DE102017223666B4 - Use of a fabric for an abrasion resistant fabric adhesive tape - Google Patents

Abstract

Use of a fabric for covering elongate goods, the fabric being at least partially provided with an adhesive layer on at least one side, characterized in that the weft threads of the fabric consist at least partially of elastic fibers made of polyurethane.

Description

The invention relates to the use of a fabric for covering elongate goods, the fabric being at least partially provided with an adhesive layer on at least one side.

In many industrial sectors, bundles of a large number of electrical cables are wrapped before installation or in an already assembled state in order to reduce the space requirement of the cable bundle by bandaging and to achieve additional protective functions. With film adhesive tapes, a certain protection against the ingress of liquid is achieved, with airy and voluminous adhesive tapes based on thick non-woven fabrics or foams as a carrier, dampening properties are obtained, when using abrasion-resistant, stable carrier materials, a protective function against chafing and rubbing is achieved.

In the automotive industry, the testing and classification of adhesive tapes for cable sheathing is based on extensive standards such as the delivery specification LV 312-1 “Protection systems for wiring harnesses in motor vehicles, adhesive tapes; Test Guideline" (10/2009) as a common standard of the companies Daimler, Audi, BMW and Volkswagen or the Ford specification ES-XU5T-1A303-aa (Revision 05/2017) "Harness Tape Performance Specification). In the following, these standards are abbreviated to LV 312 or the Ford specification.

Abrasion resistance is a measure of the abrasion resistance of adhesive tapes.
The international standard ISO 6722, Chapter 9.3 "Scrape abrasion test" (April 2002 edition) has become established as a method for determining the abrasion resistance of protective systems in vehicle electrical systems. Based on the ISO 6722 standard, the abrasion resistance of adhesive tapes is tested according to LV 312. The test specimen with a length of approx. 10 cm is glued lengthwise in a single layer onto a 5 or 10 mm thick steel mandrel. A steel wire with a diameter of 0.45 mm is used as the abrasion tool, which rubs the center of the test specimen under a weight load of 7 N. The number of double rubs until the test specimen is destroyed is determined as a measure of the abrasion properties. In a woven fabric, the direction of movement of the steel wire is aligned parallel to the warp threads.

The result of the test is called the abrasion class of the test piece, stating the diameter of the mandrel and the weight load. The adhesive tapes are classified in classes A to F according to Table 1.

With a mandrel diameter of 5 mm, the test specimen is usually destroyed with fewer strokes than when using a mandrel diameter of 10 mm. For this reason, an adhesive tape can, for example, achieve abrasion class D at 10 mm and abrasion class C at 5 mm. Table 1: Classification of abrasion classes according to LV 312 abrasion class Requirement A no abrasion protection < 100 strokes B low abrasion protection 100 - 499 strokes C medium abrasion protection 500 - 999 strokes D high abrasion protection 1000 - 4999 strokes E very high abrasion protection 5000 -14999 strokes F extremely high abrasion protection ≥ 15000 strokes Highly abrasion-resistant adhesive tapes are therefore adhesive tapes with abrasion class D.

Today, single-layer fabric adhesive tapes consisting of a fabric carrier (e.g. polyester fabric) and a layer of adhesive are usually used for high abrasion protection.

The base fabrics are characterized by the thread material (e.g. polyester thread), the thread weight of the threads (weight per length, unit dtex, 1 dtex = 1 g / 10000 m thread) and the thread density or thread count (number of threads per cm).

Woven fabrics consist of warp threads (longitudinal, machine direction, also corresponds to the longitudinal direction of the adhesive tape made from them) and weft threads (cross threads). The threads are usually in Plain weave woven. Other weave styles include satin weave (also known as satin, which comes in regular and irregular shapes) and twill weave. Twill weave fabrics (e.g., a “2 over 1 twill”) produce a so-called twill weave that runs diagonally to the machine direction. Twill weave fabrics are generally slightly softer than the same plain weave fabrics. In the diagonal direction in particular, the flexural rigidity is lower. This can be an advantage for adhesive tapes made from it.

The fabrics can be dyed afterwards or consist of spun-dyed yarns.

The threads can consist of spun yarns or filament yarns (continuous yarns). Usually filament yarn is used. This consists of a specified number of individual filaments and can be textured or smooth and point-bonded or unbonded.

Fibers are used to manufacture the yarns. A distinction is made between two types of fibers.

There are staple fibers (the term staple fibers are used synonymously) that have a limited length.

In addition, there are endless fibers, also called filaments, which have a practically unlimited length. Filament refers to a textile-technical term, which is understood to mean a practically endless fiber produced chemically and technically using various processes as a component of filament yarns and cables. Filament yarn made of several filaments is called multifilament yarn, filament yarn made of only one filament monofilament yarn.

The transverse titer of a fabric is the number of transverse threads (weft threads) per centimeter multiplied by the thread weight of the transverse threads in dtex. The unit is dtex/cm.

Longitudinal count is the number of longitudinal threads (warp threads) per centimeter multiplied by the thread weight of the longitudinal threads in dtex. The unit is also dtex/cm.

The basis weight of the fabric ultimately results from the yarns used, their number and the type of weave.

Polyester fabrics used as backing for cable wrapping tapes typically have basis weights between 60 and 180 g/m ² . The abrasion resistance of an adhesive tape increases with the basis weight of the polyester fabric used.

Commercially available cable wrapping tapes with high abrasion classes are based on solid carrier materials with correspondingly thick yarns. Yarn counts commonly used are 167 to 330 dtex in the machine and cross directions.

