DE102015014036A1 - security element - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for producing a security element (100, 100 ', 100 ") for a security or value document comprises the following steps: providing (S1) a substrate (10), applying (S2) a substance (20, 20', 20 '', 20 '' ', 41) on a first surface of the substrate (10) in such a way that when the substrate (10) is viewed in plan view, a first motif (12) becomes visible, and application (S3) of a watermark color (30, 30 ', 30 ") on the substrate (10) for producing a watermark (32) in the substrate (10) such that a second motif in the form of the watermark (32) can be seen when viewing the substrate (10) , The substance (20, 20 ', 20' ', 20' '', 41) and the watermark ink (30, 30 ', 30' ') are applied in register with each other at least in a partial area.

Description

The present invention relates to a method for producing a security element for a security or value document, for example for a banknote or the like, as well as a correspondingly produced security element and a security or value document with such a security element.

To increase the security against forgery of security or value documents, such as banknotes, watermarks are known. These are usually introduced in the production of the substrate from which the security element is manufactured. The substrate used is usually a fiber-based substrate, for example paper. A watermark is easily discernible when looking through the security element, since in the region of the watermark the opacity of the substrate is modified in comparison to the environment, i. H. In the area of the watermark the light transmission is higher than in the surrounding area. Conventionally, a watermark is generated by means of a thickness reduction of the substrate. However, it is also possible to generate a watermark by means of a so-called watermark color, for example to print. The watermark ink may contain substrate-lubricating binder components such as glycerine which cause the substrate in the region in which the watermark ink has been applied and penetrate the substrate over the entire substrate thickness to have increased transparency compared to the surrounding area ,

Object of the present invention is to propose a security element and a method for producing such a security element, which comprises a watermark and which has an increased security against forgery compared to a watermark.

This object is achieved by a method, a security element and a security or value document with the features of the independent claims. Advantageous embodiments and further developments are specified in the dependent claims.

The invention is based on the basic idea of producing a watermark by means of a watermark color and registering precisely by means of a suitable substance to apply a further motif to the substrate, which can be seen in plan view. This further motif and a motif represented by the watermark can in combination produce an incident light / transmitted-light effect which, together with the registration accuracy, is easily recognizable and difficult to falsify.

A preferred embodiment of a method for producing a security element for a security or value document comprises the following steps:
In a first step, a planar substrate is provided. Preferably, a fiber-based substrate, for example based on wood cellulose, cotton cellulose, synthetic fibers and / or flax fibers, is used. Corresponding substrates are known for example from the banknote area.

In a second step, a substance is applied locally on a first surface of the substrate in such a way that, when the first surface of the substrate is viewed in plan view, a first motif formed by the substance becomes recognizable. In addition, in the region in which the substance is applied to the substrate, the opacity of the substrate is generally increased, ie. H. The first motif is also visible in transmitted light.

In a third step, a watermark color is locally applied to the substrate for producing a watermark in the substrate. The watermark color can also be applied to the first surface of the substrate. Alternatively, the application is carried out in register on the opposite surface or on both surfaces. The watermark color is applied in such a way that when the substrate is viewed in a transparent manner, that is to say when the substrate is viewed through transmitted light, a second motif in the form of the watermark is recognizable.

The substance and the watermark color are applied in register with each other, d. H. the arrangement of the substrate relative to the watermark color is exactly matched. The sequence of steps two and three can also be reversed. If a corresponding device allows it, steps two and three can also take place simultaneously. The registration accuracy can be limited to a subregion of the substance or the watermark color, for example an edge or line, or of the substrate. Furthermore, the watermark color or the substance can be used up in register exactly.

In the described manner, when the substrate is viewed from the first surface, the first image generated by the substance appears in register with the second motif, that is, the watermark. The first motif and the second motif preferably each form a sub-motif of one Overall motif. In a plan view from the first surface only the first motif is recognizable, however, in a view from the first surface, the first motif in combination with the second motif can be seen, which are additionally arranged in register with each other.

The first and / or second motif could be, for example, value numbers, value names, pictorial motifs, in particular portrait, landmarks, alphanumeric motifs, graphic motifs, in particular design elements. For example, the portrait could be represented as a watermarked watermark and a surrounding landscape with the substance. The two motifs are preferably designed such that they complement each other visually in a transparent manner.

Such a manufactured security element has the following advantages. On the one hand, it is easily recognizable, even to a layman. On the other hand, it is due to the requirements of the registration accuracy of the watermark to the substance only with high equipment cost, d. H. with very up-to-date and highly specialized printing machines that can be produced, which allow a registration-accurate multi-color printing and which in particular a counterfeiter usually are not available.

Preferably, the substance and the watermark color are each applied to the substrate by means of different application plants, for example by means of different inking units of a printing press. The substrate is due to the very high requirement of the registration accuracy of the substance relative to the watermark color, on a common for the two application plants counter-pressure cylinder of the corresponding machine.

According to a first preferred variant of the method, the watermark color is printed on the substrate for producing the watermark. It may be sufficient that the substrate is only printed on one side with the watermark ink, which then penetrates into the substrate and this penetrates completely preferably.

According to a preferred embodiment, the watermark color can be printed in register on both surfaces of the substrate. In this way, complete penetration of even a thick substrate can be achieved. The registration, d. H. the two-sided register-accurate application of the watermark color, may be necessary to obtain a watermark, which provides a uniform appearance over the entire area of the watermark.

In principle, the watermark color can be printed by means of various printing methods. Usable printing methods are, for example, a screen printing method, a flexographic printing method, an offset printing method, a high-pressure method, a gravure printing method, an inkjet printing method or a laser printing method, in particular by means of liquid toner.

The watermark color may include a dye at least translucent in the visual spectrum. In this way, by means of the watermark color, in addition to providing a modification of the opacity in the region of the watermark, a color impression can be mediated. Such a color impression can increase the recognizability of the security element.

In this case, dyes and / or pigments can be used, which are visible in the visual spectrum. Alternatively or additionally, it is also possible to use dyes and / or pigments which are preferably excitable and / or recognizable only in the infrared spectrum or in the ultraviolet spectrum. For evaluating such dyes, irradiation in the corresponding spectral range can take place during the examination of the security element.

According to a preferred variant, the substance for forming the first motif in the form of a printing ink is printed on the substrate. Such an ink may in particular comprise colored organic pigments or dyes and / or inorganic pigments.

Such a printing ink can also be printed onto the substrate by means of various printing methods, for example by screen printing, by flexographic printing, by offset printing, by high-speed printing, by inkjet printing or by laser printing.

