DE102013108451B4 - cross wedge rolling machine - Google Patents

Abstract

Cross-wedge rolling machine, having:- at least two working rolls (2, 3) which can be rotated or rotated in the same direction and can be fitted or fitted with tools (20, 21, 30, 31) for forming a workpiece (10.1 , 10.2);- at least one drive device for driving the drive rollers (2, 3) with one or more variable parameters, in particular with a variable speed (n);- at least one separating agent supply (22, 32) for supplying separating agent to the work rollers ( 2, 3) with an adjustable release agent output (SA);- a control and/or regulating device which is designed to control and/or regulate both the drive device and the release agent output (SA), the control and/or Control device controls the application of release agent (SA) depending on the one or more of the variable parameters and / or the contours of the tool and / or regulates, wherein the at least two work rolls (2, 3) are operated at at least two different speeds (n1, n2) n1, n2≠ 0 during a working revolution through 360° and the release agent output (SA) is in the range of a lower first speed (n1). a lower first value is controlled and / or regulated and that the release agent application (SA) in the range of a higher second speed (n2) is controlled and / or regulated to a higher second value.

Description

The present invention relates to a cross wedge rolling machine for cross wedge rolling.

From Scripture DE 103 19 258 A1 a rolling machine for forming a workpiece is known, the workpiece being arranged between at least two rotating rolls equipped with tools and which is suitable for cross rolling. In cross rolling, the workpiece does not move in a translatory manner to the rolls, as in other rolling processes, but only rotates around its own axis in the nip.

From KACHE, H.; STONIS, M.; BEHRENS, B.-A.: Flat-jaw cross wedge rollers for steel and aluminum. In: wt workshop technology online volume 102 (2012) H. 7/8. P. 473-479, it is known that when aluminum is cross-wedged, a lubricant or parting agent is required to prevent aluminum from adhering to the tool surface.

From Scripture EP 1 924 369 B1 a method for lubricating and cooling rolls and metal strip during rolling in a roll stand is known, in which the amount of lubricant is continuously calculated and metered using a physical calculation model so that it corresponds to the minimum amount of lubricant that is actually required for rolling .

In the case of cross wedge rolling, cross rolling is carried out with wedge-shaped profile tools arranged on the outer circumference of the rolls. The rollers with the profile tools rotate in the same direction around parallel axes of rotation. Viewed perpendicularly to the axis of rotation, the tools can have a wedge-shaped geometry or a triangular cross-section and can increase in their radial dimension along the circumference in one direction and/or run obliquely to the axis of rotation of the rollers.

Cross wedge rolling is usually used to form partial diameter reductions on cylindrical blanks or workpieces. In other words, the workpieces are partially tapered and lengthened at the same time.

When cross-wedge rolling of steel materials, lubrication with cooling lubricant is usually not necessary. In order to carry out cross wedge rolling of workpieces made of an aluminum material, it is necessary to provide a lubricant or a separating agent in order to prevent the material from adhering to the rolling tool.

The object of the invention is now to provide a cross wedge rolling machine that is equipped with an advantageous supply of release agent or coolant and/or lubricant to create minimal lubrication by applying a separating layer made of a fluid medium for the cross wedge rolling of workpieces from other Materials than steel, such as aluminum or aluminum materials, is provided, whereby adhesion is reduced or prevented, for example.

According to the invention, this object is achieved by a rolling machine having the features of patent claim 1 . Advantageous refinements and developments of the invention result from the dependent claims.

• - wenigstens zwei gleichsinnig rotierbare oder gleichsinnig rotierende, mit Werkzeugen bestückbare oder bestückte Arbeitswalzen zum Umformen eines zwischen den Arbeitswalzen anordenbaren oder angeordneten Werkstücks;
• - wenigstens eine Antriebseinrichtung zum Antreiben der Antriebswalzen mit einem oder mehreren variablen Parametern, insbesondere mit einer variablen Drehzahl;
• - wenigstens eine Trennmittelzuführung zur Zuführung von Trennmittel zu den Arbeitswalzen mit einer einstellbaren Trennmittelausbringung;
• - eine Steuer- und/oder Regeleinrichtung, die dazu ausgelegt ist sowohl die Antriebseinrichtung als auch die Trennmittelausbringung zu steuern und/oder zu regeln, wobei die Steuer- und/oder Regeleinrichtung die Trennmittelausbringung in Abhängigkeit von dem einen oder mehreren der variablen Parameter und/oder den Konturen des Werkzeugs, also beispielsweise den Aufweiteflanken und/oder den Kalibrierflanken, steuert und/oder regelt.

A cross wedge rolling machine designed according to the invention has:

• - at least two work rolls which can be rotated in the same direction or are rotating in the same direction and which can be fitted or fitted with tools for shaping a workpiece which can be arranged or is arranged between the work rolls;
• - At least one drive device for driving the drive rollers with one or more variable parameters, in particular with a variable speed;
• - At least one separating agent supply for supplying separating agent to the work rolls with an adjustable separating agent output;
• - a control and/or regulating device which is designed to control and/or regulate both the drive device and the dispensing of the release agent, the control and/or regulating device controlling the dispensing of the release agent as a function of one or more of the variable parameters and/or or the contours of the tool, ie for example the widening flanks and/or the calibration flanks, controls and/or regulates.

