DE102017010060A1 - Disk with embedded security element - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a data carrier (10), in particular a value or security document, having a semitransparent substrate (12) and a security element (20) embedded in the substrate (12) at least in embedding areas. According to the invention, it is provided that the security element (20) in the embedding areas is provided with raised tactile structures (30, 32) for forming a watermark visible in transmitted light, the thickness of the substrate material (40, 42) lying above the tactile structures and thus change the transmittance of the data carrier (10) locally.

Description

The invention relates to a data carrier, in particular a value or security document, having a semitransparent substrate and a security element embedded in the substrate at least in embedding areas.

Data carriers, such as banknotes, stocks, bonds, certificates, vouchers, checks, high-quality admission tickets, other forgery-prone papers, such as passports or other ID documents, but also ID cards or credit cards are often provided with security elements for the purpose of security, which is a check on the authenticity of the Data carrier allow and at the same time serve as protection against unauthorized reproduction.

For a long time, security threads embedded in the substrate have been used to secure value documents. A distinction is made between fully embedded security threads and window threads, which are only partially embedded in the substrate, so that they are visible on one or both opposite surfaces of the substrate in certain areas of the window. The security threads can contain as visually recognizable features, for example, diffractive structures, optically variable elements or a metallization with and without micro-writing by partial demetallization.

Counterfeit banknotes are increasingly well faked imitations of security threads, which are often difficult to distinguish from a non-original by a layman. Window filaments, micro-typefaces and tilting effects are also increasingly being imitated. There is therefore a need to additionally secure data carriers with partially or completely embedded security elements.

Proceeding from this, the object of the invention is to provide a data carrier of the type mentioned at the beginning with particularly high security against counterfeiting.

This object is solved by the features of the independent claims. Further developments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

According to the invention, it is provided in the case of a generic data carrier that the security element in the embedding areas is provided with raised tactile structures for forming a watermark visible in transmitted light, which locally change the thickness of the substrate material lying above the tactile structures and thus the transmittance of the data carrier.

The areas in which the security element is embedded in the interior of the data carrier are referred to as embedding areas, areas in which the security element emerges on a surface of the data carrier are referred to as window areas. The security element may for example be a patch, but in particular represents a security thread, in particular a completely embedded security thread, a window security thread, a pendulum security thread, a security band or a security strip.

The substrate is preferably a fiber-based substrate, for example a paper substrate, or a multilayer plastic-based substrate. In the case of a fiber-based substrate, the tactile structures change in particular the local fiber flow thickness, while in the case of a plastic-based substrate they locally influence the thickness of the laminated film. The height of a tactile structure determines how much substrate material is arranged over the tactile structure, ie a remaining substrate thickness (for example for fibers or plastic). The substrate is semitransparent, so in particular it is neither completely transparent nor completely opaque. The transmittance of the data carrier can be both increased and decreased locally by the tactile structures, in particular this can be achieved by selecting the type of tactile structures (eg semitransparent or transparent tactile structures).

For multilayer plastic substrates as semi-transparent substrates, such as may be used for an ID card, the substrate layers are preferably laminated. A foil strip with the tactile structures is laminated between the substrate layers. The melting temperature (or the melting temperature range) of the substrate layers, which are generally in the form of films, is advantageously lower than the melting temperature (or the melting temperature range) of the tactile structures or of the laminated film strip with the tactile structures. The tactile structures (and their film strips) are preferably not thermoplastically deformable. The tactile structures are preserved during lamination and displace the substrate material of the substrate layers.

As a transmittance T, as usual, the ratio of the intensity of the transmission I to the intensity of the radiation I ₀ can be considered (T = I / I ₀ ). The local varying transmittance of the data carrier depends on the transmittance of the tactile structure and the transmittance of the substrate over the tactile structure. The height of the tactile structure determines a thickness of the substrate over the tactile structure. The transmittance of the data carrier can thus be locally varied by the height of the tactile structures. The transmittance of the disk can be local as well are varied by tactile structures that differ in the absorption of the structural material. Simplified, a transmittance is indirectly proportional to the absorptive layer thickness, thus decreasing with increasing layer thickness of an absorbent material, and indirectly proportional to the material-specific absorption of the material. The structure material and the substrate material have different absorptions, in particular the absorption of the structural material of tactile structures is smaller, in particular at least smaller by a factor of two, more preferably at least by a factor of four, than the absorption of the substrate material. The transmittance is measured as an average over the range of the visual light. For example, a layer of transparent material has the transmittance 1 (intensity of the transmission = intensity of the irradiation), whereas an opaque layer has the transmittance 0.

