DE102016218379A1 - Buffer method, buffer device and power plant - Google Patents

Abstract

In order to provide a buffer process for a power plant, which is simple and energy-efficient feasible and allows reliable operation of the power plant, it is proposed that the power plant comprises a flue gas duct, a steam guide and a buffer device, wherein the buffer device comprises a heat buffer unit for connection to the flue gas duct and a Steam buffer unit for connection to the steam guide comprises, wherein the buffer device is offset by means of a control device either in a loading and unloading, wherein the loading operation a) branched off flue gas from the flue gas duct and fed to the heat buffer unit and at the same time b) branched off steam from the steam guide and the Steam buffer unit is supplied.

Description

The present invention relates to a buffer method for a power plant, in particular for the intermediate storage and / or equalization of provided heat and / or supplied steam.

The present invention has for its object to provide a buffer method, which is simple and energy efficient feasible and allows reliable operation of a power plant.

This object is achieved by a method according to the independent method claim.

The buffering process is in particular a buffering process for a power plant. The power plant preferably comprises a flue gas duct, a steam guide and a buffer device.

The buffer device preferably comprises a heat buffer unit for connection to the flue gas duct and a steam buffer unit for connection to the steam duct.

By means of a control device of the buffer device, this is preferably displaceable or offset into a loading operation and unloading operation, wherein in the loading operation a) branched off flue gas from the flue gas discharge and fed to the heat buffer unit and at the same time b) branched off steam from the steam guide and the steam buffer unit is supplied.

In the buffer method according to the invention thus preferably a simultaneous heat storage and steam storage is provided.

It may be favorable if, during the discharge operation, cold gas is passed through the heat buffer unit, heated therein and then supplied as hot gas to the flue gas duct.

Cold gas is in particular any gas, preferably ambient air, which can absorb heat as heat transfer medium in the heat buffer unit and can then be supplied as hot gas to the flue gas duct.

The hot gas is in particular heated gas, which in particular has a temperature which corresponds to the temperature of the flue gas removed in the loading operation.

In the discharge operation, steam is preferably removed from the steam buffer unit and fed to the steam guide.

It can be provided that, in the discharge operation using heat from the heat buffer unit, steam is generated in a steam supply device and supplied to the steam guide.

The flue gas branch and / or the steam branching takes place in the loading operation preferably with respect to a main flow direction of the flue gas in a steam generator of the power plant immediately downstream of a flame zone.

The steam generator of the power plant is in particular a main heat exchanger of the power plant, which serves to generate the steam to be used in steam turbines of the power plant.

It may be favorable if a hot gas supply and / or a steam supply takes place in the discharge operation with respect to a main flow direction of the flue gas in a steam generator of the power plant immediately downstream of a flame zone.

Preferably, the steam generator comprises a single flame zone.

It may be favorable if the flue gas branch and / or the steam branching and / or the hot gas feed and / or the steam feed take place essentially at one and the same point of the steam generator with respect to a main flow direction of the flue gas.

A volume flow and / or a mass flow of the branched off in loading flue gas on the one hand and a volume flow and / or mass flow of the branched off in the loading steam on the other hand are preferably coordinated such that an outlet temperature of the flue gas to a flue gas outlet of a steam generator of the power plant and / or a maximum steam temperature the steam guided in the steam guide in the loading operation and in a deactivated state of the buffer device are substantially constant.

A deactivated state is in particular a state of the buffer device in which no buffering takes place.

The deactivated state of the buffer device is thus in particular a normal power plant operation (firing operation), in which a steam generated in the steam generator is immediately used in its entirety for power generation.

By means of the buffer device and / or the buffer method, the steam generator can thus be operated essentially unchanged, that is to say with an unchanged firing rate and / or unchanged water supply for steam generation. In particular, operation of the steam generator does not have to be adapted to fluctuating load requirements of the power plant.

Instead, adaptation to different load requirements takes place by means of the buffer method and / or the buffer device.

Due to the fact that heat and steam are preferably buffered at the same time in the process, in particular a fluctuating thermal load of the steam generator can be effectively avoided. In addition, a complicated control of the steam generator with respect to the firing rate and / or water supply for steam generation is preferably unnecessary.

It can be favorable if a volumetric flow and / or a mass flow of the flue gas supplied in the discharge operation on the one hand and / or a volumetric flow and / or a mass flow of the steam supplied in the discharge operation are matched to one another such that an outlet temperature of the flue gas at a flue gas outlet of a steam generator of the power plant and / or a maximum steam temperature of the steam guided in the steam guide in the unloading operation and in a deactivated state of the buffer device are substantially constant.

By means of the buffer device and / or the buffer method, therefore, preferably only one volume flow and / or mass flow of the flue gas can be varied simultaneously with a volume flow and / or a mass flow of the generated steam, while substantially all other parameters, in particular temperature, of the flue gas and / or of the steam remain constant.

