EP3286010B1 - Method for producing a security element with register between printed element and watermark - Google Patents
Method for producing a security element with register between printed element and watermark Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3286010B1 EP3286010B1 EP16716473.0A EP16716473A EP3286010B1 EP 3286010 B1 EP3286010 B1 EP 3286010B1 EP 16716473 A EP16716473 A EP 16716473A EP 3286010 B1 EP3286010 B1 EP 3286010B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
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- watermark
- colourant
- radiation
- substrate
- colorant
- Prior art date
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Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
- B41M3/00—Printing processes to produce particular kinds of printed work, e.g. patterns
- B41M3/14—Security printing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
- B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
- B42D25/333—Watermarks
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
- B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
- B42D25/36—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery comprising special materials
- B42D25/378—Special inks
- B42D25/387—Special inks absorbing or reflecting ultraviolet light
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
- B42D25/40—Manufacture
- B42D25/405—Marking
- B42D25/41—Marking using electromagnetic radiation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
- B42D25/40—Manufacture
- B42D25/405—Marking
- B42D25/43—Marking by removal of material
- B42D25/435—Marking by removal of material using electromagnetic radiation, e.g. laser
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
- B41M3/00—Printing processes to produce particular kinds of printed work, e.g. patterns
- B41M3/14—Security printing
- B41M3/144—Security printing using fluorescent, luminescent or iridescent effects
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
- B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
- B41M5/24—Ablative recording, e.g. by burning marks; Spark recording
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
- B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
- B41M5/26—Thermography ; Marking by high energetic means, e.g. laser otherwise than by burning, and characterised by the material used
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing a security element, wherein a substrate is provided, which has a front and a back, at least for certain radiation is translucent and has a watermark, which modulates the opacity of the substrate is applied to the front of a printing element which at least partially covers the watermark and which contains at least a first and a second colorant, wherein the first colorant is ablatable by the first specific radiation and the second is not and the substrate irradiates from the backside with the particular radiation and the first colorant of the first predetermined radiation is ablated, the watermark being used as a mask to modify the printing element in the register to the watermark.
- Such a method is from the DE 102012003601 A1 known.
- watermarks are known. They are usually introduced in the production of the substrate from which the security element is made, usually a paper. Watermarks are easily recognizable when the security element is viewed through transmitted light, since they modify the opacity of the substrate. As a rule, in the production of the paper, the thickness of the substrate is varied, so that a reduction in thickness leads to an opacity reduction. But there are also other approaches for generating a watermark known, for example by means of so-called Watermark colors that also locally modify the opacity of the substrate.
- watermarks are usually formed in the substrate in the production of the starting material for the security element, for example in the production of a banknote paper, it is fundamentally difficult in later printing to arrange printed elements in an exact position relative to the watermark, that is to pass. This problem arises regardless of the specific design of the printing element, not only when printing with different inks, but also during coating or application with printing elements, when applying transfer films or laminating or when applying a window suture.
- the aforementioned DE 102012003601 A1 Therefore proposes to use the locally varying opacity of the watermark as a mask to modify a previously applied surface pressure element in the register to the watermark by means of laser radiation.
- ablation is mentioned.
- the pressure element may contain a mixture of substances that are modifiable and that are not modifiable.
- the watermark serves as a mask which modulates the intensity of the transmitted radiation, whereby the printing element is modified, for example ablated.
- the invention is based on the object to provide a manufacturing method for a security element whose security against counterfeiting is increased again.
- a substrate which has a front and a back, at least for certain radiation is translucent and has a watermark, which modulates the opacity of the substrate, on the front Printing element is applied, which at least partially covers the watermark and containing at least a first and a second colorant, wherein the first colorant is ablatierbar by means of the first specific radiation and the second not, and the substrate from the back irradiated with the particular radiation and the ablating the first colorant from the particular radiation, the watermark being used as a mask to attenuate the intensity of the particular radiation to modify the printing element in the register to the watermark, the first colorant being a remittent colorant having a color effect i is disposed in a first color layer, and the second colorant is a luminescent colorant and is disposed in a second color layer, the first color layer covers the second, and wherein the second colorant is exposed at locations by using
- the object is also achieved according to the invention with a method for producing a security element, wherein a substrate is provided which has a front and a back, at least for certain radiation is translucent and has a watermark, which modulates the opacity of the substrate, on the front a printing element is applied, which at least partially covers the watermark and which contains at least a first and a second colorant, wherein the first colorant is ablatierbar by means of the first specific radiation and the second, and the substrate is irradiated from the backside with the particular radiation and the first colorant is ablated from the particular radiation, the watermark being used as a mask to attenuate the intensity of the particular radiation to modify the printing element in the register to the watermark, wherein the first colorant is a colorant remitting colorant and the second colorant is a luminescent colorant, the first colorant and the second colorant are disposed in a common color layer, and the second colorant is exposed at locations by using the first colorant using the watermark as
- the second colorant is exposed in both variants mentioned (colorant in separate color layers or in a common color layer) by changing the color effect of the first colorant and thus repealed. This can be done by completely or partially removing the first colorant from the corresponding color layer. Alternatively, it is also possible that only the optical properties of the colorant are changed so that it no longer shows the color effect. This is possible, for example, by breaking bonds in the colorant, for example in pigments. It is therefore possible according to the invention to change the colorant with regard to the color effect, both by removing it from the layer (ablation) and, while it remains in the layer, but is modified there. As far as the option of ablation is described below, this is to be understood as an example only, and the corresponding description also refers to the variant that the first colorant is modified.
- the luminescent image in the register for the see-through or supervisory image achieved either by providing the first colorant in a first color layer and the second colorant in a second color layer and the two color layers are arranged so that the first color layer on the second color layer, or that both colorants are in a common color layer.
- the first colorant is removed / modified by ablating / modifying the first color layer, and the second colorant in the second color layer is exposed.
- the brilliance of the second colorant is particularly large. If the colorants in a common color layer, the production is easier.
- the first colorant is then ablated / modified from the color layer so that the effect of the second colorant thus increases in the color layer.
- the invention thus forms that in the DE 102012003601 A1
- the concept disclosed by radiation to modify a previously applied flat printing element using the watermark as a mask to attenuate the intensity of the radiation further implies that the particular radiation ablates only one of two colorants.
- the second luminescent colorant is exposed, which also means that the concentration of the second colorant in the layer system increases.
- the security element provides a sight as seen from the DE 102012003601 A1 is known.
- a luminescent image is displayed which is negative to the supervisory image under normal illumination and to the see-through image. The images are in perfect register with each other, since the second colorant is exposed there and gives off strongly the luminescent radiation, where the first colorant was removed.
- the exposure of the second colorant and thus the intensity of the image recognizable in luminescence is inverse to the color impression, which is mediated in a plan view or in a view through the first colorant.
- the pressure element cooperates with an additional layer, the visual effect of which depends on the prior modification of the pressure element.
- optically variable layers that they are particularly clearly recognizable on a dark or black background in incident light.
- an optically variable layer ie without registration requirements, whose visual effect, due to the precise registration of the printing element acting as background, then automatically lies in the register with the watermark, although the optically variable one Layer itself was applied without Passeran petitionen.
- a part of the layer system is applied and illuminated with the specific irradiation. Another part of the layer system is then applied only after the exposure.
- the physical removal of the first colorant can be done directly or indirectly.
- the particular radiation removes an element which in turn removes all or part of the first color layer or colorant.
- a layer which influences the adhesion of the first color layer to the second color layer can be modified by means of the specific radiation. After the modification of this the adhesion, the first color layer is then removed in those areas where the adhesion has been modified (or not modified in the inverse case). The procedure is similar to the principle of the so-called wash color.
- Another possibility is an indirect modification of a developer layer which, in cooperation with a developer or fixing medium, modifies the first color layer at those points at which the developer layer has been suitably exposed.
- Indirect influence is also possible in a two-stage process if the printing element has an adhesive layer for the first color layer, which is applied to the front side and exposed from the rear side with the participation of the watermark as a mask.
- the first ink layer of the printing element can then be applied, which adheres only to those places where the exposure took place.
- the exposed adhesive layer can also be acted upon here in an intermediate step so that it remains only in those areas in which a suitable exposure took place (positive effect) or remains in those areas in which no suitable exposure took place (negative effect).
- pressure element is understood to mean an element applied to a substrate, which optionally, after further processing, realizes a visually or mechanically evaluable element.
- printing elements based on printing inks. As far as this description speaks of a printing ink, this is to be understood by way of example for a printing element.
- Colorants or coloring substances are known to be subdivided into dyes and color pigments. Dyes are colorants that are soluble in the application medium, whereas color pigments are colorants that are insoluble in the application medium.
- colorant and “color” are not limited to a colorful sensory impression with respect to the remittant colorant.
- An achromatic effect for example by black or metallic colorants, is possible for the remittant colorant.
- the remittant colorant may in particular achromatic pigments, such as. As black or silver pigments, colored pigments, effect color pigments or color-shift pigments.
- Colorants with silver pigments are printed, for example, with a layer thickness or mass per unit area of 0.5 g / m 2 to 2.0 g / m 2 and preferably from 0.8 g / m 2 to 1.5 g / m 2 .
- the watermark can be generated by varying the thickness of the substrate at a constant density, by varying the density of the substrate with a constant thickness or by a so-called watermark color.
- the latter are also referred to as "spurious" watermarks.
- the watermark can binary modulate the opacity of a substrate. that is, it produces a structure which can be seen in the transparency in that the substrate is less opaque or more translucent at individual locations than at other locations. But there are also watermarks in the sense of a gray scale modulation possible, which modulate the opacity or translucency between two maximum values. In the transmitted light view, one then recognizes a grayscale image. Both types of watermarks are equally suitable for the present printing process.
- the first color layer or colorant and the particular radiation are matched to one another such that the particular radiation is capable of ablating / modifying the first colorant, the watermark modulating the opacity of the substrate being used as a mask to modulate the colorant Intensity of the particular radiation is used.
- the term "certain radiation” expresses this.
- the ablation / modification is achieved when the particular radiation at the front has a suitable intensity.
- the watermarked opacity modulation modulates the intensity of the radiation on the front face on which the printing element is located.
- the radiation intensity on the backside is therefore adjusted so that the opacity modulation caused by the watermark on the front side results in a radiation modulation which modulates the modification / ablation effect.
- the radiation intensity on the back is chosen so that where the watermark is the lowest Opacity in the substrate causes the greatest effect occurs, where no or only a very small ablation / modification is achieved at the points where the watermark causes the highest opacity of the substrate.
- the watermark serves as an intensity mask when the substrate is irradiated with the particular radiation.
- the exposed second luminescent colorant shows in the luminescent image, which is recognizable, for example, when viewed under UV-containing illumination, a main pattern, which is defined by the structure of the exposed second colorant. If the particular radiation is applied so that the first colorant is either completely or completely removed, the luminescence image corresponds to a pure black and white image without tints. Equally, it is also possible to adjust the ablation by the watermark so that a partial ablation of the first colorant takes place. This partial ablation weakens the absorbing action of the first colorant such that at the partially ablated sites in the luminescent image there is an intensity intermediate between that obtained upon complete exposure of the second colorant and that present with unaffected first colorant.
- a grayscale representation by half or multi-tone screening is possible, as is known in the gray scale representation by screened image representation.
- the watermark is then patterned accordingly to provide the appropriate variation of opacity as an intensity mask for the effect of the particular radiation on the first colorant.
- the beam may be in the form of a laser beam, for example. It's not just easy then, the required To provide radiation intensity, the intensity adjustment can be done easily, since it is less effort to adjust a beam in its intensity, as to effect a homogeneous intensity adjustment of a fanned-out light beam. Nevertheless, for certain embodiments, a far field irradiation of the particular radiation is possible.
- the use of a rasterized beam has the advantage that the intensity of the particular radiation can be varied in addition to using the watermark as a mask to effect additional patterning according to a first auxiliary pattern.
- this additional pattern is not in the register for the watermark. It is therefore provided in a development that the specific radiation is structured or modulated so that a first additional pattern is omitted, that is not irradiated, in which then consequently the first colorant is not ablated.
- the intensity of the luminescence radiation from the second colorant remains further attenuated due to the non-ablated first colorant, which makes the first additional pattern clearly recognizable in the luminescence image.
- a second additional pattern is formed with the second colorant.
- This development can be combined with the training that forms the first pattern.
- the second additional pattern is produced by also removing the second colorant in the exposed areas with another radiation. In the luminescence image, the second additional pattern can then be recognized by locations of no luminescence. In the region of the second additional pattern not only the first colorant is removed, but also the second luminescent colorant.
- This embodiment can be realized particularly simply by the fact that the particular radiation and the further radiation originate from the same laser source, for example by the laser source emitting pulsed laser radiation to provide the particular radiation, ie ablating the first colorant and continuous wave radiation to ablate the second colorant.
- a third additional pattern in the form of a recess in the color layer is provided when applying the first and second color layer.
- the effect of this third additional pattern is substantially the same as that of the second additional pattern, however, this third additional pattern can be placed completely independent of the variation of opacity by the watermark, since no color layer removal is necessary in the structure of the third motif. It is also possible in areas outside the watermark.
- the first color layer and the second color layer are selected such that in a wavelength range in which the particular radiation is located, the first color layer absorbs more strongly than the second color layer.
- infrared radiation is used as the specific radiation, and the second color layer is transparent in this area.
- a particularly preferred spectral range of the infrared radiation is the spectral range between 1000 nm and 1100 nm.
- ink used here stands out for the printing effect achieved by the watermark-masked and radiation-based modification.
- the ink itself can also include structures that go beyond conventional printing systems, such as a foil coating or metallization.
- Items to be protected within the scope of this description may include, for example, security papers, identity and value documents (such as banknotes, passports, identity cards, shares, bonds, certificates, vouchers, checks, tickets, etc.) as well as product security elements such as security items. Labels, seals, packaging, where a watermark is possible.
- identity and value documents such as banknotes, passports, identity cards, shares, bonds, certificates, vouchers, checks, tickets, etc.