The material of the tactile structure (structural material) is preferably transparent. In a preferred embodiment, the tactile structures include transparent tactile structures.

Alternatively or additionally, the tactile structures may include semi-transparent tactile structures. Likewise, the tactile structures may alternatively or additionally (to transparent and / or semi-transparent tactile structures) comprise opaque tactile structures.

The transparent tactile structures are not visible in the top view and produce bright watermark areas.

The semitransparent tactile structures produce bright, neutral, or dark watermark areas in review. Preferably, the semi-transparent tactile structures are not visible in supervision. In particular, white or substrate-colored semi-transparent tactile structures are not visible in supervision. Colored semitransparent tactile structures may be visible in top view, preferably in color with your colored color visible. The visibility in plan view can be adjusted accordingly, for example, via the parameters color intensity and / or thickness of the substrate layer lying above the tactile structures. In the present case, non-opaque structures are also regarded as semitransparent because of their structural height / layer thickness. The local brightness or darkness of a watermark region can be adjusted in particular via the height of the tactile structures and / or the absorption of the structural material. Preferably, the absorption of the structural material of the semi-transparent tactile structures is smaller, in particular at least smaller by a factor of two, more preferably at least by a factor of four, than the absorption of the substrate material. Alternatively (or additionally), the absorption of the structural material of the semitransparent (or second semitransparent) tactile structures may be greater than the absorption of the substrate material. Absorption of the (structural / substrate) material can be adjusted by the amount and type of added (light scattering) components, such as titanium dioxide.

In an advantageous development, the tactile structures additionally contain opaque tactile structures. In particular white or substrate-colored opaque tactile structures are not visible in supervision and produce transparent dark watermark areas. Colored opaque tactile structures are visible in reflected light, preferably in color, with their chromatic color visible, and produce dark watermark areas in the background.

In a further advantageous refinement, the tactile-colored or non-colored or visually-invisible visual supervision structures are combined with non-tactile, arranged structures. The immediately adjacent - ie adjusted - structures can be visible in UV light, in daylight and / or in IR light.

All mentioned tactile structures advantageously have a height of between 20 μm and 70 μm. The tactile structures may all have the same height, but it is preferred that the tactile structures are formed with two or more different height levels. The tactile structures may be registered directly adjacent, for example butt-to-joint, or spaced from each other.

The security element contains a carrier, in particular a foil carrier, on which the raised tactile structures are arranged. The carrier is advantageously at least semitransparent, in particular transparent, formed. The material of the carrier (carrier material) advantageously has an absorption which is either equal to the absorption of the substrate material or smaller, in particular smaller by a factor of 2, than the absorption of the substrate material. In embodiments, the support material is at least partially semitransparent in color (and otherwise transparent or otherwise semitransparent in different colors) or full-surface colored semitransparent. When viewed in supervision then (also) the color of the substrate is visible. When viewing a page without tactile structures, the color of the substrate is visible in the top view (in the correspondingly colored area). When viewing a page with tactile structures, the color of the substrate is visible in supervision, provided that there are no local or transparent tactile structures. If locally opaque or colored semi-transparent tactile structures are present, the color predetermined by the tactile structure appears there (and in the colored area otherwise the color of the carrier material).

The total thickness of the data carrier is (essentially) unchanged in the area of the tactile structures arranged in the embedding areas in comparison to the total thickness of the data carrier away from the tactile structures. Due to the essentially unchanged overall thickness, the tactile structures in the embedding areas can not be detected haptically.

In an advantageous embodiment, the security element has two opposing main surfaces, wherein tactile structures are provided on both main surfaces.

In a further embodiment, the tactile structures are provided on one of the two main surfaces and additional, non-tactile structures are provided on the other of the two main surfaces in the embedding region. The additional non-tactile structures are particularly visible under UV irradiation and / or IR radiation, possibly also under daylight. Preferably, the additional non-tactile structures are transparent or their structural material has at least one lower absorption compared to the substrate material. The non-tactile structures may be optically variable, comprise a multi-layer structure (such as a thin layer structure optionally with a three-layer structure with absorber, spacer layer and absorber), a micro or nano relief structure and / or different subregions and / or effect pigments, such as optically variable pigments, microcapsules, chromatically variable pigments (such as thermochromic or piezochrome), magnetically / electrostatically alignable pigments, mica or thin film pigments. The micro or nano relief structure is preferably an embossed structure. In particular, at least one diffractive structure, a coloring sub-wavelength structure and / or a lens structure may be present.

