape, measured on a mandrel with a diameter of 10 mm according to LV 312, at least the abrasion class D and / or the abrasion resistance of the adhesive tape, measured on a mandrel with 5 mm diameter according to LV 312, at least the abrasion class D Fulfills. Use according to at least one of Claims 1 to 11 , characterized in that the tissue is guided in a helical line around the elongated material. Use according to at least one of Claims 1 to 11 , characterized in that the elongated material is enveloped in the axial direction of the tissue. Elongated goods, in particular a cable set, encased according to a use according to one of Claims 1 to 13 ,

Images