DE102014015832B4 - Method for transmitting data to a projectile while passing through a weapon barrel assembly - Google Patents

Abstract

Method for transmitting data to a projectile (10) during the passage of a weapon barrel arrangement (1, 2), wherein a programming signal (17) is generated by a programming unit (16), the programming signal (17) being a useful signal (23) with the Data comprises, wherein the programming signal (17) is transmitted to the projectile (10) by means of a programming section (18), the programming signal (17) being received by a receiving coupler (21) of the projectile (10), wherein by means of a receiving part (22 ) of the projectile (10), the data is reconstructed from the programming signal (17), characterized in that a pilot tone (24) is sent to the projectile (10), the pilot tone (24) being recognized by the receiving part (22), whereby the reception of the pilot tone (24) starts the reception of the useful signal (23) with the data.

Description

The invention relates to a method for transmitting data to a projectile while passing through a weapon barrel arrangement, with the features of the preamble of patent claim 1.

The invention further relates to a weapon barrel arrangement with the features of the preamble of patent claim 11.

The invention further relates to a projectile with the features of the preamble of claim 12.

• Die US 4,144,815 A beschreibt ein Verfahren zur Daten- und Energieübertragung an ein Projektil, während sich das Projektil nach dem Laden, aber noch vor dem Abfeuern im Patronenlager bzw. Waffenrohr befindet. Es wird ein Pilotton in Form eines Burstsignals an das Projektil gesendet. Der Pilotton dient dazu, einen Schalter im Projektil zu aktivieren und eine Energieversorgung des Projektils mit Energie zu versorgen, wobei die Energieversorgung die Energie des Pilottons in eine Gleichspannung umwandelt. Hiernach empfängt das ruhende Projektil die Daten. Das Projektil wird noch nicht von reaktiven oder ionisierten Verbrennungsgasen umgeben, so dass eine Datenübertragung über elektromagnetische Felder leicht möglich ist.

There are methods for transmitting data to a stationary projectile:

• The US 4,144,815 A describes a method for transmitting data and energy to a projectile while the projectile is in the cartridge chamber or weapon barrel after loading but before firing. A pilot tone is sent to the projectile in the form of a burst signal. The pilot tone serves to activate a switch in the projectile and to energize a power supply of the projectile, the power supply converting the energy of the pilot tone into a DC voltage. The stationary projectile then receives the data. The projectile is not yet surrounded by reactive or ionized combustion gases, so data transmission via electromagnetic fields is easily possible.

There are also methods for data transmission while passing through a weapon barrel arrangement.

The weapon barrel arrangement has a weapon barrel and preferably a muzzle brake. After a propellant charge is ignited, the projectile passes through the weapon barrel. First, the muzzle velocity is measured. The weapon barrel assembly has a speed measuring section.

From the DE 10 2006 058 375 A1 a method for measuring the muzzle velocity of a projectile is known. The muzzle velocity is measured on a weapon barrel or on a muzzle brake. The weapon barrel or muzzle brake is used as a waveguide. The waveguide is operated below its limit frequency. As the projectile moves in the waveguide and before the projectile leaves the waveguide, a prediction can be made about the velocity of the projectile. A signal generator of the speed measuring section generates a carrier in continuous operation or a modulated signal.

From the DE 10 2008 024 574 A1 Another method for measuring the muzzle velocity of a projectile using a waveguide is known.

The data transmission or programming of the projectile takes place in particular in the area of the muzzle of the corresponding weapon barrel arrangement. A programming signal with the data is generated by a programming unit. The programming signal is transmitted to the projectile using a programming section. While the projectile moves past the programming section, the programming signal is transmitted to the projectile by means of the programming unit. This data can be used to trigger a detonator for air explosive ammunition or to control trajectory control devices for guided projectiles. It is advantageous if the programming signal is transmitted in the area of the muzzle brake. The weapon barrel arrangement or part of the weapon barrel arrangement is used as a waveguide, with the waveguide being operated below its cutoff frequency. The field used is highly concentrated in the weapon barrel or in the waveguide and therefore only a little escapes from the waveguide or the weapon barrel arrangement. This waveguide is also suitable for measuring the muzzle velocity of the projectile.