It is understood that, depending on the requirements and equipment of a device used to produce the security element either for applying the watermark ink and for applying the substance, such as a printing ink, each suitable printing method can be selected, depending for example on the nature of the motives and / or Type of ink used. In this respect, any combination of the printing methods described above is to be regarded as a possible embodiment.

In one embodiment, the substance consists of a dark, preferably black, Ink. The dark, in particular black, printing ink causes a subsequently applied further layer, for example a further substance, to become visually visible only when viewed from above. The further layer is, for example, a transparent or translucent interference color based on mica, synthetic mica or liquid crystal. The registration accuracy is preferably controlled by the dark, preferably black, ink. In principle, the substance applied to the substrate and / or the further substance could be of similar design. Alternatively, at least one substance or the further substance may differ from the substance or the further substance.

In a further embodiment, the further layer is a transfer element based on a transparency hologram, a volume hologram or a transparent or translucent interference layer, which only comes into effect on the dark background. In both cases of the further layer, there is no visual disturbance of the supernatant on the dark layer when viewing the substrate, as the further layer is not or not substantially perceived in the transparent, thus complementing the visibility of the printed watermark visible or colored print not hindered.

In another embodiment, instead of a dark printing ink as a substance or additionally a reflective, preferably metallic, color is applied to the watermark color. This metallic ink is based z. B. on aluminum flakes, gold bronze flakes, aluminum coated foil particles (eg., Metallurefarbe Eckart), hologram flakes, etc.

The reflective layer can be coated by means of the or another transparent or translucent diffractive transfer element.

In one variant, instead of a transfer element in the region of the reflective layer, an embossed structure which can be detected, in particular haptically or tactually, is formed. The visual perception may differ from the haptic perception. The embossed structure can be applied, for example, by means of an embossing machine and / or in intaglio printing as blind embossing (not ink-conducting) so that an effect, for example an angle-dependent change of information, is easily recognizable only in an overlapping zone of the watermark color with the substance. The embossing structure outside the overlapping zone with the watermark color does not or only insignificantly disturbs the transparency of the registration situation of the reflective layer with respect to the printed watermark.

Alternatively to the use of a printing ink, the substance can also be applied in the form of a coating in the context of a cold or heat seal application. The coating can be applied, for example, as a metallic coating, in particular on a carrier substrate or as a film coating.

In a preferred variant, an activatable adhesive layer is applied as a substance in register with the watermark color. During and / or after the application of the coating, in particular as a film, the adhesive is activated in the adhesive layer. For example, the adhesive is activated by means of infrared (IR) radiation, ultraviolet (UV) radiation, hot air and / or magnetic induction. The coating, for example as a metallization on the carrier substrate, can be transferred from the carrier through the activated adhesive to the substrate, for example corresponding to a printed motif of the adhesive.

According to a preferred embodiment, such a coating comprises diffractive structures, that is, it can be present for example as a hologram or the like.

The applied substance is preferably recognizable especially in the visual spectrum. It is also possible to use a substance which is additionally detectable in the infrared spectrum and / or in the ultraviolet spectrum. In this way, additional options for checking the security element can be provided.

Furthermore, the substance can comprise machine-readable feature substances which further increase the security against forgery of the security element and simplify additional testing of the security element.

The substance may include, for example, magnetic feature substances, luminescent feature substances, electrically conductive feature substances and / or optically variable feature substances, for example piezochromic, thermochromic and / or photochromic feature substances.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the method, an additional substrate can be applied in the area of the watermark, ie at least partially overlapping to the watermark, on the surface opposite the first surface of the substrate, for example in the form of a further imprint. The additional substrate is in the visual spectrum at least translucent, preferably transparent to the Transmitted light effect, which the watermark provides, not to be affected.

Furthermore, the additional substrate comprises a dye or a luminescent substance, which can provide a further optical effect when the security element is examined in transmitted light.

A security element according to the invention for a security or value document is produced by a method described above.

An inventive security or value document comprises such a security element.

The present invention will be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. Show:

The 1A to 1C schematically various preferred embodiments of a security element according to the invention;

The 2A to 2C a view of the security elements from the 1A to 1C in supervision;

The 3A to 3C a view of the security elements of the 1A to 1C with transmitted light observation;

4A to 4H Embodiments of security elements; and

5 Steps of a preferred embodiment of a method for producing a security element according to one of 1A to 1C ,

In the 1A to 1C each is a substrate 10 represented by means of a substance 20 a first motif 12, in the example shown a circular ring portion, has been applied. As shown, a circular ring section is to be understood as a combination of a circular section (or circular segment) and a circular ring. In the substrate 10 is still using a watermark color 30 a watermark 32 . 32 ' . 32 '' produced, that is an area 32 . 32 ' . 32 '' , in which the opacity of the substrate 10 has been modified compared to the surrounding area, ie reduced here. In this way, the security elements arise 100 . 100 ' . 100 '' ,

It is essential in each case that the watermark color 30 and the substance 20 register with each other on the substrate 10 have been applied, as described below with reference to the 3A to 3C described in more detail and in 4 is illustrated.

In general, as a substance 20 a printing ink used to create the first motif 12 on the substrate 10 is printed with a suitable printing method. Also the watermark color 30 can by means of a printing process on one or both surfaces of the substrate 10 are printed and then penetrates the substrate 10 substantially completely.

The 2A to 2C each show the security element 100 . 100 ' . 100 '' according to the 1A to 1C as it appears to a viewer in supervision. In each case, only the first motif 12 recognizable, but not the watermark 32 . 32 ' . 32 '' , because this appears only in transmitted light, but not in reflected light.

For comparison, in the 3A to 3C each the security element 100 . 100 ' . 100 '' according to the 1A to 1C shown, as it appears to a viewer in transmitted light, that is in transmitted light viewing. Again he recognizes the first motif 12 , also due to the usually higher opacity, compared to the substrate, due to the substance 20 is produced. In addition, he now also recognizes the watermark 32 . 32 ' . 32 '' because of in the area of the watermark 32 . 32 ' . 32 '' present increased light transmittance of the substrate 10 ,

Due to the fact that the substance 20 , by means of which the first motive 12 has been generated, and the watermark color 30 with the watermark 32 . 32 ' . 32 '' has been generated, are arranged in register with each other, results in consideration of the security elements 100 . 100 ' . 100 '' according to the 1A to 1C respectively the impression that one by the first motive 12 represented first part information with a by the watermark 32 . 32 ' . 32 '' represented second part information forms a total information that can be easily recognized by a viewer.