In one development of the invention, the security element is freely accessible in a window region of the data carrier, and is provided in the window region with haptically detectable tactile structures. The tactile structures of the window area are the same tactile structures as in the embedding areas, ie in particular transparent tactile structures, semi-transparent tactile structures and / or opaque tactile structures, preferably with a height of between 20 μm and 70 μm.

The exposed areas of the security element have in the window area with advantage a recess of the adhesive for fixing or anchoring of the security element with the substrate in order not to disturb the visual appearance and to avoid contamination of the security element in the window area.

In the window area, the security element can have further visual or machine-readable security features. Preferably, a plurality of partial areas with different and / or regionally varying security features, in particular from the features mentioned below, are contained on the security element in the window area. In particular, these security features can be matched to one another, matched to one another on a main surface, or present in register with one another on both main surfaces. The security features can be optically variable, a multi-layer structure (such as a thin-layer structure optionally as a three-layer structure with absorber, spacer layer and absorber), a micro or nanorelief structure and / or effect pigments, such as optically variable pigments, microcapsules, chromatically variable pigments (such as thermochromic or piezochrom ), magnetically / electrostatically alignable pigments, mica or thin film pigments. The micro or nano relief structure is preferably an embossed structure. In particular, at least one diffractive structure, a coloring sub-wavelength structure and / or a lens or mirror structure may be present.

The tactile structures may in particular form geometric shapes, logos, numbers, letters, barcodes or pixels of a gray scale representation. With particular advantage, the tactile structures represent a label individualizing the data carrier.

According to one embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the tactile structures have at least one additional authenticity feature in addition to the formation of the watermark, and in particular luminescence, IR absorption, electrical conductivity, magnetic properties, thermochromic, photochromic, magnetochromic, electrochromic or piezochrome properties.

The tactile structures advantageously form a motif that stands in a meaningful context with another motif arranged on the data carrier. In particular, the two motifs can represent related, complementary, or mutually explanatory parts of an overall motif. The further motive is advantageously an individualizing characteristic of the data carrier. For example, the tactile structures may form a serial number of a banknote, which is applied to a conventional digit machine as a further motif elsewhere on the banknote.

In particular, the tactile structures may be formed by additive processes, such as screen printing, gravure printing, ink jet printing or transfer processes, and / or by subtractive processes on previously applied layers, such as laser ablation, Etching or washing process can be generated. The tactile structures can advantageously be applied at least partially immediately before the introduction of the security element into the substrate.

In an advantageous embodiment, the visually recognizable tactile structures in reflection can also be seen in transmitted light and show an exact registration to the visually unrecognizable in reflection structures, with this Passerung only when looking at the data carrier in the security element in view.

In particular, the security element can be registered in order to be able to coordinate the design of the embedded and non-embedded areas.

In a variant that is particularly relevant for fiber-based substrates, such as paper, the embedding area is at least partially a compressed embedding area. A substrate may be fully compressed or partially, in particular only partially in the embedding area, mechanically compressed. In the present case, a compression, in particular a mechanical reduction in the thickness of the data carrier, is considered as compression. The locally varying transmittance of the data carrier is not changed by the compression or (in exceptional cases at best) not noticeably changed for the viewer. The compression can be effected in particular by intaglio printing, calendering and / or (hot or cold) embossing.

The not yet compressed data carrier has a constant overall thickness, at least in the embedding area, so that the tactile structures can not be detected haptically. In a first embodiment, the tactile structures are as compressible as the substrate. Alternatively, the tactile structures are deformable, for example, thermoplastically deformable. The tactile structures remain (in each case) haptically undetectable in the compressed embedding area.

In a preferred embodiment, stable tactile structures are more mechanically stable (less compressible and less deformable) than the substrate, in particular compressible and non-deformable due to compression. The stable tactile structures are haptically detectable in the compressed embedding area. The substrate is compressed in its thickness, for example by intaglio printing, by about 5% to 25%, while the stable tactile structures remain unchanged and thus can be detected haptically. The stable tactile structures have a height of at least 50 microns and 70 microns. In particular, haptically detectable low-pressure print features can be combined with the haptically detectable, stable tactile structures. Particularly preferably, all (transparent, semi-transparent and opaque) tactile structures are mechanically stable. In embodiments, first tactile structures may be stable and second tactile structures compressible (or deformable), preferably the transparent and / or semi-transparent tactile structures forming the first, stable tactile structures and the (further) semi-transparent tactile structures and / or opaque tactile structures form second tactile structures.

