DE102016219400B4 - Coupling device with radial constriction of at least one disk disk - Google Patents

Abstract

Coupling device comprising an inner ring (1) and an outer ring (2) and at least a first and a second radially between the inner ring (1) and the outer ring (2) arranged disc (3a, 3b), wherein the at least two disc discs (3a, 3b) can be acted upon with an axial force to generate at their end faces a frictional torque, which enables the transmission of torque between the inner ring (1) and the outer ring (2), wherein the at least one first disc (3a) of a plurality of in Circumferentially adjacent to each other arranged segments (4) and a first and a second perforated disc (5a, 5b) and a first and second friction disc (6a, 6b) is formed, wherein each two segments (4) tangentially via an interposed elastic spring element (7 ) are connected to each other, and wherein the respective segment (4) via a respective holding element (8) at least partially movable between the inner ring (1) u Furthermore, the at least one first disk (3a) is positively connected to the outer ring (2) and the at least one second disk (3b) is positively connected to the inner ring (1), wherein the at least a first disk (3a) due to the generation of the friction torque on the end faces a relative rotation to the outer ring (2) experiences, which leads to a displacement of the segments (4), so that an inner peripheral surface of the segments (4) at least partially on an outer peripheral surface of the inner ring (1) comes to rest there to generate an additional frictional torque for transmitting the torque between the inner ring (1) and the outer ring (2).

Description

The invention relates to a coupling device, in particular for a motor vehicle. A coupling device, in particular a multi-plate clutch or friction disk clutch has a plurality of friction linings, which are arranged axially in series. The same contact pressure acts on all friction pairs. Multi-plate clutches are switchable under load. Most of them are running in oil and mostly in automatic transmissions, in heavily loaded main or start-up clutches or in limited slip differentials. In construction machine axles multi-plate clutches are also used as service and parking brakes. In contrast to a dry clutch, the advantages of the wet clutch lie in the higher power and energy consumption, since it is cooled with oil. Disadvantages are lower coefficients of friction compared to dry clutches and a higher drag torque during idling due to fluid friction between the individual disks.

For example, goes from the DE 10 2005 005 867 A1 a multi-plate clutch between a drive shaft and an output shaft. This comprises an actuating device with an axially movable pressing piston, which is acted upon on the one hand by means of pressure medium and on the other hand acts on a plate pack. The disk set cooperates with gears of the drive shaft and the output shaft.

DE 10 2015 200 467 A1 discloses a coupling device for a motor vehicle. The coupling device has an inner ring, an outer ring and a package of laminated disks. The disk disks are arranged radially between the inner ring and the outer ring. When the disk disks are subjected to an axial force, they generate a friction torque on their mutually facing end face. The friction torque allows the transmission of torque between the inner ring and the outer ring. The lamellar discs are arranged alternately in the package so that in each case one outer lamellar disc positively corresponds with the outer ring and the next inner lamellar disc with the inner ring. The friction torque leads to the rotation of the outer disk slices relative to the cam-like contour of the outer ring and to a radial constriction of the outer disk slats so far that the outer disk slices are supported on the inner ring and generate an additional friction torque for transmitting torques.

The object of the present invention is to develop a coupling device to the effect that with the same space of the coupling device, an increased torque is transferable.

The coupling device according to the invention comprises an inner ring and an outer ring and at least a first and a second radially disposed between the inner ring and the outer ring disc, wherein the at least two disc discs are acted upon with an axial force to generate at their end faces a friction torque, the transmission of a Torque between the inner ring and the outer ring allows, wherein the at least one first plate disc of a plurality of circumferentially adjacent segments arranged and a first and a second perforated disc and a first and second friction disc is formed, wherein each two segments tangentially via an interposed elastic spring element are connected to each other, and wherein the respective segment is at least partially movably received via a respective holding element between the inner ring and the outer ring, wherein further the at least one e The lamella plate is positively connected to the outer ring and the at least one second plate disc is positively connected to the inner ring, wherein the at least one first plate disc due to the generation of the friction torque at the end faces undergoes a relative rotation to the outer ring, which leads to a displacement of the segments, so in that an inner peripheral surface of the segments at least partially comes into abutment on an outer circumferential surface of the inner ring in order to generate there an additional frictional torque for transmitting the torque between the inner ring and the outer ring.

The at least one first plate disc acts positively at least in an unloaded state and thus rotatably together with the outer ring. The outer ring has on its inner circumference a complementary to the outer periphery of the at least one first plate disc formed contour. Due to the frictional torque generated between the end faces of the at least two disk discs, it comes with a exceeding of a predefined force to a relative rotation between the outer ring and the form-fitting connected to the outer ring at least a first plate disc. This relative rotation is a few degrees and leads to a shift of the segments. In particular, the segments are displaced radially inward and come radially to the inner ring to the plant to generate there an additional friction torque. This friction torque generated on the inner peripheral surface of the at least one first disk disk in addition to the friction torque on the end faces of the at least two disk disks also serves to transmit the torque between the inner race and the outer race.