By controlling and/or regulating the application of the release agent, a defined quantity of release agent that is tailored to one or more process parameters can be applied. This makes it possible to apply a separating agent film or a separating agent layer with an approximately constant thickness, in particular to the relevant areas of the work roll, in particular widening flanks and/or calibrating flanks and/or widening surfaces and/or calibrating surfaces, even if certain process parameters such as the rotational speed or the angular velocity, but also the torque or the degree of deformation vary. It is also possible to use release agents only at the points to be provided where it is absolutely necessary for a certain process step. The friction between the workpiece and the tool is thus optimized during the forming process and tailored to the special requirements of the forming task. The term separating agent also includes agents with a cooling and/or lubricating effect, with the lubricating effect preferably being as low as possible in order to achieve optimum friction between the workpiece and the tool for movement transmission or entrainment of the workpiece.

In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, at least one of the tools is shaped in such a way that it has expanding flanks and/or calibrating flanks and/or expanding surfaces and/or calibrating surfaces for expanding and/or calibrating the workpiece, and the separating agent supply is arranged and/or controllable and/or in this way. or movable, so that release agent can be supplied essentially exclusively to the widening flanks and/or the calibrating flanks, ie the contours of the tool.

Flanking flanks (or: forming flanks) are to be understood in particular as those zones of the tool that cut orthogonally to the axis of rotation into the workpiece blank during cross wedge rolling and widen the incision parallel to the axis of rotation, which can result in material flow. Calibration flanks are to be understood as meaning those zones of the tool which essentially bring the workpiece into its final shape, in particular those surfaces of the workpiece which are not arranged parallel to the longitudinal axis of the workpiece. Expanding surfaces and calibrating surfaces are to be understood as meaning those zones that define the tapered diameter of the finished workpiece. Since it is primarily the widening flanks and calibrating flanks that contribute to the forming, it is advantageous to arrange the release agent supply in such a way that the widening flanks and calibrating flanks are essentially provided with the separating agent. The targeted application also saves release agent, which would otherwise end up in zones such as the expansion surfaces and calibration surfaces, which contribute little to the forming and whose wetting would therefore not be absolutely necessary.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the widening flanks and/or calibrating flanks and/or widening surfaces and/or calibrating surfaces have a structure, in particular lubrication pockets or profile structures.

In addition to the separating agent film applied to the tool, separating agent can be added to such lubricating pockets, which contributes to the lubrication during the forming process. In this way it can be ensured that the release agent film is continuously present or that the release agent film does not tear off.

Profile structures can be areas with a non-smooth, ie for example furrowed, wavy, bulged surface or provided with attachments or recesses, via which more drive power can be introduced into the workpiece due to the increased friction despite or without the applied separating layer. Such profile structures are particularly suitable at the start of the widening flanks and/or widening areas.

In a next advantageous embodiment, in one working revolution of the work roll, at least one of the tools is moved past at least one release agent feed, with the release agent output being reduced to a value SA with a resulting film thickness > 0, in particular a film thickness of 2 to 50 µm, preferably a film thickness of 5 to 40 µm, most preferably to a film thickness of 20 µm, is controlled and/or regulated when the at least one tool is moved past said release agent feed.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the separating agent feed is automatically moved according to the contours of the forming part of the tool, for example the widening flanks and/or the calibrating flanks, and/or only those feeds along the contours are activated from among a large number of feeds.

Such an embodiment of the invention is advantageous because parting agent is only supplied to the work roll where lubrication is necessary, namely where a tool is located and comes into contact with the workpiece. The tools used do not have to be arranged over the full circumference of the work roll, but can be mounted, for example, with interruptions or as several individual elements. The application of release agent can thus be specifically interrupted where no tool is arranged on the work roll, or is only applied where a tool requires release agent.

A further advantageous embodiment of the invention includes that at least one of the tools has at least one recess or interruption, with the application of the release agent being controlled and/or regulated to a value SA with a resulting film thickness = 0 if the at least one recess or interruption of the tool is in one working revolution of the work roll is moved past the separating agent supply.

This ensures that no release agent is applied to the work roll where no tool is provided.

According to the invention, both work rolls are operated at at least two different speeds n ₁ , n ₂ ≠0 during a work revolution through 360°.

With cross wedge rolling, it is advantageous to use two different speeds during one work cycle. For example, the work rolls can be operated at a lower speed while a workpiece is being fed. During the actual forming, the work cycle, the speed of the work rolls can then be increased. This results in a faster cycle time and enables advantageous automation.

According to the invention, release of release agent is controlled and/or regulated to a lower first value in the range of a lower first speed and release of release agent is controlled and/or regulated to a higher second value in the range of a higher second speed.

