DE102013210824A1 - Adjusting drive, in particular for a tailgate - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an adjusting drive for adjusting a flap of a motor vehicle, in particular a tailgate, with a hinge member to which the flap is fastened, and a drive shaft, wherein between a hinge member and the drive shaft, a clutch is provided which upon rotation of the drive shaft to engages a defined angle of rotation. The present invention further relates to a method for assembling a particular adjustment according to the invention, which is provided for driving a flap of a motor vehicle, in particular the tailgate, with the steps:
Mounting the adjusting drive to a body of a motor vehicle,
• Mount the flap on a hinge component of the adjustment drive, and
• Driving a drive shaft by a defined angle of rotation, in which a clutch of the adjustment engages and connects the hinge member with the drive shaft form and / or non-positively.

Description

State of the art

The present invention relates to an adjusting drive, in particular for a tailgate, according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

In the manufacture of motor vehicles, it is desirable in terms of accessibility to mount adjusting drives for adjusting electrically driven tailgates as early as possible on the body. In addition to their adjustment function, the adjusting drives also have the task of holding the tailgate in its position. To ensure this holding function, they are usually stiff and have a drag torque. In addition, these adjusting drives are in view of an emergency operation, for example, to close or open at interrupted or too low voltage, backward rotatable. The reverse rotation is possible but only with relatively high effort.

During assembly of the motor vehicle, however, the tailgate must be opened and closed several times. Due to the stiffness of the adjustment, but it is difficult to handle for the fitter. The stiffness therefore has a negative effect on the ergonomics of the manufacturing process and extends the production time of the motor vehicle.

Disclosure of the invention

Object of the present invention is therefore to provide an adjustment that ensures the ease of movement of a flap of a motor vehicle, in particular the tailgate, during assembly even when mounted flap.

The object is achieved with an adjusting drive for adjusting a flap of a motor vehicle, in particular the tailgate, in which between a hinge member to which the flap can be fastened, and a drive shaft, a clutch is provided which engages only when driving the drive shaft to a defined angle of rotation and the drive shaft with the hinge member positively and / or non-positively connects.

Since the drive shaft is positively and / or non-positively connected to the hinge component only when the clutch is engaged, a flap arranged on the hinge component is freely pivotable with the clutch disengaged about the drive shaft and therefore easily actuated by the fitter.

Therefore, as long as the drive shaft is not rotated by the defined rotation angle and the clutch is engaged, the flap for the fitter is easy to handle.

For this purpose, it is preferred that the clutch comprises a coupling means and a counter-coupling means, which cooperate with the clutch engaged and connect the hinge member positively and / or non-positively with the drive shaft. The coupling means is preferably arranged in a swivel angle range in which the flap is pivotable about the drive shaft. The counter-coupling means is preferably arranged in a rotation angle range which lies outside the pivoting range. Since the rotation angle range in which the counter-coupling means is arranged outside the pivoting angle range, in which the coupling means is arranged and the flap is pivotable, is provided, the coupling means and the counter-coupling means are securely unlocked during pivoting of the flap.

Particularly preferably, the coupling means and the counter-coupling means on opposite sides of the drive shaft, that is rotated by an angle of 180 ° to each other, arranged. This ensures maximum safety that the coupling agent and the counter-coupling means do not accidentally engage.

The pivot angle range is preferably about 80 ° -120 °, more preferably about 90 °.

The coupling means is preferably arranged on the hinge component, wherein the counter-coupling means is arranged on the drive shaft, or on a rotatably connected to the drive shaft intermediate member. Or the coupling means is also preferably arranged on the drive shaft or the intermediate component, wherein the counter-coupling means is arranged on the drive shaft. When an intermediate component is used, the coupling can be arranged completely on the hinge side and is independent of the drive.

The coupling means is preferably a positive locking means, in particular a ball or a pin, wherein the counter-coupling means is a recess into which the positive locking means engages positively when engaging the clutch. It is further preferred that the coupling also comprises a force means, in particular a spring, which presses the positive locking means in the recess.