From the DE 10 2010 006 530 A1 A corresponding programmable ammunition is known which, on the one hand, allows programming and, on the other hand, to which energy is transferred. The programming as well as the energy transfer now takes place when the projectile passes through a weapon barrel, a muzzle brake or the like, with the corresponding waveguide being operated below the cutoff frequency. The projectile has an energy storage, electronics and an ignition as well as at least one receiving part for receiving the programming signal sent for programming. The projectile is combined with an energy transmission unit in such a way that a further signal is transmitted via the same or is led to the energy storage via another sensor and the energy storage is thus charged.

From the generic DE 10 2010 006 528 A1 a method for programming a projectile while passing through a weapon barrel or through a muzzle brake is known. As the projectile passes through the waveguide, the muzzle velocity is also measured. The measured muzzle velocity is fed to a programming section. A carrier frequency f1 is generated by a signal generator. The carrier frequency is modulated with the corresponding data to be transmitted - such as a decomposition time - using a programming unit. This useful signal is sent by the programming section and received by the projectile. The carrier frequency f1 is below the cutoff frequency of the waveguide. This modulated programming signal serially transmits the data to the projectile. A receiving coupler is assigned to the projectile and is electrically connected to a memory or processor in the projectile. As the projectile passes through the waveguide, the projectile receives the programming signal using capacitive and/or inductive coupling. For programmable ammunition, energy must be provided to the projectile for the electronics integrated into it and for starting the fuse chain. The transmission is inductive and/or capacitive. For the energy transfer, an existing or additional transmitting coupler is used, which supplies a sensor in the projectile with the necessary energy in the form of a further frequency, which in turn charges a memory that is electrically connected to the sensor.

The generic process and the generic weapon barrel arrangement as well as the generic projectile are not yet optimally developed. It is particularly disadvantageous that the programming unit cannot recognize at which position of the programming section the projectile is at a specific point in time. It is therefore unclear whether the projectile is even in the reception area, i.e. H. in the area of the programming path, and when is the optimal time for the programming process or for data transfer. Therefore, there are considerable uncertainties in the synchronization of the programming, with the synchronization in the prior art consisting, for example, of an estimate of the flight time of the projectile from the firing pin being triggered to the average arrival time within the programming range.

The data to be transmitted is also serial, i.e. H. sent one after the other. The amounts of data transferred are small. Modern, programmable ammunition types with corresponding projectiles can receive new functions and therefore require more information, i.e. H. a larger amount of data. The amount of data is transferred to the projectile within a certain programming path. The programming path can also be referred to as a programming route. The programming path is the length of the programming section within which the data transfer takes place while the projectile flies through this programming path.

For structural reasons, the programming path cannot be extended arbitrarily. If the programming path is extended, compatibility with sub-caliber ammunition types in particular can be lost. Subcaliber ammunition types have detaching sabots, with the detaching sabots moving radially outwards after exiting the weapon barrel of the subcaliber projectile. When the programming path is extended, these sabots collide with the inner surface of the programming section and can damage it.

If the programming path is extended, the weight of the programming section increases. An increase in weight at the muzzle of the weapon barrel has a negative influence on the gun dynamics in terms of the mass to be moved and the vibration behavior of the weapon barrel arrangement. Therefore, the programming path cannot be extended arbitrarily to increase the amount of data that can be transferred.

If the clock speed for data transfer is increased, this may also reach a limit as the bandwidth increases. Increasing the bandwidth allows more spurious signal energy to enter the transmission path and prevent correct programming.

A reduction in muzzle velocity results in a longer overall stay of the projectile in the programming path, which means that more information or larger amounts of data can be transmitted. However, a high projectile speed is the essential parameter for the effectiveness of the projectile on the target.

The invention is based on the object of providing a method for programming a projectile, a projectile and a weapon barrel arrangement, whereby synchronization problems when sending and receiving the data are avoided.

This object on which the invention is based is now achieved by a method with the features of patent claim 1, a weapon barrel arrangement with the features of patent claim 11 and a projectile with the features of patent claim 12.

A pilot tone is sent to the projectile, the pilot tone being recognized by the receiving part, the reception of the pilot tone starting the reception of the useful signal with the data. Receipt of the pilot tone starts the sampling of the programming signal, in particular the useful signal. It is conceivable that the pilot tone is sent permanently. A separate transmit coupler can be provided for transmitting the pilot tone, this transmit coupler also being arranged along the programming path. In a preferred embodiment, however, the pilot tone is sent together with the useful signal via a common transmission coupler.