The buffer method according to the invention is particularly suitable for implementation on a buffer device.

The present invention therefore also relates to a buffer device for a power plant.

The invention is in this respect the task of providing a buffer device, which is simple and reliable and allows energy-efficient power plant operation.

This object is achieved by a buffer device according to the independent device claim.

The buffer device preferably comprises a heat buffer unit for connection to a flue gas duct of the power plant and a steam buffer unit for connection to a steam duct of the power plant.

The buffer device preferably further comprises a control device, which is designed and set up so that the buffer device can be displaced into a loading operation and a discharge operation by means of the control device, wherein in the loading operation, flue gas is branched off from the flue gas duct and fed to the heat buffer unit and, at the same time, steam from the steam guide branched off and the steam buffer unit is supplied.

The buffer device preferably has one or more of the features and / or advantages described in connection with the buffer method.

It may be favorable if the control device is further designed and arranged such that in the discharge operation cold gas is passed through the heat buffer unit, heated therein and then supplied as flue gas to the flue gas duct.

The flue gas branch and the hot gas feed (flue gas feed) are preferably formed by one and the same access to the flue gas duct of the steam generator.

It can be provided that the control device is further designed and set up so that in the unloading operation steam is removed from the steam buffer unit and fed to the steam guide.

A steam branch and a steam feed are preferably formed by one and the same access to the steam guide of the steam generator.

The steam buffer unit preferably comprises a sliding pressure accumulator, in particular a Ruthsspeicher.

Furthermore, it can be provided that the vapor buffer unit is a sliding pressure accumulator, in particular a Ruthspeicher.

In addition, it can be provided that the steam buffer unit comprises a plurality of sliding pressure accumulators, in particular Ruth stores.

The heat buffer unit is preferably a direct contact solid reservoir.

For heat absorption, the heat buffer unit is preferably flowed through with flue gas.

The heat buffer unit preferably comprises a heat storage medium, which can be brought into material contact with the flue gas and / or the cold gas to be heated for heat transfer.

Furthermore, it can be provided that the heat buffer unit comprises a direct contact solid storage or a plurality of such direct contact solid storage.

It may be provided that the control device is further configured and arranged such that steam is generated and / or heated in the discharge operation using heat from the heat buffer unit and supplied to the steam guide.

The buffer device is particularly suitable for use in a power plant.

The power plant comprises in particular a flue gas guide, a steam guide and a buffer device.

Furthermore, the power plant preferably comprises a heat source, in particular a combustion device (firing), which generates the flue gas.

The buffer device preferably comprises a steam supply device for providing steam, in particular saturated steam.

The steam supply device may in particular form the steam buffer unit or be part of the steam buffer unit.

Furthermore, the steam supply device may form at least part of the heat buffer unit or be part of the heat buffer unit.

The steam delivery device preferably includes the following:
several pressurized water storage tanks;
a water supply for supplying water to the pressurized water storage tanks;
a heat transfer device by means of which either one or more pressurized water storage tanks heat from the heat buffer unit and / or from a separate heat storage device can be fed;
a steam line, by means of which in the pressurized water storage tanks generated steam can be fed to the steam guide.

The heat buffer unit may in particular be or comprise a heat storage device.

A steam supply device of the buffer device and / or the power plant may in particular have the following properties and / or advantages:
A steam supply device may for example comprise a pressurized water storage tank in which hot water can be stored under high pressure. By opening a drain valve, the water can be removed if necessary. Due to the high temperature and the high pressure, the water can be removed in particular in the form of saturated steam. Due to the removal of water from the pressurized water storage tank, the high temperature and / or the high pressure in the pressurized water storage tank can usually be maintained only for a short time. Consequently, such a pressurized water storage tank usually has a low storage capacity.

By providing a heat storage device and a plurality of pressurized water storage tanks, it is preferable to achieve a separation between the steam supply performance of the steam supply device on the one hand and the steam capacity of the steam supply device on the other hand. In particular, this flexible and efficient, a large amount of steam, in particular saturated steam, can be provided.

The heat storage device and the pressurized water storage containers are preferably devices different from each other.

It may be beneficial if the pressurized water storage tank Ruthsspeicher.

The heat storage device preferably comprises one or more solid heat storage.

It may be favorable if the heat transfer device comprises a transfer fluid guide, by means of which a heat transfer fluid from the heat storage device to the pressurized water storage containers can be fed.

The heat transfer fluid is in particular a gas, for example air, or a liquid.

Preferably, a pressure of the heat transfer fluid in the transfer fluid conduit is less than about 5 bar, preferably less than about 2 bar. For example, the pressure of the heat transfer fluid in the transfer fluid guide is approximately equal to the atmospheric pressure.

The pressure of the heat transfer fluid is preferably substantially independent of the heat transfer fluid Pressure of the water in the pressurized water storage tanks.