- product security elements such as security items. Labels, seals, packaging, where a watermark is possible.
- security paper is understood here to mean, in particular, the precursor that can not yet be processed to a value document (eg a banknote) which, in addition to the pressure produced according to the invention, can also have other authenticity features (such as luminescent substances provided in the volume, for example).
- value documents here on the one hand from security papers produced documents, eg. B. banknotes understood.
- value documents can also be other documents and articles which are processed with the printing method according to the invention, so that the value documents have non-copyable authenticity features, whereby an authenticity check is possible and at the same time unwanted copies are prevented.
- the substrate is particularly preferably made of paper made of cotton fibers, as used for example for banknotes.
- the substrate may also be made of paper of other natural fibers, also preferably of synthetic fibers, ie a mixture of natural and synthetic fibers.
- the substrate consists of a combination from at least two superimposed and interconnected different substrates, a so-called hybrid. It may be, for example, a combination of plastic film paper or even a three-layer composite, such as plastic film-paper plastic film, ie a substrate of paper is covered on either side by a plastic film, or paper-plastic film paper, ie Substrate made of a plastic film is covered on each side by a paper substrate.
- the substrate consists of an at least partially transparent plastic film.
- the watermark is generated in this case by a color which is applied to one side of the substrate and whose hue is at least similar to the hue of the substrate.
- a watermark is for example off DE 102009056462 A1 known.
- the reciprocal property of translucency is opacity. As far as there is talk here that a watermark modulates the opacity, it can equally be said that it inversely modulates the translucency.
- Fig. 1a shows in a sectional view of a security element 1, wherein for simplicity, only a substrate 2 is drawn.
- the substrate 2 has a front side 3 (which is arranged at the bottom in the figures without further restriction) and a rear side 4.
- a watermark 5 is incorporated, which modulates the thickness of the substrate 2 and thus its opacity.
- This opacity modulation is in Fig. 1b which schematically shows a view from the front side 3 of the substrate 2.
- regions 7 where the thickness is reduced by an average amount
- the substrate 2 has a medium opacity.
- the substrate 2 has a low opacity or a high translucency.
- an ink layer 9 is applied to the front side 3, whose ink-repellent colorant can be ablated by means of laser radiation or modified with respect to a color effect.
- a fluorescent ink layer 22 containing a luminescent colorant.
- Fig. 2a and 2b show the substrate 2 with applied on the front side 3 ink layer 9 and fluorescent ink layer 22. They are in this state (yet) not further structured, but at least partially cover the area in which the watermark 5 in the substrate 2 is present.
- the ink layer and the fluorescent ink layer are combined in a common color layer 64 which contains both the remitting and the luminescent colorant.
- a laser beam 10 is now passed over the substrate. It radiates through the substrate 2.
- the wavelength of the laser beam is such that the remitting colorant is absorbed by the radiation and modified or ablated.
- the laser beam 10 is attenuated depending on the opacity of the substrate 2, which is modulated by the watermark 5.
- the laser beam 10 is greatly attenuated.
- the laser beam is least attenuated.
- Fig. 2a and b This is schematically illustrated by the thickness of the laser beam 10. In fact, of course, only the intensity of the laser beam 10, but not its radiation cross section when passing through the substrate 2 is attenuated.
- the intensity of the laser beam 10 is adjusted so that the watermark intensity mask as a modulation of the effect on the remittant colorant z.
- the ink layer 9 causes the laser beam 10 to have the ink layer 9 or ink layer 64 applied to the front side 3: in the region 8 having low opacity, the remittant colorant is ablated or modified to a maximum extent in areas 7 having medium opacity , and in areas 6 with maximum opacity, the least or possibly even no ablation / modification occurs.
- the ink layer 9 / the color layer 64 on the front side 3 covers the region in which the watermark 5 is formed in the substrate 2.
- the fluorescent colorant is not ablated / modified by the laser beam 10, z. B. transparent to the laser beam 10.
- the described embodiment may be modified such that instead of a watermark, the opacity by a thickness variation modulates the substrate, a so-called “fake” or printed watermark occurs, so a watermark, which was generated on the substrate 2 by a so-called watermark color.
- the Fig. 3a and 3b schematically show the provision of such a printed watermark.
- a watermark ink 11 is printed on the back 4 of the substrate 2.
- the watermark color 11 penetrates according to Fig. 3b into the substrate 2 and causes after drying or other suitable processing, a translucency 12 in the substrate 2 at the points where the watermark ink 11 was printed.
- Fig. 4 which shows purely by way of example two color layers 9 and 22, but can also be realized with a common color layer 64, shown, the substrate 2 with the printed watermark 12 with the laser beam 10, in turn results in the effect that the laser beam 10 at positions 10a in which the watermark or watermark color increases the translucency of the substrate 2, is attenuated less in intensity than at positions 10b where the watermark does not have this effect.
- ablation / modification of the remittant colorant in the exact register to the watermark is obtained without the registration of the ink layer 9, color layer 64, of this register.
- Fig. 5a to 5c relate to a third embodiment in which additionally on the front side 3, a non-modifiable by the laser radiation 10 coating 13 has been applied, which is transparent to the laser radiation 10 and thus does not attenuate this.
- a system with two layers 3 and 22 is shown purely by way of example.
- a common color layer 64 is equally possible.
- Fig. 5a shows a sectional view similar to the Fig. 2 , wherein now in some areas, the non-modifiable by the laser radiation, but still absorbing coating 13 is applied.
- Fig. 5b shows a plan view of the back 4 with the coating 13th
- the ink layer 9 is influenced to varying degrees by the laser radiation 10, resulting in the different regions 14, 15 and 16 .
- the ink layer 9 is almost unaffected, since the energy of the laser beam is greatly attenuated due to the opacity of the substrate 2.
- the ink layer 9 is modified, for example ablated, due to an average laser energy attenuation by the substrate due to the average opacity of the substrate 2.
- the laser beam had a strong effect on the ink layer 9 in the region 15, because there the substrate 2 has a low opacity and only slightly weakened the laser beam.
- the variant of Fig. 5 can also be configured so that the coating 13 does not absorb the laser radiation, but is a luminescent ink layer on the back of the substrate in the transmitted light additive color mixing with the luminescent colorant, which was exposed differently on the front as described by means of laser radiation ,
- the described embodiments can also be realized with a watermark that was generated by a watermark color and not by a thickness modulation.
- a watermark ink is available, for example, from Sun Chemical under the designation 669440 Vernes UVSP (art.No .: JV 40000009).
- two different ink layers can be used, which can be modified by radiation of different spectral ranges. This makes it possible to work with different intensity profiles for these two radiations or to print on the front and back the same area with radiation-modified ink layers in the register to the watermark.
- a first ink layer is applied to the front and a second ink layer on the back. Subsequently, these ink layers are exposed and modified by laser radiation from the back side (for the ink layer located on the front side) or the back side (for the ink layer located on the front side).
- a black, soot-based offset ink was printed over the area of a watermark after a fluorescent ink layer had been printed.
- the paint was dried for several days and then by means of a ND vanadate laser ablated from the back of the color located on the front. In areas of low paper thickness, ie maximum translucent watermark, 80% to 95% of the color was thereby removed. In areas of maximum paper thickness, ie minimal translucency of the watermark, only 10% to 30% of the color was ablated.
- the area of a watermark on the front side was overprinted by means of an OVI screen printing ink WP from the manufacturer SICPA.
- the paint dried out for several days. Subsequently, the color on the front side was ablated by means of a Nd: Yag laser from the rear side. In areas of low paper thickness, 80% to 95% of the paint was removed. In areas of maximum paper thickness, 10% to 30% of the paint was ablated.
- the area of a watermark on the front side was overprinted after a fluorescent ink layer had been printed.
- the paint dried out for several days.
- the color on the front side was ablated by means of a Nd: Yag laser from the rear side. In areas of low paper thickness, 80% to 95% of the color except a yellow colorant was removed. In areas of maximum paper thickness, 10% to 30% of the paint was ablated.
- the Fig. 6 to 9 show different images of the security element during different stages of manufacturing.
- the upper lines of the figure show the view of the security element before applying the color layers 9 and 22.
- the middle lines show the views after application of the color layers 9 and 22, but before the modification by the radiation.
- the bottom lines show the completed security element.
- the left columns show the views that result from normal top view of the security element.
- the middle columns show the respective see-through image and the right columns show the luminescence image after excitation with UV radiation.
- a vertical bar is used for the brightness of the background of the respective images, with increasing baring indicating a decreasing brightness.
- a vertical hatch denotes the brightness of elements in the see-through image.
- Crosshatching denotes the brightness of elements in the supervisory image.
- a vertical hatch denotes the brightness of structures in the luminescence image.
- the hatching or hatching distance symbolizes the brightness.
- a wider-meshed hatching or stroke therefore illustrates a lighter structural element, a closer meshing or brightness a darker element.
- Dashed lines illustrate an area over which the particular radiation is applied. They are not visible in the views, but only entered to clarify the application of the laser radiation.
- FIG. 6 shows a first embodiment of the manufacturing method of a security element with Passer between printing element and watermark.
- Figure 23 shows the security element before applying the pressure element in supervision.
- a white surface 32 can be seen.
- Figure 24 shows the same manufacturing status in review.
- the watermark which is formed by a horizontal bright rectangle 37 and a darker rectangle 36 in contrast, stands out. Both rectangles 37 are lighter than the gray area 33.
- FIG. 25 shows the fluorescence image which is a black area 34 due to fluorescence colorant not yet present in this production status. It is assumed here that the substrate of the security element does not fluoresce.
- FIGS. 26 to 28 again show in plan view (FIG. 26), review (FIG. 27) and fluorescence view (FIG. 28) the state of the security element after application of a printed image 38.
- the printing element has a metallic silver pigment which is a remittant colorant.
- Next has the printing element is a fluorescent ink layer 22 having a luminescent colorant and built up under an overlying ink layer containing the remitter colorant.
- the colorants may alternatively (not shown) also lie in a common color layer.
- the printed image 38 is highlighted in black in front of the white surface 32.
- an irradiated area 60 is still marked by a dashed line. This is the area where laser radiation will subsequently be applied.
- the watermark consisting of the standing rectangle 36 and the lying rectangle 37, in front of the gray area 33, covered by a black ellipse 49, which is formed by the printed image 38, is shown looking through this production stage.
- the image 28 against a black background by the black surface 34 a darkened fluorescence image 39, which is due to the fact that the underlying fluorescent ink layer 22 is covered by the overlying ink layer 9 and only to a very small extent fluorescence radiation to the Surface penetrates.
- FIGS. 29 to 31 show plan, transparent and fluorescence images after application of the laser radiation in the irradiated region 60, wherein the watermark is used as an intensity mask, as shown in FIG Fig. 1 to 5 previously explained.
- the watermark consisting of the rectangles 36 and 37, acts as an intensity mask.
- a maximum radiation intensity reaches the printed image 38 in the area of the horizontal rectangle 37 and a minimum intensity in the region of the background.
- the printed image 38 with a mean intensity, which lies between the two extreme values applied.
- the printed image 48 is structured into three regions which lie in the perfect register with the watermark 5.
- An unchanged section 42 lies in those areas of the printed image 38 which do not cover the watermark, that is to say are illuminated by the radiation with the minimum intensity.
- a gray portion 40 lies in the areas of the printed image 38, which cover the standing rectangle 36.
- a bright section 41 is finally formed by those areas of the printed image 38 which cover the horizontal rectangle 37. This breakdown and patterning of the print image 38 is clearly visible in the image 27, which shows the top view of the finished structured security element.
- the structured printing element 38 has an effect in superposition with the intensity modulation by the watermark, namely the rectangles 36 and 37.
- the unchanged section 42 of the supervisory image leads to a black area 45 in the see-through image, since there the translucency of the security element is still completely reduced by the unchanged layer structure of the printed image 38.
- a bright area 44 which corresponds to the bright portion 41, a brightness of the see-through image is established, which is reduced in relation to that of the horizontal rectangle 37. This reduction is caused by the small residual thickness of the visible layer absorbing layer structure of the printed image 38.
- a dark area 43 is formed corresponding to the gray portion 40.
- the translucency is reduced compared to that of the standing rectangle 36, but not as strong as in the black area 45.
- Fig. 7 shows a development of the manufacturing process in a view similar to the Fig. 6 , Identical elements are provided with the same reference numerals.
- the main difference to the embodiment of Fig. 6 is that the irradiated area 60 has a recess 61 in which the particular radiation is not applied. This is indicated by dashed lines in Figure 26.
- the recess 61 causes a further unaltered portion 50 is formed according to the contours of the recess 61 in the supervisory image 29. Also in the transparency 30 is obtained in this way another black area 51 with the same dimensions. In fluorescence image 31, another darkened region 52 results, also with the same dimensions and outlines. In this way it is possible to provide a first additional pattern in the security element.
- Fig. 8 shows a further modification, wherein irradiated in the irradiated area 60, in the example diamond-shaped spot 62, with additional radiation, which is designed so that it also removes the fluorescent color 22 now.
- a diamond-shaped surface 53 is obtained in which no printed image 38 is present.
- the diamond-shaped area 53 is provided with the dashed line of the background white area 32, usually a banknote paper.
- the rhombic surface 53 may, however, due to the original printing in their gloss of the Background different, so that the diamond-shaped surface 53 in an oblique view shows a different gloss than the background of the white area 32nd
- the diamond-shaped surface is divided into two triangular parts 54, 55, since the spot 62 covers the two rectangles 36, 37, which have different transmissions.
- the two triangular parts 54 and 55 each have in the see-through image the brightness of the standing behind standing rectangle 36 or 37. This is determined by the location of the spot 62. Another location of the spot 62 results in a different or no division in the see-through image.
- a rhombic surface 56 also appears where the fluorescent color layer 22 has been removed.
- the fluorescence intensity of the background ie a black surface, is present.
- Fig. 9 shows a further embodiment, which as a result of the Fig. 8 comes very close.
- a spot 62 is irradiated with additional laser radiation, but it is provided during application of the print image 38, a pressure recess 63.