In a preferred embodiment, the programming signal sent by the programming section has the pilot tone. The pilot tone is recognized and evaluated by the projectile. As soon as its signal strength is sufficient, the projectile recognizes its optimal position within the programming path and picks up the other signal components, namely a useful signal. Synchronization on the transmitter side with the projectile is therefore no longer required. The pilot tone starts programming the projectile. The pilot tone solves the synchronization problems.

In a preferred embodiment, the data is transmitted in parallel in time. Instead of a time-serial data transmission, a time-parallel data transmission is used. A frequency division multiplexing method can be used. An orthogonal frequency division multiplex method is preferably used for data transmission. Such an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing method is also referred to as OFDM method (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing). Alternatively, a code multiplexing method could be used. Several carriers are used, with the carriers being chosen orthogonally to one another. The useful signal is the sum of the modulated carriers. The frequency spacing between the individual carriers is chosen so that orthogonality is created. The frequency spacing between adjacent carriers is in particular equidistant. The data to be transmitted is then distributed among the carriers and transmitted simultaneously. The data bits are used to modulate the amplitude of the carriers. With this method, the data can be reconstructed from the programming signal thanks to the orthogonality. The data can be represented as a word with B bits. The programming unit divides the bits into the individual carriers, with the individual carriers being sent simultaneously. In a preferred embodiment, exactly one bit is assigned to each carrier. It is conceivable that, in an alternative embodiment, several bits are transmitted one after the other in time.

In order to ensure reception, it is advantageous for the receiver to maintain a sampling interval and a corresponding sampling frequency. It should be noted that the sampling frequency is not the same as the frequency used for speed measurement.

In one embodiment, the value for the clock interval or the sampling frequency is given to the projectile before ignition. In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the method, information about the clock interval, for example the value for the clock interval or the value for the sampling frequency, is sent to the projectile during programming. The angular frequency of the pilot tone is preferably proportional to the sampling frequency or corresponds to the sampling frequency. This reduces the amount of information that must be imprinted on the projectile before loading. Because the value for the sampling interval or the sampling frequency is sent to the projectile via the programming section, a simplification of the design of the projectile can be achieved. No oscillator is necessary in the projectile to adjust the sampling frequency or the sampling interval. The sampling intervals can be clocked using a square wave generator, whereby the sampling frequency is generated from the pilot tone and used to control the square wave generator.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, the method is carried out within a waveguide, with the waveguide being operated below its cutoff frequency. This means the field is concentrated on the weapon barrel arrangement. The carrier frequencies are below the cutoff frequency. The frequency of the pilot tone is below the cutoff frequency. The frequency for measuring the muzzle velocity is below the cutoff frequency.

The disadvantages mentioned at the beginning are therefore avoided and corresponding advantages are achieved.

There are now a variety of possibilities for designing and developing the method according to the invention, the weapon barrel arrangement according to the invention and the projectile according to the invention. For this purpose, reference may first be made to the patent claims subordinate to claim 1. A preferred embodiment of the invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing and the associated description.

• 1 in einer schematischen, geschnittenen Detaildarstellung einen Mündungsbereich einer ersten Waffenrohranordnung,
• 2 in einer schematischen, geschnittenen Detaildarstellung einen Mündungsbereich einer zweiten Waffenrohranordnung,
• 3 in einer schematischen Darstellung eine Programmiereinheit, und
• 4 in einer schematischen Darstellung ein Empfangsteil.

In the drawing shows:

• 1 in a schematic, sectional detailed representation of a muzzle area of a first weapon barrel arrangement,
• 2 in a schematic, sectional detailed representation of a muzzle area of a second weapon barrel arrangement,
• 3 in a schematic representation a programming unit, and
• 4 in a schematic representation a receiving part.

In 1 and 2 Two different weapon barrel arrangements 1, 2 are shown. The weapon barrel assemblies 1, 2 can be part of a gun, preferably a 35 mm gun. The weapon barrel assembly 1, 2 can have a 35 mm caliber.