In 3A the total information consists of a circular ring. The annulus optically resets through a first annulus portion of the annulus provided by the first subject and through a second annulus portion provided by the second subject, ie, the watermark 32 . 32 ' . 32 '' , which represents the shape of a circular ring section - directly or indirectly - together. Only by the fact that the watermark color 30 and the substance 20 register with each other on the substrate 10 can be applied, the effect of the overall information of a circular ring can be achieved in the manner shown. Already small register fluctuations when applying the Watermark color relative to the substance 20 destroy this effect or let a fake of the security element 100 . 100 ' . 100 '' recognize in a simple way.

Also in 3B the total information consists of a circular ring, wherein a first circular ring section 12 also here by the first motive 12 provided. In contrast to 3A Now the second annulus section is only indirectly via the watermark 32 ' provided by one within the watermark 32 ' lying area in which the opacity compared to the starting substrate 40 has been left unchanged.

Similarly, also according to 3C a circular ring is the total information, which is composed of two circular ring sections, wherein the first circular ring section 12 through the first motif 12 is provided and the second annulus section by one within the watermark 32 '' lying, from the watermark 32 '' recessed area is provided. Compared to the security element 3B now lies the first motive 12 within the watermark 32 '' , ie within a range of increased light transmission, and is therefore particularly well visible in transmitted light.

It is understood that the counterfeit security of a security element 100 . 100 ' . 100 '' according to the 1A to 1C can be further increased by using suitable printing inks. In particular, it is possible to provide the printing inks with feature substances which are recognizable, for example, in the infrared and / or ultraviolet spectral range. Furthermore, alternatively or additionally machine-readable feature substances of the substance 20 be added, for example, electrically conductive, magnetic, or optically variable feature substances. Furthermore, alternatively or additionally printing inks with fluorescent and / or phosphorescent properties can be used.

Also the watermark color 30 may include dyes that become visible in the visual spectrum or in the adjacent spectral region, optionally after appropriate irradiation. In particular, the watermark color 30 Feature substances as explained for the inks include.

4A shows an example of a security element according to 1A in a cross-sectional view taken along the line IV-IV 1A , It can be seen in particular that the substance 20 as a print layer exactly in register with the watermark color 30 on the substrate 10 is arranged. The watermark color 30 is already in the substrate 10 penetrated, this has completely interspersed and the light transmittance of the substrate 10 increased in the area concerned. It is understood that 4A only shows a schematic cross-sectional view, wherein the representation no information regarding the dimension of the print layer 20 and the substrate thickness of the substrate 10 can be derived.

4B shows by way of example a further embodiment of a security element according to the invention. On a flat substrate 10 is similar to 4A a watermark color 30 applied, in particular printed. The watermark color 30 is in the substrate 10 penetrates and passes through the substrate 10 from a first, upper surface to a second, lower surface. True to the watermark color 30 is a substance 20 , For example, a printing ink, on the substrate 10 applied, in particular printed.

Another substance 41 at least in sections covers the substance 20 , preferably in a predetermined pattern. The further substance 41 is preferably arranged on the security element so that it contains the substance 20 at least partially overlapped and the substrate 10 and / or the watermark color 30 covered at least in sections. The further substance 41 is presently substantially transparent or translucent, so that when viewing the security element in the review, the registration of the watermark color 30 to the substance is not or only slightly hampered. The further substance 41 is preferably by means of printing, in particular by means of a screen printing process, a flexographic printing process, an offset printing process, a high-pressure process, a gravure printing process, an inkjet printing process or a laser printing process, on the substrate or on the substance 20 applied.

The substance 20 and the other substance 41 are preferably formed visually so as to contrast with each other. Preferably, the substance has 20 a dark color rendering, ie, the substance 20 has a high light absorption. In particular, at a high light absorption in a spectrum visible to the human eye, the substance appears 20 a viewer visually dark to black, for example, black ink. The further substance 41 preferably has an optical reproduction similar to that of the substrate, preferably equivalent.

The on the substance 20 applied further substance 41 may be formed as a transparent or translucent interference color, preferably based on mica, synthetic mica or liquid crystal.

Because of the substance 20 formed contrast is the other substance 41 only in the area of substance 20 visible, noticeable. Especially with a transparent basis of the further substance 41 is a registration of the other substance 41 to the watermark color 30 guaranteed. The registration accuracy is about the substance 20 controlled.

Alternatively or additionally, the combination of substance 20 and more substance 41 on the upper surface of the substrate and the upper surface of the opposite lower surface, preferably matched to each other, are applied. The substances used 20 as well as other substances 41 may be similar and / or different to each other.

Alternatively or additionally, a second substance could be 20 at a different position and / or location to the substance 20 be applied. The second substance 20 can from a second further substance 41 be covered, which have similar optical properties to the other substance 41 but may be different. Instead of applying two more substances 41 can only be one more substance 41 are applied, which are the first and second substance 20 covered. For example, here as another substance 41 a substantially transparent film and / or a substantially transparent pressure may be used.

In the 4C a further embodiment of a security element according to the invention is shown. The security element of 4C is similar to that of 4A , In contrast to 4A is the substance 20 on two surfaces or sides of the substrate 10 accurate to the watermark color 30 applied, namely on an upper surface (top) of the substrate 10 represented as a substance 20 ' and a lower surface (underside) of the substrate 10 represented as a substance 20 '' and substance 20 '' , According to this embodiment, the substance is located 20 ' on the top in terms of their areal position equal to that of the substance 20 '' on the bottom (see dashed line). Put to the substance 20 '' on the bottom of the substrate 10 , but adapted to the watermark color 30 , is on the bottom of the substrate 10 the further substance 20 ''' applied.

The substances 20 ' . 20 '' and 20 ''' may be the same or different from the material composition. For example, it is the substance 20 ' around a red color and at the substance 20 '' by a blue ink, by the substance 20 '' but again a red color. Furthermore, the substances can 20 ' . 20 '' . 20 ''' also contain different additional features for luminescence and / or phosphorescence, IR-absorbing and / or UV-absorbing substances and / or magnetizable substances.

As related to the substances 20 '' and 20 ''' In one embodiment, the position of the substance may be shown 20 on the top to the position of the substance 20 '' on the bottom of the substrate 10 vary, with the two on the substrate 10 applied substances continue to register exactly to the watermark color 30 are arranged. Each of the substances 20 ' . 20 '' . 20 ''' is in this case at least partially matched to the watermark color 30 arranged.

The 4D shows one to 4A similar security element. In comparison to 4A but permeates the watermark color 30 viewed from one side does not completely cover the substrate 10 but preferably has defined penetration depths. In the illustration according to 4D was from two sides of the substrate 10 each applied a watermark color, so that from the top of the watermark color 30 ' and from the bottom the watermark color 30 '' in the substrate 10 is trained. By applying both sides of the respective watermark color 30 ' and 30 '' On the other hand, transparency in this area is increasing again. Based on an overlap and the penetration depth of the watermark color 30 may have shades or visual gradations in the watermark color 30 generated motif are generated.

