EP3168052A1 - Security element - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for producing a security element (100, 100 ', 100 ") for a security or value document comprises the following steps: providing (S1) a substrate (10), applying (S2) a substance (20, 20', 20") , 20 "', 41) on a first surface of the substrate (10) in such a way that a first motif (12) is visible when the substrate (10) is viewed from above, and applying (S3) a watermark ink (30, 30', 30 ") on the substrate (10) for producing a watermark (32) in the substrate (10) such that a second motif in the form of the watermark (32) can be seen when viewing the substrate (10). The substance (20, 20 ', 20 ", 20"', 41) and the watermark ink (30, 30 ', 30 ") are applied in register with each other at least in a partial area.

Description

The present invention relates to a method for producing a security element for a security or value document, for example for a banknote or the like, as well as a correspondingly produced security element and a security or value document with such a security element.

To increase the security against forgery of security or value documents, such as banknotes, watermarks are known. These are usually introduced in the production of the substrate from which the security element is manufactured. The substrate used is usually a fiber-based substrate, for example paper. A watermark is easily recognizable when looking through the security element, since in the region of the watermark the opacity of the substrate is modified compared to the environment, ie in the area of the watermark the light transmission is higher than in the surrounding area. Conventionally, a watermark is generated by means of a thickness reduction of the substrate. However, it is also possible to generate a watermark by means of a so-called watermark color, for example to print. The watermark ink may contain substrate-lubricating binder components such as glycerine which cause the substrate in the region in which the watermark ink has been applied and penetrate the substrate over the entire substrate thickness to have increased transparency compared to the surrounding area ,

Object of the present invention is to propose a security element and a method for producing such a security element, which comprises a watermark and which has an increased security against forgery compared to a watermark.

This object is achieved by a method, a security element and a security or value document with the features of the independent claims. Advantageous embodiments and further developments are specified in the dependent claims.

The invention is based on the basic idea of producing a watermark by means of a watermark color and registering precisely by means of a suitable substance to apply a further motif to the substrate, which can be seen in plan view. This further motif and a motif represented by the watermark can in combination produce an incident light / transmitted-light effect which, together with the registration accuracy, is easily recognizable and difficult to falsify.

• In einem ersten Schritt wird ein flächiges Substrat bereitgestellt. Vorzugsweise wird dabei ein faserbasiertes Substrat, zum Beispiel auf Basis von Holzcellulose, Baumwollcellulose, Kunststofffasern und/ oder Flachsfasern, verwendet. Entsprechende Substrate sind beispielsweise aus dem Banknotenbereich bekannt.

A preferred embodiment of a method for producing a security element for a security or value document comprises the following steps:

• In a first step, a planar substrate is provided. Preferably, a fiber-based substrate, for example based on wood cellulose, cotton cellulose, synthetic fibers and / or flax fibers, is used. Corresponding substrates are known for example from the banknote area.

In a second step, a substance is applied locally on a first surface of the substrate in such a way that, when the first surface of the substrate is viewed in plan view, a first motif formed by the substance becomes recognizable. In addition, in the region in which the substance is applied to the substrate, the opacity of the substrate, i.e., the substrate, increases. The first motif is also visible in transmitted light.

In a third step, a watermark color is locally applied to the substrate for producing a watermark in the substrate. The watermark color can also be applied to the first surface of the substrate. Alternatively, the application is carried out in register on the opposite surface or on both surfaces. The watermark color is applied in such a way that when the substrate is viewed in a transparent manner, that is to say when the substrate is viewed through transmitted light, a second motif in the form of the watermark is recognizable.

The substance and the watermark color are applied in register with each other, i. the arrangement of the substrate relative to the watermark color is exactly matched. The sequence of steps two and three can also be reversed. If a corresponding device allows it, steps two and three can also take place simultaneously. The registration accuracy can be limited to a subregion of the substance or the watermark color, for example an edge or line, or of the substrate. Furthermore, the watermark color or the substance can be used up in register exactly.

In the manner described, it becomes possible, when viewing the substrate in a view from the first surface, for the first motif generated by the substance to be in register with the second motif, ie the watermark, appears. The first motif and the second motif preferably each form a partial motif of an overall motif. In a plan view from the first surface only the first motif is recognizable, however, in a view from the first surface, the first motif in combination with the second motif can be seen, which are additionally arranged in register with each other.

The first and / or second motif could be, for example, value numbers, value names, pictorial motifs, in particular portrait, landmarks, alphanumeric motifs, graphic motifs, in particular design elements. For example, the portrait could be represented as a watermarked watermark and a surrounding landscape with the substance. The two motifs are preferably designed such that they complement each other visually in transmitted light.

Such a manufactured security element has the following advantages. On the one hand, it is easily recognizable, even to a layman. On the other hand, due to the requirements of the registration accuracy of the watermark to the substance, it is only necessary to use a lot of equipment, i. with very up-to-date and highly specialized printing machines that can be produced, which allow a registration-accurate multi-color printing and which in particular a counterfeiter usually are not available.

Preferably, the substance and the watermark color are each applied to the substrate by means of different application plants, for example by means of different inking units of a printing press. The substrate is due to the very high requirement for the registration accuracy of the substance relative to the watermark color, on one for the two application plants common impression cylinder of the corresponding machine.

According to a first preferred variant of the method, the watermark color is printed on the substrate for producing the watermark. It may be sufficient that the substrate is only printed on one side with the watermark ink, which then penetrates into the substrate and this penetrates completely preferably.

According to a preferred embodiment, the watermark color can be printed in register on both surfaces of the substrate. In this way, complete penetration of even a thick substrate can be achieved. The register retention, i. the two-sided register-accurate application of the watermark color, may be necessary to obtain a watermark, which provides a uniform appearance over the entire area of the watermark.

In principle, the watermark color can be printed by means of various printing methods. Usable printing methods are, for example, a screen printing method, a flexographic printing method, an offset printing method, a high-pressure method, a gravure printing method, an inkjet printing method or a laser printing method, in particular by means of liquid toner.

The watermark color may include a dye at least translucent in the visual spectrum. In this way, by means of the watermark color, in addition to providing a modification of the opacity in the region of the watermark, a color impression can be mediated. Such a color impression can increase the recognizability of the security element.

In this case, dyes and / or pigments can be used, which are visible in the visual spectrum. Alternatively or additionally, it is also possible to use dyes and / or pigments which are preferably excitable and / or recognizable only in the infrared spectrum or in the ultraviolet spectrum. For evaluating such dyes, irradiation in the corresponding spectral range can take place during the examination of the security element.

According to a preferred variant, the substance for forming the first motif in the form of a printing ink is printed on the substrate. Such an ink may in particular comprise colored organic pigments or dyes and / or inorganic pigments.