- the supervisory image 29 also shows a representation which, when viewed vertically, is essentially that of the supervisory image of the Fig. 8 equivalent.
- the gloss level ie the impression on oblique viewing in the diamond-shaped surface 59, is no different than in the background, ie in the white surface 32.
- the exemplary embodiments presented above provide a two-level watermark with the rectangles 36, 37. This was chosen because of the clarity of the description. Of course, a single-level watermark and a multi-level or even an opacity continuously varying watermark may be used. The described principles apply equally.
- the print motif is applied with at least one printing ink which has at least the following substances: Laser markable (IRA), preferably metallic pigments and UV-transparent, visibly luminescent, IR transparent pigments (preferably in the range 1000 nm to 1100 nm). IR transparent pigments and / or colorants may also be included, among others. In this case, the luminescence of excitable under UV radiation pigments by the z. B. weakened metallic pigments.
- IRA Laser markable
- IR transparent pigments preferably in the range 1000 nm to 1100 nm.
- IR transparent pigments and / or colorants may also be included, among others.
- the print motif is at least partially printed over the watermark, preferably on the substrate screen side (rougher than the felt side).
- the print motif can consist of a closed surface and / or additional ornaments and / or be screened.
- the laser should be adjusted so that the full thickness of the paper (outside the watermark area) will not cause any marking or ablation. At the same time, it must be ensured that the contrast in the sub-region modulated by the laser through the opposite substrate side over the watermark is to be kept as high as possible.
- the area to be marked with the laser must be selected so that the tolerances between printing and laser marking are maintained.
- the size of the surface results from the desired machine speed, but may not be less than 1.5 cm 2 in the rule.
- the entire pigment is destroyed in the present case, whereas in pulsed operation only the optical properties of a metallic pigment are changed due to non-linear effects, for example, bonds are broken, so that the color effect emanating from the unmodified metallic pigment is changed or fails.
- the following laser parameters are possible: 10 W maximum power in continuous wave mode, 30 kHz to 50 kHz pulse frequency, 5 ns to 50 ns, preferably 8 ns to 15 ns pulse length, 0.2 mm to 0.8 mm spot diameter (depending on the area to be exposed or Machine speed), 100 W maximum total energy (typically 50 W for silver pigments).
- the pigments luminescent under UV radiation are simultaneously "exposed".
- the part of the watermark marked by the laser is visible under UV radiation as a modulated motif, the non-marked areas also luminescing weakly and complementing the motif.
- this motif is also recognizable under visual light as a modulated motif, which preferably has a metallic effect. This motif is perfectly matched with the watermark in the review.
- a preferably alphanumeric motif is left out negatively (first motif, not marked).
- first motif the luminescence power of the pigments which can be excited under UV radiation continues to be weakened by the non-ablated metallic pigments and thus the first motif remains recognizable under UV light.
- this first motif is also recognizable under visual light as an alphanumeric motif, which has the full metallic effect. This first motif becomes visible through the comparatively higher opacity - appears darker than its surroundings.
- a preferably alphanumeric motif is marked in cw mode (second motif, cw laser marking).
- second motif a preferably alphanumeric motif
- the second motif is recognizable under UV light as a black or dark motif (non-luminous)
- the second motif remains invisible.
- the second motif can be recognized as a latent motif (no color difference, only gloss difference). This second motif is not visible in the review, since the opacity of the color (lasered in pulse mode compared to the cw mode) has not changed.
- the particular radiation is to be chosen so that the substrate as little or no absorption of the radiation occurs, which would lead to a change in the substrate.
- Both continuous wave lasers and pulsed lasers are possible for this purpose.
- An example of a suitable one Continuous wave laser is the model Innoslab, IS8I-E of the manufacturer Edge-Wave GmbH, which is a Nd: YVO 4 -based laser at a wavelength of 1,064 nm. It provides a power of 100 watts in continuous wave mode. At a scan speed of 2.5 m / s to 5 m / s, the ablation of a soot-based color can be performed.
- Transmitted light in the sense of this invention is when the substrate is illuminated from the side opposite to the viewer, i. the illumination through the substrate takes place. Incident light is in the sense of this invention, when a lighting of the substrate from the side of the viewer is made.
- the watermark may be a multi-level modulated 3D, a two-level highlight, or a high resolution pixel watermark that modulates the opacity of the substrate by thickness variation.
- a combination of the different types of watermarks is also possible, especially if the main watermark motif is a portrait that can not be overprinted.
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Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Sicherheitselementes, wobei ein Substrat bereitgestellt wird, das eine Vorder- sowie eine Rückseite hat, mindestens für bestimmte Strahlung transluzent ist und ein Wasserzeichen aufweist, welches die Opazität des Substrates moduliert, auf die Vorderseite ein Druckelement aufgebracht wird, das das Wasserzeichen mindestens teilweise überdeckt und das mindestens ein erstes und ein zweites Farbmittel enthält, wobei das erste Farbmittel mittels der ersten bestimmten Strahlung ablatierbar ist und der zweite nicht, und das Substrat von der Rückseite mit der bestimmten Strahlung durchstrahlt und das erste Farbmittel von der ersten bestimmten Strahlung ablatiert wird, wobei das Wasserzeichen als Maske verwendet wird, um das Druckelement im Passer zum Wasserzeichen zu modifizieren.The invention relates to a method for producing a security element, wherein a substrate is provided, which has a front and a back, at least for certain radiation is translucent and has a watermark, which modulates the opacity of the substrate is applied to the front of a printing element which at least partially covers the watermark and which contains at least a first and a second colorant, wherein the first colorant is ablatable by the first specific radiation and the second is not and the substrate irradiates from the backside with the particular radiation and the first colorant of the first predetermined radiation is ablated, the watermark being used as a mask to modify the printing element in the register to the watermark.
Ein solches Verfahren ist aus der
Zur Erhöhung der Fälschungssicherheit geschützter Gegenstände, beispielsweise von Banknoten, sind Wasserzeichen bekannt. Sie werden üblicherweise bei der Herstellung des Substrates, aus dem das Sicherheitselement gefertigt wird, üblicherweise ein Papier, eingebracht. Wasserzeichen sind bei Durchlichtbetrachtung des Sicherheitselementes gut erkennbar, da sie die Opazität des Substrates modifizieren. In der Regel wird bei der Herstellung des Papiers die Dicke des Substrates variiert, so dass eine Dickenreduzierung zu einer Opazitätsreduzierung führt. Es sind aber auch andere Ansätze zum Erzeugen eines Wasserzeichens bekannt, beispielsweise mithilfe sogenannter Wasserzeichenfarben, die ebenfalls lokal die Opazität des Substrates modifizieren.To increase the security against forgery of protected objects, for example banknotes, watermarks are known. They are usually introduced in the production of the substrate from which the security element is made, usually a paper. Watermarks are easily recognizable when the security element is viewed through transmitted light, since they modify the opacity of the substrate. As a rule, in the production of the paper, the thickness of the substrate is varied, so that a reduction in thickness leads to an opacity reduction. But there are also other approaches for generating a watermark known, for example by means of so-called Watermark colors that also locally modify the opacity of the substrate.
Da Wasserzeichen in der Regel bei der Herstellung des Ausgangsmaterials für das Sicherheitselement, beispielsweise bei der Herstellung eines Banknotenpapiers, im Substrat gebildet werden, ist es beim späteren Druck grundsätzlich schwierig, gedruckte Elemente in exakter Lage zum Wasserzeichen anzuordnen, also zu passern. Diese Problematik stellt sich unabhängig von der konkreten Ausgestaltung des Druckelementes, also nicht nur beim Aufdruck mit verschiedenen Druckfarben, sondern auch beim Beschichten oder der Applikation mit Druckelementen, beim Aufbringen von Transferfolien oder Laminierfolien oder beim Aufbringen eines Fensterfadens.Since watermarks are usually formed in the substrate in the production of the starting material for the security element, for example in the production of a banknote paper, it is fundamentally difficult in later printing to arrange printed elements in an exact position relative to the watermark, that is to pass. This problem arises regardless of the specific design of the printing element, not only when printing with different inks, but also during coating or application with printing elements, when applying transfer films or laminating or when applying a window suture.
Die eingangs genannte
Ausgehend von diesem Stand der Technik liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zu Grunde, ein Herstellverfahren für ein Sicherheitselement anzugeben, dessen Fälschungssicherheit nochmals gesteigert ist.Based on this prior art, the invention is based on the object to provide a manufacturing method for a security element whose security against counterfeiting is increased again.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß mit einem Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Sicherheitselementes gelöst, wobei ein Substrat bereitgestellt wird, das eine Vorder- sowie eine Rückseite hat, mindestens für bestimmte Strahlung transluzent ist und ein Wasserzeichen aufweist, welches die Opazität des Substrates moduliert, auf die Vorderseite ein Druckelement aufgebracht wird, das das Wasserzeichen mindestens teilweise überdeckt und das mindestens ein erstes und ein zweites Farbmittel enthält, wobei das erste Farbmittel mittels der ersten bestimmten Strahlung ablatierbar ist und das zweite nicht, und das Substrat von der Rückseite mit der bestimmten Strahlung durchstrahlt und das erste Farbmittel von der bestimmten Strahlung ablatiert wird, wobei das Wasserzeichen als Maske zur Intensitätsschwächung der bestimmten Strahlung verwendet wird, um das Druckelement im Passer zum Wasserzeichen zu modifizieren, wobei das erste Farbmittel ein remittierendes Farbmittel mit einem Farbeffekt ist und in einer ersten Farbschicht angeordnet ist, und das zweite Farbmittel ein lumineszierendes Farbmittel ist und in einer zweiten Farbschicht angeordnet ist, die erste Farbschicht die zweite überdeckt und wobei das zweite Farbmittel an Stellen freigelegt wird, indem das erste Farbmittel unter Verwendung des Wasserzeichens als Maske von der ersten bestimmten Strahlung ablatiert oder hinsichtlich des Farbeffektes verändert wird.This object is achieved according to the invention with a method for producing a security element, wherein a substrate is provided which has a front and a back, at least for certain radiation is translucent and has a watermark, which modulates the opacity of the substrate, on the front Printing element is applied, which at least partially covers the watermark and containing at least a first and a second colorant, wherein the first colorant is ablatierbar by means of the first specific radiation and the second not, and the substrate from the back irradiated with the particular radiation and the ablating the first colorant from the particular radiation, the watermark being used as a mask to attenuate the intensity of the particular radiation to modify the printing element in the register to the watermark, the first colorant being a remittent colorant having a color effect i is disposed in a first color layer, and the second colorant is a luminescent colorant and is disposed in a second color layer, the first color layer covers the second, and wherein the second colorant is exposed at locations by using the first colorant using the watermark as Mask ablated from the first specific radiation or changed in terms of the color effect.
Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß ebenfalls gelöst mit einem Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Sicherheitselementes, wobei ein Substrat bereitgestellt wird, das eine Vorder- sowie eine Rückseite hat, mindestens für bestimmte Strahlung transluzent ist und ein Wasserzeichen aufweist, welches die Opazität des Substrates moduliert, auf die Vorderseite ein Druckelement aufgebracht wird, das das Wasserzeichen mindestens teilweise überdeckt und das mindestens ein erstes und ein zweites Farbmittel enthält, wobei das erste Farbmittel mittels der ersten bestimmten Strahlung ablatierbar ist und das zweite nicht, und das Substrat von der Rückseite mit der bestimmten Strahlung durchstrahlt und das erste Farbmittel von der bestimmten Strahlung ablatiert wird, wobei das Wasserzeichen als Maske zur Intensitätsabschwächung der bestimmten Strahlung verwendet wird, um das Druckelement im Passer zum Wasserzeichen zu modifizieren, wobei das erste Farbmittel ein remittierendes Farbmittel mit einem Farbeffekt ist und das zweite Farbmittel ein lumineszierendes Farbmittel ist, das erste Farbmittel und das zweite Farbmittel in einer gemeinsamen Farbschicht angeordnet sind und das zweite Farbmittel an Stellen freigelegt wird, indem das erste Farbmittel unter Verwendung des Wasserzeichens als Maske von der ersten bestimmten Strahlung hinsichtlich seines Farbeffektes verändert wird.The object is also achieved according to the invention with a method for producing a security element, wherein a substrate is provided which has a front and a back, at least for certain radiation is translucent and has a watermark, which modulates the opacity of the substrate, on the front a printing element is applied, which at least partially covers the watermark and which contains at least a first and a second colorant, wherein the first colorant is ablatierbar by means of the first specific radiation and the second, and the substrate is irradiated from the backside with the particular radiation and the first colorant is ablated from the particular radiation, the watermark being used as a mask to attenuate the intensity of the particular radiation to modify the printing element in the register to the watermark, wherein the first colorant is a colorant remitting colorant and the second colorant is a luminescent colorant, the first colorant and the second colorant are disposed in a common color layer, and the second colorant is exposed at locations by using the first colorant using the watermark as a mask is changed by the first specific radiation in terms of its color effect.
Das zweite Farbmittel wird in beiden genannten Varianten (Farbmittel in getrennten Farbschichten oder in einer gemeinsamen Farbschicht) freigelegt, indem die Farbwirkung des ersten Farbmittels verändert und damit aufgehoben wird. Dies kann dadurch erfolgen, dass das erste Farbmittel aus der entsprechenden Farbschicht ganz oder teilweise entfernt wird. Alternativ ist es auch möglich, dass nur die optischen Eigenschaften des Farbmittels so verändert werden, so dass es den Farbeffekt nicht mehr zeigt. Dies ist beispielsweise möglich, indem Bindungen im Farbmittel, beispielsweise in Pigmenten, aufgebrochen werden. Es ist also erfindungsgemäß möglich, das Farbmittel hinsichtlich des Farbeffektes zu verändern, sowohl indem es aus der Schicht entfernt wird (Ablation) als auch indem es zwar in der Schicht verbleibt, dort aber modifiziert wird. Soweit nachfolgend die Option der Ablation geschildert wird, ist dies ausschließlich beispielhaft zu verstehen, und die entsprechende Beschreibung bezieht sich auch auf die Variante, dass das erste Farbmittel modifiziert wird.The second colorant is exposed in both variants mentioned (colorant in separate color layers or in a common color layer) by changing the color effect of the first colorant and thus repealed. This can be done by completely or partially removing the first colorant from the corresponding color layer. Alternatively, it is also possible that only the optical properties of the colorant are changed so that it no longer shows the color effect. This is possible, for example, by breaking bonds in the colorant, for example in pigments. It is therefore possible according to the invention to change the colorant with regard to the color effect, both by removing it from the layer (ablation) and, while it remains in the layer, but is modified there. As far as the option of ablation is described below, this is to be understood as an example only, and the corresponding description also refers to the variant that the first colorant is modified.