From the example shown the 4D it can be seen that the watermark color 30 from two sides at least in a partial area fit on the substrate 10 was applied, namely from the top and from the bottom. According to the penetration depth of the watermark color 30 can or is between the applied on the top and in the substrate 10 diffused watermark color 30 ' and the applied on the bottom and in the substrate 10 diffused watermark color 30 '' Material of the substrate 10 which is not from the watermark color 30 is penetrated, arranged. The watermark colors which are preferably not visible in the field of view in the visible region 30 ' and or 30 '' contain in a particular embodiment different visible in the human eye spectrum (VIS area) not recognizable additional features such. B. IR absorbing substances or and luminescent substances. The watermark colors 30 ' and 30 '' may be the same or different from each other.

The 4E shows a further embodiment of a security element according to the invention. The security element according to 4E is similar to the security element 4A , The substrate 10 points in the area of the substance 20 as well as in the Area of watermark color 30 a so-called genuine or paper-making watermark 11 , The real watermark 11 results from a thickness modulation and / or density modulation of the substrate 10 , The visual and mechanical effects, which with the real watermark 11 be achieved, in review with the visual effects associated with the substance 20 and the watermark color 30 be achieved, combined.

The real watermark 11 may have a uniform thickness reduction in the area of the security element, in order overall to increase the transparency of the substrate 10 increase in this area. In another embodiment, the real watermark 11 a modulated motif, which complements the printed watermark motif. For example, the printed watermark shows a contour of the subject (eg, fish) and the real watermark shows a wave structure (eg, water). The substance 20 is customized and preferably complementary to the motif of the printed watermark 30 educated. The real watermark 11 is preferably neither adapted to the substance 20 still to the printed watermark or watermark color 30 educated.

In a further embodiment, the printed watermark includes a modulated line grid, which reveals a moire image in phantom with a line raster of the true watermark.

Instead of the real watermark 11 At this point, the substrate may also have a mechanical paper removal carried out in papermaking (eg by means of a CO2 laser).

In the 4F a further embodiment of the security element according to the invention is shown. The illustrated security element is similar to the security element 4B , however, is the more substance 41 not over the substance 20 applied but from the substance 20 offset and on the substance 20 opposite side of the substrate 10 arranged. In the present case the other substance covers up 20 the range of watermark color 30 , Compared to the other substance 41 out 4B in which the more substance 41 is preferably formed substantially transparent, is the present further substance 41 any opacity conceivable. In particular, an opaque color layer would be an additional substance 41 possible. In the positioning of the other substance 41 to the watermark color 30 becomes a registration of the substance 20 to the watermark color 30 not obstructed, as in review of the substance 20 and a subsection of the watermark color 30 , which essentially shows the passers situation, is not hindered or disturbed. The further substance 41 is therefore not limited. In the execution according to 4B In particular, an opaque further substance would 41 the registration of the substance 20 to the watermark color 30 to disturb.

In the 4G the security element is shown when looking at the first upper surface (top). With exclusive supervision are the substrate 10 as well as with the substance 20 printed area recognizable. When looking only at the top surface of the security element, only the watermark color is 30 and preferably translucent, the overlapping region of the further substance 41 with the watermark color 30 recognizable. The area where the more substance 41 with the substrate 10 without watermark color 30 overlaps, appears to the viewer in view of the upper surface only as a substrate 10 , The viewer would therefore only that of the watermark color 30 formed motif with translucent further substance 41 detect.

In a combination of supervision and transparency, ie transmitted light combined with ambient light, the viewer would become the substrate 10 , the substance 20 , the motif of the watermark color 30 , at least so far not from the other substance 41 covered, and the other substance 41 , so far in overlap with the watermark color 30 , detect. The further substance 41 without combination with the watermark color 30 would be from the substrate 10 covered.

The 4H shows the security element from the 4F and 4G looking at the second, lower surface (underside). In exclusively reflected light or supervision is for the viewer, only the substrate 10 as well as the further substance 41 visible, noticeable. In the case of exclusive review, the viewer recognizes the motif of the watermark color 30 without the overlap area with the other substance 41 as well as translucent the overlap area of watermark color 30 and more substance 41 ,

In a combination of supervision and review, the viewer recognizes both the motif of the watermark color 30 as well as the further substance 41 ,

From the 4B . 4F . 4G and 4H is clearly recognizable that using a combination of the substance 20 , the watermark color 30 and more substance 41 different registration-accurate optical effects can be achieved, which are motives of the applied substance 20 , Watermark color 30 and further substance 41 expand or supplement to other holistic motives can. A fake can be detected quickly and safely.

Even if in the 4A to 4H Different embodiments of a security element are shown, it is obvious for a person skilled in the art to make combinations of at least partial features of the embodiments. Rather, the embodiments shown are merely exemplary possibilities. Preferably, the substance 20 , further substance 41 and watermark color 30 Registered and / or simultaneously on the substrate 10 applied.

In 5 are steps of a preferred embodiment of a method for producing a security element described above 100 . 100 ' . 100 '' specified.

In step S1, a suitable substrate, for example a fiber-based substrate, is formed 10 based on wood cellulose, cotton cellulose, synthetic fibers and / or flax fibers.

In step S2 is applied to the substrate 10 a substance 20 for generating a recognizable in supervision first motif 12 applied. In particular, as a substance 20 a suitable ink on the substrate 10 be printed.

Accurate to the substance 20 becomes a watermark color in another step 30 on the substrate 10 applied, thereby creating a watermark 32 in the substrate to produce, which is recognizable as a second subject in transmitted light for a viewer. Also the watermark color 30 can on the substrate 10 be printed.

Preferably, the substance 20 and the watermark color 30 in this case by means of various application plants, for example by means of two inking units of a suitably equipped printing press, on the substrate 10 applied. The substrate 10 is located on a common for the two application units impression cylinder to the required high registration accuracy between substance 20 and watermark color 30 to reach.