Such a printing ink can also be printed onto the substrate by means of various printing methods, for example by screen printing, by flexographic printing, by offset printing, by high-speed printing, by inkjet printing or by laser printing.

It is understood that, depending on the requirements and equipment of a device used to produce the security element either for applying the watermark ink and for applying the substance, such as a printing ink, each suitable printing method can be selected, depending for example on the nature of the motives and / or Type of ink used. In this respect, any combination of the printing methods described above is to be regarded as a possible embodiment.

In one embodiment, the substance is a dark, preferably black, ink. The dark, in particular black, printing ink causes a subsequently applied further layer, for example a further substance, to become visually visible only when viewed from above. The further layer is, for example, a transparent or translucent interference color based on mica, synthetic mica or liquid crystal. The registration accuracy is preferably controlled by the dark, preferably black, ink. In principle, the substance applied to the substrate and / or the further substance could be of similar design. Alternatively, at least one substance or the further substance may differ from the substance or the further substance.

In a further embodiment, the further layer is a transfer element based on a transparency hologram, a volume hologram or a transparent or translucent interference layer, which only comes into effect on the dark background. In both cases of the further layer, there is no visual disturbance of the supernatant on the dark layer when viewing the substrate, as the further layer is not or not substantially perceived in the transparent, thus complementing the visibility of the printed watermark visible or colored print not hindered.

In another embodiment, instead of a dark printing ink as a substance or additionally a reflective, preferably metallic, color is applied to the watermark color. This metallic ink is based z. As on aluminum flakes, gold bronze flakes, aluminum coated foil particles (eg Metallurefarbe Eckart), hologram flakes, etc.

The reflective layer can be coated by means of the or another transparent or translucent diffractive transfer element.

In one variant, instead of a transfer element in the region of the reflective layer, an embossed structure which can be detected, in particular haptically or tactually, is formed. The visual perception may differ from the haptic perception. The embossed structure can be applied, for example, by means of an embossing machine and / or in intaglio printing as blind embossing (not ink-conducting) so that an effect, for example an angle-dependent change of information, is easily recognizable only in an overlapping zone of the watermark color with the substance. The embossing structure outside the overlapping zone with the watermark color does not or only insignificantly disturbs the transparency of the registration situation of the reflective layer with respect to the printed watermark.

Alternatively to the use of a printing ink, the substance can also be applied in the form of a coating in the context of a cold or heat seal application. The coating can be applied, for example, as a metallic coating, in particular on a carrier substrate or as a film coating.

In a preferred variant, an activatable adhesive layer is applied as a substance in register with the watermark color. During and / or after the application of the coating, in particular as a film, the adhesive is activated in the adhesive layer. For example, the adhesive is activated by means of infrared (IR) radiation, ultraviolet (UV) radiation, hot air and / or magnetic induction. The coating, for example as a metallization on the carrier substrate, can be activated by the carrier Adhesive are transferred to the substrate, for example, according to a printed motif of the adhesive.

According to a preferred embodiment, such a coating comprises diffractive structures, that is, it can be present for example as a hologram or the like.

The applied substance is preferably recognizable especially in the visual spectrum. It is also possible to use a substance which is additionally detectable in the infrared spectrum and / or in the ultraviolet spectrum. In this way, additional options for checking the security element can be provided.

Furthermore, the substance can comprise machine-readable feature substances which further increase the security against forgery of the security element and simplify additional testing of the security element.

The substance may include, for example, magnetic feature substances, luminescent feature substances, electrically conductive feature substances and / or optically variable feature substances, for example piezochromic, thermochromic and / or photochromic feature substances.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the method, an additional substrate can be applied in the area of the watermark, ie at least partially overlapping to the watermark, on the surface opposite the first surface of the substrate, for example in the form of a further imprint. The additional substrate is at least translucent in the visual spectrum, preferably transparent, so as not to impair the transmitted-light effect which the watermark provides.

Furthermore, the additional substrate comprises a dye or a luminescent substance, which can provide a further optical effect when the security element is examined in transmitted light.

A security element according to the invention for a security or value document is produced by a method described above.

An inventive security or value document comprises such a security element.

Die Figuren 1A bis 1C

schematisch verschiedene bevorzugte Ausführungsformen eines erfindungsgemäßen Sicherheitselements;

Die Figuren 2A bis 2C

eine Ansicht der Sicherheitselemente aus den Figuren 1A bis 1C in Aufsicht;

Die Figuren 3A bis 3C

eine Ansicht der Sicherheitselemente der Figuren 1A bis 1C bei Durchlichtbetrachtung;

Figuren 4A bis 4H

Ausführungsformen von Sicherheitselementen, dargestellt im Querschnitt entlang der Linie IV-IV aus Figur 1A und

Figur 5

Schritte einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform eines Verfahrens zur Herstellung eines Sicherheitselements gemäß einer der Figuren 1A bis 1C.

The present invention will be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. Show:

Figures 1A to 1C

schematically various preferred embodiments of a security element according to the invention;

FIGS. 2A to 2C

a view of the security elements of Figures 1A to 1C in plan view;

FIGS. 3A to 3C

a view of the security elements of the FIGS. 1A to 1C with transmitted light observation;

FIGS. 4A to 4H

Embodiments of security elements, shown in cross section along the line IV-IV Figure 1A and

FIG. 5

Steps of a preferred embodiment of a method for producing a security element according to one of FIGS. 1A to 1C ,

In the FIGS. 1A to 1C In each case, a substrate 10 is shown, on which by means of a substance 20, a first motif 12, in the example shown, a circular ring portion has been applied. As shown, a circular ring section is to be understood as a combination of a circular section (or circular segment) and a circular ring. In the substrate 10, a watermark 32, 32 ', 32 "has also been produced using a watermark color 30, that is, an area 32, 32', 32" in which the opacity of the substrate 10 is modified compared to the surrounding area, ie has been lowered here. In this way, the security elements 100, 100 ', 100 "emerge.

It is essential in each case that the watermark ink 30 and the substance 20 have been applied in register with one another on the substrate 10, as described below with reference to FIGS FIGS. 3A to 3C described in more detail and in Fig. 4 is illustrated.

As a rule, a printing ink is used as the substance 20, which is printed on the substrate 10 with a suitable printing method for producing the first motif 12. Also, the watermark ink 30 may be printed by means of a printing process on one or both surfaces of the substrate 10 and thereafter penetrates the substrate 10 substantially completely.

The FIGS. 2A to 2C each show the security element 100,100 ', 100 "according to the FIGS. 1A to 1C as it appears to a viewer in supervision. In each case, only the first motif 12 can be seen, but not the watermark 32, 32 ', 32 ", because this appears only in transmitted light, but not in incident light.