The security elements with a particularly transparent carrier and the tactile structures are first prepared and, preferably spaced from each other, wound onto a roll. In a separate process step, the security element are unwound from the roll and placed in the disk. In the wound state, the large number of superimposed tactile structures can lead to mechanical problems. Even the locally different thickness can be problematic in itself. Connected further problems are an unbalance when unwinding or an optionally different unwinding speed. A remedy can bring one with the security elements (as a foil or film strip) with wound up counter-foil (or foil strip). The counter-foil is removed immediately before the introduction of the security element, that is to say, for example, during unwinding from the roll. Preferably, the counter-film is reusable. In a first embodiment, the counter-foil or a corresponding partial layer of the counter-foil is so flexible, for example in the form of a foam layer, that it adapts to the tactile structure. In a second embodiment, the counter-foil is sufficiently rigid to effect height compensation as a bridge between the tactile structures. In a third embodiment, the counter-foil comprises support elements (arranged on the carrier layer of the counter-foil), which are preferably designed such that they have the height of the tactile structures and / or are each arranged between the tactile structures of two security elements. Combinations of the forms, such as rigid carrier layer with soft (flexible) support elements, are conceivable.

The data carrier is preferably a value document, such as banknote, share, bond, deed, coupon, check, high-quality admission ticket or another forgery-prone paper, such as passport or other identification document. The data carrier can also be present as a laminated multilayer structure, in particular as an ID card, payment or credit card.

Further embodiments and advantages of the invention are explained below with reference to the figures, in their representation of a scale and proportioned reproduction was omitted in order to increase the clarity.

• 1 eine schematische Darstellung eines erfindungsgemäß eingesetzten Sicherheitsfadens im Querschnitt,
• 2 den Sicherheitsfaden von 1, eingebettet in das Papiersubstrat einer Banknote,
• 3 die unterschiedliche Wirkung der taktilen Strukturen bei Betrachtung der Banknote der 2, in (a) im Auflicht (a) bzw. in (b) im Durchlicht mit teilweisem Auflicht,
• 4 in (a) und (b) das Erscheinungsbild zweier Designvarianten nach weiteren Ausführungsbeispielen der Erfindung im Durchlicht mit teilweisem Auflicht,
• 5 ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung, bei dem taktile Strukturen auf beiden gegenüberliegenden Hauptflächen eines in einen Datenträger eingebetteten Sicherheitselements vorgesehen sind, und
• 6 ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel, bei dem das eingebettete Sicherheitselement einen Fenstersicherheitsfaden darstellt.

Show it:

• 1 a schematic representation of a security thread used in the invention in cross section,
• 2 the security thread of 1 , embedded in the paper substrate of a banknote,
• 3 the different effect of the tactile structures when looking at the banknote of the 2 , in (a) in incident light (a) or in (b) in transmitted light with partial incident light,
• 4 in (a) and (b) the appearance of two design variants according to further embodiments of the invention in transmitted light with partial reflected light,
• 5 a further embodiment of the invention, in which tactile structures are provided on both opposite major surfaces of a security element embedded in a data carrier, and
• 6 another embodiment in which the embedded security element represents a window security thread.

The invention will now be explained using the example of security threads for banknotes. 1 shows a schematic representation of a security thread used in the invention 20 in cross-section and 2 shows the security thread 20 embedded in the paper substrate 12 a banknote 10 ,

The security thread 20 contains a transparent foil carrier 22 , For example, a 8 microns to 16 microns thick PET film, on its back with a thermally and / or pressure-activatable adhesive layer 24 is provided. On the front of the film carrier 22 are sublime tactile structures 30 . 32 and 34 formed, of which the tactile structures 30 and 32 in the manner described in more detail below form a visible in transmitted light watermark, while the tactile structures 34 a design element of the banknote that is also visible in supervision 10 represent.

The tactile structures 30 . 32 . 34 have a height H between 20 microns and 70 microns, for example, H = 50 microns on. By way of illustration, in the exemplary embodiment, all tactile structures have the same height, but it is also possible to provide tactile structures with a plurality of different height levels, for example to produce different brightness levels in the watermark.