The transfer of heat from the heat transfer fluid to the water in the pressurized water storage containers is preferably carried out by means of a liquid-liquid heat exchanger or by means of a gaseous-liquid heat exchanger.

It may be advantageous if at least one storage container of the heat storage device can be flowed through by the heat transfer fluid.

In particular, it can be provided that at least one storage container of the heat storage device can be flowed through by the heat transfer fluid, that heat can be transferred from the storage medium to the heat transfer fluid by direct contact between the heat transfer fluid and a storage medium of the heat storage device.

The storage medium is preferably a solid, for example a bed.

As a storage medium may be provided, for example, a ceramic material and / or a stone material.

The heat transfer fluid is preferably feasible by means of a fan and / or fan in a cycle.

In particular, it can be provided that the heat transfer fluid can be guided in a closed transfer fluid guide.

It may be advantageous if the transfer fluid in the closed transfer fluid guide optionally and / or repeatedly successively the heat storage device, one or more pressurized water storage tanks and / or a heat source can be fed.

The heat transfer fluid and the water of the pressurized water storage tanks are preferably fluids different from each other.

Furthermore, it can be provided that the heat transfer fluid and the water of the pressurized water storage tank are spatially separated from each other.

The pressurized water storage tanks by means of the water supply preferably liquid water can be fed.

In particular, it can be provided that the pressurized water storage containers by means of the water supply substantially pressureless water is supplied.

It can be provided that the steam supply device comprises a heating device for heating the water to be supplied to the pressurized water storage containers.

In particular, in this case, a heat exchanger may be provided which, for example, allows heating of water in a reservoir device of the water supply.

The water in the water feed is preferably not evaporated and preferably not pressurized.

It may be favorable if the heating device is a device which is different from the heat storage device and / or uses heat from a heat source different from the heat source for the heat storage device.

Alternatively, however, it can also be provided that the heating device uses heat from the heat storage device and / or from a heat source for the heat storage device.

It may be advantageous if the steam supply device comprises a heat buffer device, by means of which heat from one or more pressurized water storage tanks is temporarily stored.

In particular, it may be provided that, for supplying water to one or more pressurized water storage tanks, these one pressurized water storage tanks or these multiple pressurized water storage tanks are cooled by transfer of heat to the intermediate heat storage device. The supplied water can thus be supplied in particular at low pressure.

Preferably, after the water has been supplied to the one pressurized water storage tank or to the plurality of pressurized water storage tanks, the heat stored in the heat buffer storage device may be again supplied to the one pressurized water storage tank or the plurality of pressurized water storage tanks to heat the water contained therein.

The intermediate heat storage device preferably comprises a plurality of storage elements or storage sections for storing heat at different temperature levels. In particular, efficient heat buffering can be made possible in this way.

A method for providing steam, in particular saturated steam, preferably comprises the following:
Storing heat by means of a heat storage device;
Supplying water to pressurized water storage tanks by means of a water supply;
Transferring heat from the heat storage device to one or more pressurized water storage tanks;
Removing steam, in particular saturated steam, from at least one pressurized water storage tank.

The method preferably comprises one or more of the features and / or advantages described in connection with the steam delivery device.

Further preferably, the steam delivery device has one or more of the features and / or advantages described in connection with the method of providing steam.

It may be beneficial if the heat is transferred by means of a heat transfer fluid from the heat storage device to the one or more pressurized water storage tank.

In particular, it can be provided that at least one storage container of the heat storage device is flowed through with the heat transfer fluid, so that preferably by direct contact between the heat transfer fluid and a storage medium of the heat storage device heat is transferred from the storage medium to the heat transfer fluid.

It can be provided that water is supplied to one or more pressurized water storage tanks, while water is heated in one or more further pressurized water storage tanks and / or while water vapor, in particular saturated steam, is taken from one or more further pressurized water storage tanks.

Furthermore, it can be provided that water vapor, in particular saturated steam, is withdrawn from one or more pressurized water storage containers while water is supplied to one or more further pressurized water storage containers and / or is heated in one or more further pressurized water storage containers.

In a discharged state of the pressurized water storage tank, a temperature of the water contained therein is preferably at least about 150 ° C at a pressure of preferably at least about 5 bar.

In a loaded condition of the pressurized water storage tanks, the water in the pressurized water storage tanks preferably has a temperature of at least about 250 ° C, for example about 300 ° C, and / or a pressure of at least about 30 bar, for example about 40 bar to about 100 bar.

Furthermore, the steam delivery device and / or the method for providing steam may have one or more of the features and / or advantages described below.

By means of the heat storage device, preferably, heat can be stored at a temperature level of at least about 400 ° C to, for example, about 1000 ° C.

The heat storage device is preferably designed as a directly through-flow heat storage, in particular as a so-called regenerator.

Preferably, the steam delivery device comprises a combination of a regenerator and a plurality of ruth stores.