Furthermore, it is preferred that the positive locking means displaced in the axial or radial direction to the drive shaft when it engages in the recess. Depending on the installation conditions but also another joining direction of the positive locking means in the recess is preferred.

• • Montieren des Verstellantriebs an eine Karosserie eines Kraftfahrzeugs, und
• • Montieren der Klappe an ein Scharnierbauteil des Verstellantriebs.

The object is further achieved with a method for assembling an adjusting drive according to the invention, which is provided for driving a flap of a motor vehicle, in particular the tailgate, with the steps:

• • Mounting the adjusting drive to a body of a motor vehicle, and
• • Mount the flap on a hinge component of the adjustment drive.

The method is characterized in that the drive shaft is driven at least by a defined angle of rotation, in which a coupling of the adjustment engages and connects the hinge member with the drive shaft form and / or non-positively.

As long as the drive shaft is not driven, the flap is not positively and / or non-positively connected to the drive shaft and therefore freely pivoted. Only after rotating the drive shaft by the defined angle of rotation and engagement of the clutch is this connected to the drive shaft, and thus a drive shaft driving the drive motor. Therefore, it is only after the engagement of the clutch stiff and actuated only under pressure from the fitter.

In the following the invention will be described with reference to figures. The figures are merely exemplary and do not limit the general idea of the invention.

1 shows in (a) a section of an adjusting drive for adjusting a flap with a coupling in one

unlatched state and in (b) the cut-out of (a) with the coupling in a locked state;

2 shows in (a) a detail of a further embodiment of an adjustment for adjusting the flap with the clutch in the unlatched state and in (b) the detail of (a) with the clutch in the locked state;

3 shows a section of a further embodiment of an adjusting drive for adjusting the flap, wherein in the region I) the clutch in the detent and in the area II) the clutch is shown in the locked state; and

4 shows in (a) an arrangement with a tailgate and a tailgate drive and in (b) the built-in motor vehicle assembly of (a).

The adjustment drive 10 of the 1 (a) includes a hinge component 3 and a drive shaft 20 concentric around a drive axle 2 extends. The drive shaft 20 is with a drive motor 1 (S. 2 - 4 ), in particular a DC motor or a synchronous machine, in and against a direction of rotation 21 rotatable.

At the hinge component 3 is a hinge 6 (S. 4 ) arranged or arrangeable. On the hinge 6 is a flap 7 (S. 4 ), in particular a motor vehicle 70 (S. 4 ), in particular a tailgate, rotatably fastened. It is preferred that there is a hinge axis 8th (S. 4 ) to the flap 7 on the hinge 6 is rotatably arranged, parallel to the drive axle 2 extends, or the hinge axis 8th the drive axle 20 is. Or it is a gear assembly (not shown) on the hinge 6 provided, which is an arrangement of the hinge axis 8th at a different angle (not shown) to the drive axle 2 allows.

The hinge component 3 or the hinge component 3 attached flap 7 is in a swivel angle range 51 around the drive axle 2 pivotable.

Between the drive shaft 20 and the hinge component 3 a clutch is provided. The clutch comprises a coupling agent 40 on the hinge component 3 is arranged, and a counter-coupling means 23 at the drive shaft 20 is provided.

The coupling agent 40 is a positive locking means, which is designed here as a pin with a circular cross-section. The following are the terms coupling agent 40 , Interlocking means and pin used synonymously. The pencil 40 is in a recess 36 of the hinge component 3 arranged and is powered by a force 41 , which is designed here as a spiral spring, against the drive shaft 20 pressed. The terms power means 41 and spring are also used synonymously below.

The counter-coupling agent 23 is a recess in the drive shaft 20 ,

The pencil 40 is in the middle of the swivel angle range 51 arranged. To make sure that he is not unintentionally in the recess 23 can engage, and thus the clutch is locked, this is in a rotation angle range 52 outside the swivel angle range 51 arranged. The recess 23 is here at a the pin 40 opposite side of the drive shaft 20 intended. It is therefore here by a rotation angle 50 from 180 ° from the pin 40 arranged away.