The two weapon barrel arrangements 1, 2 each have a weapon barrel 3, although only the free end (not specified) of the weapon barrel 3 is shown here. A muzzle brake 4, 5 is arranged at this end of the weapon barrel 3. The muzzle brakes 4, 5 each have a narrower area 6 initially adjoining the weapon barrel 3, an expanding area 7 and a further end area 8. Corresponding openings 9 are formed in the expanding area 7. Some of the corresponding combustion gases can exit laterally through the openings 9.

The muzzle brakes 4, 5 now differ in that the muzzle brake 4 has a longer, narrower region 6 than the muzzle brake 5, the end region 8 of the muzzle brake 5 being longer than the end region 8 of the muzzle brake 4.

Furthermore, in 1 and 2 A projectile 10 is shown schematically in each case, the projectile 10 passing through the weapon barrel arrangement 1, 2 in the firing direction 11. A speed measuring section 12 is arranged in the weapon barrel arrangement 1, 2, in particular in the muzzle brake 4, 5, here in the narrower area 6. The muzzle velocity of the projectile 10 can be measured using the velocity measuring section 12. A measurement signal 13 is determined using the speed measuring section 12. The measurement signal 13 is now used to calculate the muzzle velocity V0 in a method step 14 “Calculation of the muzzle velocity”. The maximum speed of the programmable projectile 10 can be, for example, 1100 m/s.

In a subsequent method step 15, the disassembly time of the projectile 10 is now calculated. The method described here is suitable for data transmission and programming of ammunition, i.e. H. of projectiles 10 of any kind, but it is particularly suitable for air explosive ammunition. The projectile 10 can in particular be designed as air burst ammunition, with the projectile 10 being detonated by a dismantling charge during flight after a dismantling time has elapsed. Alternatively, the projectile 10 can be steerable, with corresponding data being transferable to the projectile 10.

In a further method step, the projectile 10 is programmed in a programming unit 16 based on the calculated disassembly time. This is explained in detail in 3 programming unit 16 shown generates a programming signal 17.

The programming signal 17 is forwarded to a programming section 18 (cf. 1 and 2 ). The programming section 18 is part of the weapon barrel arrangement 1, 2. The programming section 18 is preferably assigned to the muzzle brake 4, 5. In the case of the muzzle brake 4, the programming section 18 is arranged adjacent to the speed measuring section 12 in the narrower area 6. In the case of the muzzle brake 5, the programming section 18 is assigned to the end region 8.

The programming section 18 now has a transmission coupler 19. The programming signal 17 is fed to the transmission coupler 19. The transmission coupler 19 can be formed by a coil or by several coil turns arranged at a distance from one another. The transmission coupler 19 extends in the firing direction 11 along a programming path 20. As will be explained in detail below, the programming path 20 can have a length of less than 3cm, less than 1cm, or less than 0.5cm, in particular to a length be limited to 1 mm. This results in a minimum programming time of T = 0.9 µs with a muzzle velocity of a maximum of 1100 m/s.

The at least one transmission coupler 19 is arranged along the programming path 20. The transmission coupler 19 is located here in an unspecified waveguide. The end region 8 or the narrower region 6 of the muzzle brake 4, 5 serves as a waveguide. It is conceivable that, in an alternative embodiment, the weapon barrel 3 is used as a waveguide. The transmission coils of the transmission coupler 19, not shown, are positioned at a distance from one another.

The projectile 10 has a receiving coupler 21 and a receiving part 22. The receiving coupler 21 receives the transmitted programming signal 17 as it passes through the programming path 20 and forwards it to the receiving part 22. The receiving part 22 evaluates the received programming signal 17.

In a preferred embodiment of the method and the programming unit 16, the programming signal 17 has two signal components, namely a useful signal 23 and a pilot tone 24. The useful signal 23 contains the data to be transmitted to the projectile 10, in particular with regard to the disassembly time.

The disadvantages mentioned at the beginning with regard to synchronization are avoided in that the pilot tone 24 can be sent or is sent to the projectile 10, the pilot tone 24 being recognizable or recognized by the receiving part 22 in order to enable the reception of the useful signal 23 with the data by receiving pilot tone 24.