Polyester fabric adhesive tapes for cable winding with abrasion protection are known. They are used as cable wrapping tapes under the trade names “tesa® 51026” or “Coroplast 837X”. They consist of a polyester fabric with a basis weight of 125 to 135 g/m ² and an adhesive layer of 80 to 100 g/m ² . Warp and weft threads have the same yarn weight of around 167 dtex. Due to the numerous warp threads with high yarn weights, the adhesive tapes are highly abrasion-resistant, i.e. they meet abrasion class D according to LV 312 with a mandrel diameter of 5 mm.

The disadvantage of these known adhesive tapes is that they are very stiff in the longitudinal direction, ie the processing direction, because of the large number and thick warp threads of the fabric used. When the adhesive tape is used as a cable wrapping tape, rigidity in the longitudinal direction has the disadvantage that the ends of the adhesive tape tend to stick out after a while. This behavior is known as flagging off. It is favored by the high rigidity of the adhesive tape in the longitudinal direction and the small diameter of the wrapped material.

The flagging tendency is reduced by the high adhesive strength of the adhesive tape on its own back after application. A high adhesive strength requires, among other things, a high adhesive mass application of the adhesive tape and an adhesive mass designed for high adhesive strength.

When using a softer weave of the fabric, such as a twill weave, the tendency to flagging can be reduced because of the reduced bending stiffness.

From the EP 2 298 845 A1 an adhesive tape is known, consisting of a backing and an adhesive layer applied to at least one side, the backing being a fabric, preferably a polyester fabric.

It is essential to the invention that the quotient of the length-related titer of the transverse threads and the width-related titer of the longitudinal threads is between 2.2 and 6, preferably 2.8 and 4, and the backing has a basis weight of greater than or equal to 110 g/m ² has.

The EP 2 441 813 A1 describes an abrasion-resistant adhesive tape with at least one strip-shaped backing to which an adhesive layer made of a pressure-sensitive adhesive is applied on at least one side. The adhesive layer is completely or partially covered with a liner. It is shown as essential to the invention that the carrier is formed by a satin fabric. Furthermore, the satin fabric with a weave repeat greater than 2 and a pitch number greater than or equal to 1 is identified.

The EP 2 050 802 A1 discloses a mechanically stable but at the same time hand-tearable adhesive tape. This adhesive tape uses different yarn materials for the warp and weft threads. However, the adhesive tape can only meet the high demands on abrasion resistance to a limited extent.

The DE 20 2016 100 057 U1 describes an adhesive tape with a fabric backing in which at least the weft threads are each twisted with more than 180 turns per meter of weft thread. Polyester is mentioned as the thread material for the warp and weft threads. Other materials for the thread material are not literally excluded, but the advantages of polyester are clearly emphasized.

The object of the invention is to achieve a noticeable improvement over the prior art and to provide a tape which has the option of bandaging individual lines to form cable harnesses with a high level of protection against mechanical damage from chafing and rubbing on sharp edges, burrs or weld points and which is at the same time sufficiently flexible to enable problem-free sheathing of elongate goods. Furthermore, it is desirable for the material to have the lowest possible weight while maintaining strength and protection against abrasion.

This problem is solved by using a fabric as characterized in the main claim. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are described in the dependent claims.

Accordingly, the invention relates to a use of the type mentioned at the outset, the thread material of the fabric consisting at least partially of elastic fibers.

Elastic fibers are understood to mean those that are reversibly stretchable without plastically deforming in the process. The degree of elasticity can be determined in accordance with DIN 53835 Parts 1 to 4, with the test specimen being loaded and the recovery and deformation to the original state being measured after the load has been removed. This test refers to yarns and does not describe the fabric, which can also acquire elasticity through the weave.

In particular, elastane fibers, elastodiene fibers, elastolefin fibers, elastomultiester fibers or rubber fibers are used as elastic fibers. Elastane fibers are synthetic filament yarns that consist of at least 85% by weight polyurethane (PU). They are available under the Lycra®, Dorlastan®, creora® or Linel® brands.

Surprisingly, it has been found that when using fabric backings in which the thread material consists at least partially of elastic material, it is possible to achieve high abrasion resistance, with the fabric remaining flexible at the same time in order to ensure good processing. In terms of abrasion resistance, abrasion class D is achieved, measured on a 10 mm mandrel according to the LV 312 standard, and also abrasion class D, measured on a 5 mm diameter mandrel according to LV 312.

According to the invention, the weft threads consist at least partially of elastic fibers made of polyurethane. Known yarns with the usual low stretch properties and no elasticity are used in the warp direction. In this way, conventional looms can be used, and that Fabric can also be processed in conventional coating systems and cutting systems, in particular also in those in which the fabric is drawn off in the longitudinal direction. A fabric is thus obtained which has great elasticity in one direction but good strength in the other direction.

Due to its elasticity, the fabric is particularly stretchy and has good recovery properties. Surprisingly, this also means that the fabric is particularly abrasion-resistant. This can be explained by the fact that the fabric stretches slightly elastically when subjected to abrasion and can therefore withstand the load over a longer period of time.

Polyurethanes have the following general formula:

They are particularly elastic, which means that the fabric is particularly stretchy and has good recovery properties.

A thread is particularly preferably used as the weft thread which has a core made of polyurethane (so-called “core yarn”), this core being wrapped with at least one filament made of at least one other material, this material being selected from the group consisting of Cotton, viscose, polyester, polyamide and polyolefin, with polyester being particularly preferred. The other material is loosely wrapped around the polyurethane core. For a given length of the polyurethane core, the weft thread therefore has at least one filament of a different material that is of a greater length. The length of the filament made of a different material is preferably such that it corresponds at least to the length of the polyurethane core at its maximum extent.

Polyester yarns, polyamide yarns, polyolefin yarns, viscose yarns, cotton yarns or mixed yarns made from the materials mentioned are particularly suitable as material for the warp threads, with polyester yarns being very particularly preferred. These materials give the fabric good strength; they also ensure that the fabrics can be produced without any problems on conventional looms and further processed on conventional coating and cutting systems.