The 1 (a) shows the adjustment drive 10 therefore with a unlatched coupling. In this condition, the hinge component is 3 respectively the on the hinge component 3 attached flap 7 in the swivel angle range 51 free around the drive shaft 20 pivotable. Actuation of the hinge component 3 or the flap 7 is therefore easily possible in this state by the fitter.

Because the hinge component 3 or the flap 7 only in the swivel angle range 51 around the drive axle 20 can be pivoted, the coupling agent 40 not by pivoting the hinge component 3 in engagement with the recess 23 devices. But only by turning the drive shaft 20 in or against the direction of rotation 21 around a defined angle of rotation 50 becomes the recess 23 in alignment with the pen 40 arranged and this with the power of the spring 41 in a joining direction 32 into the recess 23 pressed. Here is the joining direction 32 here a radial direction to the drive axle 2 ,

The defined rotation angle 50 to the the drive shaft 20 for that against the hinge component 3 must be twisted by the distance that the recess 23 in or against the direction of rotation 21 to the pen 40 has determined. He is here 180 °. Is the distance of the recess 23 to the pen 40 in the direction of rotation 21 unequal to the distance from the direction of rotation 21 , so is the defined rotation angle 50 when turning in the direction of rotation 21 accordingly not equal to the defined angle of rotation 50 when turning against the direction of rotation 21 ,

The 1 (b) shows the adjustment drive 10 of the 1 (a) at around the defined rotation angle 50 twisted drive shaft 20 and engaged clutch. The pencil 40 engages in the recess 23 and connects the hinge component 3 positive fit with the drive shaft 20 , The recess 23 is sized so that it is about half the pin 40 records with the least possible play.

In this latched state of the clutch is the hinge member 3 or the flap attached to it 7 only together with the drive shaft 20 around the drive axle 2 rotatable. Therefore, the drive shaft 20 in this latched state only in the swivel angle range 51 around the drive axle 2 twisted. To open and close the flap 7 to enable is the drive motor 1 for driving the drive shaft 2 provided rotatable. Therefore, the opening and closing of the flap 7 also manually without electrically driven drive motor 1 possible, with the drive motor 1 at the same time. The manual opening and closing is therefore possible only with difficulty when the clutch is locked.

When in the 2 shown embodiment of the adjustment 10 is between the drive shaft 20 and the hinge component 3 an intermediate component 22 provided, the rotationally fixed to the drive shaft 20 can be arranged. The illustrations show a section through the adjusting drive 10 in an explosive state, in which the intermediate component 22 with the hinge component arranged on it 3 not yet to the drive shaft 20 is added.

2 (a) shows the adjustment drive 10 with the clutch in the unlatched state. The hinge component 3 is in the swivel angle range in this state 51 (S. 1 ) freely around the intermediate component 22 rotatable. An adjustment of the hinge component 3 arranged flap 7 is therefore easily possible.

That as a pen 40 trained coupling agent is in the recess 36 in the hinge component 3 arranged and is with the spring 41 in the joining direction 32 and against the intermediate component 22 pressed.

The intermediate component 22 is formed as a cylindrical sleeve and has a through hole in its center 24 on, for receiving the drive shaft 20 is provided. On an outer periphery (not labeled) of the sleeve is as a recess 23 trained counter-coupling means provided. As part of the 2 become the terms intermediate component 22 and sleeve used synonymously.

Analogous to the embodiment of the 1 are also in this embodiment, the coupling agent 40 and the counter-coupling agent 23 on opposite sides of the drive shaft 20 arranged and have the distance of 180 °. The defined rotation angle 50 to which the sleeve 22 opposite the hinge component 3 must be turned so that the clutch can engage, is therefore also here 180 °. In addition, here is the joining direction 32 a radial direction.