The pilot tone 24 now initially serves to ensure that the receiving part 22 of the projectile 10 recognizes the optimal position of the projectile 10 within the programming section 18, namely within the programming section 20, for receiving the data due to the signal strength of the pilot tone 24. The pilot tone 24 can be received from the projectile 10 within the programming path 20. As soon as the signal strength of the pilot tone 24 is sufficient, the projectile 10 receives the useful signal 23 via the reception coupler 21 and thus also via the receiving part 22. There is therefore no further synchronization required on the transmitter side with the projectile 10, i.e. with the receiver side. By means of the pilot tone 24, the timing between the speed measurement and the transmission of the programming data, namely the programming signal 17, is simplified. The pilot tone 24 makes it possible to simplify data transmission and reduce the complexity of the process and the projectile 10. Using the pilot tone 24, synchronization problems during projectile programming are reduced, which means that incorrect or non-programming is avoided and the hit rate is increased. It is conceivable to send the pilot tone 24 permanently and, as soon as a useful signal 23 has been created, to send it from then on until the projectile 10 has left the weapon barrel arrangement 1, 2.

In one embodiment of the method, the projectile 10, i.e. H. The ammunition is given a value for a cycle interval before firing. In a preferred embodiment of the method, however, the pilot tone 24 is used to transfer information for a sampling interval or information about the sampling frequency to the receiving part 22. This reduces the amount of information that must be impressed on the projectile 10 for the loading process. Because the clock interval can be extracted from the pilot tone 24, an additional oscillator is no longer required in the receiving part 22 of the projectile 10. This results in a component simplification.

The structure and functionality of the programming unit 16 will be discussed in detail below using the 3 To be received.

Based on the calculated decomposition time, a word 25 with B bits is now generated. The individual bits are designated in more detail here as A _1/N , A _2/N , ..., A _b , ..., A _B/N . From the measured muzzle velocity of the projectile 10, the disassembly time as well as any additional information is represented as a word 25 with B bits. The respective “1” or “0” are assigned to the respective A _b . For a 35 mm caliber gun barrel, B = 26 bits should now apply. In another embodiment of the method, however, it is conceivable to also transmit larger amounts of data with B > 26 bits or smaller amounts of data or with B < 26 bits.

It is particularly advantageous that the data is transmitted in parallel in time using several carriers. Instead of a time-serial data transmission, a time-parallel data transmission is proposed. In particular, an OFDM method, ie an orthogonal frequency division multiplex method, is used. This makes it possible to maintain or reduce the programming time with larger data volumes. The programming route 20 can be retained or reduced (cf. 1 and 2 ). The clock speed does not need to be increased or can even be reduced.

Since no time-serial transmission is used, the projectile 10 flying past can decide for itself when the best time is to receive the data. This means that there is no need to coordinate the timing between the speed measurement and the transmission of the programming signal 17. This simplifies data transmission and reduces complexity. Because larger amounts of data can be transmitted, the projectile functions can either be controlled more precisely or it is conceivable to enable additional functions.

The number of samples is N+1.

First, a number N is chosen that is greater than 2*B. Thus - in the case B=26 - N > 52 should be.

$$q-bkeineganzeZahlmitb=\frac{1}{N},\dots ,\frac{B}{N}=\frac{26}{N}undq=\frac{1}{N},\dots ,\frac{B}{N}=\frac{26}{N}$$

The following conditions still apply: $$q+bkeineGan\mathrm{e.g}eZaHlmitb=\frac{1}{N},\dots ,\frac{b}{N}=\frac{26}{N}undq=\frac{1}{N},\dots ,\frac{b}{N}=\frac{26}{N}$$

$$q-bkeineGan\mathrm{e.g}eZaHlmitb=\frac{1}{N},\dots ,\frac{b}{N}=\frac{26}{N}undq=\frac{1}{N},\dots ,\frac{b}{N}=\frac{26}{N}$$

In order to reduce the influence of aliasing effects on the one hand and to fulfill the above condition on the other hand, N is preferably a prime number that is larger than 2B. For example, you can choose N = 103 as the prime number.

This results in the sampling interval T _A from the programming time T _A =T _PROG /N. The sampling interval T _A can be, for example, 0.9 µs. This results in a sampling frequency f _A = N/T _PROG = 114.4 MHz.

Preferably, this sampling frequency f _A does not correspond to the frequency used for the speed measurement. For example, a frequency of 30 MHz can be used to measure speed.

