DE102014002262A1 - Fluid operated valve - Google Patents

Abstract

Fluid operated valve, in particular fuel injection valve, with a valve housing (3) in which on the one hand a cooperating with a valve seat valve body (6), in particular a nozzle needle, and on the other hand with the valve body (6) cooperating actuating element (7) is guided Actuating element (7) due to the spring force of a on a spring plate (9) of the actuating element (7) adjacent the spring element (11) presses the valve body (6) against the valve seat in a closed position, whereas on the valve body (6) abutting fluid pressure the valve body (6) lifts against the spring force of the spring element (10) from the valve seat, wherein a fluid leakage in a spring element (11) receiving the spring chamber (10) of the valve housing (3) collects and is discharged via a leakage line from the valve, and wherein in Federteller (9) of the actuating element (7) at least one bore (17, 18) is introduced, the one n on a first side of the spring plate (9) arranged subspace (15) of the spring chamber (10) and a on a second side of the spring plate (9) arranged subspace (19) of the spring chamber (10) connects.

Description

The invention relates to a fluid-operated valve according to the preamble of claim 1 or according to the preamble of claim 9.

A designed as a fuel injection valve, fluid-operated valve has a valve housing, which provides a valve seat and in which a cooperating with the valve seat, designed as a nozzle needle valve body is guided. In the valve housing, a cooperating with the valve body actuator is further performed, which cooperates with the valve body such that the actuating element presses the valve body against the valve seat in a closed position due to the spring force of a voltage applied to a spring plate of the actuator spring element. Then, when a defined fluid pressure is applied to the valve body, the fluid pressure can lift the valve body against the spring force of the spring element from the valve seat. The spring element of the valve is arranged in a spring chamber defined by the valve housing, wherein the spring element is supported with a first end on the spring plate of the actuating element and a second end on a pressure element, wherein the pressure element via an adjusting screw is confirmed and partially in a so-called Lanzbohrung of the valve protrudes. During operation of the valve, a fluid leakage can collect in the spring chamber, which can be discharged from the spring chamber into the lance chamber and from the lance chamber via a leakage line from the valve. In such known from the practice, fluid-operated valves, the problem is that the spring element positioned in the spring element is exposed to a risk of damage, whereby the spring element can break and thus destroyed. There is a need for a novel fluid-operated valve in which the risk of damage to the spring element is reduced.

On this basis, the present invention has the object to provide a novel fluid-operated valve.

This object is achieved according to a first aspect of the invention by a fluid operated valve according to claim 1.

According to the first aspect of the invention, at least one bore is introduced into the spring plate of the actuating element, which connects a arranged on a first side of the spring plate subspace of the spring chamber of the valve housing and arranged on a second side of the spring plate subspace of the spring chamber of the valve housing.

Then, when at least one bore is introduced into the spring plate of the actuating element, which connects the arranged on the first side of the spring plate subspace of the spring chamber with the arranged on the second side of the spring plate subspace of the spring chamber, a pumping action of the actuating element when switching or opening the valve and thus the consequent promotion of fluid leakage are largely prevented in the arranged on the first side of the spring plate subspace of the spring chamber. As a result, pressure increases in the arranged on the first side of the spring plate subspace of the spring chamber can be avoided during the opening of the valve, whereby the risk of damage to the spring element can be significantly reduced.

Preferably, a plurality of bores are introduced into the spring plate, which connect the arranged above the spring plate part space of the spring chamber and arranged below the spring plate part space of the spring chamber. This can effectively reduce the pumping action of the actuator when the valve is opened, so that the risk of damaging the spring member can be effectively reduced.

According to an advantageous development of the spring plate on the one hand in the longitudinal direction and in the longitudinal direction of the spring chamber extending central bore and on the other hand a plurality of transversely to the longitudinal direction of the spring plate and transversely to the longitudinal direction of the spring chamber extending diagonal bores introduced, wherein the central bore in the first, above the spring plate arranged subspace of the spring chamber opens, and wherein the diagonal holes open into the second, arranged below the spring plate subspace of the spring chamber. The central bore penetrates a spring guide of the spring plate. Hereby, the pumping action of the actuating element when opening the valve can be particularly effectively reduced in order to further reduce the risk of damage to the spring element.