According to the invention, mixed yarns mean that the yarns for the warp and/or weft threads consist of different materials.

The warp threads preferably have a yarn weight of 80 to 280 dtex, preferably 150 to 230 dtex. More preferably, the weft threads have a yarn weight of 100 to 500 dtex, particularly preferably 180 to 280 dtex

If core yarns are used, those with a yarn weight of the core thread between 180 and 420 dtex, in particular 180 to 320 dtex, particularly suitably 200 to 270 dtex, and a yarn weight of the covering thread of 10 to 80 dtex, in particular 15 to 60 dtex and especially suitably 20 to 40 dtex, particularly preferred.

According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the number of threads in the warp is 34 to 60/cm, preferably 42 to 55/cm, and in particular 50 to 54/cm.

According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the number of threads in the weft is 15 to 30/cm, preferably 20 to 27/cm, and in particular 22 to 26/cm.

The threads can consist of spun yarns or filament yarns (continuous yarns). Usually filament yarn is used. This consists of a specified number of individual filaments and can be textured or smooth and point-bonded or unbonded. The fabrics can be dyed afterwards or consist of spun-dyed yarns.

More preferably, the thickness of the fabric is at most 400 μm, particularly preferably 180 to 280 μm, very particularly preferably 220 to 280 μm.

According to the invention, “thickness” is understood to mean the extent of the relevant layer or phase along the z-ordinate of an imaginary coordinate system in which the plane spanned by the machine direction and the transverse direction to the machine direction forms the xy plane. It is measured according to DIN EN 1942.

According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the backing has a basis weight of up to 200 g/m ² , preferably 40 to 200 g/m ² , particularly preferably 110 to 160 g/m ² .

The application of adhesive, based on the area of the adhesive tape, is preferably between 40 and 160 g/m ² , preferably between 50 and 100 g/m ² , more preferably between 60 and 90 g/m ² .

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the adhesive tape has a maximum tensile strength, measured according to DIN EN 14410, of less than 350 N/cm, preferably between 150 and 280 N/cm.

In order to produce an adhesive tape from the backing, it is possible to have recourse to all known adhesive mass systems. In addition to adhesives based on natural or synthetic rubber, it is possible in particular to use silicone adhesives and also polyacrylate adhesives, with the latter being particularly preferred. The same adhesive mass systems are also used for the adhesive strip or strips on a sleeve.

The adhesive is preferably a pressure-sensitive adhesive, ie a viscoelastic mass which remains permanently tacky and adhesive at room temperature in the dry state. Gluing takes place immediately with light contact pressure on almost all substrates.

An adhesive which has been found to be particularly suitable is a low molecular weight acrylate hotmelt pressure-sensitive adhesive such as that marketed by BASF under the name acResin UV. This adhesive with a low K value gets its application-oriented properties from a final crosslinking triggered by radiation chemistry.

Other excellently suitable adhesives are in the EP 2 520 627 A1 , the EP 2 522 705 A1 , the EP 2 520 628 A1 , the EP 2 695 926 A1 and the EP 2 520 629 A1 described.

1. (a) 95,0 bis 100,0 Gew.-% n-Butylacrylat und/oder 2-Ethylhexylacrylat
2. (b) 0,0 bis 5,0 Gew.-% eines ethylenisch ungesättigten Monomers mit einer Säure- oder Säureanhydridfunktion

A pressure-sensitive adhesive in the form of a dried polymer dispersion is particularly preferred, the polymer being composed of:

1. (a) 95.0 to 100.0% by weight of n-butyl acrylate and/or 2-ethylhexyl acrylate
2. (b) 0.0 to 5.0% by weight of an ethylenically unsaturated monomer having an acid or acid anhydride function

Preferably, the polymer consists of 95.0 to 99.5% by weight of n-butyl acrylate and/or 2-ethylhexyl acrylate and 0.5 to 5% by weight of an ethylenically unsaturated monomer having an acid or acid anhydride function, more preferably 98 .0 to 99.0% by weight of n-butyl acrylate and/or 2-ethylhexyl acrylate and 1.0 to 2.0% by weight of an ethylenically unsaturated monomer having an acid or acid anhydride function.

In addition to the acrylate polymers listed, tackifiers and/or additives, such as light stabilizers or antiaging agents, can also be added to the PSA in addition to any residual monomers present. In particular, the PSA does not contain any further polymers, such as elastomers, which means that the polymers of the PSA consist only of the monomers (a) and (b) in the specified proportions.

Preferably, n-butyl acrylate forms the monomer (a).

Examples of advantageous monomer (b) are acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, itaconic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid and/or maleic anhydride.

wobei R³ = H oder CH₃ ist, bevorzugt wird gegebenenfalls die Mischung aus Acrylsäure oder Methacrylsäure verwendet. Besonders bevorzugt ist Acrylsäure.Preference is given to (meth)acrylic acid of the formula I,

where R ³ = H or CH ₃ , the mixture of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid is preferably used if appropriate. Acrylic acid is particularly preferred.

1. (a) 95,0 bis 100,0 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 95,0 bis 99,5 Gew.-%, weiter vorzugsweise 98,0 bis 99,0 Gew.-% n-Butylacrylat und
2. (b) 0,0 bis 5,0 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 0,5 bis 5,0 Gew.-%, weiter vorzugsweise 1,0 bis 2,0 Gew.-% Acrylsäure

According to a particularly preferred variant, the polymer has the following composition:

1. (a) 95.0 to 100.0% by weight, preferably 95.0 to 99.5% by weight, more preferably 98.0 to 99.0% by weight of n-butyl acrylate and
2. (b) from 0.0% to 5.0%, preferably from 0.5% to 5.0%, more preferably from 1.0% to 2.0% by weight of acrylic acid

The polymer dispersion is prepared by the process of emulsion polymerization of the components mentioned. Descriptions of this process can be found, for example, in "Emulsion Polymerization and Emulsion Polymers" by Peter A. Lovell and Mohamed S. EI-Aasser - Wiley-VCH 1997 - ISBN 0-471-96746-7 or in EP 1 378 527 B1 .