Das lumineszierende Bild im Passer zum Durchsichts- oder Aufsichtsbild zu gestalten, erreicht die Erfindung entweder dadurch, dass das erste Farbmittel in einer ersten Farbschicht und das zweite Farbmittel in einer zweiten Farbschicht vorgesehen und die beiden Farbschichten so angeordnet werden, dass die erste Farbschicht über der zweiten Farbschicht liegt, oder dass beide Farbmittel in einer gemeinsamen Farbschicht liegen. Bei den getrennten Farbschichten wird das erste Farbmittel durch das Ablatieren/Modifizieren der ersten Farbschicht entfernt/modifiziert und das zweite Farbmittel in der zweiten Farbschicht wird freigelegt. Dadurch ist die Brillanz des zweiten Farbmittel besonders groß. Sind die Farbmittel in einer gemeinsamen Farbschicht, ist die Herstellung einfacher. Das erste Farbmittel wird dann aus der Farbschicht ablatiert/modifiziert, so dass die Wirkung des zweiten Farbmittels somit in der Farbschicht steigt.The luminescent image in the register for the see-through or supervisory image, the invention achieved either by providing the first colorant in a first color layer and the second colorant in a second color layer and the two color layers are arranged so that the first color layer on the second color layer, or that both colorants are in a common color layer. In the separate color layers, the first colorant is removed / modified by ablating / modifying the first color layer, and the second colorant in the second color layer is exposed. As a result, the brilliance of the second colorant is particularly large. If the colorants in a common color layer, the production is easier. The first colorant is then ablated / modified from the color layer so that the effect of the second colorant thus increases in the color layer.
Die Erfindung bildet also das in der
Durch die Ausgestaltung des Wasserzeichens ist auch eine mehrstufige oder gar kontinuierliche Variation der Opazität des Wasserzeichens und damit eine entsprechende mehrstufige oder gleichmäßige Variation der Ablation/Modifikation des ersten Farbmittels möglich. Auch in diesen Fällen ist die Freilegung des zweiten Farbmittel und damit die Intensität des in Lumineszenz erkennbaren Bildes invers zum Farbeindruck, der in Aufsicht oder in Durchsicht durch das erste Farbmittel vermittelt wird.Due to the design of the watermark, a multi-level or even continuous variation of the opacity of the watermark and thus a corresponding multi-level or uniform variation of the ablation / modification of the first colorant is possible. Also in these cases, the exposure of the second colorant and thus the intensity of the image recognizable in luminescence is inverse to the color impression, which is mediated in a plan view or in a view through the first colorant.
In einer Weiterbildung sieht es die
Das physikalische Entfernen des ersten Farbmittels kann direkt geschehen oder indirekt. Im letzteren Fall entfernt die bestimmte Strahlung ein Element, das wiederum die erste Farbschicht oder das erste Farbmittel ganz oder teilweise entfernt. Beispielsweise kann mittels der bestimmten Strahlung eine Schicht modifiziert werden, welche die Haftung der ersten Farbschicht auf der zweiten Farbschicht beeinflusst. Nach der Modifikation dieser die Haftung beeinflussenden Schicht, wird dann in einem weiteren Schritt die erste Farbschicht in den Bereichen entfernt, in denen die Haftung modifiziert (oder im inversen Fall nicht modifiziert) wurde. Das Vorgehen ähnelt dem Prinzip der sogenannten Waschfarbe.The physical removal of the first colorant can be done directly or indirectly. In the latter case, the particular radiation removes an element which in turn removes all or part of the first color layer or colorant. For example, a layer which influences the adhesion of the first color layer to the second color layer can be modified by means of the specific radiation. After the modification of this the adhesion In a further step, the first color layer is then removed in those areas where the adhesion has been modified (or not modified in the inverse case). The procedure is similar to the principle of the so-called wash color.
Eine weitere Möglichkeit ist eine indirekte Modifikation einer Entwicklerschicht, welche im Zusammenwirken mit einem Entwickler- oder Fixiermedium die erste Farbschicht an denjenigen Stellen modifiziert, an denen die Entwicklerschicht geeignet belichtet wurde. Eine indirekte Beeinflussung ist auch in einem zweistufigen Verfahren möglich, wenn das Druckelement eine Haftschicht für die erste Farbschicht aufweist, die auf die Vorderseite aufgebracht und von der Rückseite unter Mitwirkung des Wasserzeichens als Maske belichtet wird. In einem zweiten Schritt kann dann die erste Farbschicht des Druckelementes aufgebracht werden, welche nur an denjenigen Stellen haftet, an denen die Belichtung erfolgte. Gegebenenfalls kann hier auch in einem Zwischenschritt auf die belichtete Haftschicht eingewirkt werden, so dass diese lediglich in den Bereichen verbleibt, in denen eine geeignete Belichtung erfolgte (Positiveffekt) bzw. in denjenigen Bereichen verbleibt, in denen keine geeignete Belichtung erfolgte (Negativeffekt).Another possibility is an indirect modification of a developer layer which, in cooperation with a developer or fixing medium, modifies the first color layer at those points at which the developer layer has been suitably exposed. Indirect influence is also possible in a two-stage process if the printing element has an adhesive layer for the first color layer, which is applied to the front side and exposed from the rear side with the participation of the watermark as a mask. In a second step, the first ink layer of the printing element can then be applied, which adheres only to those places where the exposure took place. Optionally, the exposed adhesive layer can also be acted upon here in an intermediate step so that it remains only in those areas in which a suitable exposure took place (positive effect) or remains in those areas in which no suitable exposure took place (negative effect).
Im Rahmen dieser Beschreibung wird unter dem Begriff "Druckelement" ein auf ein Substrat aufgebrachtes Element verstanden, das gegebenenfalls nach weiterer Bearbeitung ein visuell oder maschinell auswertbares Element verwirklicht. Am weitesten verbreitet sind natürlich Druckelemente auf Basis von Druckfarben. Soweit diese Beschreibung von einer Druckfarbe spricht, ist dies exemplarisch für ein Druckelement zu verstehen.In the context of this description, the term "pressure element" is understood to mean an element applied to a substrate, which optionally, after further processing, realizes a visually or mechanically evaluable element. Of course, most widely used are printing elements based on printing inks. As far as this description speaks of a printing ink, this is to be understood by way of example for a printing element.
Soweit in dieser Beschreibung und insbesondere in den Ansprüchen also von "Druckelement" oder "Druckfarbe" gesprochen wird und das Aufbringen dieses Druckelementes auf die Vorderseite über dem Wasserzeichen erwähnt ist, ist davon auch umfasst, dass von einem Druckelementschichtsystem nur ein Teil des Schichtsystems aufgebracht und mit der bestimmten Bestrahlung belichtet wird; der andere Teil wird dann nach diesen Schritten aufgebracht und wirkt mit dem belichteten Teil des Schichtsystems geeignet zusammen, um im Passer zum Wasserzeichen ein Druckbild zu erzeugen.As far as spoken in this description and in particular in the claims that of "printing element" or "printing ink" and the application this printing element on the front side above the watermark is also included in that of a printing element layer system only a part of the layer system is applied and exposed to the specific irradiation; the other part is then applied after these steps and interacts with the exposed portion of the layer system to create a printed image in the watermark to the watermark.
Farbmittel oder auch farbgebende Substanzen werden bekanntlich unterteilt in Farbstoffe und Farbpigmente. Farbstoffe sind farbgebende Substanzen, die im Anwendungsmedium löslich sind, wohingegen Farbpigmente farbgebende Substanzen sind, die im Anwendungsmedium unlöslich sind.Colorants or coloring substances are known to be subdivided into dyes and color pigments. Dyes are colorants that are soluble in the application medium, whereas color pigments are colorants that are insoluble in the application medium.
Die Begriffe "Farbmittel" und "Farbe" sind hierbei hinsichtlich des remittierenden Farbmittels nicht auf einen bunten Sinneseindruck eingeschränkt. Auch eine unbunte Wirkung, beispielsweise durch schwarze oder metallische Farbmittel, ist für das remittierende Farbmittel möglich. Das remittierende Farbmittel kann insbesondere unbunte Pigmente, wie z. B. schwarze oder silberne Pigmente, farbige Pigmente, Effektfarbenpigmente oder Colour-Shift-Pigmente enthalten.The terms "colorant" and "color" are not limited to a colorful sensory impression with respect to the remittant colorant. An achromatic effect, for example by black or metallic colorants, is possible for the remittant colorant. The remittant colorant may in particular achromatic pigments, such as. As black or silver pigments, colored pigments, effect color pigments or color-shift pigments.
Farbmittel mit silbernen Pigmenten werden beispielsweise mit einer Schichtdicke bzw. Masse pro Flächeneinheit von 0,5 g/m2 bis 2,0 g/m2 und bevorzugt von 0,8 g/m2 bis 1,5 g/m2 gedruckt.Colorants with silver pigments are printed, for example, with a layer thickness or mass per unit area of 0.5 g / m 2 to 2.0 g / m 2 and preferably from 0.8 g / m 2 to 1.5 g / m 2 .
Das Wasserzeichen kann durch eine Variation einer Dicke des Substrates bei gleich bleibender Dichte erzeugt werden, durch Variation der Dichte des Substrats bei gleich bleibender Dicke oder auch durch eine sogenannte Wasserzeichenfarbe. Letztere werden auch als "unechte" Wasserzeichen" bezeichnet. Das Wasserzeichen kann die Opazität eines Substrates binär modulieren, d. h. es erzeugt eine in der Durchsicht erkennbare Struktur dadurch, dass an einzelnen Stellen das Substrat weniger opak bzw. höher transluzent ist als an anderen Stellen. Es sind aber auch Wasserzeichen im Sinne einer Graustufenmodulation möglich, welche die Opazität bzw. die Transluzenz zwischen zwei Maximalwerten modulieren. In der Durchlichtbetrachtung erkennt man dann ein Graustufenbild. Beide Arten von Wasserzeichen sind für das vorliegende Druckverfahren gleichermaßen geeignet. Bei einem Wasserzeichen, das in der Art eines Graustufenbildes ausgestaltet ist, ist es natürlich besonders vorteilhaft, eine Druckfarbe zu verwenden, deren Modifizierbarkeit über eine einfache Schwellwertmodifikation hinausgeht, deren Modifikation also mehr als zwei Zustände kennt. Die mehrstufige Modulation durch das Wasserzeichen wird dann in eine entsprechende mehrstufige Modifikation des Druckelementes umgesetzt.The watermark can be generated by varying the thickness of the substrate at a constant density, by varying the density of the substrate with a constant thickness or by a so-called watermark color. The latter are also referred to as "spurious" watermarks. "The watermark can binary modulate the opacity of a substrate. that is, it produces a structure which can be seen in the transparency in that the substrate is less opaque or more translucent at individual locations than at other locations. But there are also watermarks in the sense of a gray scale modulation possible, which modulate the opacity or translucency between two maximum values. In the transmitted light view, one then recognizes a grayscale image. Both types of watermarks are equally suitable for the present printing process. In the case of a watermark which is designed in the manner of a gray-scale image, it is, of course, particularly advantageous to use an ink whose modifiability goes beyond a simple threshold modification, the modification of which thus knows more than two states. The multi-level modulation by the watermark is then converted into a corresponding multi-stage modification of the printing element.
Die erste Farbschicht bzw. das erste Farbmittel und die bestimmte Strahlung sind so aufeinander abgestimmt, dass die bestimmte Strahlung in der Lage ist, das erste Farbmittel zu ablatieren/modifizieren, wobei das Wasserzeichen, welches die Opazität des Substrates moduliert, als Maske zur Modulation der Intensität der bestimmten Strahlung verwendet wird. Der Begriff "bestimmte Strahlung" bringt dies zum Ausdruck. Die Ablation/Modifikation wird dann erreicht, wenn die bestimmte Strahlung an der Vorderseite eine geeignete Intensität hat. Die durch das Wasserzeichen bewirkte Opazitätsmodulation moduliert die Intensität der Strahlung auf der Vorderseite, auf der sich das Druckelement befindet. Die Strahlungsintensität auf der Rückseite wird deshalb so eingestellt, dass die Opazitätsmodulation, welche durch das Wasserzeichen bewirkt ist, auf der Vorderseite zu einer Strahlungsmodulation führt, welche den Modifikations-/ Ablationseffekt moduliert. Mit anderen Worten, die Strahlungsintensität auf der Rückseite wird so gewählt, dass an den Stellen, an denen das Wasserzeichen die niedrigste Opazität im Substrat bewirkt, die größte Wirkung eintritt, an den Stellen, an denen das Wasserzeichen die höchste Opazität des Substrates bewirkt, hingegen keine bzw. nur eine sehr geringe Ablation/ Modifikation erreicht ist. So dient das Wasserzeichen als Intensitätsmaske bei der Durchstrahlung des Substrates mit der bestimmten Strahlung.The first color layer or colorant and the particular radiation are matched to one another such that the particular radiation is capable of ablating / modifying the first colorant, the watermark modulating the opacity of the substrate being used as a mask to modulate the colorant Intensity of the particular radiation is used. The term "certain radiation" expresses this. The ablation / modification is achieved when the particular radiation at the front has a suitable intensity. The watermarked opacity modulation modulates the intensity of the radiation on the front face on which the printing element is located. The radiation intensity on the backside is therefore adjusted so that the opacity modulation caused by the watermark on the front side results in a radiation modulation which modulates the modification / ablation effect. In other words, the radiation intensity on the back is chosen so that where the watermark is the lowest Opacity in the substrate causes the greatest effect occurs, where no or only a very small ablation / modification is achieved at the points where the watermark causes the highest opacity of the substrate. Thus, the watermark serves as an intensity mask when the substrate is irradiated with the particular radiation.