• 1. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Sicherheitselements für ein Sicherheits- oder Wertdokument, umfassend die Schritte: – Bereitstellen eines flächigen Substrats; – lokales Aufbringen einer Substanz auf einer ersten Oberfläche des Substrats derart, dass bei Betrachtung der ersten Oberfläche des Substrats in Aufsicht ein durch die Substanz gebildetes erstes Motiv erkennbar wird, – lokales Aufbringen einer Wasserzeichenfarbe auf das Substrat zum Herstellen eines Wasserzeichens in dem Substrat derart, dass bei Betrachtung des Substrats in Durchsicht ein zweites Motiv in Form des Wasserzeichens erkennbar wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Substanz und die Wasserzeichenfarbe passergenau zueinander aufgebracht werden, so dass bei Betrachtung des Substrats in Durchsicht von der ersten Oberfläche her das erste Motiv passergenau zu dem zweiten Motiv erscheint, also z. B. als erstes und zweites Teilmotiv eines Gesamtmotivs.
• 2. Verfahren nach Abschnitt 1, wobei die Substanz und die Wasserzeichenfarbe mittels zweier verschiedener Applikationswerke aufgebracht werden, wobei das Substrat dabei auf einem für die beiden Applikationswerke gemeinsamen Gegendruckzylinder anliegt. Dabei kann das Substrat über den Gegendruckzylinder geführt werden. Die Applikationswerke sind entsprechend an bzw. um den Gegendruckzylinder angeordnet. Der Gegendruckzylinder dient zur Führung des Substrats an die Applikationswerke. Der Gegendruckzylinder ist vorzugsweise in einem Druckwerk rotationsfähig angeordnet. Ein Applikationswerk kann beispielsweise ein Übertragungszylinder einer Offsetdruckmaschine sein. Das Applikationswerk beispielsweise in Form des Übertragungszylinders und/oder einer Druckwalze, beispielsweise für Tiefdruck oder Hochdruck, wird synchron zur Bewegung des Substrats an das Substrat geführt. Der Gegendruckzylinder dient zum Beispiel als mechanisches Gegenlager für wenigstens eines der Applikationswerke und/oder zur positionierten Lagerung und Führung des Substrats relativ zu wenigstens einem der Applikationswerke.
• 3. Verfahren nach Abschnitt 1 oder 2, wobei die Substanz auf einer ersten Seite des Substrats und die Wasserzeichenfarbe auf einer zweiten Seite des Substrats aufgebracht werden. In einer Ausführungsform sind die erste Seite und die zweite Seite gegenüberliegend am Substrat angeordnet.
• 4. Verfahren gemäß einem der Abschnitte 1 bis 3, wobei vorzugsweise die Wasserzeichenfarbe und das Substrats zeitgleich aufgebracht werden. Das zeitgleiche Aufbringen kann beispielsweise anhand einer Supersimultandruckmaschine erreicht werden. Es kann eine sehr gute Passersituation bezüglich der Position der Wasserzeichenfarbe relativ zur Position der Substanz erreicht werden. Beispielsweise bei zeitgleichem Aufbringen bzw. Aufdrucken der Wasserzeicherfarbe und der Substanz gemäß Abschnitt 3, d. h. dass die Substanz auf die erste Seite aufgebracht wird und zeitglich die Wasserzeichenfarbe auf die zweite Seite des Substrats aufgebracht wird, kann eine besonders gute Passersituation bezüglich der ersten zur zweiten Seite, beispielsweise Vorder- zu Rückseite, erzielt werden. Insbesondere ist ein besonders gute Abgleich der Position der Wasserzeichenfarbe relativ zur Substanz möglich.
• 5. Verfahren nach einem der Abschnitte 1 bis 4, wobei die Wasserzeichenfarbe zum Herstellen des Wasserzeichens, insbesondere auf eine Oberfläche des Substrats, aufgedruckt wird.
• 6. Verfahren einem Abschnitte 1 bis 5, wobei die Substanz auf eine Oberfläche des Substrats aufgedruckt wird.
• 7. Verfahren nach einem der Abschnitte 1 oder 2, wobei die Wasserzeichenfarbe auf die erste Oberfläche des Substrats aufgedruckt wird.
• 8. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Abschnitte, wobei die Wasserzeichenfarbe vorzugsweise registerhaltig auf beide Oberflächen des Substrats aufgebracht wird.
• 9. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Abschnitte, wobei die Wasserzeichenfarbe im Siebdruckverfahren aufgebracht wird.
• 10. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Abschnitte 1 bis 8, wobei die Wasserzeichenfarbe im Tief- oder Flexodruckverfahren aufgebracht wird.
• 11. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Abschnitte 1 bis 8, wobei die Wasserzeichenfarbe im Offsetdruckverfahren aufgebracht wird.
• 12. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Abschnitte, wobei die Wasserzeichenfarbe im Hochdruckverfahren aufgebracht wird.
• 13. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Abschnitte, wobei die Wasserzeichenfarbe im Inkjet-Druckverfahren aufgebracht wird.
• 14. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Abschnitte, wobei die Wasserzeichenfarbe im Laserdruckverfahren aufgebracht wird.
• 15. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Abschnitte, wobei die Wasserzeichenfarbe zumindest einen im visuellen Spektrum zumindest transluzenten Farbstoff und/oder zumindest ein im visuellen Spektrum zumindest transluzentes Pigmentumfasst.
• 16. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Abschnitte, wobei die Wasserzeichenfarbe zumindest einen Farbstoff und/oder zumindest ein Pigment umfasst, das im visuellen Spektrum erkennbar ist.
• 17. Verfahren nach einem der Abschnitte 1 bis 16, wobei die Wasserzeichenfarbe zumindest einen Farbstoff und/oder zumindest ein Pigment umfasst, wobei der Farbstoff bzw. das Pigment im infraroten Spektrum erkennbar ist.