A further advantageous embodiment of the invention comprises that the release agent is discharged in the area of the lower first speed in the range between n ₁ =4 1/min and n ₁ =8.5 1/min, preferably at a speed of n=6.25 1/min. min, to a lower first value, in particular to a first value SA with a resulting film thickness of 2 to 5 µm, is controlled and/or regulated and that the release agent output in the area of the higher second speed is in the range between n ₂ = 35 1/min and n ₂ =45 rpm, preferably at a speed of n=40.167 rpm, is controlled and/or regulated to a higher second value, in particular to a second value SA with a resulting film thickness of 40 to 50 μm.

In this way, a continuous lubricating film can be applied to the area of the tool to be lubricated, the thickness of which is independent of the movement speed of the tool moving past the separating agent feed and could also be kept constant. The application of release agent is adapted to the speed of movement of the work roll and the tool connected to it and preferably follows this in a linear/proportional manner. In this way, optimized lubrication is achieved.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, a working revolution of a work roll comprises at least the working sections "insertion angle", "acceleration angle", "angle of maximum speed" and "braking angle", with the workpiece being fed between the tools within the working section "insertion angle", where the workpiece is formed between the tools within the work sections "acceleration angle" and/or "angle of maximum speed" and the workpiece is removed from the area between the tools within the work section "deceleration angle".

In a further advantageous embodiment, the application of the release agent is reduced or stopped completely before the “braking angle” working section is reached. As a result, the parting agent that has already been applied in the previous work sections is used.

In such a configuration, a working cycle is defined that allows rapid and reliable reshaping. In conjunction with appropriate lubrication, it is possible for the lubrication to be controlled and/or regulated during the insertion of the workpiece and the removal of the workpiece, so that at the beginning of the forming process, during the working sections "Acceleration angle" and/or "Angle of the maximum speed", the tool can be moved to the for zones relevant to the forming process are lubricated. A fast, reliable and release agent-saving application is thus made possible.

• - Einführen eines Werkstücks zwischen die Arbeitswalzen während des Arbeitsabschnitts „Einschubwinkel“, wobei wenigstens eine, vorzugsweise zwei, Arbeitswalzen eine Drehzahl größer 0 1/min aufweisen;
• - Beschleunigen wenigstens einer, vorzugsweise zweier, Arbeitswalze während des Arbeitsabschnitts von einer niedrigeren Drehzahl auf eine höhere Drehzahl;
• - Fahren der einen, vorzugsweise zweier, Arbeitswalzen während des Arbeitsabschnitts „Winkel der maximalen Drehzahl“ mit einer höheren Drehzahl;
• - Abbremsen der einen, vorzugsweise zweier, Arbeitswalze(n) während des Arbeitsabschnitts „Bremswinkel“ von der höheren Drehzahl auf eine niedrigere Drehzahl;
• - wobei wenigstens einer, vorzugsweise zweien, Arbeitswalzen Trennmittel zugeführt wird und wobei die Trennmittelausbringung erhöht ist, wenn die Arbeitswalze mit einer höheren Drehzahl betrieben wird und wobei die Trennmittelausbringung reduziert ist, wenn die Arbeitswalze mit einer niedrigeren Drehzahl betrieben wird und/oder
• - wobei die Trennmittelausbringung automatisch entsprechend zu den Konturen des umformenden Teils des Werkzeugs, beispielsweise den Aufweiteflanken und/oder den Kalibrierflanken, bewegt wird und/oder unter einer Vielzahl von Zuführungen nur die entlang der Konturen aktiviert werden.

Furthermore, a method for cross wedge rolling with a cross wedge rolling machine is disclosed, which has at least two work rolls and wherein at least one work roll comprises at least the working sections “insertion angle”, “acceleration angle”, “angle of the maximum speed” and “brake angle”, in particular with a cross wedge rolling machine according to one of the preceding claims, comprises the following steps:

• - Insertion of a workpiece between the work rolls during the work section "insertion angle", with at least one, preferably two, work rolls having a speed greater than 0 1/min;
• - Accelerating at least one, preferably two, work rolls during the working section from a lower speed to a higher speed;
• - Driving one, preferably two, work rolls during the work section "angle of the maximum speed" at a higher speed;
• - Braking one, preferably two, work roll(s) during the working section "brake angle" from the higher speed to a lower speed;
• - wherein at least one, preferably two, work rolls is supplied with release agent and wherein the release agent output is increased when the work roll is operated at a higher speed and wherein the release agent output is reduced when the work roll is operated at a lower speed and/or
• - wherein the application of release agent is automatically moved according to the contours of the forming part of the tool, for example the widening flanks and/or the calibrating flanks, and/or only those along the contours are activated from among a large number of feeds.

In such a method, the lubrication of the forming tool is adapted to the moving speed and shape of the forming tool. This achieves an even release agent film on the tool surface. An optimized lubrication with a continuous release agent film of constant thickness is provided.

In an advantageous embodiment of the method, the application of release agent releases release agent when a widening flank and/or a calibration flank of a tool arranged on the work roll passes a release agent feed, and ends the release agent application when no widening flank and/or calibration flank of a tool arranged on the work roll passes a release agent feed happened.