The elastic spring elements between the segments are intended to couple together tangentially adjacent segments such that a displacement of one segment also affects the other segment. Because the spring elements are elastic and thus reversibly deformable, they clamp the segments against the outer ring. Consequently, the spring elements are elastically deformed during a displacement of the segments, wherein the segments are displaced upon relief by a deformation of the spring elements back to their original position on the outer ring.

Preferably, the respective segment has an axial recess for receiving the respective holding element, wherein the respective holding element is received on the two perforated disks. Consequently, the respective holding element is guided by the respective segment and comes to the recess of the respective segment to the plant. In particular, the retaining element is fixed and thus not slidably received on the respective perforated disc.

Preferably, the holding element is formed round, wherein the axial recess is formed oval on the respective segment, to receive the holding element displaceable therein. In other words, the respective recess is formed larger than the respective holding element. This allows a guide of the retaining element along the respective recess during a displacement of the respective segment.

Further, preferably, the respective perforated disc on the entire circumference evenly distributed holes for receiving the holding elements. The respective bore receives the retaining element in a fixed position and prevents displacement of the retaining elements relative to the perforated discs.

Furthermore, the at least one first plate disc is preferably designed according to a sandwich construction, wherein the segments are arranged axially in the core, wherein the respective perforated disc is arranged axially adjacent to the segments, and wherein the respective friction disc is arranged axially adjacent to the respective perforated disc. Thus, axially located between two outer friction plates two perforated discs, wherein between the two perforated discs, the annular interconnected segments are arranged.

Preferably, the respective friction disc on an axially outwardly directed end face on an axially formed recess pattern for cooling by guiding oil. Due to the cooling results in particular the advantage of a higher power and energy consumption of the coupling device. In particular, the friction disks are provided to come to rest against their axially outwardly directed end surfaces in order to generate a friction torque.

Preferably, the respective spring element is made of a spring steel sheet metal forming. In particular, the respective spring element is punched out of the spring steel sheet or separated by laser. Thereafter, the spring element is reshaped.

Further, preferably, the respective spring element has a diamond-shaped contour, wherein the respective segment has two wedge-shaped recesses for receiving the respective spring element. In particular, the respective spring element is not formed closed, but open on one side. By forming the opening between two distal ends of the respective spring element, in particular the rigidity of the spring element is reduced and the deformability increased. Advantageously, the two distal ends are separated from each other only by a gap and formed such that they can come into contact with each other. This increases in particular the rigidity of the respective spring element, wherein the deformation capacity is lowered at the same time.

The invention includes the technical teaching that the respective segment for radially constricting the at least one first plate disc has a ramp contour on an outer circumferential surface which cooperates with a complementary thereto formed ramp contour on an inner peripheral surface of the outer ring. Consequently, an outer diameter of the respective segment changes in the circumferential direction as well as an inner diameter of the outer ring. The ramp contour may be linear, curved or based on some other mathematical function. Due to the ramp contour, a radial displacement of the respective segments takes place inward during a relative rotation between the outer ring and the multi-disc disk, as a result of which a radial constriction of the multi-disk disk is realized.

Particularly preferably, two ramp contours on the inner circumferential surface of the outer ring together form a partial circle contour. In other words, the ramp contour on the inner circumferential surface of the outer ring is initially radially decreasing and then radially increasing. Together, the two ramp contours thus form the pitch circle contour. As a result, a rotational direction-independent radial constriction of the at least one first disk disk is realized.

• 1 eine schematische teilweise geschnittene Draufsicht zur Veranschaulichung des Aufbaus einer erfindungsgemäßen Kupplungsvorrichtung,
• 2a eine schematische Explosionsdarstellung zur Veranschaulichung des Aufbaus einer ersten Lamellenscheibe,
• 2b eine schematische Perspektivdarstellung der ersten Lamellenscheibe gemäß 2a,
• 3a eine schematische Schnittdarstellung der ersten Lamellenscheibe gemäß 2a entlang eines Halteelements,
• 3b eine schematische Schnittdarstellung der ersten Lamellenscheibe gemäß 2a entlang eines Federelements,
• 4a eine schematische Schnittdarstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Kupplungsvorrichtung gemäß einer offenen Schaltstellung,
• 4b eine schematische Schnittdarstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Kupplungsvorrichtung gemäß einer geschlossenen Schaltstellung,
• 5a eine schematische Perspektivdarstellung eines Federelements der erfindungsgemäßen Kupplungsvorrichtung gemäß einem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel,
• 5b eine schematische Perspektivdarstellung eines Federelements der erfindungsgemäßen Kupplungsvorrichtung gemäß einem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel, und
• 6 eine schematische Stirnseitenansicht eines Segments der ersten Lamellenscheibe.