For comparison, in the FIGS. 3A to 3C in each case the security element 100, 100 ', 100 "according to FIGS FIGS. 1A to 1C shown, as it appears to a viewer in transmitted light, that is in transmitted light viewing. Again he recognizes the first motif 12, also due to the usually higher opacity compared to the substrate, which is generated by the substance 20. In addition, however, it now also recognizes the watermark 32, 32 ', 32 "due to the increased light transmittance of the substrate 10 present in the region of the watermark 32, 32', 32".

Due to the fact that the substance 20, by means of which the first motif 12 has been produced, and the watermark ink 30, with which the watermark 32, 32 ', 32 "has been produced, are arranged in registration with one another, the security elements are considered 100, 100 ', 100 "according to FIGS. 1A to 1C in each case the impression that a first partial information represented by the first motif 12 with a second partial information represented by the watermark 32, 32 ', 32 "forms a total information which can be easily recognized by a viewer.

In FIG. 3A the total information consists of a circular ring. The annulus optically resets through a first annulus portion of the annulus provided by the first subject and through a second annulus portion provided by the second subject, ie, watermark 32, 32 ', 32 ", which is in the shape of a donut portion. directly or indirectly - reproduces, together. Only by the fact that the watermark color 30 and the substance 20 are applied in register with each other on the substrate 10, the effect of the overall information of a circular ring can be achieved in the manner shown. Even slight variations in register when applying the watermark color relative to the substance 20 destroy this effect or allow a forgery of the security element 100, 100 ', 100 "to be recognized in a simple manner.

Also in FIG. 3B the total information consists of a circular ring, wherein a first circular ring section 12 is also provided here by the first motif 12. In contrast to FIG. 3A Now, the second annulus section is provided only indirectly via the watermark 32 ', namely by a region within the watermark 32' in which the opacity has been left unchanged compared to the starting substrate 40.

Similarly, also according to FIG. 3C a circular ring is the total information, which is composed of two circular ring sections, the first circular ring section 12 being provided by the first motif 12 and the second circular ring section being provided by an area located within the watermark 32 ", recessed by the watermark 32". Compared to the security element FIG. 3B now is the first subject 12 within the watermark 32 ", ie within a range of increased light transmittance, and is therefore particularly well visible in transmitted light.

It is understood that the security against forgery of a security element 100, 100 ', 100 "according to the FIGS. 1A to 1C can be further increased by using suitable printing inks. In particular, it is possible to provide the printing inks with feature substances which are recognizable, for example, in the infrared and / or ultraviolet spectral range. Farther Alternatively or additionally, machine-readable feature substances of substance 20 may be added, for example electrically conductive, magnetic, or optically variable feature substances. Furthermore, alternatively or additionally printing inks with fluorescent and / or phosphorescent properties can be used.

Also, the watermark ink 30 may include dyes that become visible in the visual spectrum or in the adjacent spectral region, optionally after appropriate irradiation. In particular, the watermark ink 30 may include feature substances as discussed with regard to the inks.

FIG. 4A shows an example of a security element according to Figure 1A in a cross-sectional view taken along the line IV-IV Figure 1A , In this case, it can be seen in particular that the substance 20 as print layer is arranged exactly in register with the watermark ink 30 on the substrate 10. The watermark ink 30 has already penetrated into the substrate 10, this has completely penetrated and increased the light transmittance of the substrate 10 in the area concerned. It is understood that FIG. 4A merely shows a schematic cross-sectional view, wherein from the representation no information with regard to the dimension of the print layer 20 and the substrate thickness of the substrate 10 can be derived.

FIG. 4B shows by way of example a further embodiment of a security element according to the invention. On a flat substrate 10 is similar to FIG. 4A a watermark ink 30 applied, in particular printed. The watermark ink 30 has penetrated the substrate 10 and passes through the substrate 10 from a first, upper surface to a second, lower surface. Paßgenau to the watermark color 30 is a substance 20, for example a printing ink, applied to the substrate 10, in particular imprinted.

Another substance 41 at least partially covers the substance 20, preferably in a predetermined pattern. The further substance 41 is preferably arranged on the security element such that it at least partially overlaps the substance 20 and covers the substrate 10 and / or the watermark ink 30 at least in sections. In the present case, the further substance 41 is essentially transparent or translucent, so that when the security element is viewed in the see-through, the registration of the watermark color 30 with the substance is not hindered or only insignificantly impeded. The further substance 41 is preferably applied to the substrate or to the substance 20 by means of printing, in particular by means of a screen printing method, a flexographic printing method, an offset printing method, a high-pressure method, a gravure printing method, an inkjet printing method or a laser printing method.

The substance 20 and the further substance 41 are preferably formed visually in such a way that they contrast with one another. Preferably, the substance 20 has a dark color rendering, that is, the substance 20 has a high light absorption. In particular, in the case of a high light absorption in a spectrum which is visible to the human eye, the substance 20 visually appears dark to black to an observer, for example in the case of black printing ink. The further substance 41 preferably has an optical reproduction which is similar to that of the substrate, preferably equivalent.

The further substance 41 applied to the substance 20 may be in the form of a transparent or translucent interference color, preferably based on mica, synthetic mica or liquid crystal.

Due to the contrast formed by the substance 20, the further substance 41 is visible only in the region of the substance 20. Especially with a transparent base of the further substance 41, a registration of the further substance 41 to the watermark color 30 is ensured. The registration accuracy is controlled by the substance 20.

Alternatively or additionally, the combination of substance 20 and further substance 41 could be applied to the upper surface of the substrate and to the lower surface of the lower surface opposite to the upper surface, preferably aligned with each other. The substances 20 used as well as other substances 41 may be identical and / or different from one another.

Alternatively or additionally, a second substance 20 could be applied at a different position and / or position to the substance 20. The second substance 20 may be covered by a second further substance 41, which has similar optical properties to the further substance 41, but may also be different. Instead of applying two further substances 41, only one further substance 41 can be applied which covers the first and second substances 20. By way of example, a substantially transparent film and / or a substantially transparent print can be used here as further substance 41.

In the FIG. 4C a further embodiment of a security element according to the invention is shown. The security element of FIG. 4C is similar to that of FIG. 4A , In contrast to FIG. 4A For example, the substance 20 is applied to two surfaces or sides of the substrate 10 in register with the watermark ink 30, namely on an upper surface (upper side) of the substrate 10, shown as substance 20 'and a lower surface (lower surface) of the substrate 10, shown as a substance 20 "and substance 20"'. According to this embodiment, the substance 20 'on the upper side is the same in its planar position as that of the substance 20 "on the lower side (see dashed line)." Substituted to the substance 20 "on the underside of the substrate 10 but matched to the watermark color 30 on the underside of the substrate 10, the further substance 20 "'applied.