The carrier frequencies are now generated from the sampling interval T _A in a method step 25. The carrier frequency ω _b is formed for a total of B = 26 carriers. $$\begin{array}{l}{\omega }_b=2\cdot \pi \cdot {ƒ}_b=2\cdot \pi \cdot \left[\frac{b}{T_A}\right]\\ \to {\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="ƒ"\; filenames="DE102014015832B4\_0012.png,DE102014015832B4\_0014.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">ƒ</figure-callout>}}_{1\text{/}103}=\frac{1}{N\cdot T_A}=1.08MH\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="e.g\; \to \; ƒ"\; filenames="DE102014015832B4\_0013.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">e.g</figure-callout>}\to {ƒ}_{}{}_{2\text{/}103}=\frac{2}{N\cdot T_A}=2.16MH\mathrm{e.g}\to \dots \to {\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="26"\; label="ƒ"\; filenames="DE102014015832B4\_0014.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">ƒ</figure-callout>}}_{26\text{/}103}=\frac{26}{N\cdot T_A}=\mathrm{May\; 28th}MH\mathrm{e.g}\end{array}$$

In a method step 26, the phase shifts φ _b are generated. The amplitudes A _b are pre-distorted or pre-amplified in a method step 27.

In method step 28, the modulation takes place with the carrier and the corresponding phase shifts. Here, all terms A _b are multiplied by the corresponding term: (1/ω _b )*sin(ω _b *z*T _A -(φ _b ), whereby the multiplication is carried out numerically in a microprocessor. The factor (1/ω _b ) serves to ensure that the received voltage values for the amplitudes in the receiving part 22 (cf. 4 ) are the same size.

liefert.In a subsequent method step 29, the summation takes place over all carriers, ie over all components (1/ω _b )*sin(ω _b *z*T _A - ω _b ). The summed signal is then fed to a digital-to-analog converter 30, which converts the signal $$u_A\left(t\right)={\displaystyle \sum _{\mathrm{e.g}=-\infty }^{+\infty }{\displaystyle \sum _{b=1\text{/}N}^{b\text{/}N}\frac{A_b}{{\omega }_b}}}\cdot \text{sin}\left({\omega }_b\cdot \mathrm{e.g}\cdot T_A-{\phi }_b\right)\cdot \delta \left(t-\mathrm{e.g}\cdot T_A\right)$$

delivers.

liefert. Dieses zeitlich kontinuierliche Signal u(t) wird nun einem Verstärker 32 und von da aus dem Sendekoppler 19 zugeführt. Ferner wird dem Sendekoppler 19 der Pilotton 24 zugeführt.The signal u _A (t) is then fed to a discrete-time-to-time-continuous converter 31, which converts the signal $$u\left(t\right)={\displaystyle \sum _{b=1\text{/}N}^{b\text{/}N}\frac{A_b}{{\omega }_b}}\cdot \text{sin}\left({\omega }_b\cdot t-{\phi }_b\right)$$

delivers. This time-continuous signal u(t) is now fed to an amplifier 32 and from there to the transmission coupler 19. Furthermore, the pilot tone 24 is supplied to the transmission coupler 19.

wird dazu einem Verstärker 33 zugeführt, der den verstärkten Pilotton 24 liefert.The unamplified pilot signal, which initially has the form $$w\left(t\right)=A_0\cdot \text{sin}\left(\frac{2\cdot \pi }{T_A}\cdot t\right)$$

is fed to an amplifier 33, which delivers the amplified pilot tone 24.

Der zweite Term dient unter anderem dazu, im Empfangsteil 22 die Taktrate T_A zu generieren.This results in the programming signal 17 in the form of a transmission current which is present at the input of the transmission coupler 19 - in particular a corresponding coil: $$SendestrOm\left(t\right)={\displaystyle \sum _{b=1\text{/}N}^{b\text{/}N}\frac{A_b}{{\omega }_b}}\cdot \text{sin}\left({\omega }_b\cdot t-{\phi }_b\right)+A_0\cdot \text{sin}\left(\frac{2\cdot \pi }{T_A}\cdot t\right).$$

The second term serves, among other things, to generate the clock rate T _A in the receiving part 22.

The phases φ _b have each been selected with the programming unit 16 so that no spikes appear in the received signal after the summation. With these measures, the analog-to-digital converter 42 can be used optimally.