• 18. Verfahren nach einem der Abschnitte 1 bis 17, wobei die Wasserzeichenfarbe zumindest einen Farbstoff und/oder zumindest ein Pigment umfasst, wobei der Farbstoff bzw. das Pigment im ultravioletten Spektrum erkennbar ist. Das heißt, die Wasserzeichenfarbe bzw. das Pigment kann zur Emission von Licht im ultravioletten Spektrum angeregt werden.
• 19. Verfahren nach einem der Abschnitte 1 bis 18, wobei die Wasserzeichenfarbe einen Farbstoff bzw. ein Pigment umfasst, der/das eine elektromagnetische Strahlung, insbesondere Licht, in einem bestimmten Spektrum absorbiert. Insbesondere kann vorgesehen sein, dass der Farbstoff bzw. das Pigment bestimmte Farbanteile, beispielsweise blau, einen ultravioletten Anteil und/oder einen infraroten Anteil auftreffenden Lichts absorbiert.
• 20. Verfahren nach einem der Abschnitte 1 bis 19, wobei die Substanz in Form einer Druckfarbe, insbesondere auf eine Oberfläche des Substrats, aufgebracht, vorzugsweise aufgedruckt, wird.
• 21. Verfahren nach Abschnitt 20, wobei die Druckfarbe im Siebdruckverfahren aufgebracht wird.
• 22. Verfahren nach Abschnitt 20, wobei die Druckfarbe im Tief- oder Flexodruckverfahren aufgebracht wird.
• 23. Verfahren nach Abschnitt 20, wobei die Druckfarbe im Offsetdruckverfahren aufgebracht wird.
• 24. Verfahren nach Abschnitt 20, wobei die Druckfarbe im Hochdruckverfahren aufgebracht wird.
• 25. Verfahren nach Abschnitt 20, wobei die Druckfarbe im Inkjet-Druckverfahren aufgebracht wird.
• 26. Verfahren nach Abschnitt 20, wobei die Druckfarbe im Laserdruckverfahren aufgebracht wird.
• 27. Verfahren nach einem der Abschnitte 1 bis 20, wobei die Substanz in Form einer Beschichtung, insbesondere im Rahmen einer Kalt- oder Heißsiegelapplikation, aufgebracht wird.
• 28. Verfahren nach Abschnitt 27, wobei die Beschichtung als metallische Beschichtung aufgebracht wird.
• 29. Verfahren nach einem der Abschnitt 27 oder 28, wobei die Beschichtung als Folienbeschichtung aufgebracht wird.
• 30. Verfahren nach einem der Abschnitt 27 bis 29, wobei die Beschichtung diffraktive Strukturen umfasst.
• 31. Verfahren nach einem der Abschnitt 1 bis 30, wobei die aufgebrachte Substanz im visuellen Spektrum erkennbar ist. In einer Ausführungsform kann die Substanz entsprechend zumindest einen im visuellen Spektrum zumindest transluzenten Farbstoff und/oder zumindest ein im visuellen Spektrum zumindest transluzentes Pigment umfassen. In einer Ausführungsform kann die Substanz zumindest einen Farbstoff und/oder zumindest ein Pigment umfassen, das im visuellen Spektrum erkennbar ist.
• 32. Verfahren nach einem der Abschnitte 1 bis 31, wobei die aufgebrachte Substanz im infraroten Spektrum erkennbar ist. Die Substanz kann zumindest einen Farbstoff und/oder zumindest ein Pigment umfassen, wobei der Farbstoff bzw. das Pigment im infraroten Spektrum erkennbar ist
• 33. Verfahren nach einen der Absätze 1 bis 32, wobei die aufgebrachte Substanz im ultravioletten Spektrum erkennbar ist. Die Substanz kann zumindest einen Farbstoff und/oder zumindest ein Pigment umfassen, wobei der Farbstoff bzw. das Pigment im ultravioletten Spektrum erkennbar ist. Das heißt, die Wasserzeichenfarbe bzw. das Pigment kann zur Emission von Licht im ultravioletten Spektrum angeregt werden.
• 34. Verfahren nach einem der Abschnitte 1 bis 33, wobei die Substanz einen Farbstoff bzw. ein Pigment umfasst, der/das eine elektromagnetische Strahlung, insbesondere Licht, in einem bestimmten Spektrum absorbiert. Insbesondere kann vorgesehen sein, dass der Farbstoff bzw. das Pigment bestimmte Farbanteile, beispielsweise blau, einen ultravioletten Anteil und/oder einen infraroten Anteil auftreffenden Lichts absorbiert.
• 35. Verfahren nach einem der Abschnitte 1 bis 34, wobei die Substanz und/oder die Wasserzeichenfarbe maschinell lesbare Merkmalsstoffe umfasst.
• 36. Verfahren nach einem der Abschnitte 1 bis 35, wobei die Substanz und/oder die Wasserzeichenfarbe magnetische Merkmalsstoffe umfasst.
• 37. Verfahren nach einem der Abschnitte 1 bis 36, wobei die Substanz und/oder die Wasserzeichenfarbe lumineszierende Merkmalsstoffe umfasst.
• 38. Verfahren nach einem der Abschnitte 1 bis 37, wobei die Substanz und/oder die Wasserzeichenfarbe elektrisch leitfähige Merkmalsstoffe umfasst.
• 39. Verfahren nach einem der Abschnitte 1 bis 38, wobei die Substanz und/oder die Wasserzeichenfarbe optisch variable Merkmalsstoffe umfasst.
• 40. Verfahren nach einem der Abschnitte 1 bis 39, wobei die Substanz und/oder die Wasserzeichenfarbe piezochrome Merkmalsstoffe umfasst.
• 41. Verfahren nach einem der Abschnitte 1 bis 40, wobei die Substanz und/oder die Wasserzeichenfarbe thermochrome Merkmalsstoffe umfasst.
• 42. Verfahren nach einem der Abschnitte 1 bis 41, wobei die Substanz und/oder die Wasserzeichenfarbe photochrome Merkmalsstoffe umfasst.
• 43. Verfahren nach einem der Abschnitte 1 bis 42, wobei als Substrat ein faserbasiertes Substrat, z. B. auf Basis von Holzcellulose, Baumwollcellulose Kunststofffasern und/oder Flachsfasern, bereitgestellt wird.
• 44. Verfahren nach einem der Abschnitte 1 bis 43, wobei auf das Substrat zumindest teilweise im Bereich des Wasserzeichens auf der der ersten Oberfläche gegenüberliegenden Oberfläche ein Zusatzsubstrat aufgebracht wird, welches im visuellen Spektrum zumindest transluzent ist und einen Farbstoff oder einen Lumineszenzstoff umfasst.
• 45. Sicherheitselement für ein Sicherheits- oder Wertdokument, hergestellt mit einem Verfahren gemäß den Merkmalen nach einem der Abschnitte 1 bis 44.
• 46. Sicherheits- oder Wertdokument mit einem Sicherheitselement nach Abschnitt 45.