Preferably, high-temperature heat by means of gaseous heat carriers, for example air or flue gas, can be stored in a heat accumulator with high capacity, in particular if there is a low heat requirement and / or electrical energy requirement.

At high heat demand and / or electrical energy demand can be provided with high discharge capacity preferably via a plurality of alternately interconnected pressurized water storage tank, in particular Ruthsspeicher, saturated steam.

In particular, this heat can be transferred from the heat storage device by means of heat exchangers to the pressurized water in the pressurized water storage tanks to ultimately provide saturated steam by relaxing the pressurized water storage tank.

Preferably, a highly flexible provision of saturated steam with high temperatures and power with simultaneously large storage capacities can be made possible in a variety of applications.

In particular, this can be a dynamic behavior of conventional power plant types, especially lignite or Hard coal-fired power plants, as part of the increased expansion of renewable energies with the associated high power fluctuations can be improved.

The steam delivery device is preferably suitable for use in the chemical industry for the flexible provision of process steam, in power plants with water (steam) as a heat carrier or energy carrier and in the large-scale storage of electrical energy. The electrical energy is generated in particular by the use of saturated steam for driving a saturated steam turbine and a generator device coupled thereto.

Preferably, the steam is removed as saturated steam from at least one pressurized water storage tank.

It may be favorable if the steam, in particular the saturated steam, is overheated after removal from the at least one pressurized water storage tank.

For example, the overheating by supplying heat from the heat storage device on the extracted steam, in particular the saturated steam occur.

By overheating the saturated steam in particular superheated steam can be provided.

The transfer of heat from the heat storage device to the extracted steam to produce superheated steam can be done in particular by means of a heat exchanger.

The heat storage device is preferably a solid storage or liquid storage.

For example, a liquid reservoir may be provided, which comprises a thermal oil, a mineral oil or a liquid salt storage medium. Preferably, the storage medium is a storage medium with high heat capacity and low cost. The storage medium makes it possible, in particular, to produce a cost-effective capacity store.

The heat transfer fluid may be, for example, liquid or gaseous.

The temperature of the storage medium is preferably between about 300 ° C and about 400 ° C, especially in the case of thermal oil or mineral oil.

When using liquid salt as a storage medium, in particular a temperature of 450 ° C to about 500 ° C may be provided.

For example, when using a solid as a storage medium, the temperature is up to about 1000 ° C.

It may be favorable if fresh steam from a boiler of a coal-fired power plant or a turbine device, in particular from turbine branches, is supplied to the heat storage device in order to load the heat storage device with heat.

In particular, can be used for loading the heat storage device with heat coupling with a water-steam cycle of a coal power plant, which in particular a desired flexibility of the power plant by improving the minimum load capacity and load change speed can be achieved.

In principle, the heat for loading the heat storage device can also originate from the combustion air from the boiler and / or from combined cycle power plants (gas and steam combined cycle power plant) from the waste heat of the gas turbine.

By means of the buffer device preferably results in a particularly flexible operation of the power plant.

In particular, the heat generation (firing) and fresh steam generation (boiler) can be decoupled from each other in time. This can be particularly effective because the steam generator is one of the most thermally inert components of a steam power plant and consequently the steam turbines supplied by the steam generator are directly limited in their dynamics. As a result, power generation is usually severely limited in its dynamics.

By means of the buffer device, the dynamics can be significantly optimized.

Preferably, the flue gas branch and the steam branch take place in such a way that a water vapor stream proportion equivalent to the heat removal is removed. In relation to the main flow direction of the flue gas downstream arranged regions of the steam generator can thereby be maintained preferably a constant ratio of heat flow to mass flow. In particular, unwanted overheating or undercooling of convective heating surfaces can be avoided.

Further preferred features and / or advantages of the invention are the subject of the following description and the drawings of an embodiment.

In the drawings show:

1 a schematic representation of an embodiment of a steam supply device, wherein a first pressurized water storage tank heat is supplied to a second pressurized water storage tank water is supplied and wherein from a third pressurized water storage tank steam is removed;

2 one of the 1 corresponding schematic representation of the steam supply device, wherein from the first pressurized water storage tank steam is removed, wherein the second pressurized water storage tank heat is supplied and wherein the third pressurized water storage tank water is supplied;

3 one of the 1 corresponding schematic representation of the steam supply device, wherein the first pressurized water storage tank water is supplied, wherein from the second pressurized water storage tank steam is removed and wherein the third pressurized water storage tank heat is supplied;

4 a schematic representation of a power plant, which comprises a buffer device, wherein the buffer device is operated in a loading operation; and

5 one of the 4 corresponding schematic representation of the power plant, wherein the buffer device is operated in a discharge operation.

Identical or functionally equivalent elements are provided with the same reference numerals in all figures.

One in the 1 to 3 illustrated embodiment of a whole with 100 Specifically, the designated steam supply device serves to provide process steam, for example for driving a steam turbine device (not shown).