The substances 20 ', 20 "and 20"' may be the same or different from the material composition. For example, the substance 20 'is a red color and the substance 20 "is a blue ink, but the substance 20'" is again a red color. Furthermore, the substances 20 ', 20 ", 20" "may also contain different additional features for luminescence and / or phosphorescence, IR-absorbing and / or UV-absorbing substances and / or magnetizable substances.

As illustrated in connection with the substances 20 "and 20 '", in one embodiment, the position of the substance 20 on the top may vary to the position of the substance 20 "' on the underside of the substrate 10, with the two substances applied to the substrate 10 Furthermore, each of the substances 20 ', 20 ", 20"' is in the present case arranged at least section-wise matched to the watermark color 30.

The Figure 4D shows one to FIG. 4A similar security element. In comparison to FIG. 4A However, viewed from one side, the watermark ink 30 does not completely penetrate the substrate 10, but preferably has defined penetration depths. In the illustration according to Figure 4D In each case, a watermark color was applied from two sides of the substrate 10 such that the watermark color 30 'is formed from the upper side and the watermark color 30 "from the lower side in the substrate 10. Increased by the application of both sides of the respective watermark color 30' and 30" On the other hand, the transparency in this area is again. Shadings or visual gradations in the motif generated with the watermark color 30 can be generated on the basis of an overlap and the penetration depth of the watermark color 30.

From the example shown the Figure 4D It can be seen that the watermark ink 30 has been applied from two sides, at least in a partial area, to the substrate 10 with an exact fit, namely from the top side and from the bottom side. Corresponding to the penetration depth of the watermark ink 30, watermark color 30 'applied to the top surface and diffused into the substrate 10 and the watermark ink 30 "applied to the bottom and diffused into the substrate 10 may not be of the watermark color The watermark paints 30 'and / or 30 ", which are preferably not visible in the visible field, in a particular embodiment contain different additional features not visible to the human eye (VIS region), such as IR-absorbing substances or and luminescent substances. The watermark colors 30 'and 30 "may be the same or different from each other.

The Figure 4E shows a further embodiment of a security element according to the invention. The security element according to Figure 4E is similar to the security element FIG. 4A , The substrate 10 has in the region of the substance 20 and in the area of the watermark color 30 a so-called genuine or papermachine watermark 11. The true watermark 11 results from a thickness modulation and / or density modulation of the substrate 10. The visual and mechanical effects associated with the true Watermarks 11 are combined in review with the visual effects achieved with the substance 20 and the watermark color 30.

The real watermark 11 may have a uniform thickness reduction in the region of the security element in order to increase the overall transparency of the substrate 10 in this area. In another embodiment, the real watermark 11 has a modulated motif that complements the printed watermark motif. For example, the printed watermark shows a contour of the motif (e.g., fish) and the true watermark a wave structure (e.g., water). The substance 20 is adapted and preferably formed in addition to the motif of the printed watermark 30. The real watermark 11 is preferably neither adapted to the substance 20 nor to the printed watermark or to the watermark color 30.

In a further embodiment, the printed watermark includes a modulated line grid, which reveals a moire image in phantom with a line raster of the true watermark.

Instead of the real watermark 11, the substrate at this point may also have a mechanical paper removal performed in papermaking (for example by means of a CO2 laser.

In the FIG. 4F a further embodiment of the security element according to the invention is shown. The illustrated security element is similar to the security element FIG. 4B However, the further substance 41 is not applied over the substance 20, but offset from the substance 20 and arranged on the substance 20 of the opposite side of the substrate 10. In the present case, the further substance 20 covers the area of the watermark color 30. Compared to the further substance 41 FIG. 4B in which the further substance 41 is preferably substantially transparent, the present further substance 41 is any opacity conceivable. In particular, an opaque color layer would be possible as further substance 41. In the positioning of the further substance 41 to the watermark ink 30, a registration of the substance 20 to the watermark ink 30 is not hindered, since in viewing the substance 20 and a portion of the watermark ink 30, which essentially indicates the passers situation, is not hindered or disturbed. The further substance 41 is therefore not restricted. In the execution according to FIG. 4B In particular, an opaque further substance 41 would disturb the registration of the substance 20 to the watermark color 30.

In the FIG. 4G the security element is shown when looking at the first upper surface (top). With exclusive supervision, the substrate 10 and the area 20 printed with the substance 20 can be seen. When only looking at the upper surface of the security element, only the watermark color 30, and preferably translucent, is the overlapping region of the further substance 41 with the watermark color 30 recognizable. The area in which the further substance 41 overlaps with the substrate 10 without watermark color 30 only appears to the observer as a substrate 10 when viewing the upper surface. The observer would therefore only see the motif formed by the watermark color 30 with translucent further substance 41 detect.

In a combination of supervision and review, i. Transmitted light combined with ambient light, the viewer would the substrate 10, the substance 20, the motif of the watermark ink 30, at least not covered by the further substance 41, and the further substance 41, so far in overlap with the watermark color 30 recognize. The further substance 41 without combination with the watermark color 30 would be covered by the substrate 10.

The FIG. 4H shows the security element from the Figures 4F and 4G looking at the second, lower surface (underside). In exclusively incident light or supervision, only the substrate 10 and the further substance 41 are visible to the viewer. On an exclusive review, the viewer recognizes the motif of the watermark color 30 without the overlap area with the further substance 41, and translucently the overlap area of watermark color 30 and further substance 41.

In a combination of supervision and review, the viewer recognizes both the motif of the watermark color 30 and the further substance 41.

From the Figures 4B . 4F, 4G and 4H It can be clearly seen that using a combination of the substance 20, the watermark ink 30 and further substance 41, different register-accurate optical effects are achieved can, with motifs of the applied substance 20, watermark color 30 and further substance 41 can expand or supplement to other holistic motives. A fake can be detected quickly and safely.

Even if in the FIGS. 4A to 4H Different embodiments of a security element are shown, it is obvious for a person skilled in the art to make combinations of at least partial features of the embodiments. Rather, the embodiments shown are merely exemplary possibilities. The substance 20, further substance 41 and watermark ink 30 are preferably applied to the substrate 10 in register and / or at the same time.

In FIG. 5 are steps of a preferred embodiment of a method for producing a security element 100, 100 ', 100 "described above.

In step S1, a suitable substrate, for example a fiber-based substrate 10 based on wood cellulose, cotton cellulose, plastic fibers and / or flax fibers, is provided.

In step S2, a substance 20 for generating a first motif 12 recognizable in supervision is applied to the substrate 10. In particular, as the substance 20, a suitable printing ink can be printed on the substrate 10.