Das freigelegte zweite lumineszierende Farbmittel zeigt im Lumineszenzbild, das beispielsweise bei Betrachtung unter UV-haltiger Beleuchtung erkennbar ist, ein Hauptmuster, das durch die Struktur des freigelegten zweiten Farbmittels definiert ist. Wird die bestimmte Strahlung so aufgebracht, dass das erste Farbmittel entweder ganz oder vollständig entfernt wird, entspricht das Lumineszenzbild einem reinen Schwarz-Weiß-Bild ohne Tönungen. Gleichermaßen ist es aber auch möglich, die Ablation durch das Wasserzeichen so einzustellen, dass auch eine teilweise Ablation des ersten Farbmittels erfolgt. Diese teilweise Ablation schwächt die absorbierende Wirkung des ersten Farbmittels, so dass an den teilweise ablatierten Stellen im Lumineszenzbild eine Intensität vorliegt, die zwischen der liegt, die bei vollständiger Freilegung des zweiten Farbmittels erhalten wird, und der, die bei unbeeinflusstem ersten Farbmittel vorliegt. Alternativ und zusätzlich ist natürlich auch eine Graustufendarstellung durch Halb- oder Mehrtonrasterung möglich, wie dies bei der Graustufendarstellung durch gerasterte Bilddarstellung bekannt ist. Letztlich wird dann das Wasserzeichen entsprechend strukturiert, um die entsprechende Variation der Opazität als Intensitätsmaske für die Wirkung der bestimmten Strahlung auf das erste Farbmittel vorzusehen.The exposed second luminescent colorant shows in the luminescent image, which is recognizable, for example, when viewed under UV-containing illumination, a main pattern, which is defined by the structure of the exposed second colorant. If the particular radiation is applied so that the first colorant is either completely or completely removed, the luminescence image corresponds to a pure black and white image without tints. Equally, it is also possible to adjust the ablation by the watermark so that a partial ablation of the first colorant takes place. This partial ablation weakens the absorbing action of the first colorant such that at the partially ablated sites in the luminescent image there is an intensity intermediate between that obtained upon complete exposure of the second colorant and that present with unaffected first colorant. Alternatively and additionally, of course, a grayscale representation by half or multi-tone screening is possible, as is known in the gray scale representation by screened image representation. Finally, the watermark is then patterned accordingly to provide the appropriate variation of opacity as an intensity mask for the effect of the particular radiation on the first colorant.
Da die Ablation in der Regel eine vergleichsweise hohe Strahlungsintensität erfordert, ist der Einsatz eines Strahlbündels vorteilhaft, das über die Rückseite des Substrates gerastert wird. Das Strahlbündel kann beispielsweise in Form eines Laserstrahls vorliegen. Es ist dann nicht nur einfach, die erforderliche Strahlungsintensität bereitzustellen, auch die Intensitätseinstellung kann einfach erfolgen, da es weniger Aufwand bereitet, ein Strahlbündel in seiner Intensität einzustellen, als eine homogene Intensitätseinstellung eines aufgefächerten Lichtstrahls zu bewirken. Dennoch ist für bestimmte Ausführungsformen auch eine Weitfeldeinstrahlung der bestimmten Strahlung möglich.Since ablation usually requires a comparatively high radiation intensity, it is advantageous to use a beam that is scanned over the back of the substrate. The beam may be in the form of a laser beam, for example. It's not just easy then, the required To provide radiation intensity, the intensity adjustment can be done easily, since it is less effort to adjust a beam in its intensity, as to effect a homogeneous intensity adjustment of a fanned-out light beam. Nevertheless, for certain embodiments, a far field irradiation of the particular radiation is possible.
Die Verwendung eines gerasterten Strahlbündels hat den Vorteil, dass die Intensität der bestimmten Strahlung zusätzlich zur Verwendung des Wasserzeichens als Maske variiert werden kann, um eine zusätzliche Strukturierung gemäß einem ersten Zusatzmuster zu bewirken. Dieses Zusatzmuster ist dann natürlich nicht im Passer zum Wasserzeichen. Es ist deshalb in einer Weiterbildung vorgesehen, dass die bestimmte Strahlung so strukturiert oder moduliert wird, dass ein erstes Zusatzmuster ausgespart wird, also nicht bestrahlt wird, in dem dann konsequenterweise das erste Farbmittel nicht ablatiert wird. Dies führt dazu, dass in diesem ersten Zusatzmuster die Intensität der Lumineszenzstrahlung von dem zweiten Farbmittel aufgrund des nicht ablatierten ersten Farbmittels weiter abgeschwächt bleibt, was das erste Zusatzmuster im Lumineszenzbild klar erkennbar macht.The use of a rasterized beam has the advantage that the intensity of the particular radiation can be varied in addition to using the watermark as a mask to effect additional patterning according to a first auxiliary pattern. Of course, this additional pattern is not in the register for the watermark. It is therefore provided in a development that the specific radiation is structured or modulated so that a first additional pattern is omitted, that is not irradiated, in which then consequently the first colorant is not ablated. As a result, in this first additional pattern, the intensity of the luminescence radiation from the second colorant remains further attenuated due to the non-ablated first colorant, which makes the first additional pattern clearly recognizable in the luminescence image.
In einer Weiterbildung wird mit dem zweiten Farbmittel ein zweites Zusatzmuster ausgebildet. Diese Weiterbildung kann mit der das erste Muster ausbildenden Weiterbildung kombiniert werden. Das zweite Zusatzmuster wird dadurch erzeugt, dass mit einer weiteren Strahlung das zweite Farbmittel in den freigelegten Bereichen ebenfalls entfernt wird. Im Lumineszenzbild ist das zweite Zusatzmuster dann durch Orte ausbleibender Lumineszenz zu erkennen. Im Bereich des zweiten Zusatzmusters ist nicht nur das erste Farbmittel entfernt, sondern auch das zweite lumineszierende Farbmittel. Diese Ausgestaltung kann besonders einfach dadurch realisiert werden, dass die bestimmte Strahlung und die weitere Strahlung aus derselben Laserquelle stammen, beispielsweise indem die Laserquelle gepulste Laserstrahlung abgibt, um die bestimmte Strahlung bereitzustellen, also das erste Farbmittel zu ablatieren und Dauerstrichstrahlung, um das zweite Farbmittel zu ablatieren.In a development, a second additional pattern is formed with the second colorant. This development can be combined with the training that forms the first pattern. The second additional pattern is produced by also removing the second colorant in the exposed areas with another radiation. In the luminescence image, the second additional pattern can then be recognized by locations of no luminescence. In the region of the second additional pattern not only the first colorant is removed, but also the second luminescent colorant. This embodiment can be realized particularly simply by the fact that the particular radiation and the further radiation originate from the same laser source, for example by the laser source emitting pulsed laser radiation to provide the particular radiation, ie ablating the first colorant and continuous wave radiation to ablate the second colorant.
In einer anderen Weiterbildung, die mit denen des ersten und/oder zweiten Zusatzmusters kombiniert werden kann, wird beim Aufbringen der ersten und zweiten Farbschicht ein drittes Zusatzmuster in Form einer Aussparung in der Farbschicht vorgesehen. Der Effekt dieses dritten Zusatzmusters entspricht im Wesentlichen dem des zweiten Zusatzmusters, jedoch kann dieses dritte Zusatzmuster völlig unabhängig von der Variation der Opazität durch das Wasserzeichen platziert werden, da keine Farbschichtentfernung in der Struktur des dritten Motivs nötig ist. Es ist zudem auch in Bereichen außerhalb des Wasserzeichens möglich.In another development, which can be combined with those of the first and / or second additional pattern, a third additional pattern in the form of a recess in the color layer is provided when applying the first and second color layer. The effect of this third additional pattern is substantially the same as that of the second additional pattern, however, this third additional pattern can be placed completely independent of the variation of opacity by the watermark, since no color layer removal is necessary in the structure of the third motif. It is also possible in areas outside the watermark.
Als zweite Farbschicht kommen insbesondere metallische Pigmente in Frage. Sie erreichen eine zusätzliche Fälschungssicherheit, da zusätzlich ein Glanzeffekt wahrnehmbar ist, der an denjenigen Stellen, an denen die erste Farbschicht vollständig oder teilweise ablatiert wurde, entsprechend ausbleibt oder gemindert ist.As a second color coat, in particular metallic pigments come into question. They achieve an additional protection against counterfeiting, since in addition a gloss effect is perceptible, which at those points, at which the first color layer was ablated completely or partially, fails or is reduced accordingly.
Die erste Farbschicht und die zweite Farbschicht sind so gewählt, dass in einem Wellenlängenbereich, in dem die bestimmte Strahlung liegt, die erste Farbschicht stärker absorbiert als die zweite Farbschicht. Bevorzugt wird als bestimmte Strahlung Infrarotstrahlung eingesetzt, und die zweite Farbschicht ist in diesem Bereich transparent. Ein besonders bevorzugter Spektralbereich der Infrarotstrahlung ist der Spektralbereich zwischen 1000 nm und 1100 nm.The first color layer and the second color layer are selected such that in a wavelength range in which the particular radiation is located, the first color layer absorbs more strongly than the second color layer. Preferably, infrared radiation is used as the specific radiation, and the second color layer is transparent in this area. A particularly preferred spectral range of the infrared radiation is the spectral range between 1000 nm and 1100 nm.
Der hier verwendete Begriff Druckfarbe hebt auf den Druckeffekt ab, der durch die wasserzeichenmaskierte und strahlungsbasierte Modifikation erreicht wird. Die Druckfarbe selbst kann dabei natürlich auch Strukturen umfassen, die über herkömmliche Drucksysteme hinausgehen, beispielsweise eine Folienbeschichtung oder eine Metallisierung.The term ink used here stands out for the printing effect achieved by the watermark-masked and radiation-based modification. Of course, the ink itself can also include structures that go beyond conventional printing systems, such as a foil coating or metallization.
Zu schützende Gegenstände im Rahmen dieser Beschreibung können beispielsweise Sicherheitspapiere, Ausweis- und Wertdokumente (wie z. B. Banknoten, Pässe, Ausweise, Aktien, Anleihen, Urkunden, Gutscheine, Schecks, Eintrittskarten,...) sowie Produktsicherungselemente, wie z.B. Etiketten, Siegel, Verpackungen, sein, bei denen ein Wasserzeichen möglich ist.Items to be protected within the scope of this description may include, for example, security papers, identity and value documents (such as banknotes, passports, identity cards, shares, bonds, certificates, vouchers, checks, tickets, etc.) as well as product security elements such as security items. Labels, seals, packaging, where a watermark is possible.
Unter dem Begriff Sicherheitspapier wird hier insbesondere die noch nicht umlauffähige Vorstufe zu einem Wertdokument (z. B. einer Banknote) verstanden, die neben dem erfindungsgemäß hergestellten Druck beispielsweise auch weitere Echtheitsmerkmale (wie z. B. im Volumen vorgesehene Lumineszenzstoffe) aufweisen kann. Unter Wertdokumenten werden hier einerseits aus Sicherheitspapieren hergestellte Dokumente, z. B. Banknoten, verstanden. Andererseits können Wertdokumente auch sonstige Dokumente und Gegenstände sein, die mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Druckverfahren bearbeitet sind, damit die Wertdokumente nicht kopierbare Echtheitsmerkmale aufweisen, wodurch eine Echtheitsüberprüfung möglich ist und zugleich unerwünschte Kopien verhindert werden.The term security paper is understood here to mean, in particular, the precursor that can not yet be processed to a value document (eg a banknote) which, in addition to the pressure produced according to the invention, can also have other authenticity features (such as luminescent substances provided in the volume, for example). Under value documents here on the one hand from security papers produced documents, eg. B. banknotes understood. On the other hand, value documents can also be other documents and articles which are processed with the printing method according to the invention, so that the value documents have non-copyable authenticity features, whereby an authenticity check is possible and at the same time unwanted copies are prevented.
Das Substrat besteht besonders bevorzugt aus Papier aus Baumwollfasern, wie es beispielsweise für Banknoten verwendet wird. Bevorzugt kann das Substrat auch aus Papier aus anderen natürlichen Fasern, ebenso bevorzugt aus Synthesefasern, d.h. einer Mischung aus natürlichen und synthetischen Fasern bestehen. Weiterhin bevorzugt besteht das Substrat aus einer Kombination aus mindestens zwei übereinander angeordneten und miteinander verbundenen unterschiedlichen Substraten, einem sogenannten Hybrid. Es kann sich beispielsweise um eine Kombination Kunststofffolie-Papier oder auch um einen dreischichtigen Verbund handeln, wie Kunststofffolie-Papier-Kunststofffolie, d.h. ein Substrat aus Papier wird auf jeder seiner beiden Seiten durch eine Kunststofffolie bedeckt, oder Papier-Kunststofffolie-Papier, d.h. ein Substrat aus einer Kunststofffolie wird auf jeder seiner beiden Seiten durch ein Substrat aus Papier bedeckt.The substrate is particularly preferably made of paper made of cotton fibers, as used for example for banknotes. Preferably, the substrate may also be made of paper of other natural fibers, also preferably of synthetic fibers, ie a mixture of natural and synthetic fibers. Further preferably, the substrate consists of a combination from at least two superimposed and interconnected different substrates, a so-called hybrid. It may be, for example, a combination of plastic film paper or even a three-layer composite, such as plastic film-paper plastic film, ie a substrate of paper is covered on either side by a plastic film, or paper-plastic film paper, ie Substrate made of a plastic film is covered on each side by a paper substrate.