In the following, embodiments of the invention with reference to the drawings, in which the same or similar elements are provided with the same reference numerals, explained in more detail. This shows

• 1 a schematic partially sectioned plan view for illustrating the structure of a coupling device according to the invention,
• 2a FIG. 2 is a schematic exploded view for illustrating the structure of a first disk disk; FIG.
• 2 B a schematic perspective view of the first disc according to 2a .
• 3a a schematic sectional view of the first disc according to 2a along a holding element,
• 3b a schematic sectional view of the first disc according to 2a along a spring element,
• 4a a schematic sectional view of the coupling device according to the invention according to an open switching position,
• 4b a schematic sectional view of the coupling device according to the invention according to a closed switching position,
• 5a a schematic perspective view of a spring element of the coupling device according to the invention according to a first embodiment,
• 5b a schematic perspective view of a spring element of the coupling device according to the invention according to a second embodiment, and
• 6 a schematic end view of a segment of the first plate disc.

According to 1 has a coupling device according to the invention for a - not shown here - motor vehicle an inner ring 1 and an outer ring 2 as well as several radially between the inner ring 1 and the outer ring 2 arranged slat discs 3a . 3b on. The two different types of disc discs 3a . 3b are arranged axially alternately in series. Due to the partial sectional view are not all slats 3a . 3b shown. The foremost disk 3b has at its end faces an axially formed recess pattern 16 for cooling by guiding oil on. Axially adjacent is the lamellar disc 3a arranged, which consists of a plurality of circumferentially adjacent to each other segments 4 and a first and a second perforated disc 5a and a first and second friction disc 6a is formed, in each case only a perforated disc 5a and a friction disk 6a are shown partially cut. Two segments 4 are tangential via a respective elastic spring element arranged between them 7 connected with each other. Furthermore, the respective segment 4 an axial recess 9 for receiving a respective retaining element 8th on.

The second disc 3b is positively connected via a plurality of circumferentially distributed, radially inwardly directed projections 17 with the inner ring 1 connected. In contrast, the first disc is 3a positive fit with the outer ring 2 connected. This is indicated by the respective segment 4 a ramp contour 11 on an outer peripheral surface, which has a complementary thereto formed ramp contour 12 on an inner peripheral surface of the outer ring 2 interacts. Due to the ramp contours 11 . 12 takes place during a relative rotation between the outer ring 2 and the first plate disc 3a a radial displacement of the respective segments 4 inside, with the segments 4 on the inner ring 1 come to the plant. Two ramp contours 11 at each two tangentially adjacent segments 4 together form a pitch circle contour. In other words, the ramp contour 11 of the one segment 4 radially increasingly formed, the ramp contour 11 of the other segment 4 is formed radially decreasing. By thus formed pitch circle contour, the segments 4 shifted independently of one direction of rotation.

To 2a is formed according to a sandwich construction first disc plate 3a shown in an exploded view. 2a shows in particular that the respective perforated disc 5a . 5b evenly distributed over the entire circumference several holes 10 for receiving the retaining elements 8th having. Furthermore, the spring elements 7 in wedge-shaped recesses 14a . 14b at respective segments 4 added. The friction discs 6a . 6b pointing to one of the perforated discs axially 5a . 5b directional face a recess pattern 13 for cooling by guiding oil on.

In 2 B is the first disk 3a out 2a shown in the assembled state. The two end faces of the disk 3a are intended, with a respective second disc 3b cooperate to actuate the coupling unit and generate a friction torque.

According to 3a is the retaining element 8th in the axial recess 9 in the segment 4 taken, wherein the holding element 8th axially between the two perforated discs 5a . 5b is stored. The two friction discs 6a . 6b come on the front side of the two perforated discs 5a . 5b to the plant. By that, the perforated discs 5a . 5b and not the friction discs 6a . 6b at the segments 4 come to the plant, are the segments 4 particularly wear, especially in the radial direction movable. Consequently, the actuation of the coupling device is substantially without appreciable frictional losses at the end faces of the segments 4 realizable.

To 4 is tangential between two segments 4 an elastic spring element 7 arranged. The spring element 7 is axial between the two perforated discs 5a . 5b at the segments 4 added.