In the following numbered paragraphs, finally preferred embodiments of the present invention are given:

• A method of manufacturing a security element for a security or value document, comprising the steps of: providing a planar substrate; Locally depositing a substance on a first surface of the substrate in such a way that a first motif formed by the substance becomes visible when the first surface of the substrate is viewed in a top view, locally applying a watermark color to the substrate for producing a watermark in the substrate in such a way, in that a second motif in the form of the watermark is recognizable when the substrate is viewed in a transparent manner, characterized in that the substance and the watermark color are applied precisely to one another so that, when the substrate is viewed from the first surface, the first motif is in register with the first image second motif appears, so z. B. as the first and second sub-motive of an overall motif.
• 2. Method according to Section 1, wherein the substance and the watermark color are applied by means of two different application plants, wherein the substrate rests on a common for the two application plants impression cylinder. In this case, the substrate can be guided over the impression cylinder. The application works are arranged on or around the counter-pressure cylinder accordingly. The impression cylinder serves to guide the substrate to the application plants. The impression cylinder is preferably arranged rotatably in a printing unit. An application plant can be for example a transfer cylinder of an offset printing press. The application work, for example in the form of the transfer cylinder and / or a pressure roller, for example for gravure or high pressure, is guided synchronously with the movement of the substrate to the substrate. The counter-pressure cylinder serves, for example, as a mechanical abutment for at least one of the application plants and / or for the positioned storage and guidance of the substrate relative to at least one of the application plants.
• 3. The method of clause 1 or 2, wherein the substance is applied to a first side of the substrate and the watermark ink is applied to a second side of the substrate. In one embodiment, the first side and the second side are disposed opposite to the substrate.
• 4. The method according to any one of sections 1 to 3, wherein preferably the watermark ink and the substrate are applied simultaneously. The simultaneous application can be achieved for example by means of a supersimultaneous printing machine. It can be achieved a very good passport situation with respect to the position of the watermark color relative to the position of the substance. For example, with simultaneous application or printing of the watermark ink and the substance according to section 3, ie that the substance is applied to the first page and time the watermark ink is applied to the second side of the substrate, a particularly good passersituation with respect to the first second side, for example, front to back, can be achieved. In particular, a particularly good balance of the position of the watermark color relative to the substance is possible.
• 5. The method according to any one of sections 1 to 4, wherein the watermark ink for producing the watermark, in particular on a surface of the substrate, is printed.
• 6. The method of Sections 1 to 5, wherein the substance is printed on a surface of the substrate.
• 7. The method of any one of sections 1 or 2, wherein the watermark ink is printed on the first surface of the substrate.
• 8. The method according to one of the preceding sections, wherein the watermark ink is preferably applied in register to both surfaces of the substrate.
• 9. The method according to any one of the preceding sections, wherein the watermark color is applied by screen printing.
• 10. The method according to any one of the preceding sections 1 to 8, wherein the watermark color is applied by gravure or flexographic printing.
• 11. The method according to any one of the preceding sections 1 to 8, wherein the watermark color is applied in the offset printing process.
• 12. The method according to any one of the preceding sections, wherein the watermark color is applied in a high-pressure process.
• 13. The method according to any one of the preceding sections, wherein the watermark ink is applied in the inkjet printing process.
• 14. The method according to any one of the preceding sections, wherein the watermark color is applied in the laser printing process.
• 15. Method according to one of the preceding sections, wherein the watermark color comprises at least one dye which is at least translucent in the visual spectrum and / or at least one pigment which is at least translucent in the visual spectrum.
• 16. The method according to one of the preceding sections, wherein the watermark color comprises at least one dye and / or at least one pigment which is recognizable in the visual spectrum.
• 17. The method according to any one of sections 1 to 16, wherein the watermark ink comprises at least one dye and / or at least one pigment, wherein the dye or the pigment is visible in the infrared spectrum.
• 18. The method according to any one of sections 1 to 17, wherein the watermark ink comprises at least one dye and / or at least one pigment, wherein the dye or the pigment is visible in the ultraviolet spectrum. That is, the watermark ink or pigment can be excited to emit light in the ultraviolet spectrum.
• 19. A method according to any one of paragraphs 1 to 18, wherein the watermark color comprises a dye or pigment which absorbs electromagnetic radiation, in particular light, in a certain spectrum. In particular, it can be provided that the dye or the pigment absorbs certain color components, for example blue, an ultraviolet component and / or an infrared component incident light.
• 20. The method according to any one of sections 1 to 19, wherein the substance in the form of a printing ink, in particular on a surface of the substrate, applied, preferably printed, is.
• 21. The method of clause 20, wherein the ink is screen printed.
• 22. The method of clause 20, wherein the ink is applied by gravure or flexographic printing.
• 23. The method of clause 20, wherein the ink is applied by offset printing.
• 24. The method of clause 20, wherein the ink is applied by the high pressure process.
• 25. The method of clause 20, wherein the ink is applied by inkjet printing.
• 26. The method of clause 20, wherein the ink is applied by laser printing.
• 27. The method according to any one of sections 1 to 20, wherein the substance is applied in the form of a coating, in particular in the context of a cold or heat seal application.
• 28. The method of clause 27, wherein the coating is applied as a metallic coating.
• 29. A method according to any of clause 27 or 28, wherein the coating is applied as a film coating.
• 30. The method of any of clauses 27 to 29, wherein the coating comprises diffractive structures.
• 31. The method according to any of sections 1 to 30, wherein the applied substance is visible in the visual spectrum. In one embodiment, the substance may accordingly comprise at least one dye which is at least translucent in the visual spectrum and / or at least one pigment which is at least translucent in the visual spectrum. In one embodiment, the substance may comprise at least one dye and / or at least one pigment that is recognizable in the visual spectrum.
• 32. The method according to any one of sections 1 to 31, wherein the deposited substance is visible in the infrared spectrum. The substance may comprise at least one dye and / or at least one pigment, wherein the dye or the pigment is detectable in the infrared spectrum
• 33. The method according to any one of paragraphs 1 to 32, wherein the applied substance is detectable in the ultraviolet spectrum. The substance may comprise at least one dye and / or at least one pigment, the dye or the pigment being recognizable in the ultraviolet spectrum. That is, the watermark ink or pigment can be excited to emit light in the ultraviolet spectrum.
• 34. The method according to any one of sections 1 to 33, wherein the substance comprises a dye or a pigment, which / absorbs an electromagnetic radiation, in particular light, in a certain spectrum. In particular, it can be provided that the dye or the pigment absorbs certain color components, for example blue, an ultraviolet component and / or an infrared component incident light.
• 35. The method of any of sections 1 to 34, wherein the substance and / or the watermark color comprises machine readable feature substances.
• 36. The method of any of sections 1 to 35, wherein the substance and / or the watermark color comprises magnetic feature substances.
• 37. The method according to any of sections 1 to 36, wherein the substance and / or the watermark color comprises luminescent feature substances.
• 38. The method according to any one of sections 1 to 37, wherein the substance and / or the watermark color comprises electrically conductive feature substances.
• 39. The method according to any one of sections 1 to 38, wherein the substance and / or the watermark color comprises optically variable feature substances.
• 40. The method according to any one of sections 1 to 39, wherein the substance and / or the watermark color comprises piezochrome feature substances.
• 41. The method according to any of sections 1 to 40, wherein the substance and / or the watermark color comprises thermochromic feature substances.
• 42. The method according to any of sections 1 to 41, wherein the substance and / or the watermark color comprises photochromic feature substances.
• 43. The method according to any one of sections 1 to 42, wherein as substrate a fiber-based substrate, for. B. based on wood cellulose, cotton cellulose plastic fibers and / or flax fibers is provided.
• 44. The method according to any one of sections 1 to 43, wherein on the substrate at least partially in the region of the watermark on the surface opposite the first surface, an additional substrate is applied, which is at least translucent in the visual spectrum and comprises a dye or a luminescent substance.
• 45. A security element for a security or value document produced by a method according to the features of one of the sections 1 to 44.
• 46. Security or value document with a security element according to Section 45.