According to an advantageous development, the spring element is located with a first end on the spring plate of the actuating element and with a second end to a cooperating with an adjusting pressure element, wherein in the pressure element in the same direction erstrechende a bore is introduced, the spring chamber with a lance bore coupled, wherein the leakage line branches off from the lance bore.

By introduced into the pressure element bore over which the on Partial space of the spring chamber arranged on the first side of the spring plate is coupled to the lance bore in the partial chamber of the spring chamber which collects on the first side of the spring plate, particularly effectively from the partial space of the spring chamber arranged on the first side of the spring plate in the direction of the lance bore and thus be discharged in the direction of the leakage line, whereby a pressure build-up in the arranged on the first side of the spring plate subspace of the spring chamber can also be counteracted. Also by this measure, the risk of damage to the spring element can be further reduced.

According to a second aspect of the invention, this object is achieved by a fluid-operated valve according to claim 9.

According to the second aspect of the invention, the spring chamber of the valve housing, namely arranged on the first side of the spring plate subspace of the spring chamber, coupled directly via at least one extending through the valve housing bore with a leakage discharge. The or each extending through the valve housing bore is dimensioned such that a pumped by a pumping effect of the actuator in the arranged on the first side of the spring plate subspace of the spring chamber fluid leakage within the switching time or opening time of the valve on the or each hole on the Spring chamber is completely drained.

Even with the second aspect of the invention, which can be used either alone or in combination with the first aspect of the invention, a pressure build-up in the arranged on the first side of the spring plate subspace of the spring chamber when opening the valve can be effectively counteracted, so To reduce the risk of damage to the spring element positioned in the spring chamber. During a switching cycle funded in the spring chamber fluid leakage can be completely dissipated within this switching time from the spring chamber, namely directly from the arranged on the first side of the spring plate subspace of the spring chamber via the or each valve housing penetrating bore.

Preferred embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims and the description below. Embodiments of the invention will be described, without being limited thereto, with reference to the drawings. Showing:

1 a detail of a first valve according to the invention in partial cross section;

2 : the detail II of the 1 in cross-section;

3 : the detail III of the 1 in cross-section;

4 a detail of a second valve according to the invention in partial cross section; and

5 : the cross section VV of 4 ,

The present invention relates to a fluid-operated valve, in particular a fuel injection valve for a fuel supply system of a large diesel engine, preferably for a fuel supply system of a heavy fuel oil powered marine diesel engine.

1 shows in section a partial cross section through a fuel injection valve 1 , wherein the fuel injection valve 1 in a recording 2 , is arranged. At the recording 2 it may be a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine. The fuel injector 1 of the 1 has a valve housing 3 on, which in the illustrated embodiment of two screwed together sections 4 . 5 is composed. The in 1 shown upper section 4 of the valve housing 3 is in the in 1 shown lower section 5 of the valve housing 3 screwed in and projects in sections into it.

In the valve housing 3 , in 1 in the lower section 5 the same, is designed as a nozzle needle valve body 6 led, with one of the lower section 5 of the valve housing 3 provided valve seat cooperates. Furthermore, in the valve housing 3 , namely in 1 in the upper section 4 the same, one with the valve body 6 cooperating actuator 7 guided, which one on the valve body 6 acting actuating plunger 8th and a spring plate 9 Includes, taking on the spring plate 9 of the actuating element 7 one in a spring room 10 of the valve housing 3 positioned spring element 11 supported with a first end.

At an opposite second end, the spring element is supported 11 on a pressure element 12 from, with the pressure element 12 a not shown adjusting screw cooperates, via which on the actuating element 7 acting spring force of the spring element 11 can be adjusted.

The spring chamber 10 is in one on a first side of the spring plate 9 of the actuating element 7 positioned subspace 15 and in one on a second side of the spring plate 9 positioned subspace 16 unterteilet. The spring element 11 is in the subspace positioned on the first page 15 taken up of the spring chamber.

In the valve housing 3 namely in the upper section 4 the same, is also a lance hole 13 introduced, wherein the pressure element 12 partly within this lance hole 13 is located or through the lance bore 13 sections extends. About the lance drilling 13 can the fuel valve 1 Fuel are supplied, the fuel, starting from the lance bore 13 via fuel supply lines 14 the valve body designed as a nozzle needle 6 is supplied.