In this way, the application of the release agent is adapted to the design of the tool. Release agent is only supplied in a targeted manner to the tool zones that need to be lubricated and, advantageously, little release agent is required. In addition, the lubrication can be adapted to different tools.

• 1 eine Walzmaschine mit zwei Walzen und einem gemeinsamen Antrieb in einer teilweise geschnittenen Längsansicht gemäß dem Stand der Technik;
• 2 ein Werkzeug für eine Walze in abgewickelter Darstellung mit einem Werkstück gemäß dem Stand der Technik;
• 3 zwei Walzen einer Walzmaschine mit symbolhafter Trennmittelzuführung in einer geschnittenen Ansicht;
• 4 zwei Walzen einer Walzmaschine mit symbolhafter Trennmittelzuführung nach einer weiteren Ausführungsform in einer geschnittenen Ansicht;
• 5 ein Diagramm zur Veranschaulichung des Drehzahlverlaufs in Verbindung mit der Trennmittelzuführung;
• 6 ein Diagramm zur Veranschaulichung des Verlaufs der Winkelgeschwindigkeit in Verbindung mit der Trennmittelzuführung;
• 7 ein Werkzeugschmierungsmodul für die Anbringung an einer Walzmaschine nach 1, bestehend aus einer oberen und einer unteren Werkzeugschmierung
• 8 eine Seitenansicht der Trennmittelzuführung der 6
• 9 eine vergrößerte, perspektivische Darstellung der unteren Werkzeugschmierung der 6
• 10 eine vergrößerte, perspektivische Darstellung der unteren Werkzeugschmierung in einer weiteren Ausführungsform

The invention will now be explained in more detail using exemplary embodiments, reference being made to the accompanying drawings. They each show in a schematic representation:

• 1 a rolling machine with two rolls and a common drive in a partially sectioned longitudinal view according to the prior art;
• 2 a tool for a roller in a developed view with a workpiece according to the prior art;
• 3 two rolls of a rolling machine with symbolic release agent supply in a sectional view;
• 4 two rollers of a rolling machine with symbolic separating agent feed according to a further embodiment in a sectional view;
• 5 a diagram to illustrate the speed curve in connection with the release agent supply;
• 6 a diagram to illustrate the course of the angular velocity in connection with the supply of release agent;
• 7 a tool lubrication module for attachment to a rolling machine 1 , consisting of an upper and a lower tool lubrication
• 8th a side view of the release agent feed 6
• 9 an enlarged perspective view of the lower tool lubrication of FIG 6
• 10 an enlarged perspective view of the lower tool lubrication in a further embodiment

1 shows a known embodiment of a rolling machine 1 with work rolls 2, 3, which are designed as cross wedge rolls. The work rolls 2, 3 are rotatably or rotatably mounted about a respective axis of rotation A, B. Axes of rotation A, B are arranged essentially parallel to one another, in the example of 1 seen in the direction of gravity one above the other, so that the work rolls 2, 3 are arranged one above the other. The work rolls 2, 3 have a substantially cylindrical outer surface. The distance between the cylindrical outer surfaces of the two work rolls 2, 3 is denoted by W.

On the outer surface or lateral surface of the work rolls 2 and 3 are wedge-shaped tools 20, 21, 30, 31 are each fixed in cross-section, in particular braced. In the illustrated embodiment, the tools 20, 21 of the first work roll 2 and the tools 30, 31 of the second work roll 3 are each arranged obliquely at an angle to the respective axis of rotation A, B, with the tools 20, 21 of the work roll 2 relative to the between both rolls parallel to the axes of rotation, the central axis M defining the geometric center are arranged axially in substantially the same positions. The tools 20, 21, 30, 31 increase in their cross-section viewed in the circumferential direction, the increase in cross-section being in the same direction of rotation or orientation for the tools 20, 21 and in the opposite direction or in the opposite direction for the tools 30, 31 of the second work roll 3 to that of the tools 20, 21 of the first work roll.

In the structure shown here, a gear wheel 18, 19 is connected to a work roll 2, 3 and is driven by a drive motor 4 via a control gear wheel 5. However, it is also possible to provide a direct drive with one drive motor each, preferably a torque motor, for each work roll and then to couple them electronically.

The transmission ratio from the control gear 5 to the gears 18 and 19 can thus be selected in the range around 1, in particular between about 1:1 and about 1:2. With a transmission ratio of 2, the drive rollers 2 and 3 rotate twice as fast as that Control gear 5 and the drive motor 4, with a transmission ratio of 1: 1 just as fast. Typical speeds of the work rolls 2 and 3 are between about 10 revolutions per minute (rpm) and about 40 rpm, typically at 15 rpm and/or 1.5 m/s peripheral speed.

A very dynamic adjustment or control or regulation of the speed of the work rolls 2 and 3 can now be realized with such a low-speed drive motor 4 or one rotating at a low speed.