In register with the substance 20, in a further step, a watermark ink 30 is applied to the substrate 10 to thereby produce a watermark 32 in the substrate, which is the second subject in transmitted light recognizable to a viewer. Also, the watermark ink 30 may be printed on the substrate 10.

In this case, the substance 20 and the watermark ink 30 are preferably applied to the substrate 10 by means of various application devices, for example by means of two inking units of a correspondingly configured printing press. In this case, the substrate 10 rests on a counter-pressure cylinder common to the two application units in order to achieve the required high register accuracy between substance 20 and watermark ink 30.

1. 1. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Sicherheitselements für ein Sicherheits- oder Wertdokument, umfassend die Schritte:
   • Bereitstellen eines flächigen Substrats;
   • lokales Aufbringen einer Substanz auf einer ersten Oberfläche des Substrats derart, dass bei Betrachtung der ersten Oberfläche des Substrats in Aufsicht ein durch die Substanz gebildetes erstes Motiv erkennbar wird,
   • lokales Aufbringen einer Wasserzeichenfarbe auf das Substrat zum Herstellen eines Wasserzeichens in dem Substrat derart, dass bei Betrachtung des Substrats in Durchsicht ein zweites Motiv in Form des Wasserzeichens erkennbar wird,
   dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Substanz und die Wasserzeichenfarbe passergenau zueinander aufgebracht werden, so dass bei Betrachtung des Substrats in Durchsicht von der ersten Oberfläche her das erste Motiv passergenau zu dem zweiten Motiv erscheint, also z.B. als erstes und zweites Teilmotiv eines Gesamtmotivs.
2. 2. Verfahren nach Abschnitt 1, wobei die Substanz und die Wasserzeichenfarbe mittels zweier verschiedener Applikationswerke aufgebracht werden, wobei das Substrat dabei auf einem für die beiden Applikationswerke gemeinsamen Gegendruckzylinder anliegt. Dabei kann das Substrat über den Gegendruckzylinder geführt werden. Die Applikationswerke sind entsprechend an bzw. um den Gegendruckzylinder angeordnet. Der Gegendruckzylinder dient zur Führung des Substrats an die Applikationswerke. Der Gegendruckzylinder ist vorzugsweise in einem Druckwerk rotationsfähig angeordnet. Ein Applikationswerk kann beispielsweise ein Übertragungszylinder einer Offsetdruckmaschine sein. Das Applikationswerk beispielsweise in Form des Übertragungszylinders und/ oder einer Druckwalze, beispielsweise für Tiefdruck oder Hochdruck, wird synchron zur Bewegung des Substrats an das Substrat geführt. Der Gegendruckzylinder dient zum Beispiel als mechanisches Gegenlager für wenigstens eines der Applikationswerke und/ oder zur positionierten Lagerung und Führung des Substrats relativ zu wenigstens einem der Applikationswerke.
3. 3. Verfahren nach Abschnitt 1 oder 2, wobei die Substanz auf einer ersten Seite des Substrats und die Wasserzeichenfarbe auf einer zweiten Seite des Substrats aufgebracht werden. In einer Ausführungsform sind die erste Seite und die zweite Seite gegenüberliegend am Substrat angeordnet.
4. 4. Verfahren gemäß einem der Abschnitte 1 bis 3, wobei vorzugsweise die Wasserzeichenfarbe und das Substrats zeitgleich aufgebracht werden. Das zeitgleiche Aufbringen kann beispielsweise anhand einer Supersimultandruckmaschine erreicht werden. Es kann eine sehr gute Passersituation bezüglich der Position der Wasserzeichenfarbe relativ zur Position der Substanz erreicht werden. Beispielsweise bei zeitgleichem Aufbringen bzw. Aufdrucken der Wasserzeichenfarbe und der Substanz gemäß Abschnitt 3, d.h. dass die Substanz auf die erste Seite aufgebracht wird und zeitglich die Wasserzeichenfarbe auf die zweite Seite des Substrats aufgebracht wird, kann eine besonders gute Passersituation bezüglich der ersten zur zweiten Seite, beispielsweise Vorder- zu Rückseite, erzielt werden. Insbesondere ist ein besonders gute Abgleich der Position der Wasserzeichenfarbe relativ zur Substanz möglich.
5. 5. Verfahren nach einem der Abschnitte 1 bis 4, wobei die Wasserzeichenfarbe zum Herstellen des Wasserzeichens, insbesondere auf eine Oberfläche des Substrats, aufgedruckt wird.
6. 6. Verfahren einem Abschnitte 1 bis 5, wobei die Substanz auf eine Oberfläche des Substrats aufgedruckt wird.
7. 7. Verfahren nach einem der Abschnitte 1 oder 2, wobei die Wasserzeichenfarbe auf die erste Oberfläche des Substrats aufgedruckt wird.
8. 8. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Abschnitte, wobei die Wasserzeichenfarbe vorzugsweise registerhaltig auf beide Oberflächen des Substrats aufgebracht wird.
9. 9. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Abschnitte, wobei die Wasserzeichenfarbe im Siebdruckverfahren aufgebracht wird.
10. 10. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Abschnitte 1 bis 8, wobei die Wasserzeichenfarbe im Tief- oder Flexodruckverfahren aufgebracht wird.
11. 11. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Abschnitte 1 bis 8, wobei die Wasserzeichenfarbe im Offsetdruckverfahren aufgebracht wird.
12. 12. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Abschnitte, wobei die Wasserzeichenfarbe im Hochdruckverfahren aufgebracht wird.
13. 13. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Abschnitte, wobei die Wasserzeichenfarbe im Inkjet-Druckverfahren aufgebracht wird.
14. 14. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Abschnitte, wobei die Wasserzeichenfarbe im Laserdruckverfahren aufgebracht wird.
15. 15. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Abschnitte, wobei die Wasserzeichenfarbe zumindest einen im visuellen Spektrum zumindest transluzenten Farbstoff und/ oder zumindest ein im visuellen Spektrum zumindest transluzentes Pigmentumfasst.
16. 16. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Abschnitte, wobei die Wasserzeichenfarbe zumindest einen Farbstoff und/ oder zumindest ein Pigment umfasst, das im visuellen Spektrum erkennbar ist.