2 B) shows the adjustment drive 10 with locked clutch. The pencil 40 is with the power of the spring 41 into the recess 23 pressed. The sleeve 22 and the hinge component 3 are thus positively connected with each other. Because the sleeve 22 rotationally fixed to the drive shaft 20 is arranged, is the drive shaft 20 in this state only in the swivel angle range 51 in and against the direction of rotation 21 rotatable. Manual adjustment of the hinge component 3 or at the hinge component 3 attached flap 7 is only with simultaneous turning of the drive motor 1 , and therefore difficult, possible.

In contrast to the embodiments of the 1 and 2 show the 3 an embodiment of the adjustment 10 in which the joining direction 32 parallel to the drive shaft 20 runs.

This is due to the drive shaft 20 a rotatably connected thereto intermediate component 22 intended. The intermediate component 22 is here as a disk or a cam is formed. As part of the 3 Therefore, the terms intermediate component 22 and disc used synonymously.

In the disk 22 is a recess 26 for recording as a pen 40 trained coupling agent and the pen 40 in joining direction 32 pressing spring 41 intended. In the recess 26 are the pen 40 and the spring 41 arranged. The hinge component 3 has that as a recess 33 trained counter-coupling means on.

The hinge component 3 extends approximately parallel to the disc 22 and is about the drive axle 2 rotatably provided.

The area I) schematically shows the unlatched state of the coupling, in which the hinge component 3 in the swivel angle range 51 (S. 1 ) free and therefore smooth around the drive axle 2 is rotatable. In the unlatched state is the recess 33 around the defined angle of rotation 50 from 180 ° from the pin 40 spaced. The pencil 40 becomes in the axial direction against the hinge member 3 pressed.

The area II) shows the latched state of the coupling schematically. The disc 22 is opposite the unlatched state of the clutch together with the drive shaft 20 around the defined rotation angle range 50 rotated by 180 °. The pencil 40 reaches into the recess 33 , so that the clutch is locked. The hinge component 3 is therefore by means of the pen 40 positive fit with the disc 22 connected. When adjusting the hinge component or the flap 7 is therefore also the drive shaft 20 only in the swivel angle range 51 twisted. The manual adjustment is in and against the direction of rotation 21 , but only difficult, possible because of the drive motor 1 is turned along.

Before the engagement of the clutch is therefore in all embodiments shown a smooth pivoting of the hinge member 3 and shut up with him 7 possible. In this case, the engagement of the clutch is prevented by the coupling agent 40 in the swivel angle range 51 of the hinge component 3 but the counter-coupling means 23 . 33 in the rotation angle range 52 outside the swivel angle range 51 are arranged. Only at the first drive of the drive shaft 20 becomes the counter-coupling agent 23 . 33 sufficiently opposite to the coupling agent 40 twisted. This causes the coupling agent 40 and the counter-coupling agent 23 . 33 in alignment with each other so that they lock together.

In the unlocked state is the hinge component 3 swiveling, without the drive motor 1 to be connected. The twisting is therefore free and without turning the drive motor 1 possible. In the locked state is the hinge component 3 however, so with the drive motor 1 connected, that it only with co-rotation of the drive motor 1 is pivotable.

The assembly of the flap 7 can therefore be done in the unlatched state. Only towards the end of the production line when the flap 7 no longer needs to be opened and closed for assembly purposes, is the drive motor 1 operated and made the sluggish, locked state, in which the opening and closing with co-rotation of the drive motor 1 he follows.

The 4 shows an arrangement with a flap 7 and such an adjustment 10 , here a tailgate drive. The flap designed as a tailgate 7 is shown here schematically. In the following, the terms flap and tailgate as well as the terms adjustment drive and tailgate drive are used synonymously.