2 shows the tool 20 for a roller in a developed representation. The design of the tool 20 after 2 is only shown as an example and is intended to facilitate understanding of the invention and the effect of the invention. However, the idea of the invention can easily be transferred to tools with other tool geometries. Such a tool 20 interacts with the opposite tool 30 during the forming process, so the workpiece 10.1, 10.2 is grasped and formed by the tools 20, 30 on two opposite sides. The structure of the tool 20 can be seen from the figure, the opposing tool 30 can be identically shaped. The tool 20 has a base body 20.7 which can be detachably fastened to the work roll 2 . The tool 20 can thus easily be exchanged for another tool, for example for a different forming task. The base body 20.7 forms a base surface 20.8 from which a formed body is formed in a raised manner.

This deformed body has a section with a triangular geometry in plan view and a section with a quadrangular geometry in plan view, the boundary of which is in 2 indicated by the unmarked dashed line. The deformed body section with a triangular geometry is defined by an expanding surface 20.4 and first and second expanding flanks 20.5 and 20.6, the deformed body section with a quadrangular geometry is defined by a calibration surface 20.1 with a first and a second calibration flank 20.2, 20.3. These can be flanked on one or both sides by further calibration surfaces 20.9.

A cylindrical workpiece 10.1 is shown in the front, lower area of this drawing in its form before the deformation process. After completion of the deformation process, the workpiece has the shape shown in the upper, rear area of the drawing based on the cylindrical workpiece 10.2. The workpiece is lengthened and tapered in sections by the forming process with the tool 20 and a corresponding counter-tool 30 on the work rolls 2, 3.

In a tool-workpiece configuration such as that illustrated, the workpiece undergoes plastic deformation, causing the workpiece material to flow. The highest degree of plastic deformation during forming occurs on the workpiece 10 when it is caught by the first and second widening flank 20.5, 20.6. Material is displaced by the widening flanks 20.5, 20.6, ie the material flows. Since this flow occurs at least to a certain substantial extent parallel or at an angle to the surface of the first and second widening flanks 20.5, 20.6, there is increased friction particularly on the contact surfaces of the widening flanks 20.5, 20.6 with the material of the workpiece 10. Especially with aluminum materials, this increased friction leads to the workpiece material sticking and, as a result, to a reduced surface quality of the formed workpiece. For this reason, the use of a release agent is necessary, particularly with aluminum materials, in order to prevent the material from adhering to the tool. Such a release agent has a lubricating as well as a cooling effect in addition to the release effect. The separating effect is achieved by setting a separating film on the tool surfaces with which the workpiece comes into contact.

At the same time, a certain amount of friction is required since the workpiece 10 is to be moved by the tool 20. Since the lubricating effect of the separating agent reduces friction, groove-shaped profile structures 25 can be provided on the tool 20, which improve the entrainment of the workpiece 10 by the tool 10. Depending on the type and dimensions of the workpiece and the forming process, the release agent can have more or less pronounced lubricating and/or cooling properties. The aim is that the workpiece 10 rotates between the work rolls 2, 3 without slippage.

In the area of the first and second calibration flank 20.2, 20.3, the degree of plastic deformation is somewhat lower than in the areas of the widening flanks 20.5, 20.6, although increased friction with the negative effects mentioned above also occurs here. In the areas between the expansion surfaces 20.4 of the tools 20, 30 or the calibration surfaces 20.1 of the tools 20, 30, the direction of the forming force that the tools 20, 30 exert on the workpiece is essentially perpendicular to the workpiece surface, so that the flow of the material has the lowest degree parallel to the tool surface in these areas. Consequently, the friction between the workpiece and the tools 20, 30 is lower in these areas than on the tool flanks.

In order to reduce the negative effect of friction, ie the adhesion of the material to the tool 20, the supply of separating agent is provided, by which the friction is reduced. The separating agent is supplied in such a way that a large quantity of separating agent is supplied to the first widening flank 20.5 and the second widening flank 20.6 and a smaller quantity of separating agent is supplied to the first and the second calibrating flank 20.2, 20.3. The expanding surface 20.4 and the calibrating surface 20.1 are supplied with as little release agent as possible.

3 1 shows a symbolic representation of two rolls 2, 3 with release agent feeds 22, 32. The work rolls 2, 3 each have a tool 20, 30, each with a widening surface 20.4, 30.4 and a calibration surface 20.1, 30.1. The release agent feeds 22, 32 are arranged in such a way that the released release agent hits the widening flanks 20.5, 20.6 or the calibrating flanks 20.2, 20.3 when the tools 20, 30 move past the release agent feeds 22, 32 as the work rolls 2, 3 rotate. A specially assigned separating agent feed 22, 32 can be provided for each widening flank 20.5, 20.6 and/or for each calibration flank 20.2, 20.3. The release agent feeds 22, 32 are preferably inclined to the surface of the respective tool 20, 30 that the supplied release agent essentially flows onto the tool surface and is not sprayed when it hits the tool surface.

4 also symbolically represents the in 7 and 8th illustrated embodiment, in which the release agent supplies 22, 32 are arranged on the same side of the work rolls 2, 3, ie not opposite one another. Since the work rolls 2, 3 rotate in the same direction of rotation, the application of release agent SA for each release agent supply 22, 32 must be started at different times and controlled accordingly, since one tool follows the other tool by almost a full revolution.