During the polymerization, it cannot be ruled out that not all of the monomers are converted into polymers. It is obvious that the residual monomer content should be as small as possible. Preference is given to adhesives comprising the polymer dispersion with a residual monomer content of less than or equal to 1% by weight, in particular less than or equal to 0.5% by weight (based on the mass of the dried polymer dispersion).

According to the general understanding of the art, an “adhesive resin” is understood as meaning an oligomeric or polymeric resin which increases the autoadhesion (the tack, the intrinsic tack) of the PSA compared to the PSA which does not contain any tackifier resin but is otherwise identical.

The use of tackifiers to increase the bond strengths of PSAs is known in principle. This effect also occurs when up to 15 parts by weight (corresponds to <15 parts by weight) or 5 to 15 parts by weight of tackifier (based on the mass of the dried polymer dispersion) are added to the adhesive. Preference is given to adding 5 to 12, more preferably 6 to 10 parts by weight of tackifier (based on the mass of the dried polymer dispersion).

In principle, all known classes of substances are suitable as tackifiers, also referred to as adhesive resins. Examples of tackifiers are hydrocarbon resins (for example polymers based on unsaturated C ₅ or C ₉ monomers), terpene-phenolic resins, polyterpene resins based on raw materials such as α- or β-pinene, aromatic resins such as coumarone-indene resins or based resins Styrene or α-methylstyrene such as rosin and its derivatives, for example disproportionated, dimerized or esterified rosin, for example reaction products with glycol, glycerol or pentaerythritol, to name just a few. Preference is given to resins without easily oxidizable double bonds, such as terpene-phenolic resins, aromatic resins and particularly preferably to resins which are produced by hydrogenation, such as, for example, hydrogenated aromatic resins, hydrogenated polycyclopentadiene resins, hydrogenated rosin derivatives or hydrogenated polyterpene resins.

Resins based on terpene phenols and rosin esters are preferred. Adhesive resins with a softening point above 80° C. according to ASTM E28-99 (2009) are also preferred. Resins based on terpene phenols and rosin esters with a softening point above 90° C. according to ASTM E28-99 (2009) are particularly preferred. The resins are expediently used in dispersion form. In this way, they can be finely divided and mixed with the polymer dispersion without any problems.

The variant in which no tackifying resins are added to the PSA is particularly preferred. The lack of adhesive resins in the adhesive tape is surprising and unforeseeable for the person skilled in the art not - as the expert would have expected - to an insufficient adhesive strength. In addition, the flagging behavior is surprisingly no worse.

• • Kohlenwasserstoffharze (zum Beispiel Polymere auf Basis ungesättigter C₅- oder C₉-Monomere)
• • Terpenphenolharze
• • Polyterpenharze auf Basis von Rohstoffen wie zum Beispiel α- oder β-Pinen
• • aromatische Harze wie Cumaron-Inden-Harze oder Harze auf Basis Styrol oder α-Methylstyrol wie Kolophonium und seine Folgeprodukte, zum Beispiel disproportioniertes, dimerisiertes oder verestertes Kolophonium, zum Beispiel Umsetzungsprodukte mit Glycol, Glycerin oder Pentaerythrit

In particular, the following substances are not added to the PSA:

• • Hydrocarbon resins (e.g. polymers based on unsaturated C ₅ or C ₉ monomers)
• • Terpene phenolic resins
• • Polyterpene resins based on raw materials such as α- or β-pinene
• • aromatic resins such as coumarone-indene resins or resins based on styrene or α-methylstyrene such as rosin and its derivatives, for example disproportionated, dimerized or esterified rosin, for example reaction products with glycol, glycerol or pentaerythritol

The adhesive coating likewise preferably consists of an adhesive composition based on synthetic rubber, namely in particular an adhesive composition composed of at least one vinylaromatic block copolymer and at least one adhesive resin. Typical use concentrations for the block copolymer are in a concentration in the range between 30% by weight and 70% by weight, in particular in the range between 35% by weight and 55% by weight.

Other polymers can be those based on pure hydrocarbons such as unsaturated polydienes such as natural or synthetically produced polyisoprene or polybutadiene, chemically essentially saturated elastomers such as saturated ethylene-propylene copolymers, α-olefin copolymers, polyisobutylene, butyl rubber, ethylene-propylene rubber and chemically functionalized hydrocarbons such as, for example, halogen-containing, acrylate-containing or vinyl ether-containing polyolefins, which can replace up to half of the block copolymers containing vinyl aromatics.

Adhesive resins that are compatible with the elastomer block of the styrene block copolymers serve as tackifiers.

Light stabilizers such as, for example, UV absorbers, sterically hindered amines, antiozonants, metal deactivators, processing aids, endblock-reinforcing resins can typically be used as further additives.

Plasticizers such as liquid resins, plasticizer oils or low-molecular liquid polymers such as low-molecular polyisobutylenes with molar masses <1500 g/mol (number average) or liquid EPDM types are typically used.

Fillers such as silicon dioxide, glass (ground or in the form of spheres), aluminum oxides, zinc oxides, calcium carbonates, titanium dioxides, carbon blacks, to name just a few, as well as color pigments and dyes, and optical brighteners can also be used.