17. 17. Verfahren nach einem der Abschnitte 1 bis 16, wobei die Wasserzeichenfarbe zumindest einen Farbstoff und/ oder zumindest ein Pigment umfasst, wobei der Farbstoff bzw. das Pigment im infraroten Spektrum erkennbar ist.
18. 18. Verfahren nach einem der Abschnitte 1 bis 17, wobei die Wasserzeichenfarbe zumindest einen Farbstoff und/ oder zumindest ein Pigment umfasst, wobei der Farbstoff bzw. das Pigment im ultravioletten Spektrum erkennbar ist. Das heißt, die Wasserzeichenfarbe bzw. das Pigment kann zur Emission von Licht im ultravioletten Spektrum angeregt werden.
19. 19. Verfahren nach einem der Abschnitte 1 bis 18, wobei die Wasserzeichenfarbe einen Farbstoff bzw. ein Pigment umfasst, der/ das eine elektromagnetische Strahlung, insbesondere Licht, in einem bestimmten Spektrum absorbiert. Insbesondere kann vorgesehen sein, dass der Farbstoff bzw. das Pigment bestimmte Farbanteile, beispielsweise blau, einen ultravioletten Anteil und/ oder einen infraroten Anteil auftreffenden Lichts absorbiert.
20. 20. Verfahren nach einem der Abschnitte 1 bis 19, wobei die Substanz in Form einer Druckfarbe, insbesondere auf eine Oberfläche des Substrats, aufgebracht, vorzugsweise aufgedruckt, wird.
21. 21. Verfahren nach Abschnitt 20, wobei die Druckfarbe im Siebdruckverfahren aufgebracht wird.
22. 22. Verfahren nach Abschnitt 20, wobei die Druckfarbe im Tief- oder Flexodruckverfahren aufgebracht wird.
23. 23. Verfahren nach Abschnitt 20, wobei die Druckfarbe im Offsetdruckverfahren aufgebracht wird.
24. 24. Verfahren nach Abschnitt 20, wobei die Druckfarbe im Hochdruckverfahren aufgebracht wird.
25. 25. Verfahren nach Abschnitt 20, wobei die Druckfarbe im Inkjet-Druckverfahren aufgebracht wird.
26. 26. Verfahren nach Abschnitt 20, wobei die Druckfarbe im Laserdruckverfahren aufgebracht wird.
27. 27. Verfahren nach einem der Abschnitte 1 bis 20, wobei die Substanz in Form einer Beschichtung, insbesondere im Rahmen einer Kalt- oder Heißsiegelapplikation, aufgebracht wird.
28. 28. Verfahren nach Abschnitt 27, wobei die Beschichtung als metallische Beschichtung aufgebracht wird.
29. 29. Verfahren nach einem der Abschnitt 27 oder 28, wobei die Beschichtung als Folienbeschichtung aufgebracht wird.
30. 30. Verfahren nach einem der Abschnitt 27 bis 29, wobei die Beschichtung diffraktive Strukturen umfasst.
31. 31. Verfahren nach einem der Abschnitt 1 bis 30, wobei die aufgebrachte Substanz im visuellen Spektrum erkennbar ist. In einer Ausführungsform kann die Substanz entsprechend zumindest einen im visuellen Spektrum zumindest transluzenten Farbstoff und/ oder zumindest ein im visuellen Spektrum zumindest transluzentes Pigment umfassen. In einer Ausführungsform kann die Substanz zumindest einen Farbstoff und/ oder zumindest ein Pigment umfassen, das im visuellen Spektrum erkennbar ist.
32. 32. Verfahren nach einem der Abschnitte 1 bis 31, wobei die aufgebrachte Substanz im infraroten Spektrum erkennbar ist. Die Substanz kann zumindest einen Farbstoff und/ oder zumindest ein Pigment umfassen, wobei der Farbstoff bzw. das Pigment im infraroten Spektrum erkennbar ist
33. 33. Verfahren nach einen der Absätze 1 bis 32, wobei die aufgebrachte Substanz im ultravioletten Spektrum erkennbar ist. Die Substanz kann zumindest einen Farbstoff und/ oder zumindest ein Pigment umfassen, wobei der Farbstoff bzw. das Pigment im ultravioletten Spektrum erkennbar ist. Das heißt, die Wasserzeichenfarbe bzw. das Pigment kann zur Emission von Licht im ultravioletten Spektrum angeregt werden.
34. 34. Verfahren nach einem der Abschnitte 1 bis 33, wobei die Substanz einen Farbstoff bzw. ein Pigment umfasst, der/ das eine elektromagnetische Strahlung, insbesondere Licht, in einem bestimmten Spektrum absorbiert. Insbesondere kann vorgesehen sein, dass der Farbstoff bzw. das Pigment bestimmte Farbanteile, beispielsweise blau, einen ultravioletten Anteil und/ oder einen infraroten Anteil auftreffenden Lichts absorbiert.
35. 35. Verfahren nach einem der Abschnitte 1 bis 34, wobei die Substanz und/ oder die Wasserzeichenfarbe maschinell lesbare Merkmalsstoffe umfasst.
36. 36. Verfahren nach einem der Abschnitte 1 bis 35, wobei die Substanz und/ oder die Wasserzeichenfarbe magnetische Merkmalsstoffe umfasst.
37. 37. Verfahren nach einem der Abschnitte 1 bis 36, wobei die Substanz und/ oder die Wasserzeichenfarbe lumineszierende Merkmalsstoffe umfasst.
38. 38. Verfahren nach einem der Abschnitte 1 bis 37, wobei die Substanz und/ oder die Wasserzeichenfarbe elektrisch leitfähige Merkmalsstoffe umfasst.
39. 39. Verfahren nach einem der Abschnitte 1 bis 38, wobei die Substanz und/ oder die Wasserzeichenfarbe optisch variable Merkmalsstoffe umfasst.
40. 40. Verfahren nach einem der Abschnitte 1 bis 39, wobei die Substanz und/ oder die Wasserzeichenfarbe piezochrome Merkmalsstoffe umfasst.
41. 41. Verfahren nach einem der Abschnitte 1 bis 40, wobei die Substanz und/ oder die Wasserzeichenfarbe thermochrome Merkmalsstoffe umfasst.
42. 42. Verfahren nach einem der Abschnitte 1 bis 41, wobei die Substanz und/ oder die Wasserzeichenfarbe photochrome Merkmalsstoffe umfasst.
43. 43. Verfahren nach einem der Abschnitte 1 bis 42, wobei als Substrat ein faserbasiertes Substrat, z.B. auf Basis von Holzcellulose, Baumwollcellulose Kunststofffasern und/oder Flachsfasern, bereitgestellt wird.
44. 44. Verfahren nach einem der Abschnitte 1 bis 43, wobei auf das Substrat zumindest teilweise im Bereich des Wasserzeichens auf der der ersten Oberfläche gegenüberliegenden Oberfläche ein Zusatzsubstrat aufgebracht wird, welches im visuellen Spektrum zumindest transluzent ist und einen Farbstoff oder einen Lumineszenzstoff umfasst.
45. 45. Sicherheitselement für ein Sicherheits- oder Wertdokument, hergestellt mit einem Verfahren gemäß den Merkmalen nach einem der Abschnitte 1 bis 44.
46. 46. Sicherheits- oder Wertdokument mit einem Sicherheitselement nach Abschnitt 45.