The rollers 2, 3 are in the configuration shown at time t=0 according to FIG 5 or φ=0 according to 6 . 5 shows the course of the speed of a work roll 2, 3. The times and values depend on the tool geometry, the resulting working speed of the tool and the degree of deformation achieved.

During a work cycle with cycle time t _cycle , the _insertion of the workpiece into the working position between the rollers 2, 3 begins at time _t =0 insertion device shown is synchronized with the rolling machine 1 so that the workpiece is fed within the insertion time t _insertion . At the end of the insertion time t _Ein-schub , the rollers 2, 3 during the acceleration time t _Acc , z. t _accel =0.2 seconds, from a relatively low speed, e.g. B. n = 6.251 per minute to the working speed, z. B. n = 40.167 accelerated per minute. At the end of the insertion time t _insertion , the workpiece is gripped by the tools 2, 3 and deformation begins. After the end of the acceleration time t _Acc , the work rolls 2, 3 are operated at a maximum speed n=50, specifically over the time of the maximum speed t _nmax , for example t _nmax =1.6 seconds. After the end of the maximum speed t _nmax , the braking time t _brake begins, for example with t _brake = 0.2 seconds, during which the work roll 2, 3 is braked and at the end of which the low speed n=6.251 per minute is reached again and the insertion time t _insertion of the next measure begins.

The braking time t _brake is matched to the tool 30 of the lower work roll 3 in the direction of gravity in such a way that the workpiece 10.2 is moved beyond the final limit 15 of the tool at the start of the braking time t _brake and falls into an ejection recess 16. When the work roll 3 continues to rotate, the workpiece 10.2 is conveyed by gravity to a transport device (not shown), which conveys the workpiece 10.2 further for further processing.

The release agent output SA is, as in 4 shown, controlled as a function of the speed n. For example, the release agent output can be specified in grams per second. At the beginning of the insertion time t _insertion , the separating agent output is set or regulated to a value of SA=SA2. The release agent feeds 22, 32 are symbolic in this representation ment of 3 so arranged to the work rolls 2, 3 and the tools 20, 30 that at the beginning of the insertion time t _Einschub = 0 the release agent feeds 22, 32 immediately adjacent to the widening sections of the tools 20, 30, in particular in the direction of rotation R ₂ , R ₃ immediately before the widening sections, ie the widening flanks 20.5, 20.6 and the widening surface 20.4 are arranged.

If, in this arrangement, the release agent output SA is set from SA=0 to SA=SA1 at time t _insertion =0, the widening flanks 20.5, 20.6 and calibration flanks 20.2, 20.3 pass the release agent feeds 22, 32 at a speed n=6.25 moved and wetted with release agent. At time t _accel =0, release agent output SA is increased from SA1 to SA2, since tools 20, 30 move faster past release agent feeds 22, 32 due to the increased speed. In order to achieve a constant release agent film, in particular with a constant thickness, on the widening flanks 20.5, 20.6 and calibration flanks 20.2, 20.3, the release agent output SA is increased accordingly.

As soon as the closing limit 15 of the tool 20, 30 has passed the release agent feed 22, 32, for example at approx. t _nmax =1.0 seconds, the release agent output SA is set to SA=0. This avoids the tool-free sections of the work rolls 2, 3, in particular the ejection recess 16, being flushed with release agent and thus wasting release agent. At the start of the next work cycle, the release agent feed cycle is repeated.

In 6 the principle of the invention is shown as a function of the angular position ϕ and the angular velocity ω and essentially corresponds to that in 5 illustrated principle. The times at which the release agent output SA changes are of course dependent on the positions of the release agent feeds 22, 32. These can also vary depending on the work roll, as is symbolically shown in FIG 4 shown.

in the in 3 In the embodiment shown, the release agent feeds 22, 32 are arranged such that the release agent output SA is set to a value SA=SA1, while the work roll 2, 3 runs through the insertion angle φ _insertion at a relatively low angular velocity ω=0.045 1/s. With the increase in the angular velocity ω to ω=4.206 1/s, the separating agent output SA is also increased to SA=SA2 in order to achieve a constant separating agent film on the tools 20, 30. When the final boundary 15 of the tool 20, 30 is passed, the application of the separating agent SA is also set to SA=0 until the start of the next work cycle and is thus stopped. The sizes of the angles of the maximum speed φ _nmax , insertion angle φ _insertion , acceleration angle φ _accel and braking angle φ _brake are matched to the radius of the work rolls 2, 3 and the dimensioning and shape of the tools 20, 30 and can vary depending on the forming task.

In addition or as an alternative, it is possible to empirically determine the desired layer thicknesses for a constant release agent film and to store this empirical data in the machine control system. The thickness of the release agent film results from the release agent output SA and a corresponding angular velocity ω.