The tactile structures 30 are designed as transparent tactile structures, while the tactile structures 32 semitransparent, white elements represent and the tactile structures 34 opaque and colored are formed. The tactile structures 32 could optionally also be opaque white, ie not colored.

After embedding the security thread 20 in the paper substrate 12 is the paper thickness in the areas 40 . 42 . 44 over the tactile structures 30 . 32 , 34 significantly reduced due to their height H and thus the transmittance of the banknote 10 locally changed. The transparent tactile structures 30 have only a negligible and thus significantly lower opacity than a correspondingly thick paper material of the paper substrate 12 and therefore lead to an overall increased transmittance or locally reduced opacity. The semitransparent white tactile structures 32 may have equal or usually even greater opacity (inverse transmittance) than a correspondingly thick paper substrate 12 and therefore typically lead to an overall reduced transmittance or locally increased opacity. The opaque tactile structures 34 make the disk locally opaque (or have a correspondingly higher opacity than the substrate). Are the tactile structures 34 colored opaque, they are recognizable even with their color.

3 illustrates the different effects of different tactile structures when looking at the banknote 10 in reflected light ( 3a ) or in transmitted light with partial incident light ( 3b ).

At the in 3 (a) The transparent tactile structures are shown in the incident light view 30 and the semitransparent white tactile structures 32 do not appear because they only affect the transmittance of the paper substrate 12 but not its reflectivity properties. Even opaque white (not colored) structures would only be visible in transmission. The opaque tactile structures 34 are in incident light with their (color) color, somewhat attenuated by the absorption of the paper material lying above the structures 44 recognizable.

When viewed in transmitted light with partial reflected light ( 3b ) appear from the transparent tactile structures 30 occupied areas brighter than the paper background because of the locally increased transmittance, while those of the semi-transparent tactile structures 32 occupied areas appear darker than the paper background because of the locally reduced transmittance there. The opaque tactile structures 34 are recognizable because of the amount of reflected light in this viewing situation with their color.

The tactile structures 30 . 32 form a watermark, which in the reflected light or transmitted light, at least very similar appearance as a papermachined watermark with Papierverjüngungen (lighter areas) and paper thickening (darker areas) shows. The opaque tactile structures 34 do not produce a true watermark effect, but can do so by the watermark structures 30 . 32 Record and complete displayed information or may represent independent design features.

The shape and arrangement of the tactile structures 30 . 32 . 34 is arbitrary, for example, they may form geometric shapes, logos, numbers, letters, barcodes, or the pixels of a grayscale watermark or halftone image representation. 4 shows in (a) and (b) the appearance of two design variants 50 . 52 in transmitted light with partial incident light. In the embodiment 50 of the 4 (a) form the transparent or semi-transparent tactile structures 30 . 32 a watermark in the form of the number sequence "12345678", wherein the numbers alternate by transparent tactile structures appearing bright in transmitted light 30 and semitransparent tactile structures appearing dark in transmitted light 32 are formed. The tactile structures 30 . 32 can be generated for example with two inkjet printers or two inkjet printheads, wherein an inkjet printer (head) the material of the transparent structures 30 and the other ink jet printer (head) the material of the semi-transparent tactile structures 32 on the film carrier applies.

The digit string "12345678" formed by the watermark is supplemented by a letter "B" which is formed by an opaque, colored tactile structure 34. The letter "B" is therefore visible both in incident and transmitted light.

As in the embodiment 52 of 4 (b) Illustrated, the different tactile structures 30 . 32 . 34 also complementary information, for example, complementary geometric 54 . 56 . 58 form and be adapted to each other. The ring pattern 54 and the square pattern 56 each consist of tactile structures 30 . 32 and are therefore pure watermarks, which are visible only in transmitted light, but not in reflected light. The ring pattern 58 also contains opaque tactile structures 34 , so that the opaque section is already visible in reflected light, the complete ring pattern 58 but only when viewed in transmitted light appears in appearance.

Such as in the 3a . 3b . 4 a and 4b are recognizable, the tactile structures 30 . 32 . 34 preferably each of the edge, which is indicated by a dashed line, the security thread 20 spaced apart. In easier manufacturable embodiments, the structures extend to the edge of the transparent carrier, so here the security thread 20 , On a film web which is later cut into several film strips, the tactile structures can be formed continuously, ie over several later film strips, possibly even from the film web edge to the film web edge. Structures without edge spacing can thus be created simultaneously for a plurality of film strips, for example by linearly applying the tactile structures over the entire width of a film web. After cutting the film web, the tactile structures are present on the film strip without edge separation.