The steam delivery device 100 includes several pressurized water storage tanks 102 , which in particular as Ruthsspeicher 104 are formed.

Furthermore, the steam delivery device comprises 100 a heat storage device 106 by means of which heat from a heat source 108 is storable.

The heat source 108 For example, it may be a gas turbine apparatus (not shown) which, in use, generates an excess and thus possibly not fully usable amount of heat.

By means of the heat storage device 106 For example, the excess heat may be stored for later use.

The steam delivery device 100 further comprises a heat transfer device 110 for transferring heat from the heat storage device 106 on the pressurized water storage tank 102 ,

The heat transfer device 110 includes in particular a transfer fluid guide 112 by which a heat transfer fluid optionally one or more pressurized water storage tanks 102 , the heat storage device 106 and / or the heat source 108 can be fed.

By means of the transfer fluid guide 112 In particular, a closed circuit for the heat transfer fluid is formed.

The heat transfer fluid is in particular a gas, for example air.

For driving the heat transfer fluid in the transfer fluid guide 112 includes the heat transfer device 110 preferably one or more fans 114 ,

In particular, for coupling the heat transfer device 110 with the pressurized water storage tanks 102 are several heat exchangers 116 the steam delivery device 100 , in particular the heat transfer device 110 , intended.

The heat storage device 106 is for example as a solid heat storage 118 educated.

The heat storage device 106 in particular comprises one or more storage containers 120 , which with a storage medium 122 are filled.

The storage tank 120 is traversed by the heat transfer fluid. The heat transfer fluid preferably comes directly to the storage medium 122 in contact. This can heat very efficiently from the heat transfer medium to the storage medium 122 and / or from the storage medium 122 be transferred to the heat transfer medium.

The heat transfer in the heat storage device 106 is thus a direct contact heat transfer.

The heat transfer in the area of the pressurized water storage tank 102 on the other hand, there is an indirect heat transfer by means of the heat exchanger 116 ,

The steam delivery device 100 further comprises a water supply 124 , by means of which water to the pressurized water storage tanks 102 can be fed.

The water supply 124 includes a reservoir device 126 for receiving and providing the water and a pump device 128 for conveying the water to the pressurized water storage tanks 102 ,

That in the reservoir device 126 absorbed water is preferably by means of a heater 130 the steam delivery device 100 preheated. The heater 130 this can in particular heat from the heat storage device 106 and / or from the heat source 108 use.

For targeted supply of heat to each of the pressurized water storage tank 102 are several valves 132 intended.

Thus, individual pressurized water storage tanks 102 targeted heat supplied to generate steam.

This steam can be via a steam discharge 134 the steam delivery device 100 be dissipated.

The pressurized water storage tanks 102 are each with a balance valve 136 Mistake. In particular, the compensation valve 136 be used to remove water vapor from the pressurized water storage tank 102 let off when the pressurized water storage tank 102 filled with liquid water. An undesirable increase in pressure when filling the pressurized water storage tank 102 with water can be avoided.

The steam delivery device described above 100 works as follows:
By means of the heat source 108 First, the heat storage device 106 loaded with heat.

For this purpose, in particular, a heat transfer fluid alternately the heat source 108 and the heat storage device 106 fed, so that in the storage container 120 the heat storage device 106 arranged storage medium 122 is heated.

Especially when the heat source is switched off 108 can the heat storage device 106 be used for the production and supply of steam.

The valves 132 the heat transfer device 110 are switched so that a pressurized water storage tank 102 Heat from the heat storage device 106 can be fed.

At the in 1 shown circuit of the valves 132 is a first pressurized water storage tank 102 by heat from the heat storage device 106 heated.

The pressurized water storage tank 102 is during the heating of the water supply 124 and from the water vapor removal 134 decoupled. In addition, the compensation valve 136 of the first pressurized water storage tank 102 closed.

By heating the in the first pressurized water storage tank 102 arranged water can thus a high temperature and at the same time a high pressure in the pressurized water storage tank 102 be generated.

In particular 2 can be seen, is the first pressurized water storage tank 102 after being loaded with heat to provide steam.

The valve 132 will be closed. A (not shown) valve of the water vapor removal 134 will be opened.

About the steam removal 134 can the high pressure hot water from the first pressurized water storage tank 102 be dissipated and used in particular in the form of saturated steam.

For example, this saturated steam can be used to drive a steam turbine device (not shown).

By removing steam from the first pressurized water storage tank 102 decreases the water content of the pressurized water storage tank 102 as well as the temperature and pressure in the pressurized water storage tank 102 ,

After delivery of a certain amount of steam, the pressurized water storage tank 102 Consequently, again closed, in particular, a valve of the steam discharge 134 closed.

In particular 3 can be seen, is the first pressurized water storage tank 102 then by means of the water supply 124 again filled with water. In order to avoid an undesirable back pressure during filling, this is the compensation valve 136 open.