The frequencies of the carriers of the programming signal 17 are in particular smaller than the cutoff frequency of the waveguide. The electromagnetic field decreases exponentially in the direction of the waveguide, whereby the corresponding field is limited to the weapon barrel arrangement 1, 2. Because the frequencies are below the limit frequency of the waveguide, the method's susceptibility to interference is low.

The receiving part 22, which is located in the projectile 10 and in 1 and 2 is shown schematically, the output of the receiving coil receives a corresponding reception voltage, which depends on the time: $$EmpfansspannunG\left(t\right)=\left[{\displaystyle \sum _{b=1\text{/}N}^{b\text{/}N}\cdot \text{cos}\left({\omega }_b\cdot t-{\phi }_b\right)}\right]+\frac{2\cdot \pi }{T_A}\cdot A_0\cdot \text{cos}\left(\frac{2\cdot \pi }{T_A}\cdot t\right).$$

This signal is now fed to a bandpass 34 in order to generate the sampling interval T _A and, on the other hand, to monitor the signal strength. If a threshold detector 35 determines that the amplitude 2πA ₀ /T _A is constant, a start pulse 36 is sent to a sample 37. Furthermore, a square wave generator 38 is now operated with the determined clock interval T _A , with a corresponding signal also being fed to the sampling 37.

When scanning 37, an index counter 39 is also used for the values n = 0, 1, 2, ... N.

Dieses Signal 41 - nämlich s_A(t) - wird einem Analog-zu-Digital-Wandler 42 zugeführt.The sampling 37 is now supplied with the corresponding useful signal 23 in the form ΣA _b cos(ω _b* t-φ _b ) via a second bandpass 40. This useful signal 23 is sampled at the sampling frequency f _A. As soon as there are N+1 samples, the index counter 39 stops sampling. The sampled signal 41 is referred to as s _A (t): $$S_A\left(t\right)=\left[{\displaystyle \sum _{b=1\text{/}N}^{b\text{/}N}{A}_b}\cdot \text{cos}\left({\omega }_b\cdot t-{\phi }_b\right)\right]\cdot {\displaystyle \sum _{n=0}^N\delta \left(t-n\cdot T_A\right)}=s\left(t\right)\cdot {\displaystyle \sum _{n=-\infty }^{+\infty }\delta \left(t-n\cdot T_A\right)}={\displaystyle \sum _{n=0}^{N}s\left(n\cdot T_A\right)}\cdot \delta \left(t-n\cdot T_A\right)$$

This signal 41 - namely s _A (t) - is fed to an analog-to-digital converter 42.

After the analog to digital conversion, the sample values s(n* _TA ) for all N+1 samples are stored in a shift register 43. The values in the shift register 43 s(n*T _A ) are fed to a Fourier transformer 44: $$\left|{\underset{\_}{S}}_A\left({\omega }_q\right)\right|=\left|{\displaystyle \underset{-\infty }{\overset{+\infty }{\int }}{\displaystyle \sum _{n=0}^{N}s\left(n\cdot T_A\right)}}\cdot \delta \left(t-n\cdot T_A\right)\cdot e^{-j\cdot {\omega }_q\cdot t}\cdot dt\right|=\left|{\displaystyle \sum _{n=0}^{N}s\left(n\cdot T_A\right)\cdot e^{-j\cdot {\omega }_q\cdot n\cdot T_A}}\right|$$

in einem Verfahrensschritt 46 ausgewertet. Diese Datenverarbeitung geschieht digital.The amount of the Fourier transformation is S _A ( _ωq ) at the angular frequency $w_q=q\cdot \frac{2\cdot \pi }{T_A};q=\frac{1}{N},\dots ,\frac{b}{N}$

evaluated in a method step 46. This data processing happens digitally.

If the magnitude of the Fourier transform of the sampled signal s _A (t) is evaluated at the angular frequency ω _q = ω _b , then a value not equal to 0 is only calculated if A _b =1. If A _b =0 a zero is calculated. It is therefore possible to receive the bits A _b of the word in parallel in time.

If the parameters are chosen appropriately, the FFT algorithm can also be used for programming with parallel data streams. The word 45 determined can now be used within the projectile 10 to determine the time of disassembly.

The disadvantages mentioned at the beginning are therefore avoided and corresponding advantages are achieved.