The adjustment drive 10 includes next to the drive motor 1 a gear arrangement 13 for reducing the speed of the drive motor 1 is provided. The gear arrangement 13 is preferably designed as a worm gear (not shown). In principle, however, differently designed gear arrangements can be used, for example a spur gear arrangement or a planetary gear arrangement. There are also combinations of such gear arrangements conceivable.

Unlike in the 2 and 3 Illustrated embodiments is the drive shaft 20 for driving the hinge component 3 Here therefore the output shaft (not shown) of the gear assembly 13 ,

For attaching the adjusting drive 10 is a first mounting plate 11 with a fixing bolt 12 on the adjustment drive 10 arranged. The fastening bolt 12 is on a body 72 (S. 4 ) of the motor vehicle 70 fixable and supports the torque of the drive motor 1 from.

To the drive axle 20 is as a hinge component 3 arranged a drive lever. The following are the terms hinge component 3 and drive lever used synonymously. The clutch is between the drive lever 3 and the drive shaft 20 intended. The drive lever 3 includes a second mounting plate 33 in which a second puncture 331 is provided with the drive lever 3 on a third mounting plate 61 a hinge 6 is fastened.

The third mounting plate 61 is non-rotatable on a hinge shaft 80 of the hinge 6 fastened around a hinge axis 8th is rotatable. The hinge shaft 80 therefore extends in the direction of the hinge axis 8th ,

There is also a third fastening bolt 62 on the hinge 6 arranged, with which this can be fixed to the body. To attach the second mounting plate 33 of the drive lever 3 on the third mounting plate 61 of the hinge 6 also has the third mounting plate 61 a third puncture 611 on. The fastening is therefore possible for example by rivets or screws. After attaching the second mounting plate 33 on the third mounting plate 61 this is by driving the drive shaft 20 around the hinge axis 8th rotatable.

The tailgate 7 is on the hinge 6 arranged. This is the third mounting plate 61 at least one, here two, four holes 612 provided that fixing the tailgate 7 on the third mounting plate 61 , For example by means of rivets or screws allow. After attaching the tailgate 7 on the third mounting plate 61 is the tailgate 7 therefore also by driving the drive shaft 20 around the hinge axis 8th swiveling

The tailgate 7 is preferably by means of two hinges 6 at the body 72 attached. The 4 (b) shows a view into a trunk of the motor vehicle 70 with the tailgate open 7 , For adjusting the tailgate 7 become two tailgate drives 10 used, namely for each hinge 6 one tailgate drive each 10 , Visible is the arrangement of the tailgate drives 10 at the body 72 of the motor vehicle 70 , They are here aligned with each other. To lift the tailgate 7 To simplify, are also two conventional gas springs 71 intended. The following is the assembly based on a hinge 6 and a tailgate drive 10 explained.

During assembly, the hinge is first 6 with the help of the third fastening bolt 62 fixed to the body. Then the tailgate drive 10 in a sliding direction 9 on the hinge 6 deferred, leaving the drive shaft 20 and the hinge shaft 80 be joined together. The hinge shaft 80 is in the assembled state, therefore, aligned with the drive shaft 20 arranged. The connection between the drive shaft 20 with the hinge shaft 80 is formed in a preferred embodiment so that a relative movement between the drive shaft 20 and the hinge shaft 80 is possible, for example by the drive shaft 20 an inner bore (not shown) and the hinge shaft 80 forms an abutment (not shown). The drive axle 2 is in the assembled state, therefore, the hinge axis 8th , In this case, the first fastening bolt 12 fixed to the body. Subsequently, the second mounting plate 33 on the third mounting plate 61 attached.

Attaching the tailgate 7 on the two third mounting plates 61 of the two hinges 6 is before or after mounting the tailgate drives 10 possible.

In this arrangement, the drive axles run 20 or the hinge axes 80 the tailgate drives 10 approximately parallel to the roadway 73 ,

Since the tailgate drives 10 after this assembly have not been driven electrically, the clutches between the drive levers 3 and the drive shafts 20 still unlatched, leaving the tailgate 7 is still operable without the drive motors 1 co-rotate. Only by the electric drive of the tailgate drives 10 become the drive shafts 20 twisted so that the clutches engage. This electric drive the tailgate drives 10 preferably takes place only at the end of the production line of the motor vehicle 70 so the tailgates 7 until then easy to operate for the technicians.