After filling the first pressurized water storage tank 102 with water can by re-supplying heat from the heat storage device 106 to the first pressurized water storage tank 102 again the in 1 shown initial state can be achieved.

In addition to the first pressurized water storage tank 102 are at the in the 1 to 3 illustrated embodiment of the steam delivery device 100 two further pressurized water storage tanks 102 namely, a second pressurized water storage tank 102b and a third pressurized water storage tank 102c , intended.

Like that 1 to 3 it can be seen, are the pressurized water storage tank 102 . 102b . 102c preferably always in mutually different operating conditions.

For example, while the first pressurized water storage tank 102 is heated, the second pressurized water storage tank 102b preferably filled with water. From the third pressurized water storage tank 102c In the meantime, steam, in particular saturated steam, is preferably removed (see 1 ).

As in particular from a comparison of 1 to 3 shows, the pressurized water storage tank 102 . 102b . 102c one after the other filled with water, heated and finally used for steam supply.

The pressurized water storage tanks 102 . 102b . 102c are in particular so sequentially in the different operating conditions, that in particular always at least one pressurized water storage tank 102 is prepared for the supply of steam. By means of the steam delivery device 100 Thus, in particular, a large amount of steam can be continuously provided over a long period of time.

The steam delivery device described above 100 is particularly suitable for use in a power plant 200 ,

A power plant 200 is in the 4 and 5 shown schematically and will be explained in more detail below.

The power plant 200 is for example a steam power plant.

Preferably, the power plant comprises 200 a steam generator 202 which is a flame zone 204 and a flue gas duct 206 includes.

Furthermore, the steam generator includes 202 preferably a steam guide 208 ,

The steam guide 208 is preferably in the steam generator 202 integrated that in the steam guide 208 guided water and / or in the steam guide 208 guided steam using in the flame zone 204 and / or the flue gas duct 206 contained and / or generated heat is heated.

In particular, the steam guide comprises 208 several heating loops 210 , which are around the flame zone 204 guided around and / or through the flue gas duct 206 passed through.

The steam generator 202 is thus in particular a heat exchanger for the transmission of heat generated by combustion processes to water or steam.

This flows in the flame zone 204 generated flue gas along a main flow direction 212 of the steam generator 202 or the flue gas duct 206 through the steam generator 202 therethrough.

At a flue gas outlet 214 the flue gas is preferably from the steam generator 202 dissipated.

The temperature of the flue gas at the flue gas outlet 214 is preferably minimal, since preferably the heat contained in the flue gas as much as possible to that in the steam guide 208 Guided water and / or in the steam guide 208 guided steam is transferable.

The one in the steam guide 208 guided and heated steam can in particular one or more (not shown) steam turbines of the power plant 200 are fed to ultimately convert the generated and transmitted heat into mechanical energy and finally electrical energy.

In particular, when the load requirements of the power plant 200 Subject to fluctuations, the steam generator needs 202 often operated with widely varying operating parameters.

Due to the design of the steam generator 202 Such a variable operation can be problematic and ultimately even too heavy a burden of individual components of the steam generator 202 to lead.

The power plant 200 therefore preferably comprises a buffer device 216 to optimize the dynamics of the steam generator 202 ,

In particular, by means of the buffer device 216 preferably independent of any other operation of the steam generator 202 one for the steam turbines and thus ultimately the generators of the power plant 202 provided amount of steam can be varied specifically.

Without a variation of the operation of the steam generator 202 thus can the power plant 200 preferably easily and efficiently meet different load requirements.

The buffer device 216 preferably comprises a heat buffer unit 218 and a vapor buffer unit 220 ,

The heat buffer unit 218 is preferably to the flue gas duct 206 coupled.

In particular, this is a flue gas branch 222 provided by means of which flue gas from the flue gas duct 206 of the steam generator 202 branchable and the heat buffer unit 218 can be fed.

The flue gas branch 222 is in particular immediately downstream of the flame zone 204 of the steam generator 202 arranged so that in particular very hot flue gas from the steam generator 202 can be dissipated.

That from the steam generator 202 branched flue gas may preferably directly into the heat buffer unit 218 be initiated.

The heat buffer unit 218 is especially as a direct contact solid reservoir 224 educated.

The heat buffer unit 218 is thus flowed through in particular with the flue gas, wherein heat by direct material contact of the flue gas to a heat storage material of the direct-contact solid reservoir 224 is transmitted.

The heat buffer unit 218 is in particular a heat storage device 106 a steam delivery device 100 ,

The buffer device 216 further includes a steam branch 226 , by means of which steam from the steam guide 208 branchable and the steam buffer unit 220 can be fed.

The steam branch 226 is preferably with respect to a main flow direction 212 the flue gas in the flue gas duct 206 immediately downstream of the flame zone 204 arranged.

As a result, preferably particularly hot steam from the steam guide 208 be dissipated.