Primary and secondary antioxidants are usually added to PSAs in order to improve their aging stability. Primary antioxidants react with oxy and peroxy radicals, which can form in the presence of oxygen, and react with them to form less reactive compounds. Secondary antioxidants, for example, reduce hydroperoxides to alcohols. It is known that there is a synergistic effect between primary and secondary anti-aging agents, so that the protective effect of a mixture is often greater than the sum of the two individual effects.

If low flammability of the adhesive tape described is desired, this can be achieved by adding flame retardants to the backing and/or the adhesive. These can be organobromine compounds, if necessary with synergists such as antimony trioxide, but with regard to the halogen-free adhesive tape, red phosphorus, organophosphorus, mineral or intumescent compounds such as ammonium polyphosphate alone or in combination with synergists are preferably used.

The pressure-sensitive adhesives can be produced and processed from solution, dispersion or from the melt. Preferred manufacturing and processing methods are from the melt. For the latter case, suitable manufacturing processes include both batch processes and continuous processes.

The adhesive can be applied partially, for example in the longitudinal direction of the adhesive tape, in the form of a strip which is narrower than the backing of the adhesive tape.

Depending on the application, several parallel strips of adhesive can also be coated on the carrier material.

The position of the strip on the carrier can be freely selected, with an arrangement directly on one of the edges of the carrier being preferred.

At least one strip of a covering can be provided on the adhesive coating of the carrier, which strip or strips extend in the longitudinal direction of the adhesive tape and which or which cover between 20% and 80% of the adhesive coating.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, there is exactly one stripe of the cover on the adhesive coating.

The position of the strip on the adhesive coating can be freely selected, preference being given to an arrangement directly on one of the longitudinal edges of the carrier. This results in an adhesive strip that extends in the longitudinal direction of the adhesive tape and ends with the other longitudinal edge of the carrier.

When the tape is used to wrap a wire harness by wrapping the tape around the wire harness in a spiral motion, the wire harness can be wrapped in such a way that the adhesive mass of the tape is stuck only on the tape itself, while the goods are not covered with any adhesive touch comes.

The wiring harness sheathed in this way has a very high degree of flexibility due to the lack of fixing the cables with any kind of adhesive. This significantly increases its flexibility during installation - especially in narrow passages or sharp bends.

If a certain fixation of the adhesive tape on the item is desired, the sheathing can take place in such a way that the adhesive strip is glued partly to the adhesive tape itself and partly to the item.

According to another advantageous embodiment, the strip is applied centrally to the adhesive coating, resulting in two adhesive strips extending on the longitudinal edges of the backing in the longitudinal direction of the adhesive tape.

The two adhesive strips present on the longitudinal edges of the adhesive tape are advantageous for the safe and economical application of the adhesive tape in said spiral movement around the cable harness and to prevent the resulting protective covering from slipping, especially if one strip, which is usually narrower than the second strip, is Fixation aid is used and the second, wider strip is used as a closure. In this way, the adhesive tape is glued to the cable in such a way that the cable set is secured against slipping and is still flexible.

In addition, there are embodiments in which more than one strip of the cover is applied to the adhesive coating. If only one strip is mentioned, the person skilled in the art reads in his mind that several strips can cover the adhesive coating at the same time.

Preferably the strip covers between 50% and 80% of the total adhesive coating. The degree of coverage is chosen depending on the application and the diameter of the cable set.

Particularly preferably, one or two adhesive strips remain, the total width of which makes up 20 to 50% of the width of the backing.

A variant in which two strips of adhesive are present in the edge region of the backing and extend in the machine direction is particularly advantageous. The edges of the backing or the outer edges of the strips of adhesive are preferably positioned one above the other with the exact edges.

Based on the width of the backing in the transverse direction, the sum of the widths of the strips of adhesive is not more than 50% of the width of the backing.

Preferably the strips are of the same width.

In particular, if the adhesive coating is not applied over the entire surface but, for example, in strips, the specified percentages relate to the width of the strips of the covering in relation to the width of the carrier, i.e. according to the invention, the strip or strips of the covering have a width of between 20 and 80 % of the width of the beam.

The adhesives produced in this way can then be applied to the backing using the generally known methods. In the case of processing from the melt, these application methods can be via a die or a calender.

In the case of methods from the solution, coatings with doctor blades, knives or nozzles are known, to name just a few.

It is also possible to transfer the adhesive from an anti-adhesive backing cloth or release liner to the backing assembly.

A backing lacquer can be applied to the back of the adhesive tape in order to favorably influence the unrolling properties of the adhesive tape wound into the Archimedean spiral. For this purpose, this backside lacquer can be equipped with silicone or fluorosilicone compounds as well as with polyvinylstearylcarbamate, polyethyleneiminestearylcarbamide or fluorine-organic compounds as substances having an adhesive effect. If at all, the backing varnish should be used very sparingly so as not to provoke flagging of the adhesive tape that is later applied.

For the purposes of this invention, the general term “adhesive tape” includes all flat structures such as films or film sections extended in two dimensions, tapes with extended length and limited width, tape sections and the like, ultimately also diecuts or labels.

The adhesive tape can be produced either in the form of a roll, i.e. rolled up on itself in the form of an Archimedean spiral, or covered on the adhesive side with release materials such as siliconized paper or siliconized film. A non-linting material such as a plastic film or a well-glued, long-fiber paper is preferably suitable as the separating material.

The adhesive tape is preferably used for wrapping elongate goods, such as cable sets in particular, the elongate goods being encased by the adhesive tape in the axial direction or the adhesive tape being guided around the elongate goods in a helical movement. The result is the shape of a helix (also called a screw, helical line, cylindrical spiral or helix; a helix is a curve that winds around the surface of a cylinder with a constant pitch).

Finally, the concept of the invention also encompasses an elongate item, covered with an adhesive tape according to the invention. The elongate item is preferably a cable set.