Optional besteht das Substrat aus einer mindestens teilweise transparenten Kunststofffolie. Das Wasserzeichen wird in diesem Fall durch eine Farbe erzeugt, die auf eine Seite des Substrats aufgebracht ist und deren Farbton dem Farbton des Substrats mindestens ähnlich ist. Ein derartiges Wasserzeichen ist beispielsweise aus
Unter Transluzenz bzw. transluzent wird in dieser Beschreibung die partielle Lichtdurchlässigkeit eines Körpers verstanden, also die Eigenschaft, Licht streuend durchzulassen. Transluzenz ist u.a. in Abgrenzung zur Transparenz (= Bild- oder Blickdurchlässigkeit) zu sehen. Die reziproke Eigenschaft der Transluzenz ist die Opazität. Soweit hier die Rede davon ist, dass ein Wasserzeichen die Opazität moduliert, kann gleichermaßen davon gesprochen werden, dass es invers dazu die Transluzenz moduliert.Under translucency or translucent in this description, the partial translucency of a body is understood, so the property of transmitting light scattering. Translucency is among others in contrast to the transparency (= image or view permeability) to see. The reciprocal property of translucency is opacity. As far as there is talk here that a watermark modulates the opacity, it can equally be said that it inversely modulates the translucency.
Es versteht sich, dass die vorstehend genannten und die nachstehend noch zu erläuternden Merkmale nicht nur in den angegebenen Kombinationen, sondern auch in anderen Kombinationen oder in Alleinstellung einsetzbar sind, ohne den Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung zu verlassen.It is understood that the features mentioned above and those yet to be explained below can be used not only in the specified combinations but also in other combinations or alone, without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung beispielshalber anhand der beigefügten Zeichnungen, die auch erfindungswesentliche Merkmale offenbaren, noch näher erläutert ist. Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1a und 1b
- eine Schemadarstellung eines Substrates in Schnittdarstellung (
Fig. 1a ) bzw. in Draufsicht (Fig. 1b ) zur Veranschaulichung der Opazitätsmodulation durch das Wasserzeichen, - Fig. 2a und 2b
- Schemadarstellungen des Substrates der
Fig. 1 zur Erzeugung eines zum Wasserzeichen gepasserten Druckbildes, - Fig. 3a und 3b
- eine Schemadarstellung ähnlich der
Fig. 1a und 1b , betreffend eine Ausführungsform, bei der das Wasserzeichen durch eine Wasserzeichenfarbe erzeugt ist, - Fig. 4
- eine Darstellung ähnlich der
Fig. 2 für das Substrat derFig. 3a und 3b , - Fig. 5a
- eine Schemadarstellung ähnlich der
Fig. 2 für ein Ausführungsbeispiel, bei dem auf der Vorderseite des Substrates eine nicht modifizierbare Beschichtung vorgesehen ist, - Fig. 5b und 5c
- Ansichten des Substrates der
Fig. 5a von der Rückseite bzw. der Vorderseite nach einer Modifikation, - Fig. 6
- Ansichten von neun Bildern, die das Sicherheitselement der
Fig. 1 während der Herstellung und in verschiedenen Ansichtsbedingungen zeigt, undbis 2 - Fig. 7
bis 9 - Darstellungen ähnlich der
Fig. 6 für verschiedene Abwandlungen und Weiterbildungen des Sicherheitselementes.
- Fig. 1a and 1b
- a schematic representation of a substrate in a sectional view (
Fig. 1a ) or in plan view (Fig. 1b ) to illustrate the opacity modulation by the watermark, - Fig. 2a and 2b
- Schematic representations of the substrate of the
Fig. 1 for generating a watermarked printed image, - Fig. 3a and 3b
- a schema representation similar to the
Fig. 1a and 1b relating to an embodiment in which the watermark is generated by a watermark color, - Fig. 4
- a representation similar to the
Fig. 2 for the substrate ofFig. 3a and 3b . - Fig. 5a
- a schema representation similar to the
Fig. 2 for an embodiment in which a non-modifiable coating is provided on the front side of the substrate, - Fig. 5b and 5c
- Views of the substrate of the
Fig. 5a from the back or the front after a modification, - Fig. 6
- Views of nine pictures showing the security element of the
Fig. 1 to 2 during manufacture and in different viewing conditions, and - Fig. 7 to 9
- Representations similar to the
Fig. 6 for various modifications and developments of the security element.
Zum Erzeugen eines Druckbildes, das zum Wasserzeichen gepassert ist, wird auf die Vorderseite 3 eine Druckfarbenschicht 9 aufgebracht, deren remittierendes Farbmittel mittels Laserstrahlung ablatierbar oder hinsichtlich eines Farbeffektes modifizierbar ist. Unter der Druckfarbenschicht 9 befindet sich eine Fluoreszenzfarbenschicht 22, die einen lumineszierenden Farbmittelstoff enthält.
Von der Vorderseite 3 wird nun ein Laserstrahl 10 über das Substrat geführt. Er durchstrahlt das Substrat 2. Die Wellenlänge des Laserstrahls ist derart, dass das remittierende Farbmittel durch die Strahlung absorbiert und modifiziert wird oder ablatiert wird. Der Laserstrahl 10 wird abhängig von der Opazität des Substrates 2, welche durch das Wasserzeichen 5 moduliert ist, abgeschwächt. An einer Position 10a, an der das Substrat durch das Wasserzeichen eine hohe Opazität hat, wird der Laserstrahl 10 stark abgeschwächt. An einer Position 10b, an der das Substrat die geringste Opazität hat, wird der Laserstrahl am wenigsten abgeschwächt. In
Die Intensität des Laserstrahls 10 wird so eingestellt, dass das Wasserzeichen als Intensitätsmaske eine Modulation der Wirkung auf das remittierende Farbmittel z. B. der Druckfarbenschicht 9 bewirkt, die der Laserstrahl 10 auf die an der Vorderseite 3 aufgebrachte Druckfarbenschicht 9 oder Farbschicht 64 hat: im Bereich 8 mit geringer Opazität wird das remittierende Farbmittel maximal ablatiert oder modifiziert, in Bereichen 7 mit mittlerer Opazität zu einem geringeren Grad, und in Bereichen 6 mit maximaler Opazität erfolgt die geringste oder gegebenenfalls sogar keine Ablation/ Modifikation. Dies gilt natürlich nur, soweit die Druckfarbenschicht 9/die Farbschicht 64 auf der Vorderseite 3 den Bereich überdeckt, in dem das Wasserzeichen 5 im Substrat 2 ausgebildet ist. Das fluoreszierende Farbmittel wird vom Laserstrahl 10 nicht ablatiert/ modifiziert, ist z. B. für den Laserstrahl 10 transparent.The intensity of the
Die beschriebene Ausführungsform kann dahingehend abgewandelt werden, dass anstelle eines Wasserzeichens, welches die Opazität durch eine Dickenvariation des Substrates moduliert, ein sogenanntes "unechtes" bzw. gedrucktes Wasserzeichen tritt, also ein Wasserzeichen, das auf dem Substrat 2 durch eine sogenannte Wasserzeichenfarbe erzeugt wurde.The described embodiment may be modified such that instead of a watermark, the opacity by a thickness variation modulates the substrate, a so-called "fake" or printed watermark occurs, so a watermark, which was generated on the
Die
Beaufschlagt man nun, wie in
Die
Die Variante der
Die beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispiele können natürlich auch mit einem Wasserzeichen realisiert werden, das durch eine Wasserzeichenfarbe und nicht durch eine Dickenmodulation erzeugt wurde.Of course, the described embodiments can also be realized with a watermark that was generated by a watermark color and not by a thickness modulation.
Natürlich ist es grundsätzlich für alle Ausführungsformen möglich, eine Kombination aus Wasserzeichenfarbe und Dickenmodulation zu verwenden. Eine Wasserzeichenfarbe ist beispielsweise von Sun Chemical unter der Bezeichnung 669440 Vernes UVSP (Art.-Nr. JV 40000009) verfügbar.Of course, it is basically possible for all embodiments to use a combination of watermark color and thickness modulation. A watermark ink is available, for example, from Sun Chemical under the designation 669440 Vernes UVSP (art.No .: JV 40000009).
Natürlich können die hier beschriebenen Ansätze auch auf beiden Seiten eines Substrates ausgeführt werden, wobei die Farbschichten dann alternierend auf Vorder- und Rückseite des Substrates aufgebracht werden, so dass sie sich nicht überdecken.Of course, the approaches described here can also be carried out on both sides of a substrate, wherein the color layers are then applied alternately on front and back of the substrate, so that they do not overlap.
Darüber hinaus können auch zwei verschiedene Druckfarbenschichten eingesetzt werden, die durch Strahlung unterschiedlicher Spektralbereiche modifizierbar sind. Dies erlaubt es, mit unterschiedlichen Intensitätsprofilen für diese beiden Strahlungen zu arbeiten oder auf Vorder- und Rückseite denselben Bereich mit strahlungsmodifizierten Druckfarbenschichten im Passer zum Wasserzeichen zu bedrucken. Dazu wird eine erste Druckfarbenschicht auf die Vorderseite und eine zweite Druckfarbenschicht auf die Rückseite aufgebracht. Anschließend werden diese Druckfarbenschichten durch Laserstrahlung, die von der Rückseite (für die auf der Vorderseite befindliche Druckfarbenschicht) bzw. der Rückseite (für die auf der Vorderseite befindliche Druckfarbenschicht) entsprechend belichtet und modifiziert.In addition, two different ink layers can be used, which can be modified by radiation of different spectral ranges. This makes it possible to work with different intensity profiles for these two radiations or to print on the front and back the same area with radiation-modified ink layers in the register to the watermark. For this purpose, a first ink layer is applied to the front and a second ink layer on the back. Subsequently, these ink layers are exposed and modified by laser radiation from the back side (for the ink layer located on the front side) or the back side (for the ink layer located on the front side).
Für die Druckfarbenschichten seien nachfolgend drei Beispiele beschrieben:For the ink layers, three examples are described below:
Eine schwarze, rußbasierte Offsetfarbe wurde über den Bereich eines Wasserzeichens gedruckt, nachdem eine Fluoreszenzfarbenschicht aufgedruckt worden war. Die Farbe wurde mehrere Tage getrocknet und dann mittels eines ND-Vanadat-Lasers von der Rückseite die auf der Vorderseite befindliche Farbe ablatiert. In Bereichen mit geringer Papierdicke, d. h. maximal transluzentem Wasserzeichen wurden 80 % bis 95 % der Farbe dadurch entfernt. In Bereichen mit maximaler Papierdicke, d. h. minimaler Transluzenz des Wasserzeichens wurden nur 10 % bis 30 % der Farbe ablatiert.A black, soot-based offset ink was printed over the area of a watermark after a fluorescent ink layer had been printed. The paint was dried for several days and then by means of a ND vanadate laser ablated from the back of the color located on the front. In areas of low paper thickness, ie maximum translucent watermark, 80% to 95% of the color was thereby removed. In areas of maximum paper thickness, ie minimal translucency of the watermark, only 10% to 30% of the color was ablated.
Mittels einer OVI-Siebdruckfarbe WP des Herstellers SICPA wurde der Bereich eines Wasserzeichens an der Vorderseite überdruckt. Die Farbe trocknete mehrere Tage aus. Anschließend wurde mittels eines Nd:Yag-Lasers von der Rückseite die auf der Vorderseite befindliche Farbe ablatiert. In Bereichen mit geringer Papierdicke wurden 80 % bis 95 % der Farbe entfernt. In den Bereichen mit maximaler Papierdicke wurden 10 % bis 30 % der Farbe ablatiert.The area of a watermark on the front side was overprinted by means of an OVI screen printing ink WP from the manufacturer SICPA. The paint dried out for several days. Subsequently, the color on the front side was ablated by means of a Nd: Yag laser from the rear side. In areas of low paper thickness, 80% to 95% of the paint was removed. In areas of maximum paper thickness, 10% to 30% of the paint was ablated.
Mittels einer magnetischen OVMI-Siebdruckfarbe des Herstellers SICPA wurde der Bereich eines Wasserzeichens an der Vorderseite überdruckt, nachdem eine Fluoreszenzfarbenschicht aufgedruckt worden war. Die Farbe trocknete mehrere Tage aus. Anschließend wurde mittels eines Nd:Yag-Lasers von der Rückseite die auf der Vorderseite befindliche Farbe ablatiert. In Bereichen mit geringer Papierdicke wurden 80 % bis 95 % der Farbe mit Ausnahme eines gelben Farbmittels entfernt. In den Bereichen mit maximaler Papierdicke wurden 10 % bis 30 % der Farbe ablatiert.Using a magnetic OVMI screen-printing ink from manufacturer SICPA, the area of a watermark on the front side was overprinted after a fluorescent ink layer had been printed. The paint dried out for several days. Subsequently, the color on the front side was ablated by means of a Nd: Yag laser from the rear side. In areas of low paper thickness, 80% to 95% of the color except a yellow colorant was removed. In areas of maximum paper thickness, 10% to 30% of the paint was ablated.
Die
Die oberen Zeilen der Fig. zeigen die Ansicht des Sicherheitselementes vor Aufbringen der Farbschichten 9 und 22. Die mittleren Zeilen zeigen die Ansichten nach Aufbringen der Farbschichten 9 und 22, jedoch vor der Modifikation durch die Strahlung. Die unteren Zeilen schließlich zeigen das fertiggestellte Sicherheitselement. Die linken Spalten zeigen die Ansichten, die sich bei normaler Draufsicht auf das Sicherheitselement ergeben. Die mittleren Spalten zeigen das jeweilige Durchsichtsbild und die rechten Spalten zeigen das Lumineszenzbild nach Anregung mit UV-Strahlung.The
The upper lines of the figure show the view of the security element before applying the color layers 9 and 22. The middle lines show the views after application of the color layers 9 and 22, but before the modification by the radiation. Finally, the bottom lines show the completed security element. The left columns show the views that result from normal top view of the security element. The middle columns show the respective see-through image and the right columns show the luminescence image after excitation with UV radiation.