Tactile structures 30 . 32 . 34 can also be on both opposite major surfaces 64 . 66 one in a disk 60 embedded security element 62 be provided, as in the embodiment of 5 illustrated. The colors and / or the information of the front 64 or back 66 provided opaque tactile structures 34 can be different. It is particularly interesting that the registration of the visible in reflection color of the tactile structures 34 to that through the tactile structures 30 . 32 formed watermarks on the front and the back of the substrate is shown, and that only the incident light color and / or information of the opaque tactile structures 34 is different.

6 shows a further embodiment of the invention, in which the embedded security element a window security thread 72 represents that on certain window areas 74 emerges on a surface of a banknote 70 and in intermediate embedding areas 76 is embedded inside the banknote.

The window security thread 72 Contains in the embedding area 76 tactile structures 30 . 32 , which form a watermark in the manner described above, but also contains in the window area 74 tactile structures 30 . 34 , which are haptically detectable for a user due to their height and therefore represent an additional authenticity protection.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

10

bill

12

paper substrate

20

security thread

22

film backing

24

adhesive layer

30

transparent tactile structures

32

semi-transparent, white tactile structures

34

opaque tactile structures

40, 42, 44

Areas above the tactile structures

50, 52

design variants

54, 56, 58

geometric figures

60

disk

62

security element

64.66

main areas

70

bill

72

Windowed security thread

74

panes

76

embedding areas

Claims (15)

Data carrier, in particular value or security document, having a semitransparent substrate and a security element embedded in the substrate at least in embedding areas, characterized in that the security element is provided with raised tactile structures in the embedding areas for the formation of a watermark visible in transmitted light locally change the substrate material lying above the tactile structures and thus the transmittance of the data carrier. Disk after Claim 1 , characterized in that the tactile structures include transparent tactile structures that are not visible in plan view and produce transparent watermark areas. Disk after Claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that the tactile structures include semi-transparent tactile structures that are not visible in plan view and produce neutral or dark watermark areas in phantom. Disk according to at least one of Claims 1 to 3 , characterized in that the tactile structures additionally contain opaque tactile structures that are visible in reflected light, preferably in color visible. Disk according to at least one of Claims 1 to 4 characterized in that the tactile structures include semi-transparent colored tactile structures that are colored in plan view and produce dark watermark areas in phantom. Disk according to at least one of Claims 1 to 5 , characterized in that the tactile structures have a height between 20 microns and 70 microns and are preferably formed with two or more different height levels. Disk according to at least one of Claims 1 to 6 , characterized in that the security element comprises a - preferably transparent - carrier, in particular a foil carrier, on which the tactile structures are arranged. Disk according to at least one of Claims 1 to 7 , characterized in that the total thickness of the data carrier in the region of the arranged in the embedding areas tactile structures is substantially unchanged. Disk according to at least one of Claims 1 to 8th , characterized in that the security element comprises two opposing major surfaces and tactile structures are provided on both major surfaces and / or on one major surface of the tactile structures and on the other major surface in the embedding additional non-tactile structures, which in particular under UV irradiation and / or IR radiation is visible. Disk according to at least one of Claims 1 to 9 , characterized in that the security element is freely accessible in a window region of the data carrier, and is provided in the window region with tactile detectable tactile structures. Disk according to at least one of Claims 1 to 10 , characterized in that the tactile structures form geometric shapes, logos, numbers, letters, barcodes or pixels of a gray scale representation, in particular that the tactile structures represent a label individualizing the data carrier. Disk according to at least one of Claims 1 to 11 , characterized in that the tactile structures in addition to the formation of the watermark have at least one additional authenticity feature. Disk according to at least one of Claims 1 to 12 , characterized in that the tactile structures form a motif that stands in a meaningful relationship with another motif arranged on the data carrier, in particular that the two motifs are related, complementary, or mutually explanatory motif parts of an overall motif. Disk according to at least one of Claims 1 to 13 , characterized in that the security element is a security thread, in particular a fully embedded security thread, a window security thread, a pendulum security thread, a security tape or a security strip. Disk according to at least one of Claims 1 to 14 , characterized in that the substrate is a fiber-based substrate, in particular a paper substrate, or a multilayer plastic-based substrate.

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