In the production of cable harnesses, slight stretching occurs due to the shape of the cable harnesses. The elasticity of the fabric/adhesive tape according to the invention in the transverse direction leads to the adhesive tape clinging particularly well to the shape of the cable. Even at transitions from thin to thicker sections, the adhesive tape is clinging and shape-following.

Due to the excellent suitability of the adhesive tape, it can be used in a sheathing that consists of a covering in which the self-adhesive tape is present at least in one edge area of the covering, which is glued to the covering in such a way that the adhesive tape extends over one of the Longitudinal edges of the covering extends, preferably in an edge area that is narrow compared to the width of the covering. Such a design is referred to as a "sleeve".

In the sleeve application, there is a piece of fabric and, parallel to the warp thread, adhesive compound is applied to one side on both lateral ends of the fabric or adhesive tape is laminated on. In the application, the starting side is then applied with the adhesive tape parallel to the running direction of the cable and across direction wrapped around the cable set. A supple winding and the achievement of a flexible cable set are desirable here.

Such a product and optimized embodiments of the same are in the EP 1 312 097 A1 disclosed. In the EP 1 300 452 A2 , the DE 102 29 527 A1 as well as the WO 2006/108 871 A1 further developments are presented for which the adhesive tape according to the invention is also very well suited. Likewise, the adhesive tape according to the invention can be used in a method such as that EP 1 367 608 A2 disclosed.

Finally describe the WO 2016 / 023 921 A1 , the WO 2016 / 045 890 A1 , the EP 2 627 539 A1 , the EP 1 315 781 A1 as well as the DE 10 2014 114 794 A1 and the DE 103 29 994 A1 Embodiments of adhesive tapes, as are also possible for the adhesive tape according to the invention.

In the case of some of the casings mentioned above, there are also backings free of adhesive in addition to backings provided with adhesive or strips of adhesive. According to a preferred variant, these carriers then also consist of the carrier described according to the invention. All textile backings in the structures preferably consist of the backing described according to the invention.

The adhesive tape is to be explained in more detail below with reference to a number of figures, without intending to cause any kind of restriction.

• 1 das Klebeband im seitlichen Schnitt,
• 2 das den Träger bildende Gewebe,
• 3a einen Ausschnitt eines Kabelbaums, der sich aus einer Bündelung von einzelnen Kabeln zusammensetzt und der mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Klebeband ummantelt ist,
• 3b einen Ausschnitt eines Kabelbaums, der sich aus einer Bündelung von einzelnen Kabeln zusammensetzt und der mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Klebeband ummantelt ist,
• 4 ein Foto des erfindungsgemäßen elastischen Gewebes mit freigelegtem Kettgarn,
• 5 ein Foto des erfindungsgemäßen elastischen Gewebes mit freigelegtem Schussgarn,
• 6 ein Foto eines Schussfadens (elastischer Polyurethankern, umwickelt mit PET-Garn) des erfindungsgemäßen elastischen Gewebes in ungedehntem Zustand,
• 7 ein Foto eines Schussfadens (elastischer Polyurethankern, umwickelt mit PET-Garn) des erfindungsgemäßen elastischen Gewebes in gedehntem Zustand,

Show it

• 1 the tape in the side cut,
• 2 the fabric forming the support,
• 3a a section of a wiring harness which is composed of a bundle of individual cables and which is coated with the adhesive tape according to the invention,
• 3b a section of a wiring harness which is composed of a bundle of individual cables and which is coated with the adhesive tape according to the invention,
• 4 a photograph of the elastic fabric of the present invention with the warp yarn exposed,
• 5 a photograph of the elastic fabric of the present invention with the weft yarn exposed,
• 6 a photograph of a weft thread (elastic polyurethane core, wrapped with PET yarn) of the elastic fabric according to the invention in an unstretched state,
• 7 a photograph of a weft thread (elastic polyurethane core wrapped with PET yarn) of the elastic fabric of the present invention in a stretched state,

In the 1 an adhesive tape according to the invention is shown in side section, which consists of a fabric carrier 10 to which a layer of a self-adhesive coating 12 is applied on one side.

2 shows the fabric forming the carrier 10 in detail. The fabric is characterized in that the weft threads—shown more broadly here—consist at least partially of polyurethane and are therefore elastic.

In the 3a and 3b a section of a cable harness is shown in each case, which is composed of a bundling of individual cables 7 and which is sheathed with the adhesive tape according to the invention. The tape is threaded around the wire harness in a spiral motion.

the inside 3a The section of the wiring harness shown shows two windings I and II of the adhesive tape. Further windings would extend to the left, these are not shown here. A strip 5 of the covering is present on the adhesive coating, resulting in an adhesive strip 6 extending in the longitudinal direction of the tape. Non-adhesive areas 11, 21, 23 of the adhesive tape alternate with adhesive areas 12, 22, 24. (In contrast to the exposed adhesive mass 12, the sections 22, 24 are not visible from the outside, which is why the denser hatching was chosen for the illustration.)

The cable harness is sheathed in such a way that the strip of adhesive compound 6 adheres completely to the adhesive tape. An adhesion with the cables 7 is excluded.

the inside 3b The section of the wiring harness shown shows two windings I and II of the adhesive tape. Further windings would extend to the left, these are not shown here.

The adhesive coating 12 is applied to the fabric backing 10 . The adhesive tape produced in this way is guided around the cable in a spiral movement, covering the previous layer of adhesive tape on the cable with the supplied adhesive tape by 20 to 50%, based on the width of the adhesive tape. (In contrast to the exposed adhesive mass 12, the sections 22, 24 are not visible from the outside, which is why the denser hatching was chosen for the illustration.)