In 7 FIG. 1 shows a tool lubrication module 60 for attachment to a rolling mill 1 shown. This module consists of vertical supports 61, 62 to which upper 70 and lower 80 tool lubrication is attached. Each tool lube 70, 80 is attached to one vertical support 60 by a pivot bracket 73, 83 on one side and to the other support 61 by a fastener 74, 78 on the other side. These fixations 74, 84 are detachable, so that the tool lubrication 70, 80 can be pivoted, for example for maintenance purposes. The module 60 itself is either attached to the machine bed in front of/behind the rolling machine 1 or mounted on its front/back.

In further embodiments not shown here, the tool lubrications 70, 80 can of course be fixed on the vertical supports 61, 62 so that they cannot pivot on both sides. The modular structure can also be dispensed with and the tool lubrication systems 70, 80 can be attached directly to the rolling machine 1. It is also possible to lubricate only the upper or only the lower roll and/or to attach the tool lubrication 70, 80 to the front and/or rear of the rolling machine 1. The symbolic representation in 3 shows, for example, a release agent feed 22 on one side and a release agent feed 32 on the opposite side of the rolling machine 1.

In 8th A cross-sectional side view of the tool lubrication module 60 is shown. It can be seen here how the release agent feeds 22, 32 are aligned with the rollers.

In 9 shows an enlarged perspective representation of the lower tool lubrication 80 from its side facing the rolling machine 1 . The swivel mount 83 is not shown here. Each tool lubrication 70, 80 includes at least one, preferably two or more slides, of which the lower left 81 and right 82 slides are shown here. These carriages can be moved laterally, for example by linear units, and carry the separating agent feeds 22, 32 in the form of nozzles. In this embodiment, the lower parting agent feed 22 consists of two separate nozzles, each of which can be displaced on a slide 81, 82 by a linear unit and can thus follow the contours of the forming part of the tool, for example the widening flanks and/or the calibration flanks. Depending on the application, several nozzles can also be attached to one carriage and/or more than two carriages can be present. With such a configuration, more than two tool contours could be followed simultaneously.

In 10 shows an enlarged, perspective representation of the lower tool lubrication 80 from its side facing the rolling machine 1, in a further embodiment. The swivel mount 83 is not shown here. In this embodiment, the slides and linear units were omitted. The separating agent supply 22 consists of a large number of nozzles which are preferably arranged next to one another at the same height. The nozzles are all individually controllable and can be individually charged with release agent. It is thus possible to follow the contours of the forming part of the tool, for example the widening flanks and/or the calibrating flanks, without parts having to be moved. This embodiment is particularly suitable for very fast rolling machines or harsh environments. Of course, more than one pair of nozzles can also be controlled here, which means that several tool contours can be followed.
Release agent and coolant can be introduced one after the other or in parallel via the release agent feeds. The separating agent supply can also be subjected to different pressures.
The contours of the tool, for example the widening flanks 20.5, 20.6 and/or the calibrating flanks 20.2, 20.3, are usually specified for the control and/or regulating device in the program sequence. However, there is also the possibility of detecting the contours with detection devices, for example a laser distance measurement or a camera, and therefore following them dynamically or pre-controlling them.

Reference List

1

rolling machine

2.3

stripper

4

drive motor

5

timing gear

6

carrier device

6A, 6B

carrier element

6E

bottom plate

9

worm wheel

10.1

Workpiece before deformation

10.2

Workpiece after deformation

12

holding device

13

holding device

15

Completion Limit

16

ejection recess

18, 19

gear

20, 21

Tool

20.1

calibration surface

20.2

first calibration edge

20.3

second calibration edge

20.4

expansion surface

20.5

first widening flank

20.6

second widening flank

20.7

body

20.8

base surface

20.9

flanking calibration surface

22

release agent supply

30, 31

Tool

32

release agent supply

45

output shaft

50

floor

60

tool lubrication module

61

vertical support left

62

vertical support on the right

70

upper tool lubrication

71

slide top left

72

slide top right

73

Swivel mount above

74

fixation above

80

lower tool lubrication

81

Slide bottom left

82

Sled bottom right

83

Swivel mount below

84

fixation below

AWAY

axis of rotation

C D

drive axle

M

central axis

R

axis of rotation

w

tool spacing

W

roll spacing

R2,R3

directions of rotation of the rollers

SA

release agent application

n, n1, n2

tclock

cycle time

tnmax

Time of maximum speed

tslot

insertion time

tacceleration

acceleration time

tbrake

deceleration time

ϕn max

Maximum speed angle

ϕ slot

insertion angle

ϕacceleration

acceleration angle

ϕbrake

braking angle

Claims (11)