In the 4a and 4b are alternately two first and three second disks 3a . 3b axially adjacent to each other. The first lamellar discs 3a lie over the segments 4 on the outer ring 2 at. The second lamellar discs 3b are form-fitting with the inner ring 1 connected. An identical but enlarged view of the first two discs 3a is 3a refer to. To 4a the coupling device is not actuated. According to 4b is at an actuation of the coupling device by a - indicated by arrows - axial force 15 , For example, by a - not shown here - piston, a friction torque on the end faces of the disk slices 3a . 3b generated, which is the transmission of torque between the inner ring 1 and the outer ring 2 allows. Furthermore, they learn with the outer ring 2 connected slat disks 3a due to the friction torque at the end faces a relative rotation to the outer ring 2 leading to a substantially radial displacement of the segments 4 leads. Due to this substantially radial displacement of the segments 4 comes an inner peripheral surface of the segments 4 on an outer peripheral surface of the inner ring 1 to the plant, so that there is an additional frictional torque for transmitting the torque between the inner ring 1 and the outer ring 2 is produced.

According to the 5a and 5b has the respective spring element 7 one in the diamond-shaped contour. The respective spring element 7 is formed by forming technology from a spring steel sheet. To 5a is the spring element 7 not closed, but open on one side. By the formation of the opening 18 between the two distal ends of the spring element 7 in particular, the rigidity of the spring element 7 reduced and increased the deformability. According to 5b the two distal ends are only through a gap 19 separated from each other and designed so that they can come into contact with each other. Consequently, the effect of the spring element corresponds 7 essentially a closed spring element 7 , The stiffness of the spring element 7 out 5b is opposite to the stiffness of the spring element 7 out 5a increased, wherein the deformability is significantly lower, since the two distal ends can be supported against each other.

In 6 is a segment 4 the first disk 3a displayed. Out 6 goes well the formation of the oval recess 9 for receiving the retaining element 8th as well as the formation of the two wedge-shaped recess 14a . 14b for receiving the respective spring element 7 out.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

inner ring

2

outer ring

3a, 3b

flap disc

4

segment

5a, 5b

perforated disc

6a, 6b

friction

7

spring element

8th

retaining element

9

recess

10

drilling

11

ramp contour

12

ramp contour

13

depression pattern

14a, 14b

recess

15

axial force

16

depression pattern

17

projections

18

opening

19

gap

Claims (10)

Coupling device comprising an inner ring (1) and an outer ring (2) and at least a first and a second radially between the inner ring (1) and the outer ring (2) arranged disc (3a, 3b), wherein the at least two disc discs (3a, 3b) can be acted upon with an axial force to generate at their end faces a frictional torque, which enables the transmission of torque between the inner ring (1) and the outer ring (2), wherein the at least one first disc (3a) of a plurality of in Circumferentially adjacent to each other arranged segments (4) and a first and a second perforated disc (5a, 5b) and a first and second friction disc (6a, 6b) is formed, wherein each two segments (4) tangentially through a interposed elastic spring element (7) are interconnected, and wherein the respective segment (4) via a respective holding element (8) is at least partially movably received between the inner ring (1) and the outer ring (2), further wherein the at least one first Slat disc (3a) is positively connected to the outer ring (2) and the at least one second disc (3b) is positively connected to the inner ring (1), wherein the at least one first disc (3a) due to the generation of the friction torque at the end faces a Experiences relative rotation to the outer ring (2), which leads to a displacement of the segments (4), so that an inner peripheral surface of the segments (4) at least partially on an outer peripheral surface of the inner ring (1) comes to rest, there to an additional frictional torque for the transmission of To generate torque between the inner ring (1) and the outer ring (2). Coupling device according to Claim 1 , characterized in that the respective segment (4) has an axial recess (9) for receiving the respective holding element (8), wherein the respective holding element (8) on the two perforated discs (5a, 5b) is accommodated. Coupling device according to Claim 2 , characterized in that the holding element (8) is round, wherein the axial recess (9) on the respective segment (4)

Oval is formed to receive the holding element (8) slidably therein. Coupling device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the respective perforated disc (5a, 5b) distributed uniformly over the entire circumference of holes (10) for receiving the holding elements (8). Coupling device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one first disc (3a) is designed according to a sandwich construction, wherein the segments (4) are arranged axially in the core, wherein axially adjacent to the segments (4) the respective perforated disc ( 5a, 5b) is arranged, and wherein axially adjacent to the respective perforated disc (5a, 5b), the respective friction disc (6a, 6b) is arranged. Coupling device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the respective friction disc (6a, 6b) has on an axially outwardly directed end face an axially formed recess pattern (13) for cooling by guiding oil. Coupling device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the respective spring element (7) is produced from a spring steel sheet by forming technology. Coupling device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the respective spring element (7) has a diamond-shaped contour, wherein the respective segment (4) has two wedge-shaped recesses 14a, 14b for receiving the respective spring element 7. Coupling device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the respective segment (4) for radially constricting the at least one first disk disc (3a) has a ramp contour (11) on an outer peripheral surface which with a complementary thereto formed ramp contour (12) on a Inner peripheral surface of the outer ring (2) cooperates. Coupling device according to Claim 9 , characterized in that in each case two ramp contours (12) on the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring (2) together form a pitch circle contour.

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