About the steam diversion 226 In particular, the steam can be used as a sliding pressure accumulator 228 trained pressurized water storage tank 102 be supplied.

The sliding pressure accumulator 228 is in particular a Ruth store 230 ,

Preferably, the vapor buffer unit comprises 220 several sliding pressure accumulators 228 , in particular several Ruthsspeicher 230 ,

The buffer device 216 further preferably comprises a control device 232 for controlling the buffer device 216 ,

In particular, by means of the control device 232 one or more valve devices 234 the buffer device 216 selectively controlled, preferably for selective opening or for selectively closing the same.

By means of the control device 232 can the buffer device 216 preferably optionally in a loading operation (see 4 ) and in a discharge operation (see 5 ).

In the loading operation of the buffer device 216 is preferably at the same time steam from the steam guide 208 discharged and the steam buffer unit 220 supplied as well as flue gas from the flue gas duct 206 branched off and the heat buffer unit 218 fed.

By means of the buffer device 216 In loading mode, on the one hand, therefore, the medium used for heating from the steam generator 202 and on the other hand, the medium to be heated from the steam generator 202 dissipated.

In the end, this can provide a steam delivery performance, in particular a mass flow and / or volumetric flow rate for the steam turbines of the power plant 200 provided steam can be easily varied, without overheating of individual components of the steam generator 202 to risk, since at the same time the heat-providing (flue gas) is diverted.

The branched off steam quantity and the branched off flue gas quantity are preferential adapted to one another such that a temperature of the flue gas at the flue gas outlet 214 as well as the maximum temperature of the steam guide 208 guided steam is preferably unchanged, regardless of whether the buffer device 216 is operated in loading, unloading and / or in a deactivated operation.

After the buffer device 216 for a while during loading operation (see 4 ) is the heat buffer unit 218 loaded with heat. The steam buffer unit 220 is loaded with steam accordingly.

The buffer device 216 thus forms a heat and steam storage device.

To re-supply the stored heat and / or the stored vapor is the buffer device 216 preferably in the 5 shown unloading operation displaceable.

In this unloading operation is via a cold gas supply 236 the buffer device 216 Cold gas to the heat buffer unit 218 fed.

This cold gas is in the heat buffer unit 218 heated and as a hot gas in the flue gas duct 206 initiated.

The in loading operation as flue gas branch 222 serving access to the flue gas duct 206 thus forms a hot gas supply in the unloading operation 238 the buffer device 216 ,

In the unloading operation of the buffer device 216 is thus using the in the heat buffer unit 218 stored heat in the steam generator 202 increases the amount of heat available by adding additional hot gas to the flue gas duct 206 is supplied.

At the same time and preferably adapted to the supplied hot gas quantity is by means of the steam buffer unit 220 Steam to the steam guide 208 fed.

In particular, in the loading operation as steam diversion 226 serving access to the steam guide 208 in unloading operation as a steam supply 240 used so that steam from the steam buffer unit 220 to the steam guide 208 can be fed.

The heat buffer unit 218 and the vapor buffer unit 220 In this case, they can essentially be formed independently of one another and can be operated essentially independently of one another.

However, it can also be provided that the heat buffer unit 218 at the same time a heat storage device 106 which forms according to a steam delivery device 100 , especially in the 1 to 3 shown, can be used for additional steam supply.

The heat buffer unit 218 and the vapor buffer unit 220 then in particular together form a steam delivery device 100 ,

Because of that the power plant 200 a buffer device 216 includes, the power plant can 200 be operated very flexibly and with high dynamics. In particular, it is easy and efficient to respond to fluctuating electrical load requirements.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

100

 Steam supply device

102

 Pressurized water storage tank

102

 first pressurized water storage tank

102b

 second pressurized water storage tank

102c

 third pressurized water storage tank

104

 Ruth memory

106

 Heat storage device

108

 heat source

110

 Heat transfer device

112

 Transmission fluid guide

114

 fan

116

 Heat exchanger

118

 Solid heat storage

120

 storage container

122

 storage medium

124

 water supply

126

 reservoir means

128

 pump device

130

 heater

132

 Valve

134

 Steam export

136

 equalization valve

200

 power plant

202

 steam generator

204

 flame zone

206

 Exhaust gas line

208

 steam flow

210

 heating loop

212

 Main flow direction

214

 flue gas outlet

216

 buffer device

218

 Heat buffer unit

220

 Steam buffer unit

222

 Rauchgasabzweigung

224

 Touch-solid storage

226

 vapor tap

228

 Gleitdruckspeicher

230

 Ruth memory

232

 control device

234

 valve device

236

 Cold gas supply

238

 Hot gas supply

240

 steam supply

Claims (15)