Die in den
Stärker schraffierte Abschnitte sind also in der jeweiligen Ansicht dunkler als weniger dicht schraffierte Abschnitte.Stronger hatched sections are therefore darker in the respective view than less densely hatched sections.
In allen Bildern sind Umrisslinien entsprechender Elemente eingetragen. Dies erfolgte ausschließlich zur besseren Erkennbarkeit der Bilder. Tatsächlich sind in den Bildern keine separaten Umrissbegrenzungen zu sehen.Outlines of corresponding elements are entered in all pictures. This was done solely for better recognizability of the images. In fact, there are no separate outline boundaries in the images.
Gestrichelte Linien veranschaulichen einen Bereich, über den die bestimmte Strahlung aufgebracht wird. Sie sind in den Ansichten nicht zu sehen, sondern nur zur Verdeutlichung des Aufbringens der Laserstrahlung eingetragen.Dashed lines illustrate an area over which the particular radiation is applied. They are not visible in the views, but only entered to clarify the application of the laser radiation.
Zur vereinfachten Darstellung ist in den Ausführungsbeispielen ausschließlich eine s/w-Darstellung zu Grunde gelegtTo simplify the illustration, only one black-and-white representation is used in the exemplary embodiments
Bilder 26 bis 28 zeigen wiederum in Draufsicht (Bild 26), Durchsicht (Bild 27) und Fluoreszenzansicht (Bild 28) den Zustand des Sicherheitselementes nach dem Aufbringen eines Druckbildes 38. Das Druckelement weist ein metallisches silbernes Pigment auf, das ein remittierendes Farbmittel ist. Weiter hat das Druckelement eine Fluoreszenzfarbenschicht 22, die ein lumineszierendes Farbmittel aufweist und unter einer darüber liegenden Druckfarbenschicht, die das remittierende Farbmittel enthält, aufgebaut ist. Die Farbmittel können alternativ (nicht gezeigt) auch in einer gemeinsamen Farbschicht liegen.FIGS. 26 to 28 again show in plan view (FIG. 26), review (FIG. 27) and fluorescence view (FIG. 28) the state of the security element after application of a printed
Im Bild 26 hebt sich das Druckbild 38 schwarz vor der weißen Fläche 32 ab. Zusätzlich ist im Bild 26 noch ein bestrahlter Bereich 60 durch eine gestrichelte Linie markiert. Dies ist der Bereich, in dem nachfolgend Laserstrahlung aufgebracht werden wird. Im Bild 27 zeigt sich in Durchsicht zu diesem Fertigungsstadium das Wasserzeichen, bestehend aus dem stehenden Rechteck 36 und dem liegenden Rechteck 37, vor der grauen Fläche 33, überdeckt von einer schwarzen Ellipse 49, die durch das Druckbild 38 gebildet ist. In der Fluoreszenzansicht zeigt das Bild 28 vor einem schwarzen Hintergrund durch die schwarze Fläche 34, ein abgedunkeltes Fluoreszenzbild 39, das dadurch zustande kommt, dass die unten liegende Fluoreszenzfarbenschicht 22 von der darüber liegenden Druckfarbenschicht 9 abgedeckt ist und nur in sehr geringem Maße Fluoreszenzstrahlung an die Oberfläche dringt.In
Bilder 29 bis 31 zeigen Draufsicht-, Durchsicht- und Fluoreszenzbilder nach dem Aufbringen der Laserstrahlung im bestrahlten Bereich 60, wobei das Wasserzeichen als Intensitätsmaske verwendet wird, wie anhand der
Für die Ablation/Modifikation des Druckbildes 38 wirkt das Wasserzeichen, bestehend aus den Rechtecken 36 und 37, als Intensitätsmaske. Dadurch gelangt im Bereich des liegenden Rechteckes 37 eine maximale Strahlungsintensität auf das Druckbild 38 und im Bereich des Hintergrundes eine minimale Intensität. Im Bereich des stehenden Rechteckes 36 wird das Druckbild 38 mit einer mittleren Intensität, die zwischen den beiden Extremwerten liegt, beaufschlagt. Dies führt dazu, dass das Druckbild 48 in drei Bereiche strukturiert wird, die im perfekten Passer zum Wasserzeichen 5 liegen. Ein unveränderter Abschnitt 42 liegt in denjenigen Bereichen des Druckbildes 38, die das Wasserzeichen nicht überdecken, also von der Strahlung mit der minimalen Intensität beleuchtet werden. Ein grauer Abschnitt 40 liegt in den Bereichen des Druckbildes 38, welche das stehende Rechteck 36 überdecken. Ein heller Abschnitt 41 ist schließlich durch diejenigen Bereiche des Druckbildes 38 gebildet, welche das liegende Rechteck 37 überdecken. Diese Aufgliederung und Musterbildung des Druckbildes 38 ist im Bild 27, das die Aufsicht auf das fertigstrukturierte Sicherheitselement zeigt, klar erkennbar.For the ablation / modification of the printed
Im Durchsichtsbild 30 wirkt sich das strukturierte Druckelement 38 in Überlagerung mit der Intensitätsmodulation durch das Wasserzeichen, nämlich die Rechtecke 36 und 37, aus. Der unveränderte Abschnitt 42 des Aufsichtsbildes führt zu einem schwarzen Bereich 45 im Durchsichtsbild, da dort die Transluzenz des Sicherheitselementes durch die unveränderte Schichtstruktur des Druckbildes 38 weiterhin vollständig gemindert ist. In einem hellen Bereich 44, der dem hellen Abschnitt 41 entspricht, stellt sich eine Helligkeit des Durchsichtsbildes ein, die gegenüber der des liegenden Rechteckes 37 gemindert ist. Diese Minderung ist durch die geringe verbleibende Restdicke der im sichtbaren Bereich absorbierenden Schichtstruktur des Druckbildes 38 verursacht. Ein dunkler Bereich 43 ist entsprechend dem grauen Abschnitt 40 gebildet. Hier ist die Transluzenz gegenüber der des stehenden Rechtecks 36 gemindert, jedoch nicht so stark wie im schwarzen Bereich 45.In the
Bei der Ablation des Druckbildes 38 wird, wie bereits eingangs geschildert, ausschließlich das remittierende Farbmittel, nicht jedoch das lumineszierende Farbmittel abgetragen, entfernt, gemindert oder modifiziert. Somit ergibt sich im Fluoreszenzbild 31 eine abgedunkelte Region 48, deren Fluoreszenzintensität dem abgedunkelten Fluoreszenzbild 39 entspricht. Entsprechend der Wirkung auf das remittierende Farbmittel erhält man weiter eine helle Region 46 und eine dunkle Region 47, die in Lage und Ort dem grauen Abschnitt 40/dunklen Bereich 43 bzw. hellen Abschnitt 41/hellen Bereich 44 entsprechen.In the ablation of the
Im Durchsichtsbild 30 wird die rautenförmige Fläche in zwei Dreiecksteile 54, 55 aufgeteilt, da der Fleck 62 die beiden Rechtecke 36, 37, welche unterschiedlichen Transmissionen haben, überdeckt. Die beiden Dreiecksteile 54 und 55 haben jeweils im Durchsichtsbild die Helligkeit des dahinter liegenden stehenden Rechteckes 36 bzw. 37. Dies ist durch die Lage des Flecks 62 bestimmt. Bei einer anderen Lage des Flecks 62 ergibt sich eine andere oder keine Aufteilung im Durchsichtsbild.In the
Im Fluoreszenzbild schließlich zeigt sich ebenfalls eine rautenförmige Fläche 56 dort, wo die Fluoreszenzfarbenschicht 22 entfernt wurde In dieser rautenförmigen Fläche liegt die Fluoreszenzintensität des Hintergrundes, also eine schwarze Fläche vor.Finally, in the fluorescence image, a
Natürlich können die Weiterbildungen gemäß den
Die oben dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiele sehen ein zweistufiges Wasserzeichen mit den Rechtecken 36, 37 vor. Dies wurde aufgrund der Anschaulichkeit der Beschreibung so gewählt. Natürlich kann auch ein einstufiges Wasserzeichen und ein vielstufiges oder sogar ein die Opazität kontinuierlich variierendes Wasserzeichen verwendet werden. Die geschilderten Prinzipien gelten gleichermaßen.The exemplary embodiments presented above provide a two-level watermark with the
In den geschilderten Ausführungsbeispielen wurden einfache geometrische Figuren für die verwendeten Strukturen dargestellt. Dies ist natürlich rein exemplarisch zu verstehen. Es können auch komplexe geometrische Figuren oder Bilddarstellungen verwendet werden. Dies gilt selbstverständlich auch für die Weiterbildungen gemäß
Insbesondere kann die Erfindung auch durch folgende Ausführungsweise realisiert werden:
Das Druckmotiv wird mit mindestens einer Druckfarbe aufgebracht, die mindestens die folgenden Stoffe aufweist: Mittels Laser markierbare (IRA), vorzugsweise metallische Pigmente und unter UV-Strahlung sichtbar lumineszierende, im IR transparente Pigmente (vorzugsweise im Bereich 1000 nm bis 1100 nm). IR-transparente Pigmente und/oder Farbmittel können unter anderem auch enthalten sein. Dabei wird die Lumineszenzkraft der unter UV-Strahlung erregbaren Pigmente durch die z. B. metallischen Pigmente abgeschwächt.In particular, the invention can also be realized by the following embodiment:
The print motif is applied with at least one printing ink which has at least the following substances: Laser markable (IRA), preferably metallic pigments and UV-transparent, visibly luminescent, IR transparent pigments (preferably in the range 1000 nm to 1100 nm). IR transparent pigments and / or colorants may also be included, among others. In this case, the luminescence of excitable under UV radiation pigments by the z. B. weakened metallic pigments.
Das Druckmotiv wird zumindest teilweise über das Wasserzeichen gedruckt, vorzugsweise auf der Substratsiebseite (rauer als die Filzseite). Das Druckmotiv kann aus einer geschlossenen Fläche und/oder aus zusätzlichen Ornamenten bestehen und/oder gerastert sein.The print motif is at least partially printed over the watermark, preferably on the substrate screen side (rougher than the felt side). The print motif can consist of a closed surface and / or additional ornaments and / or be screened.
Es erfolgt eine Lasermarkierung von der entgegengesetzten Substratseite - durch das Substrat hindurch, wobei der Laserstrahl bedingt durch die modulierte Papierdicke bzw. Opazität in den dunkleren Bereichen des Wasserzeichens dementsprechend abgeschwächt wird.There is a laser marking from the opposite side of the substrate - through the substrate, whereby the laser beam is attenuated accordingly due to the modulated paper thickness or opacity in the darker areas of the watermark.
Der Laser ist so einzustellen, dass durch die volle Papierdicke (außerhalb vom Wasserzeichenbereich) vorzugsweise keine Markierung bzw. Ablation stattfindet. Gleichzeitig muss sichergestellt werden, dass der Kontrast im mit dem Laser durch die entgegengesetzte Substratseite übers Wasserzeichen modulierten Teilbereich so hoch wie möglich zu halten ist.The laser should be adjusted so that the full thickness of the paper (outside the watermark area) will not cause any marking or ablation. At the same time, it must be ensured that the contrast in the sub-region modulated by the laser through the opposite substrate side over the watermark is to be kept as high as possible.
Die mit dem Laser zu markierende Fläche ist so zu wählen, dass die Passertoleranzen zwischen Druck und Lasermarkierung eingehalten werden. Die Größe der Fläche ergibt sich aus der gewünschten Maschinengeschwindigkeit, darf aber in der Regel nicht kleiner als 1,5 cm2 sein.The area to be marked with the laser must be selected so that the tolerances between printing and laser marking are maintained. The size of the surface results from the desired machine speed, but may not be less than 1.5 cm 2 in the rule.
Entscheidend für den Effekt ist der Laserbetriebsmodus. Um eine modulierte Ablation IRA vorzugsweise metallischer Pigmente zu erzielen, ist der Pulsbetrieb zu wählen.Decisive for the effect is the laser operating mode. In order to achieve a modulated ablation of IRA, preferably metallic pigments, pulse operation should be selected.
Im Dauerstrichbetrieb wird nach hiesiger Auffassung das gesamte Pigment zerstört, wohingegen bei gepulstem Betrieb lediglich die optischen Eigenschaften eines metallischen Pigments aufgrund nicht linearer Effekte verändert werden, beispielsweise werden Bindungen aufgebrochen, so dass der Farbeffekt, der vom nicht modifizierten metallischen Pigment ausgeht, geändert wird bzw. ausbleibt. Folgende Laserparameter sind möglich: 10 W maximale Leistung im Dauerstrichbetrieb, 30 kHz bis 50 kHz Pulsfrequenz, 5 ns bis 50 ns, bevorzugt 8 ns bis 15 ns Pulslänge, 0,2 mm bis 0,8 mm Spotdurchmesser (je nach zu belichtender Fläche bzw. Maschinenlaufgeschwindigkeit), 100 W maximale Gesamtenergie (bei silbernen Pigmenten typischerweise 50 W).In continuous wave operation, the entire pigment is destroyed in the present case, whereas in pulsed operation only the optical properties of a metallic pigment are changed due to non-linear effects, for example, bonds are broken, so that the color effect emanating from the unmodified metallic pigment is changed or fails. The following laser parameters are possible: 10 W maximum power in continuous wave mode, 30 kHz to 50 kHz pulse frequency, 5 ns to 50 ns, preferably 8 ns to 15 ns pulse length, 0.2 mm to 0.8 mm spot diameter (depending on the area to be exposed or Machine speed), 100 W maximum total energy (typically 50 W for silver pigments).