The actuator 7 acts in such a way with the valve body designed as a nozzle needle 6 together that the actuator 7 , due to the spring element 11 provided spring force presses the valve body against the valve seat and thus the valve in a closed position. Then, if on the spring body 6 a sufficient fuel pressure or fluid pressure is applied, the valve body 6 against the spring force of the spring element 11 be lifted off the valve seat to the fuel valve 1 to open.

During operation of the fuel valve 1 can a fluid leakage or fuel leakage in the spring chamber 10 arrive, with the fuel leakage from the spring chamber 10 into the lance hole 13 can get to starting from the lance hole 13 about one in 1 invisible leakage line from the fuel valve 1 to be dissipated.

When opening the fuel valve 1 becomes the actuator 7 against the spring force of the spring element 11 moved upwards, resulting in the spring chamber 10 , namely on the first page of the spring plate 9 of the actuating element 7 positioned subspace 15 of the spring chamber 10 , existing fuel is compressed. This causes a pressure increase in on the first side of the spring plate 9 of the actuating element 7 positioned subspace 15 of the spring chamber 10 which causes damage to the spring element 11 can lead. Further, when switching the fuel valve 1 , namely the opening of the same, due to a pumping action of the actuating element 7 additional fuel in the spring chamber 10 namely in the on the first side of the spring plate 9 of the actuating element 7 positioned subspace 15 of the spring chamber 10 , also promoted when opening the valve 1 due to the above movement of the actuator 7 is compressed, causing a further pressure increase in on the first side of the spring plate 9 of the actuating element 7 positioned subspace 15 of the spring chamber 10 is effected. Such a pressure increase in the spring chamber 10 puts a load on the spring element 11 is, whereby the spring element 11 According to the prior art, a cavitation-related risk of damage is exposed.

To this cavitation caused damage to the spring element 11 Counteract is, according to a first aspect of the invention in the spring plate 9 of the actuating element 7 at least one bore introduced, which on the first side of the spring plate 9 ordered subspace 15 of the spring chamber 10 with the arranged on a second side of the spring chamber subspace 16 of the spring chamber 10 combines. So the detail II of the 2 to be taken from that in the spring plate 9 of the actuating element 7 several holes 17 . 18 are introduced, the above the spring plate 9 of the actuating element 7 arranged first subspace 15 of the spring chamber 10 with the below the spring plate 9 of the actuating element 7 arranged second subspace 16 of the spring chamber 10 connect.

So is in the spring plate 9 one in the longitudinal direction thereof and in the longitudinal direction of the spring chamber 10 extending central bore 17 placed in the above the spring plate 9 positioned subspace 15 of the spring chamber 10 empties. Further, in the spring plate 9 several diagonal holes 18 introduced, which is transverse to the longitudinal direction of the spring plate 9 and transverse to the longitudinal direction of the spring chamber 10 extend, and wherein these diagonal holes 18 in the below the spring plate 9 positioned subspace 16 of the spring chamber 10 lead. The central hole 17 as well as diagonal holes 18 communicate with each other, so therefore the first subspace 15 of the spring chamber 10 with the second subspace 16 of the spring chamber 10 over the holes 17 . 18 connected is.

Due to the fact that the two subspaces 15 . 16 of the spring chamber 10 over the holes 17 . 18 in the spring plate 9 of the actuating element 7 are connected, the pumping action of the actuating element 7 when opening the fuel valve 1 effectively reduced, so then at most a small fuel leakage due to the possibly still remaining pumping action of the actuator 7 when opening the valve 1 in the spring chamber 10 is promoted, namely in the on the first side of the spring plate 9 of the actuating element 7 positioned subspace 15 of the spring chamber 10 , As a result, an increase in pressure in the spring chamber 10 namely in the above the valve disk 9 arranged subspace 15 of the spring chamber 10 , in which the spring element 11 is effectively counteracted. A cavitation-related risk of damage to the spring element 11 can be reduced that way.

As already stated, the spring element is supported 11 with the first end on the spring plate 9 of the actuating element 7 with an opposite second end on the pressure element 12 from. 1 can be seen that while the spring element 11 both in the area of the spring plate 9 of the actuating element 7 as well as in the area of the pressure element 12 each with a spring guide 19 respectively. 20 is guided, with the central bore 17 of spring plate 9 the lead 19 of the same permeates.