Buffering process for a power plant ( 200 ), which a flue gas duct ( 206 ), a steam guide ( 208 ) and a buffer device ( 216 ), wherein the buffer device ( 216 ) a heat buffer unit ( 218 ) for connection to the flue gas duct ( 206 ) and a vapor buffer unit ( 220 ) for connection to the steam guide ( 208 ), wherein the buffer device ( 216 ) by means of a control device ( 232 ) is optionally placed in a loading operation and in an unloading operation, wherein in the loading operation a) flue gas from the flue gas duct ( 206 ) and the heat buffer unit ( 218 ) and at the same time b) steam from the steam guide ( 208 ) and the steam buffer unit ( 220 ) is supplied. Buffer method according to claim 1, characterized in that in the discharge operation cold gas through the heat buffer unit ( 218 ), heated therein and then as hot gas of the flue gas duct ( 206 ) is supplied. Buffer method according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that in the unloading steam from the steam buffer unit ( 220 ) and the steam guide ( 208 ) is supplied. Buffer method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that in the unloading operation using heat from the heat buffer unit ( 218 ) Steam in a steam delivery device ( 100 ) and the steam guide ( 208 ) is supplied. Buffer method according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the flue gas branch and / or the steam branch in the loading operation with respect to a main flow direction ( 212 ) of the flue gas in a steam generator ( 202 ) of the power plant ( 200 ) immediately downstream of a flame zone ( 204 ) he follows. Buffer method according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a hot gas supply and / or a steam supply in the discharge operation with respect to a main flow direction ( 212 ) of the flue gas in a steam generator ( 202 ) of the power plant ( 200 ) immediately downstream of a flame zone ( 204 ) he follows. Buffer method according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that a volume flow and / or a mass flow of the branched off in loading flue gas on the one hand and a volume flow and / or a mass flow of the branched off in the loading steam on the other hand are coordinated such that an outlet temperature of the flue gas at a flue gas outlet ( 214 ) of a steam generator ( 202 ) of the power plant ( 200 ) and / or a maximum steam temperature of the steam in the ( 208 ) guided steam in the loading operation and in a deactivated state of the buffer device ( 216 ) are substantially constant. Buffer device ( 216 ) for a power plant ( 200 ), the buffer device ( 216 ) a heat buffer unit ( 218 ) for connection to a flue gas duct ( 206 ) of the power plant ( 200 ) and a vapor buffer unit ( 220 ) for connection to a steam guide ( 208 ) of the power plant ( 200 ), wherein the buffer device ( 216 ) a control device ( 232 ) which is designed and arranged such that the buffer device ( 216 ) by means of the control device ( 232 ) optionally in a loading operation and in a discharge operation is displaceable, wherein in the loading operation flue gas from the flue gas duct ( 206 ) and the heat buffer unit ( 218 ) and at the same time steam from the steam guide ( 208 ) and the steam buffer unit ( 220 ) is supplied. Buffer device ( 216 ) according to claim 8, characterized in that the control device ( 232 ) is further designed and arranged such that cold gas is passed through the heat buffer unit (16) during the discharge operation ( 218 ), heated therein and then as flue gas of the flue gas duct ( 206 ) is supplied. Buffer device ( 216 ) according to one of claims 8 or 9, characterized in that the control device ( 232 ) is further configured and arranged such that in the unloading operation steam from the steam buffer unit ( 220 ) and the steam guide ( 208 ) is supplied. Buffer device ( 216 ) according to one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that the vapor buffer unit ( 220 ) a sliding pressure accumulator ( 228 ), in particular a Ruth store ( 230 ), or is a sliding pressure accumulator ( 228 ), in particular a Ruth store ( 230 ). Buffer device ( 216 ) according to one of claims 8 to 11, characterized in that the buffer device ( 216 ) a steam delivery device ( 100 ) for providing steam, in particular saturated steam, wherein the steam supply device ( 100 ) Comprising: - several pressurized water storage tanks ( 102 ); A water supply ( 124 ) for supplying water to the pressurized water storage tanks ( 102 ); A heat transfer device ( 110 ), by means of which optionally one or more pressurized water storage tanks ( 102 ) Heat from the heat buffer unit ( 218 ) and / or from a separate heat storage device ( 106 ) can be supplied; - A steam line, by means of which in the pressurized water storage tanks ( 102 ) generated steam to the steam guide ( 208 ) can be fed. Buffer device ( 216 ) according to one of claims 8 to 12, characterized in that the heat buffer unit ( 218 ) a direct contact solid reservoir ( 224 ), which can flow through the flue gas for heat absorption and comprises a heat storage medium which can be brought into material contact with the flue gas for heat transfer. Buffer device ( 216 ) according to one of claims 8 to 13, characterized in that the control device ( 232 ) is further configured and arranged such that in the discharge operation using heat from the heat buffer unit ( 218 ) Steam is generated and / or heated and the steam guide ( 208 ) is supplied. Power plant ( 200 ), comprising a flue gas duct ( 206 ), a steam guide ( 208 ) and a buffer device ( 216 ) according to one of claims 8 to 14.

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