4 Figure 12 shows a photograph of the elastic fabric of the adhesive tape of the present invention magnified 25x with the warp yarn exposed by removing the weft yarns. 5 FIG. 14 shows a photo of the elastic fabric of the adhesive tape according to the invention enlarged 25 times, in which the weft yarn is exposed and the warp threads have been removed. You can clearly see the structure of the weft thread, which consists of a core around which another thread is wound.

The weft thread is detailed in 6 and 7 shown. while showing 6 the weft thread in unstretched, 7 the weft thread in a stretched state. You can see a core made of elastic polyurethane yarn, which is wrapped with PET yarn. While the winding in the unstretched state ( 6 ) is relatively narrow, it is pulled farther apart when stretched. In this way, the non-elastic PET threads can follow or allow the expansion of the polyurethane thread without restricting or even tearing the expansion.

The invention is to be explained in more detail below using a few examples and comparative examples, without intending to restrict the invention in any way with these.

• • Flächengewichte der Gewebe und der Klebmassebeschichtung nach DIN EN ISO 2286-1
• • Garngewicht nach DIN 53830 T3
• • Fadenzahl nach DIN EN 1049 Teil 2
• • Höchstzugkraft und Höchstzugkraftdehnung der Gewebe und Klebebänder in Längsrichtung nach DIN EN 14410 am Maximum der Reißdehnungskurve (Einspannlänge 100 mm, Zuggeschwindigkeit 300 mm/min)
• • Klebkraft nach DIN EN 1939
• • Dicke der Gewebe und Klebebänder nach DIN EN 1942 / AFERA 4006
• • Abriebfestigkeit nach LV312-1 und ISO 6722.
• • Die Biegesteifigkeit wurde gemessen nach LV312-1.

The measurements take place according to the following standards:

• • Area weights of the fabric and the adhesive coating according to DIN EN ISO 2286-1
• • Yarn weight according to DIN 53830 T3
• • Thread count according to DIN EN 1049 Part 2
• • Maximum tensile strength and maximum tensile elongation of the fabric and adhesive tapes in the longitudinal direction according to DIN EN 14410 at the maximum of the elongation at break curve (clamping length 100 mm, tensile speed 300 mm/min)
• • Adhesion according to DIN EN 1939
• • Thickness of the fabric and adhesive tapes according to DIN EN 1942 / AFERA 4006
• • Abrasion resistance according to LV312-1 and ISO 6722.
• • The flexural rigidity was measured according to LV312-1.

The samples were produced in each case by first weaving a piece of precursor fabric as a comparative example on a loom with specified warp threads (see description of the respective examples), in which a conventional thread was used as the weft thread. Then the weft thread was changed and a thread with a polyurethane core was used (fabric according to the invention). The final step was a trailing fabric, in which a conventional thread was used as the weft thread.

An adhesive was applied to the fabric produced in this way, as described for the individual examples.

Example 1:

Fabric V1A made of cotton in warp and weft / precursor: FG 98g/ ^m2 Fabric E1 according to the invention with TPU yarn in weft direction: FG 148 g/ ^m2 Web image jumps in at the side (the stretchy yarn is woven in under tension and jumps in width after the loom,) Fabric V1B made of cotton in warp and weft FG 100 g/ ^m2 Fabric V2A with increased number of warp threads on canvas FG 144 gsm ² Fabric V2B with increased warp thread count on Panama FG 142 g/ ^m2 Fabric Description: binding number chain yarn chain number of shots yarn weft basis weight Precursor fabric V1A cotton in warp and weft (comparison) canvas 35 / cm Bw Nm 63 160 dtex 25 / cm Cotton Nm 63 = 160 dtex ^98gsm Sample Lycra fabric E1 required according to with PU in the weft canvas 53 / cm Bw Nm 63 160 dtex 27 / cm Lycra 235 dtex plus PET 22 dtex ^148gsm Trailer fabric V1B cotton in warp and weft (comparison) Panama 36 / cm Bw Nm 63 160 dtex 23 / cm Cotton Nm 63 = 160 dtex 100g/ ^m2 Increased weight: fabric V2A cotton in warp and weft canvas 53 / cm Bw Nm 63 160 dtex 25 / cm Cotton Nm 63 = 160 dtex ^144gsm Increased weight: fabric V2B cotton in warp and weft Panama 52 / cm Bw Nm 63 160 dtex 24 / cm Cotton Nm 63 = 160 dtex ^142gsm

Pattern making:

Coating with acrylic hotmelt 85 g/m ² adhesive mass with UV crosslinking, so that a sufficiently high adhesive adhesion is achieved. Abrasion Number of strokes maximum tensile force N/cm Maximum Tensile Strength -Elongation % dL(5N/cm) % dL(10N/cm) % ISO6722 on 5mm mandrel, 7N load EN ISO 13934-1 EN ISO 13934-1 Elongation at 5N/cm tensile load Elongation at 10N/cm tensile load along along along along Fabric V1A 95 130 19 3.3 4.5 Tissue E1 650 170 19 4.0 5.0 Tissue V1 B 60 142 19 2.8 3.6 Fabric V2A 170 190 19 2.9 4.1 Tissue V2B 113 203 19 2.6 3.5 across across across across Fabric V1A ,--- 76 12.4 4.9 6.5 Tissue E1 ,--- No break with this norm No break with this norm 54 66 Tissue V1 B ,--- 75 13 5.2 6.7 Fabric V2A ,--- 77 12 4.7 6.2 Tissue V2B ,--- 74 14 4.9 6.4

Example 2:

Fabric Description: fabric type number chain yarn chain number of shots yarn weft basis weight Fabric V3A made of polyester in warp and weft canvas 35 / cm PET 167 dtex 24 / cm PET 167 dtex ^104gsm Fabric V3B made of polyester in warp and weft canvas 48 / cm PET 167 dtex 24 / cm PET 167 dtex ^130gsm Fabric E3 as required with PU yarn in the weft canvas 50 / cm PET 167 dtex 26 / cm Lycra 235 dtex plus PET 22 dtex ^148gsm

Pattern making:

Coating with AcResin 85 g/m ² / acrylate hotmelt adhesive mass with UV crosslinking, so that a sufficiently high adhesive adhesion is achieved: Test on the tape: Abrasion Number of strokes maximum tensile force N/cm Maximum Tensile Elongation % dL(5N/cm) % dL(10N/cm) % ISO6722 on 5mm mandrel, 7N load EN ISO 13934-1 EN ISO 13934-1 Elongation at 5N/cm tensile load Elongation at 10 N/cm tensile load along along along along Fabric V3A 840 195 38 0.6 1.1 Tissue V3B 1156 258 33 0.6 1.0 Tissue E3 4230 273 36 0.6 1.3 across across across across Fabric V3A ,--- 152 26.5 1.2 2.3 Tissue V3B ,--- 144 25.3 1.3 2.3 Tissue E3 ,--- No break with this norm No break with this norm 49 61

The examples show that the abrasion resistance of the fabrics according to the invention is significantly higher, namely by a factor of 3.5 to 6, than that of conventional fabrics. Furthermore, in the transverse direction, in which the properties of the weft thread have an effect, the fabrics according to the invention have significantly larger values for elongation at a defined tensile load of 5 or 10 N/cm.

• Kabelsätze sollen für eine leichte Verlegung eine ausreichend hohe Flexibilität besitzen. In einer Musterprüfung nach LV312-1 werden aus 40 Leitungen (1,0 mm²) mit einer Länge von 300 mm Prüflinge mit den zu prüfenden Klebebändern (vorzugsweise 19 mm) mit einer spiralförmigen Umschlingung bei 50% Überlappung hergestellt. In einem 3-Punkt-Biegeversuch mit einem Abstand der äußeren Punkte von 100 mm wird die Maximalkraft gemessen:

Gewebe beschichtet mit Arylic Hotmelt Flexibilitätsprüfung Maximalkraft Nach Wicklung Flexibilitätsprüfung Maximalkraft nach Kurzzeitlagerung 10d bei 150°C Gewebe V1A Keine Prüfung, da Baumwolle nicht ausreichend temperaturstabil ist Gewebe E1 Gewebe V1B Gewebe V2A Gewebe V2B Gewebe V3A 139 N 175 N Gewebe V3B 141 N 180 N Gewebe E3 115 N 131 N Bending stiffness of coiled cable sets:

• Cable sets should be sufficiently flexible for easy installation. In a sample test according to LV312-1, 40 lines (1.0 mm ² ) with a length of 300 mm are used to produce test specimens with the adhesive tapes to be tested (preferably 19 mm) wrapped in a spiral with 50% overlap. The maximum force is measured in a 3-point bending test with a distance of 100 mm between the outer points:

Fabric coated with Arylic Hotmelt Flexibility Test Maximum Force After Winding Flexibility test maximum force after short-term storage 10d at 150°C Fabric V1A No test as cotton is not sufficiently temperature stable Tissue E1 Tissue V1B Fabric V2A Tissue V2B Fabric V3A 139 N 175 N Tissue V3B 141 N 180 N Tissue E3 115 N 131 N

Claims (11)

Use of a fabric for covering elongate goods, the fabric being at least partially provided with an adhesive layer on at least one side, characterized in that the weft threads of the fabric consist at least partially of elastic fibers made of polyurethane. use after claim 1 , characterized in that the weft threads have a core made of polyurethane and this core is wrapped with at least one filament made of at least one other material, this material being selected from the group consisting of cotton, viscose, polyester, polyamide and polyolefin, with polyester is particularly preferred. use after claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that polyester yarns, polyamide yarns, polyolefin yarns, viscose yarns, cotton yarns or mixed yarns made from the materials mentioned are used as warp threads, with polyester yarns being particularly preferred. Use after at least one of the Claims 1 until 3 , characterized in that the thread count in the warp is 34 to 60/cm, preferably 42 to 55/cm, in particular 50 to 54/cm, and the thread count in the weft is 15 to 30/cm, preferably 20 to 27/cm, in particular 22 up to 26/cm. Use after at least one of the Claims 1 until 4 , characterized in that the adhesive layer is a self-adhesive adhesive layer, preferably based on natural or synthetic rubber, acrylate or silicone, with acrylate being particularly preferred. Use after at least one of the Claims 1 until 5 , characterized in that the application of adhesive, based on the adhesive tape surface, is between 40 and 160 g/m ² , preferably between 50 and 100 g/m ² , more preferably between 60 and 90 g/m ² . Use after at least one of the Claims 1 until 6 , characterized in that the thickness of the carrier, measured according to DIN EN 1942, is at most 400 µm, particularly preferably 180 to 280 µm, very particularly preferably 220 to 280 µm. Use after at least one of the Claims 1 until 7 , characterized in that the carrier has a basis weight of up to 200 g/m ² , preferably 40 to 200 g/m ² , particularly preferably 110 to 160 g/m ² . Use after at least one of the Claims 1 until 8th , characterized in that the abrasion resistance of the adhesive tape, measured on a mandrel with a 10 mm diameter according to LV 312, is at least abrasion class D and/or the abrasion resistance of the adhesive tape, measured on a mandrel with a 5 mm diameter according to LV 312, is at least abrasion class D Fulfills. Use after at least one of the Claims 1 until 9 , characterized in that the fabric is guided in a helix around the elongate material. Use after at least one of the Claims 1 until 10 , characterized in that the elongate material is encased by the fabric in the axial direction.

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