2 can be seen that the spring leadership 19 of the spring plate 9 of the actuating element 7 a chamfer 21 having, with the longitudinal direction of the actuating element 7 includes an angle α, which is preferably between 10 ° and 30 °, in particular about 20 °. The chamfer 21 in the area of spring guidance 19 of the spring plate 9 of the actuating element 7 reduces the on the spring element 11 acting forces, whereby the risk of damage to the spring element 11 of the fuel valve 1 can be further reduced.

According to an advantageous development of the first aspect of the present invention is in the spring element 10 facing the end of the printing element 12 a in the longitudinal direction of the pressure element 12 extending bore 22 introduced, over which the spring chamber 10 namely the one above the spring plate 9 positioned subspace 15 of the spring chamber 10 , with the lance drilling 13 coupled or connected. Yourself in the spring room 10 namely in the upper subspace 15 the same, collecting fuel leakage can through this hole 22 in the pressure piece 12 effective in the lance drilling 13 be derived to starting from the lance hole 13 via the leakage line from the valve 11 to be dissipated. About the hole 22 in the pressure piece 12 Accordingly, the fluid leakage or the fuel leakage, in particular when switching the valve or when opening the same from the spring chamber 10 or the subspace 15 of the spring chamber 10 into the lance hole 13 be discharged, causing a pressure increase in the subspace 15 of the spring chamber 10 can be counteracted. As a result, the cavitation-related risk of damage to the spring element 11 be further reduced.

A fluid operated valve 1 according to a second aspect of the invention show 4 and 5 , where for the valve 1 of the 4 and 5 for same components, the same reference numbers are used as for the valve 1 of the 1 to 3 , To avoid unnecessary repetition, reference is made to the above statements for these assemblies, which will be discussed below only on those details through which the valve 1 of the 4 and 5 from the valve 1 of the 1 to 3 different.

It should be noted that the two aspects of the invention also in combination with each other on a valve 1 can be used. However, the two aspects or features of the aspects can also be used alone or independently of one another at a valve 1 be used.

At the fuel injection valve 1 of the 4 and 5 is the spring room 10 of the valve housing 3 namely on the first side or above the valve disk 9 of the actuating element 7 arranged subspace 15 of the spring chamber 10 directly over at least one, preferably over several, through the valve housing 3 extending bore coupled with a leakage discharge, namely according to 4 with an annular space evacuating the fluid leakage or fuel leakage 24 that is between the valve body 3 and the recording 2 of the valve 1 is trained. In the embodiment shown, a total of four such holes 23 in the valve body 3 namely in the upper section 4 the same, introduced on the first side or above the spring plate 9 positioned subspace 15 of the spring chamber 10 directly with the annulus 24 couple. The holes 23 extend obliquely to the longitudinal direction of the valve housing 3 ,

The cross section of these holes 23 is dimensioned such that a by a pumping effect of the actuating element 7 in the spring chamber 10 , namely in the subspace 15 the same, funded fluid leakage or fuel leakage within the switching time of the valve 1 , ie within the opening of the valve 1 needed time, about the holes 23 immediately and completely from the subspace 15 of the spring chamber 10 in the annulus 24 can be dissipated. This also allows an increase in pressure in on the first side or above the spring plate 9 positioned subspace 15 of the spring chamber 10 in which the spring element 11 is received, effectively counteracted and so the cavitation caused damage to the spring element 11 be reduced.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

Valve

2

admission

3

valve housing

4

section

5

section

6

valve body

7

actuator

8th

actuating ram

9

spring plate

10

spring chamber

11

spring element

12

pressure element

13

Lanz hole

14

Fuel line

15

subspace

16

subspace

17

central bore

18

Diagonal drilling

19

leadership

20

leadership

21

chamfer

22

drilling

23

drilling

24

annulus

Claims (11)