Claims (20)

Method for producing a security element ( 100 ; 100 '; 100 '' ) for a security or value document, comprising the steps: - providing (S1) a substrate ( 10 ); - applying (S2) a substance ( 20 . 20 ' . 20 '' . 20 ''' . 41 ) on a first surface of the substrate ( 10 ) such that when viewing the substrate ( 10 ) in supervision a first motive ( 12 ), - application (S3) of a watermark color ( 30 . 30 ' . 30 '' ) on the substrate ( 10 ) for producing a watermark ( 32 ) in the substrate ( 10 ) such that when viewing the substrate ( 10 ) in review a second motif in the form of the watermark ( 32 ), characterized in that the substance ( 20 . 20 ' . 20 '' . 20 ''' . 41 ) and the watermark color ( 30 . 30 ' . 30 '' ) are applied in register with each other at least in a partial area. Process according to claim 1, characterized in that the substance ( 20 . 20 ' . 20 '' . 20 ''' . 41 ) and the watermark color ( 30 . 30 ' . 30 '' ) are applied by means of at least two different application plants, wherein the substrate ( 10 ) rests on a common for the two application plants impression cylinder. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the watermark color ( 30 . 30 ' . 30 '' ) on the first surface of the substrate ( 10 ) and / or the watermark color ( 30 . 30 ' . 30 '' ) on one of the first surface of the substrate ( 10 ) opposite surface is applied. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the substance ( 20 . 20 ' . 20 '' . 20 ''' . 41 ) and the watermark color ( 30 . 30 ' . 30 '' ) are applied by means of at least two different application plants, wherein at least in one area the substance ( 20 . 20 ' . 20 '' . 20 ''' . 41 ) and / or at least in one area the watermark color ( 30 . 30 ' . 30 '' ) on the front side and at least in one area the watermark color ( 30 . 30 ' . 30 '' ) or / and at least in one area the substance ( 20 . 20 ' . 20 '' . 20 ''' . 41 ) on the back of the substrate at the same time on the substrate ( 10 ) are applied. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the watermark color ( 30 . 30 ' . 30 '' ) and / or the substance ( 20 . 20 ' . 20 '' . 20 ''' . 41 ) are printed. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the substance ( 20 . 20 ' . 20 '' . 20 ''' . 41 ) on one of the first surface of the substrate ( 10 ) opposite surface of the substrate ( 10 ) is applied. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the watermark color ( 30 . 30 ' . 30 '' ) and / or the substance ( 20 . 20 ' . 20 '' . 20 ''' . 41 ) at least in sections in register on preferably both surfaces of the substrate ( 10 ) are applied. A method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that at least two preferably different substances ( 20 . 20 ' . 20 '' . 20 ''' . 41 ) and / or at least two preferably different areas with watermark color ( 30 . 30 ' . 30 '' ) and preferably the at least two different substances ( 20 . 20 ' . 20 '' ) are at least partially in register with each other and / or the at least two different watermark colors ( 30 . 30 ' . 30 '' ) are arranged at least partially in register with each other. Method according to Claim 8, characterized in that the at least two watermark colors ( 30 . 30 ' . 30 '' ), preferably the two surfaces and / or the at least two substances ( 20 . 20 ' . 20 '' . 20 ''' . 41 ) which preferably differentiate between two surfaces. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the watermark color ( 30 . 30 ' . 30 '' ) and / or the substance ( 20 . 20 ' . 20 '' . 20 ''' . 41 ) comprises at least one dye and / or one pigment. A method according to claim 10, characterized in that at least one dye and / or a pigment of the watermark color ( 30 . 30 ' . 30 '' ) and / or the substance ( 20 . 20 ' . 20 '' . 20 ''' . 41 ) is visible in the visual spectrum and / or at least one dye and / or pigment in the infrared spectrum is recognizable and / or a dye and / or a pigment in the ultraviolet spectrum is recognizable and / or in an infrared spectrum and / or in an ultraviolet Spectrum is excited and the emission wavelength of the excitation wavelength of the dye and / or the pigment is different. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the watermark color ( 30 . 30 ' . 30 ' ) is printed by the screen printing method or by the flexographic printing method or by the offset printing method or by the high-pressure method or the gravure printing method, by the inkjet printing method or laser printing method and / or by the substance ( 20 . 20 ' . 20 '' . 20 ''' . 41 ) is printed in the form of a printing ink in the screen printing method or in the flexographic printing method or in the offset printing method or in the high-pressure method or in the gravure printing method or in the inkjet printing method or laser printing method and / or that the substance ( 20 . 20 ' . 20 '' . 20 ''' . 41 ) is applied in the form of a coating in the context of a cold or heat seal application. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the substance ( 20 . 20 ' . 20 '' . 20 ''' . 41 ) includes mechanically readable feature substances, preferably magnetic feature substances and / or luminescent feature substances and / or electrically conductive feature substances. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the substance ( 20 . 20 ' . 20 '' . 20 ''' . 41 ) comprises optically variable feature substances or colors based on optically variable pigments, in particular colors based on magnetically orientable optically variable feature substances or pigments, piezochromic optically variable feature substances or pigments and / or thermochromic optically variable feature substances and / or photochromic optically variable feature substances and / or or at least one pigment, in particular with magnetically reversible or irreversible orientable feature, in a capsule. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that as substrate ( 10 ) a fiber-based substrate is provided. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on the substrate ( 10 ) at least partially in the area of the watermark ( 32 ) is applied on the surface opposite the first surface, an additional substrate which is at least translucent in the visual spectrum and comprises a dye or a luminescent substance. Security element ( 100 . 100 ' . 100 '' ) for a security or value document produced by a method according to any one of claims 1 to 16. Security element ( 100 . 100 ' . 100 '' ) according to claim 17, characterized in that the security element ( 100 . 100 ' . 100 '' ), in particular the substrate ( 10 ), another security feature, in particular in the form of a variation of the thickness of the security or value document. Security or value document with a security element ( 100 . 100 ' . 100 '' ) according to one of claims 17 or 18. Security or value document according to claim 19, characterized in that the security or value document, in particular in the area of the security element ( 100 . 100 ' . 100 '' ) comprises a further security feature, in particular in the form of a variation of the thickness of the security or value document.

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