REFERENCE SYMBOL LIST

1

Weapon barrel arrangement

2

Weapon barrel arrangement

3

Gun barrel

4

Muzzle brake

5

Muzzle brake

6

narrower area

7

expanded area

8th

End area

9

opening

10

projectile

11

Direction of shot

12

Speed measurement section

13

measurement signal

14

Process step “Calculation of the muzzle velocity”

15

Process step “Calculation of the dismantling time”

16

Programming unit

17

Programming signal

18

Programming section

19

Transmit coupler

20

Programming route

21

Receiving coupler

22

receiving part

23

Useful signal

24

Pilot tone

25

“Generate carrier frequencies” process step

26

Process step “Create shift phases”

27

Process step “Predistort amplitudes”

28

“Modulation with carrier” process step

29

Process step “Summation of all carriers”

30

Digital-to-analog converter

31

Time-discrete-to-time-continuous converter

32

amplifier

33

amplifier

34

Band pass

35

Threshold detector

36

Start impulse

37

scanning

38

Rectangular generator

39

Index counter

40

Band pass

41

Signal s _A (t)

42

Analog to digital converter

43

Shift register

44

Fourier transformer

45

Word

46

Process step “Evaluating the Fourier transform at the angular frequency of the carrier”

Claims (14)

Method for transmitting data to a projectile (10) during the passage of a weapon barrel arrangement (1, 2), wherein a programming signal (17) is generated by a programming unit (16), the programming signal (17) being a useful signal (23) with the Data comprises, wherein the programming signal (17) is transmitted to the projectile (10) by means of a programming section (18), the programming signal (17) being received by a receiving coupler (21) of the projectile (10), wherein by means of a receiving part (22 ) of the projectile (10), the data is reconstructed from the programming signal (17), characterized in that a pilot tone (24) is sent to the projectile (10), the pilot tone (24) being recognized by the receiving part (22), whereby the reception of the pilot tone (24) starts the reception of the useful signal (23) with the data. Procedure according to Claim 1 , characterized in that the pilot tone (24) contains information about a sampling interval T _A or a sampling frequency f _A. Procedure according to Claim 2 , characterized in that a sampling interval T _A is extracted from the pilot tone (24), a square-wave generator (38) of the receiving part (22) being operated with a corresponding sampling frequency f _A , the square-wave generator (38) sampling the useful signal (23 ) controls. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the data are transmitted in parallel in time using several carriers. Procedure according to Claim 4 , characterized in that an orthogonal frequency division multiplex method is used for data transmission. Procedure according to Claim 4 or 5 , characterized in that several supports are used, the supports being orthogonal to one another. Method according to one of the above Claims 4 until 6 , characterized in that a separate carrier is assigned to each bit to be transmitted. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the programming signal (17) comprises a useful signal (23) and the pilot tone (24). Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the programming signal (17), in particular the useful signal (23), is sampled at the sampling frequency f _A , the determined sampling values being fed to a Fourier transformer (44), the amount of the Fourier transform of the scanning signal at the angular frequencies of the carriers are evaluated in order to reconstruct the data. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least part of the weapon barrel arrangement (1, 2) is used as a waveguide, the waveguide being operated below its cutoff frequency. Weapon barrel arrangement (1, 2) for carrying out a method according to one of the preceding claims, with a programming unit (16) and with a programming section (18), wherein a programming signal (17) with a useful signal (23) with the data from a programming unit (16 ) can be generated, wherein the programming signal (17) can be transmitted to the projectile (10) by means of a programming section (18), characterized in that a pilot tone (24) can be sent to the projectile (10), the pilot tone (24) being transmitted from Receiving part (22) can be seen in order to start receiving the useful signal (23) with the data by receiving the pilot tone (24). Projectile (10) for carrying out a method according to one of Claims 1 until 10 wherein the projectile (10) has a receiving part (22), a programming signal (17) with data being receivable from the receiving part (22), characterized in that a pilot tone (24) can be recognized by the receiving part (22), whereby the Receipt of the pilot tone (24) a reception of the useful signal (23) can be started. Projectile (10) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that exceeding a threshold value of the pilot tone (24) starts reception of the useful signal (23). Projectile (10) after one of the Claims 12 until 13 , characterized in that a sampling interval T _A can be extracted from the pilot tone (24), the receiving part (22) having a square-wave generator (38) and the square-wave generator (38) being operable with a corresponding sampling frequency f _A.

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