Fluid operated valve, in particular fuel injection valve, with a valve housing ( 3 ), in which on the one hand a valve body cooperating with a valve seat ( 6 ), in particular a nozzle needle, and on the other hand with the valve body ( 6 ) such cooperating actuator ( 7 ) is guided, that the actuating element ( 7 ) due to the spring force of a spring plate ( 9 ) of the actuating element ( 7 ) adjacent spring element ( 11 ) the valve body ( 6 ) presses against the valve seat in a closed position, whereas a on the valve body ( 6 ) applied fluid pressure the valve body ( 6 ) against the spring force of the spring element ( 10 ) lifts off the valve seat, and wherein a fluid leakage in a the spring element ( 11 ) receiving spring space ( 10 ) of the valve housing ( 3 ) and is discharged via a leakage line from the valve, characterized in that in the spring plate ( 9 ) of the actuating element ( 7 ) at least one bore ( 17 . 18 ), one on a first side of the spring plate ( 9 ) arranged subspace ( 15 ) of the spring chamber ( 10 ) and one on a second side of the spring plate ( 9 ) arranged subspace ( 19 ) of the spring chamber ( 10 ) connects. Valve according to claim 1, characterized in that the or each bore ( 17 . 18 ) above the spring plate ( 9 ) arranged subspace ( 15 ) of the spring chamber ( 10 ) and below the spring plate ( 9 ) arranged subspace ( 16 ) of the spring chamber ( 10 ) connects. Valve according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in the spring plate ( 9 ) of the actuating element ( 7 ) several holes ( 17 . 18 ) that are on the first side of the spring plate ( 9 ) arranged subspace ( 15 ) of the spring chamber ( 10 ) and on the second side of the spring plate ( 9 ) arranged subspace ( 16 ) of the spring chamber ( 10 ) connect. Valve according to claim 2 and 3, characterized in that in the spring plate ( 9 ) on the one hand in the longitudinal direction of the same and in the longitudinal direction of the spring chamber ( 10 ) extending central bore ( 17 ) and on the other hand, several transverse to the longitudinal direction of the spring plate ( 9 ) and transversely to the longitudinal direction of the spring chamber ( 10 ) extending diagonal bores ( 18 ), wherein the central bore ( 17 ) into the first subspace ( 15 ) of the spring chamber ( 10 ), and wherein the diagonal bores ( 18 ) into the second subspace ( 16 ) of the spring chamber ( 10 ). Valve according to claim 4, characterized in that the central bore ( 17 ) a lead ( 19 ) of the spring plate ( 9 ) penetrates. Valve according to claim 5, characterized in that the spring guide ( 19 ) a chamfer ( 21 ) at an angle between 10 ° and 30 °. Valve according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the spring element ( 10 ) with a first end on the spring plate ( 9 ) of the actuating element ( 7 ) and with a second end on a cooperating with an adjusting screw pressure element ( 12 ) is applied, wherein in the pressure element ( 12 ) in the longitudinal direction of the same erstrechende bore is introduced, the spring space ( 10 ) with a lance bore ( 13 ) coupled, wherein the leakage line branches off from the lance bore. Valve according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the same is further developed according to one of claims 9 to 11. Fluid operated valve, in particular fuel injection valve, with a valve housing ( 3 ), in which on the one hand a valve body cooperating with a valve seat ( 6 ), in particular a nozzle needle, and on the other hand with the valve body ( 6 ) such cooperating actuator ( 7 ) is guided, that the actuating element ( 7 ) due to the spring force of a spring plate ( 9 ) of the actuating element ( 7 ) adjacent spring element ( 11 ) the valve body ( 6 ) presses against the valve seat in a closed position, whereas a on the valve body ( 6 ) applied fluid pressure the valve body ( 6 ) against the spring force of the spring element ( 10 ) lifts off the valve seat, and wherein a fluid leakage in a the spring element ( 11 ) receiving spring space ( 10 ) of the valve housing ( 3 ) and is discharged via a leakage line from the valve, characterized in that the spring chamber ( 10 ) of the valve housing ( 3 ) directly via at least one through the valve housing ( 3 ) extending bore ( 23 ) is coupled to a leakage discharge. Valve according to claim 9, characterized in that the spring chamber ( 10 ) of the valve housing ( 3 ), namely one above the spring plate ( 9 ) positioned subspace ( 15 ) thereof, immediately above the or each through the valve housing ( 3 ) extending bore ( 23 ) with an annular space evacuating the fluid leakage ( 24 ), which between the valve housing ( 3 ) and a valve receiving receptacle ( 2 ) is coupled. Valve according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the or each passing through the valve housing ( 3 ) extending bore ( 23 ) is dimensioned such that one by a pumping effect of the actuating element ( 7 ) in the spring chamber ( 10 ) promoted fluid leakage within the switching time of the valve via the or each bore ( 23 ) on the spring chamber ( 10 ) is dissipatable.

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