Durch die modulierte Ablation IRA vorzugsweise metallischer Pigmente im Pulsbetrieb werden gleichzeitig die unter UV-Strahlung lumineszierenden Pigmente "freigelegt". Dadurch entsteht ein unter UV-Licht wahrnehmbares moduliertes lumineszierendes Motiv. Dies führt dazu, dass der durch den Laser markierte Teilbereich des Wasserzeichens unter UV-Strahlung als moduliertes Motiv sichtbar wird, wobei die nicht markierten Bereiche auch schwach lumineszieren und das Motiv ergänzen. Gleichzeitig ist dieses Motiv auch unter visuellem Licht als moduliertes Motiv erkennbar, das vorzugsweise einen metallischen Effekt aufweist. Dieses Motiv wird in der Durchsicht perfekt gepassert mit dem Wasserzeichen ergänzt.Due to the modulated ablation IRA, preferably metallic pigments in pulse mode, the pigments luminescent under UV radiation are simultaneously "exposed". This produces a modulated luminescent motif perceptible under UV light. As a result, the part of the watermark marked by the laser is visible under UV radiation as a modulated motif, the non-marked areas also luminescing weakly and complementing the motif. At the same time, this motif is also recognizable under visual light as a modulated motif, which preferably has a metallic effect. This motif is perfectly matched with the watermark in the review.
Für die Weiterbildung der
In der im Pulsbetrieb zu markierenden Fläche (Hauptmotiv) wird ein vorzugsweise alphanumerisches Motiv negativ ausgespart (erstes_Motiv, nicht markiert). Dies führt dazu, dass in diesem Bereich (erstes_Motiv) die Lumineszenzkraft der unter UV-Strahlung anregbaren Pigmente durch die nicht ablatierten metallischen Pigmente weiterhin abgeschwächt bleibt und somit das erste Motiv unter UV-Licht erkennbar bleibt. Gleichzeitig ist dieses erste Motiv auch unter visuellem Licht als alphanumerisches Motiv erkennbar, das den vollen metallischen Effekt aufweist. Dieses erste Motiv wird in der Durchsicht durch seine vergleichsweise höhere_Opazität sichtbar - erscheint dunkler als seine Umgebung.For the further education of
In the area to be marked in pulse mode (main motif), a preferably alphanumeric motif is left out negatively (first motif, not marked). As a result, in this region (first motif), the luminescence power of the pigments which can be excited under UV radiation continues to be weakened by the non-ablated metallic pigments and thus the first motif remains recognizable under UV light. At the same time, this first motif is also recognizable under visual light as an alphanumeric motif, which has the full metallic effect. This first motif becomes visible through the comparatively higher opacity - appears darker than its surroundings.
Für die Weiterbildung der
In der im Pulsbetrieb zu markierenden Fläche (Hauptmotiv) wird ein vorzugsweise alphanumerisches Motiv im cw-Betrieb markiert (zweites Motiv, cw-Lasermarkierung). Dies führt dazu, dass in diesem Bereich (zweites Motiv) nicht nur die metallischen Pigmente, sondern auch die unter UV-Strahlung lumineszierenden Pigmente ablatiert werden - somit ist das zweite Motiv unter UV-Licht als schwarzes bzw. dunkles Motiv (nicht leuchtend) erkennbar. Unter visuellem Licht in der Aufsicht bleibt das zweite Motiv unsichtbar. Im gekippten Zustand dagegen ist das zweite Motiv als latentes Motiv (kein Farbunterschied, nur Glanzdifferenz) zu erkennen. Dieses zweite Motiv wird in der Durchsicht nicht erkennbar, da sich dabei die Opazität der Farbe (im Pulsbetrieb gegenüber dem cw-Betrieb gelasert) nicht geändert hat.For the further education of
In the area to be marked in pulse mode (main motif), a preferably alphanumeric motif is marked in cw mode (second motif, cw laser marking). As a result, not only the metallic pigments but also the pigments luminescent under UV radiation are ablated in this region (second motif) - thus the second motif is recognizable under UV light as a black or dark motif (non-luminous) , Under visual light in the supervision, the second motif remains invisible. In the tilted state, on the other hand, the second motif can be recognized as a latent motif (no color difference, only gloss difference). This second motif is not visible in the review, since the opacity of the color (lasered in pulse mode compared to the cw mode) has not changed.
Generell ist die bestimmte Strahlung so zu wählen, dass im Substrat möglichst geringe oder keine Absorption der Strahlung auftritt, die zu einer Veränderung des Substrates führen würde. Hierzu sind sowohl Dauerstrich-Laser wie auch gepulst betriebene Laser möglich. Ein Beispiel für einen geeigneten Dauerstrich-Laser ist das Modell Innoslab, IS8I-E des Herstellers Edge-Wave GmbH, der ein Nd:YVO4-basierter Laser bei einer Wellenlänge von 1.064 nm ist. Er stellt im Dauerstrichbetrieb eine Leistung von 100 Watt bereit. Bei einer Scangeschwindigkeit von 2,5 m/s bis 5 m/s kann die Ablation einer rußbasierten Farbe vorgenommen werden.In general, the particular radiation is to be chosen so that the substrate as little or no absorption of the radiation occurs, which would lead to a change in the substrate. Both continuous wave lasers and pulsed lasers are possible for this purpose. An example of a suitable one Continuous wave laser is the model Innoslab, IS8I-E of the manufacturer Edge-Wave GmbH, which is a Nd: YVO 4 -based laser at a wavelength of 1,064 nm. It provides a power of 100 watts in continuous wave mode. At a scan speed of 2.5 m / s to 5 m / s, the ablation of a soot-based color can be performed.
Verwendet man als Druckfarbenschicht eine IR-modifizierbare Farbe, ergibt sich der Vorteil, dass eine Überprüfung des Passers von modifiziertem Druckbild und Wasserzeichen mittels Infrarotmessung und Ultraschallmessung maschinenbasiert möglich ist. Analoges gilt für die Verwendung eines im UV-Bereich lumineszierenden Farbmittels. Mittels kombinierter Lumineszenz- und Ultraschallmessung lässt sich die Passergenauigkeit und damit die Echtheit verifizieren.If an IR-modifiable color is used as the ink layer, there is the advantage that it is possible to machine-check the passport from the modified printed image and watermark by means of infrared measurement and ultrasound measurement. The same applies to the use of a luminescent in the UV range colorant. By means of combined luminescence and ultrasound measurement, the registration accuracy and thus the authenticity can be verified.
Durchlicht ist im Sinne dieser Erfindung, wenn eine Beleuchtung des Substrats von der Seite aus erfolgt, die dem Betrachter gegenüberliegt, d.h. die Beleuchtung durch das Substrat hindurch erfolgt. Auflicht ist im Sinne dieser Erfindung, wenn eine Beleuchtung des Substrats von der Seite des Betrachters aus erfolgt.Transmitted light in the sense of this invention is when the substrate is illuminated from the side opposite to the viewer, i. the illumination through the substrate takes place. Incident light is in the sense of this invention, when a lighting of the substrate from the side of the viewer is made.
Das Wasserzeichen kann ein mehrstufig moduliertes 3D-, ein zweistufiges Highlight- oder ein hochauflösendes Pixel-Wasserzeichen sein, welches die Opazität des Substrates durch Dickenvariation moduliert. Eine Kombination aus den verschiedenen Wasserzeichentypen ist auch möglich, vor allem für den Fall, dass das Hauptwasserzeichenmotiv ein Portrait ist, das nicht überdruckt werden darf.The watermark may be a multi-level modulated 3D, a two-level highlight, or a high resolution pixel watermark that modulates the opacity of the substrate by thickness variation. A combination of the different types of watermarks is also possible, especially if the main watermark motif is a portrait that can not be overprinted.
- 11
- Sicherheitselementsecurity element
- 22
- Substratsubstratum
- 33
- Vorderseitefront
- 44
- Rückseiteback
- 55
- Wasserzeichenwatermark
- 6, 7, 86, 7, 8
- BereichArea
- 99
- DruckfarbenschichtInk layer
- 1010
- Laserstrahllaser beam
- 10a, 10b10a, 10b
- Positionposition
- 1111
- WasserzeichenfarbeWatermark Color
- 1212
- TransluzenzerhöhungTransluzenzerhöhung
- 1313
- Beschichtungcoating
- 14, 15, 1614, 15, 16
- BereichArea
- 1717
- Fensterfadenwindow thread
- 18,1918.19
- BereichArea
- 20, 2120, 21
- Abschnittsection
- 2222
- FluoreszenzfarbenschichtFluorescent ink layer
- 23 - 3123 - 31
- Bildimage
- 3232
- weiße Flächewhite area
- 3333
- graue Flächegray area
- 3434
- schwarze Flächeblack area
- 3535
- Wasserzeichenwatermark
- 3636
- stehendes Rechteckstanding rectangle
- 3737
- liegendes Rechtecklying rectangle
- 3838
- Druckbildprint image
- 3939
- abgedunkeltes Fluoreszenzbilddarkened fluorescence image
- 4040
- grauer Abschnittgray section
- 4141
- heller Abschnittbright section
- 42, 5042, 50
- unveränderter Abschnittunchanged section
- 4343
- dunkler Bereichdark area
- 4444
- heller Bereichbright area
- 45, 5145, 51
- schwarzer Bereichblack area
- 4646
- helle Regionbright region
- 4747
- dunkle Regiondark region
- 48, 5248, 52
- abgedunkelte Regiondarkened region
- 4949
- schwarze Ellipseblack ellipse
- 53, 56, 5953, 56, 59
- rautenförmige Flächediamond-shaped surface
- 54, 55, 57, 5854, 55, 57, 58
- Dreiecksteiltriangular part
- 6060
- bestrahlter Bereichirradiated area
- 6161
- Aussparungrecess
- 6262
- Fleckspot
- 6363
- Druckaussparungpressure recess
- 6464
- Farbschichtcoat of paint
Claims (10)
- Method for producing a security element (1), wherein- a substrate (2) is provided, which has a front and a rear side (3, 4), is translucent at least for specific radiation (10), and comprises a watermark (5) which modulates the opacity of the substrate (2),- a print element (9), which at least partially covers the watermark (5) and contains at least one first and one second colourant, is applied to the front side (3), wherein the first colourant is ablatable by means of the first specific radiation (10), while the second one is not, and- the substrate (2) is irradiated from the rear side (4) with the specific radiation (10) and the first colourant is ablated by the specific radiation (10), wherein the watermark (5) is used as a mask for intensity attenuation of the specific radiation to modify the print element (9) in register with the watermark (5),characterized in that- the first colourant is a remitting colourant having a colour effect and is arranged in a first colour layer (9) and the second colourant is a luminescent colourant and is arranged in a second colour layer (22),- the first colour layer (9) covers the second colour layer (22), and- the second colourant is exposed at locations (46) by way of the first colourant being changed in terms of the colour effect by the first specific radiation (10) using the watermark (5) as a mask or being removed from the first colour layer (9).
- Method for producing a security element (1), wherein- a substrate (2) is provided, which has a front and a rear side (3, 4), is translucent at least for specific radiation (10), and comprises a watermark (5) which modulates the opacity of the substrate (2),- a print element (9), which at least partially covers the watermark (5) and contains at least one first and one second colourant, is applied to the front side (3), wherein the first colourant is ablatable by means of the first specific radiation (10), while the second one is not, and- the substrate (2) is irradiated from the rear side (4) with the specific radiation (10) and the first colourant is ablated by the specific radiation (10), wherein the watermark (5) is used as a mask for intensity attenuation of the specific radiation to modify the print element (9) in register with the watermark (5),characterized in that- the first colourant is a remitting colourant having a colour effect and the second colourant is a luminescent colourant,- the first colourant and the second colourant are arranged in a common colour layer (64), and- the second colourant is exposed at locations (46) by way of the first colourant being changed in terms of its colour effect by the first specific radiation (10) using the watermark (5) as a mask or being removed from the colour layer.
- Method according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the first specific radiation (10) is structured or modulated such that a first additional pattern (50) is omitted, in which the first colourant is not changed or removed.
- Method according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the second colourant is ablatable or changeable with respect to its colour effect using further radiation and the second colourant is ablated/changed in accordance with a second additional pattern at portions of the exposed locations by irradiation with the further radiation (22).
- Method according to Claim 4, characterized in that the specific radiation (10) is pulsed laser radiation and the further radiation is cw laser radiation, preferably of the same laser.
- Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the print element (9) is applied such that it has a cutout (56) in accordance with a third additional pattern over the watermark (5).
- Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the remitting colourant comprises metallic pigments, effect colour pigments or colour shift pigments.
- Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the luminescent second colourant comprises pigments which are transparent in the IR spectral range, preferably in the spectral range from 1000 nm to 1100 nm.
- Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first colourant is removed by being ablated.
- Method according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the print element comprises a coating, transfer film, lamination film, and/or a window thread.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102015005083.4A DE102015005083A1 (en) | 2015-04-21 | 2015-04-21 | Method for producing a security element with a register between printing element and watermark |
PCT/EP2016/000598 WO2016169640A1 (en) | 2015-04-21 | 2016-04-11 | Method for producing a security element with register between printed element and watermark |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3286010A1 EP3286010A1 (en) | 2018-02-28 |
EP3286010B1 true EP3286010B1 (en) | 2019-06-19 |
Family
ID=55754234
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP16716473.0A Active EP3286010B1 (en) | 2015-04-21 | 2016-04-11 | Method for producing a security element with register between printed element and watermark |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP3286010B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102015005083A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2016169640A1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2891766A1 (en) * | 2005-10-11 | 2007-04-13 | Gemplus Sa | METHOD FOR PRODUCING INFALSIFIABLE GRAPHIC PRINTING AND / OR CUSTOMIZATION ON A SUPPORT AND SUPPORT OBTAINED |
DE102008063471A1 (en) * | 2008-12-17 | 2010-07-01 | Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh | Security element with watermark |
DE102009056462A1 (en) | 2009-12-01 | 2011-06-09 | Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh | Look-safety feature |
DE102012003601A1 (en) | 2012-02-21 | 2013-08-22 | Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh | Printing process with Passer between print and watermark |
-
2015
- 2015-04-21 DE DE102015005083.4A patent/DE102015005083A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2016
- 2016-04-11 WO PCT/EP2016/000598 patent/WO2016169640A1/en unknown
- 2016-04-11 EP EP16716473.0A patent/EP3286010B1/en active Active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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None * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP3286010A1 (en) | 2018-02-28 |
DE102015005083A1 (en) | 2016-10-27 |
WO2016169640A1 (en) | 2016-10-27 |
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