In the following numbered paragraphs, finally preferred embodiments of the present invention are given:

1. A method of making a security element for a security or value document comprising the steps of:
   • Providing a planar substrate;
   • locally applying a substance to a first surface of the substrate in such a way that, when the first surface of the substrate is viewed in plan view, a first motif formed by the substance becomes recognizable,
   • locally applying a watermark color to the substrate to produce a watermark in the substrate such that upon viewing the substrate in phantom, a second motif in the form of the watermark becomes visible;
   characterized in that the substance and the watermark color are applied in register with each other, so that when looking at the substrate in view from the first surface forth the first motif passer exactly to the second motif appears, so for example as a first and second part of an overall motif.
2. 2. Method according to Section 1, wherein the substance and the watermark color are applied by means of two different application plants, wherein the substrate rests on a common for the two application plants impression cylinder. In this case, the substrate can be guided over the impression cylinder. The application works are arranged on or around the counter-pressure cylinder accordingly. The impression cylinder serves to guide the substrate to the application plants. The impression cylinder is preferably arranged rotatably in a printing unit. An application plant can be for example a transfer cylinder of an offset printing press. The application work, for example in the form of the transfer cylinder and / or a pressure roller, for example for gravure or high pressure, is guided synchronously with the movement of the substrate to the substrate. The counter-pressure cylinder serves, for example, as a mechanical abutment for at least one of the application plants and / or for the positioned storage and guidance of the substrate relative to at least one of the application plants.
3. 3. The method of clause 1 or 2, wherein the substance is applied to a first side of the substrate and the watermark ink is applied to a second side of the substrate. In one embodiment, the first side and the second side are disposed opposite to the substrate.
4. 4. The method according to any one of sections 1 to 3, wherein preferably the watermark ink and the substrate are applied simultaneously. The simultaneous application can be achieved for example by means of a supersimultaneous printing machine. It can be achieved a very good passport situation with respect to the position of the watermark color relative to the position of the substance. For example, at the same time applying or Printing the watermark ink and the substance according to section 3, ie that the substance is applied to the first side and the watermark ink is applied to the second side of the substrate at the same time, can be a particularly good registration situation with regard to the first to the second side, for example front to back , be achieved. In particular, a particularly good balance of the position of the watermark color relative to the substance is possible.
5. 5. The method according to any one of sections 1 to 4, wherein the watermark ink for producing the watermark, in particular on a surface of the substrate, is printed.
6. 6. The method of Sections 1 to 5, wherein the substance is printed on a surface of the substrate.
7. 7. The method of any one of sections 1 or 2, wherein the watermark ink is printed on the first surface of the substrate.
8. 8. The method according to one of the preceding sections, wherein the watermark ink is preferably applied in register to both surfaces of the substrate.
9. 9. The method according to any one of the preceding sections, wherein the watermark color is applied by screen printing.
10. 10. The method according to any one of the preceding sections 1 to 8, wherein the watermark color is applied by gravure or flexographic printing.
11. 11. The method according to any one of the preceding sections 1 to 8, wherein the watermark color is applied in the offset printing process.
12. 12. The method according to any one of the preceding sections, wherein the watermark color is applied in a high-pressure process.
13. 13. The method according to any one of the preceding sections, wherein the watermark ink is applied in the inkjet printing process.
14. 14. The method according to any one of the preceding sections, wherein the watermark color is applied in the laser printing process.
15. 15. Method according to one of the preceding sections, wherein the watermark color comprises at least one dye which is at least translucent in the visual spectrum and / or at least one pigment which is at least translucent in the visual spectrum.
16. 16. The method according to one of the preceding sections, wherein the watermark color comprises at least one dye and / or at least one pigment which is recognizable in the visual spectrum.
17. 17. The method according to any one of sections 1 to 16, wherein the watermark ink comprises at least one dye and / or at least one pigment, wherein the dye or the pigment is visible in the infrared spectrum.
18. 18. The method according to any one of sections 1 to 17, wherein the watermark ink comprises at least one dye and / or at least one pigment, wherein the dye or the pigment in the ultraviolet spectrum recognizable is. That is, the watermark ink or pigment can be excited to emit light in the ultraviolet spectrum.
19. 19. A method according to any one of paragraphs 1 to 18, wherein the watermark color comprises a dye or pigment which absorbs electromagnetic radiation, in particular light, in a certain spectrum. In particular, it can be provided that the dye or the pigment absorbs certain color components, for example blue, an ultraviolet component and / or an infrared component incident light.
20. 20. The method according to any one of sections 1 to 19, wherein the substance in the form of a printing ink, in particular on a surface of the substrate, applied, preferably printed, is.
21. 21. The method of clause 20, wherein the ink is screen printed.
22. 22. The method of clause 20, wherein the ink is applied by gravure or flexographic printing.
23. 23. The method of clause 20, wherein the ink is applied by offset printing.
24. 24. The method of clause 20, wherein the ink is applied by the high pressure process.
25. 25. The method of clause 20, wherein the ink is applied by inkjet printing.
26. 26. The method of clause 20, wherein the ink is applied by laser printing.
27. 27. The method according to any one of sections 1 to 20, wherein the substance is applied in the form of a coating, in particular in the context of a cold or heat seal application.
28. 28. The method of clause 27, wherein the coating is applied as a metallic coating.
29. 29. A method according to any of clause 27 or 28, wherein the coating is applied as a film coating.
30. 30. The method of any of clauses 27 to 29, wherein the coating comprises diffractive structures.
31. 31. The method according to any of sections 1 to 30, wherein the applied substance is visible in the visual spectrum. In one embodiment, the substance may accordingly comprise at least one dye which is at least translucent in the visual spectrum and / or at least one pigment which is at least translucent in the visual spectrum. In one embodiment, the substance may comprise at least one dye and / or at least one pigment that is recognizable in the visual spectrum.
32. 32. The method according to any one of sections 1 to 31, wherein the deposited substance is visible in the infrared spectrum. The substance may comprise at least one dye and / or at least one pigment, wherein the dye or the pigment is detectable in the infrared spectrum
33. 33. The method according to any one of paragraphs 1 to 32, wherein the applied substance is detectable in the ultraviolet spectrum. The substance may comprise at least one dye and / or at least one pigment, the dye or the pigment being recognizable in the ultraviolet spectrum. That is, the watermark ink or pigment can be excited to emit light in the ultraviolet spectrum.
34. 34. The method according to any one of sections 1 to 33, wherein the substance comprises a dye or a pigment, which / absorbs an electromagnetic radiation, in particular light, in a certain spectrum. In particular, it can be provided that the dye or the pigment absorbs certain color components, for example blue, an ultraviolet component and / or an infrared component incident light.
35. 35. The method of any of sections 1 to 34, wherein the substance and / or the watermark color comprises machine readable feature substances.
36. 36. The method of any of sections 1 to 35, wherein the substance and / or the watermark color comprises magnetic feature substances.
37. 37. The method according to any of sections 1 to 36, wherein the substance and / or the watermark color comprises luminescent feature substances.
38. 38. The method according to any one of sections 1 to 37, wherein the substance and / or the watermark color comprises electrically conductive feature substances.
39. 39. The method according to any one of sections 1 to 38, wherein the substance and / or the watermark color comprises optically variable feature substances.
40. 40. The method according to any one of sections 1 to 39, wherein the substance and / or the watermark color comprises piezochrome feature substances.
41. 41. The method according to any of sections 1 to 40, wherein the substance and / or the watermark color comprises thermochromic feature substances.
42. 42. The method according to any of sections 1 to 41, wherein the substance and / or the watermark color comprises photochromic feature substances.
43. 43. The method according to any one of sections 1 to 42, wherein as substrate a fiber-based substrate, for example based on wood cellulose, cotton cellulose plastic fibers and / or flax fibers, is provided.
44. 44. The method according to any one of sections 1 to 43, wherein on the substrate at least partially in the region of the watermark on the surface opposite the first surface, an additional substrate is applied, which is at least translucent in the visual spectrum and comprises a dye or a luminescent substance.
45. 45. A security element for a security or value document produced by a method according to the features of one of the sections 1 to 44.
46. 46. Security or value document with a security element according to Section 45.