Claims (14)

Adjusting drive ( 10 ) for adjusting a flap ( 7 ) of a motor vehicle ( 70 ), in particular a tailgate, with a hinge component ( 3 ), on which the flap ( 7 ) is fastened, and a drive shaft ( 20 ), characterized in that between a hinge component ( 3 ) and the drive shaft ( 20 ) a coupling is provided, which upon rotation of the drive shaft ( 20 ) relative to the hinge component ( 3 ) by a rotation angle ( 50 ) engages. Adjusting drive according to claim 1, characterized in that the coupling is a coupling means ( 40 ) and a counter-coupling means ( 23 . 33 ), which cooperate with the clutch engaged and the drive shaft ( 20 ) positively and / or non-positively with the hinge component ( 3 ) connect. Adjusting drive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coupling agent ( 40 ) in a swivel angle range ( 51 ), in which the flap ( 7 ) around the drive shaft ( 20 ) - in particular in the mounted state of the adjusting drive ( 10 ) - is pivotable, and the counter-coupling means ( 23 . 33 ) in a rotation angle range ( 52 ) outside the pivoting range ( 51 ), are arranged. Adjusting drive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coupling agent ( 40 ) and the counter-coupling agent ( 23 . 33 ) on radially opposite sides of the drive shaft ( 20 ) are arranged. Adjusting drive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coupling agent ( 40 ) on the hinge component ( 3 ), wherein the counter-coupling means ( 23 . 33 ) on the drive shaft ( 20 ) or on a rotationally fixed to the drive shaft ( 20 ) connectable intermediate component ( 22 ), or vice versa. Adjusting drive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coupling agent ( 40 ) is a positive locking means, in particular a pin, wherein the counter-coupling means ( 23 . 33 ) is a recess. Adjusting drive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coupling is a force means ( 41 ), in particular a spring, comprising the coupling agent ( 40 ) in the recess ( 23 . 33 ) presses. Adjusting drive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coupling agent ( 40 ) when snapping into the recess ( 23 . 33 ) in the axial or radial direction to the drive shaft ( 20 ) adjusted. Adjusting drive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hinge component ( 3 ) non-rotatably with a hinge ( 6 ) connected is. Adjusting drive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hinge ( 6 ) a hinge shaft ( 80 ) which pivot about a hinge axis ( 8th ) is rotatable, wherein the flap ( 7 ) rotatably on the hinge shaft ( 80 ) is arranged. Adjusting drive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hinge shaft ( 80 ) in alignment with the drive shaft ( 20 ) is arranged and positively and / or non-positively connected thereto. Adjusting drive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a drive motor ( 1 ), in particular a DC motor or a synchronous machine, for driving the drive shaft ( 20 ). Adjusting drive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that between the drive motor ( 1 ) and the drive shaft ( 20 ) a gear arrangement ( 13 ), in particular a worm gear, is provided. Method for mounting an adjusting drive ( 10 ), in particular according to one of the preceding claims, for driving a flap ( 7 ) of a motor vehicle ( 70 ) is provided, in particular the tailgate, with the steps: • mounting the adjusting drive ( 10 ) to a body of a motor vehicle ( 70 ), and • mounting the flap ( 7 ) to a hinge component ( 3 ) of the adjusting drive ( 10 ), characterized in that a drive shaft ( 20 ) of the adjusting drive ( 10 ) at least one angle of rotation ( 50 ) relative to a hinge component ( 3 ) of the adjusting drive ( 10 ) is rotated, in particular is driven, so that a clutch of the adjustment ( 10 ) and the hinge component ( 3 ) with the drive shaft ( 20 ) connects positively and / or non-positively.

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