Claims (20)

Method for producing a security element (100, 100 ', 100 ") for a security or value document, comprising the steps: - providing (S1) a substrate (10); - Applying (S2) of a substance (20,20 ', 20 ", 20"', 41) on a first surface of the substrate (10) such that upon viewing the substrate (10) in supervision, a first motif (12) recognizable becomes, - applying (S3) a watermark ink (30, 30 ', 30 ") to the substrate (10) to produce a watermark (32) in the substrate (10) such that when viewing the substrate (10) in phantom, a second motif can be seen in the form of the watermark (32), characterized in that the substance (20, 20 ', 20 ", 20"', 41) and the watermark ink (30, 30 ', 30 ") are applied in register with each other at least in a partial area. Process according to Claim 1, characterized in that the substance (20, 20 ', 20 ", 20"', 41) and the watermark ink (30, 30 ', 30 ") are applied by means of at least two different application plants, the substrate ( 10) rests on a common for the two application plants impression cylinder. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the watermark ink (30, 30 ', 30 ") is applied to the first surface of the substrate (10) and / or the watermark ink (30, 30', 30") is applied to one of first surface of the substrate (10) opposite surface is applied. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the substance (20, 20 ', 20 ", 20'", 41) and the watermark ink (30, 30 ', 30 ") are applied by means of at least two different application plants, wherein at least in one area the substance (20, 20 ', 20 ", 20"', 41) or / and at least in one area the watermark color (30, 30 ', 30 ") on the front side and at least in one area the watermark color (30 , 30 ', 30 ") and / or at least in one area the substance (20, 20', 20", 20 "', 41) are simultaneously applied to the substrate (10) on the backside of the substrate. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the watermark ink (30, 30 ', 30 ") and / or the substance (20,20', 20"', 20 "', 41) are printed. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the substance (20, 20 ', 20 ", 20"', 41) on one of the first surface of the substrate (10) opposite surface of the substrate (10) is applied. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the watermark ink (30, 30 ', 30 ") and / or the substance (20, 20', 20", 20 "', 41) at least in sections in register on preferably both surfaces of Substrate (10) are applied. A method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that at least two preferably different substances (20, 20 ', 20 ", 20"', 41) and / or at least two preferably different areas with watermark color (30, 30 ', 30 ") are formed and preferably the at least two different substances (20, 20 ', 20 ") at least partially are in register with each other and / or the at least two different watermark colors (30, 30 ', 30 ") to each other at least partially in the register. A method according to claim 8, characterized in that the existing at least two watermark colors (30, 30 ', 30 "), preferably the two surfaces differ and / or the at least two existing substances (20, 20', 20"), 20 "', 41) which preferably differentiate between two surfaces. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the watermark ink (30,30 ', 30 ") and / or the substance (20, 20', 20", 20 "', 41) at least one dye and / or a pigment includes. A method according to claim 10, characterized in that at least one dye and / or a pigment of the watermark ink (30, 30 ', 30 ") and / or the substance (20, 20', 20", 20 "', 41) in the visual Spectrum is recognizable and / or at least one dye and / or pigment in the infrared spectrum is visible and / or a dye and / or a pigment in the ultraviolet spectrum is recognizable and / or excited in an infrared spectrum and / or in an ultraviolet spectrum and the emission wavelength is different from the excitation wavelength of the dye and / or the pigment. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the watermark ink (30,30 ', 30') in the screen printing process or in the flexographic printing process or in the offset printing process or in High-pressure process or gravure printing, inkjet printing process or laser printing process is printed and / or that the substance (20, 20 ', 20 ", 20"', 41) in the form of a printing ink by screen printing or by flexographic printing or offset printing or high-pressure process or is printed by gravure printing or inkjet printing or laser printing and / or that the substance (20, 20 ', 20 ", 20"', 41) is applied in the form of a coating in the context of a cold or heat seal application. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the substance (20, 20 ', 20 ", 20"', 41) comprises machine-readable feature substances, preferably magnetic feature substances and / or luminescent feature substances and / or electrically conductive feature substances. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the substance (20, 20 ', 20 ", 20"', 41) comprises optically variable feature substances or colors based on optically variable pigments, in particular colors based on magnetically orientable optically variable feature substances or pigments, piezochromic optically variable feature substances or pigments and / or thermochromic optically variable feature substances and / or photochromic optically variable feature substances and / or at least one pigment, in particular with magnetically reversible or irreversible orientable feature, in a capsule. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a fiber-based substrate is provided as the substrate (10). Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on the substrate (10) at least partially in the region of the watermark (32) on the surface opposite the first surface, an additional substrate is applied, which is at least translucent in the visual spectrum and a dye or a Luminescent substance comprises. Security element (100, 100 ', 100 ") for a security or value document produced by a method according to one of Claims 1 to 16. Security element (100, 100 ', 100 ") according to claim 17, characterized in that the security element (100, 100', 100"), in particular the substrate (10), comprises a further security feature, in particular in the form of a variation of the thickness of the security or value document , Security or value document with a security element (100, 100 ', 100 ") according to one of claims 17 or 18. Security or value document according to claim 19, characterized in that the security or value document, in particular in the area of the security element (100, 100 ', 100 "), comprises a further security feature, in particular in the form of a variation of the thickness of the security or value document.

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