Cross wedge rolling machine, having: - at least two working rolls (2, 3) which can be rotated in the same direction or are rotating in the same direction and which can be fitted or fitted with tools (20, 21, 30, 31) for forming a workpiece (10.1 , 10.2); - At least one drive device for driving the drive rollers (2, 3) with one or more variable parameters, in particular with a variable speed (n); - At least one release agent supply (22, 32) for supplying release agent to the work rolls (2, 3) with an adjustable release agent output (SA); - a control and/or regulating device which is designed to control and/or regulate both the drive device and the release agent output (SA), the control and/or regulating device controlling the release agent output (SA) as a function of one or controls and/or regulates several of the variable parameters and/or the contours of the tool, the at least two work rolls (2, 3) rotating through 360° with at least two different speeds (n ₁ , n ₂ ) n ₁ , n ₂ ≠ 0 and wherein the release agent output (SA) in the range of a lower first speed (n ₁ ) is controlled and/or regulated to a lower first value and that the release agent output (SA) in the range of a higher second speed (n ₂ ) is controlled and/or regulated to a higher second value. cross wedge rolling machine claim 1 , characterized in that at least one of the tools (20, 21, 30, 31) is shaped in such a way that it has widening flanks (20.5, 20.6) and/or calibrating flanks (20.2, 20.3) and/or widening surfaces (20.4) and/or calibrating surfaces (20.1, 20.9) for expanding and/or calibrating the workpiece (10.1, 10.2) and the separating agent supply (22, 32) is arranged and/or positionable in such a way that separating agent essentially exclusively reaches the expanding surfaces (20.4) and/or calibrating surfaces ( 20.1, 20.9), in particular the widening flanks (20.5, 20.6) and/or the calibrating flanks (20.2, 20.3). cross wedge rolling machine claim 2 , characterized in that the widening flanks (20.5, 20.6) and/or calibrating flanks (20.2, 20.3) and/or widening surfaces (20.4) and/or calibrating surfaces (20.1, 20.9) have profile structures (25) and/or a structure, in particular lubrication pockets, exhibit. Cross wedge rolling machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in one working revolution of the work roll (2, 3) at least one of the tools (20, 21, 30, 31) is moved past at least one release agent feed (22, 32), the release agent discharge ( SA) is controlled and/or regulated to a value SA with a resulting film thickness > 0, in particular a film thickness of 2 to 50 μm, preferably a film thickness of 5 to 40 μm, most preferably a film thickness of 20 μm, if the at least one tool (20, 21, 30, 31) is moved past said release agent feed (22, 32). Cross wedge rolling machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one of the tools (20, 21, 30, 31) has at least one recess or interruption (16), the release agent output (SA) being reduced to a value SA with a resulting film thickness = 0 is controlled and/or regulated when the at least one recess or interruption (16) of the tool (20, 21, 30, 31) is moved past the separating agent supply (22, 32) in one working revolution of the working roller (2, 3). cross wedge rolling machine claim 1 , characterized in that the release agent application (SA) in the area of the lower first speed (n ₁ ) in the range between n ₁ = 4 1/min and n ₁ = 8.5 1/min, preferably at a speed of n = 6, 25 rpm, to a lower first Value, in particular to a first value (SA1) with a resulting film thickness of 2 to 5 µm, is controlled and / or regulated and that the release agent output (SA) in the higher second speed range (n ₂ ) in the range between n ₂ = 35 1/min and n ₂ = 45 1/min, preferably at a speed of n = 40.167 1/min, to a higher second value, in particular to a second value (SA2) with a resulting film thickness of 40 to 50 µm and/or or is regulated. Cross-wedge rolling machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that one working revolution of a work roll (2, 3) includes at least the working sections "insertion angle" (ϕ _insertion ), "acceleration angle" (ϕ _Beschl ), "angle of maximum speed" (ϕ _nmax ) and "Braking angle" (ϕ _braking ) includes, wherein the workpiece (10.1, 10.2) between the tools (20, 30, 21, 31) within the working section "insertion angle" (ϕ _insertion ) is fed, wherein the workpiece (10.1, 10.2) between which the tools (20, 30, 21, 31) are formed within the work sections "acceleration angle" (ϕ _Acc ) and/or angle of the maximum speed (ϕ _nmax ) and the workpiece (10.1, 10.2) within the work section "brake angle “ (ϕ _Brems ) is discharged from the area between the tools (20, 30, 21, 31). Cross wedge rolling machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the parting agent feed (22, 32) can be displaced essentially parallel to the roll axis of rotation (A) and corresponding to the contours of the forming part of the tool, for example the widening flanks (20.5, 20.6) and/or the Calibration flanks (20.2, 20.3) and/or expansion surfaces (20.4) and/or calibration surfaces (20.1, 20.9) can follow, follows or is precontrolled. Cross wedge rolling machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one, preferably two, tool lubrication systems (70, 80) are provided, which can be arranged on, in front of or behind a cross wedge rolling machine (1) and in each case at least one, preferably two, separating agent feeds (22, 32 ) in the form of at least one, preferably two nozzles on at least one, preferably two laterally displaceable slides (71, 72, 81, 82), preferably movable by linear units. Cross wedge rolling machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one, preferably two, tool lubrication systems (70, 80) are provided, which can be arranged on, in front of or behind a cross wedge rolling machine (1) and in each case at least one, preferably two, separating agent feeds (22, 32 ) in the form of at least two, preferably six, side-by-side nozzles that can be controlled individually. Cross wedge rolling machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the contours of the tool, for example the widening flanks (20.5, 20.6) and/or the calibrating flanks (20.2, 20.3), are specified for the control and/or regulating device in the program sequence and/or be detected with detection devices, for example a laser distance measurement or a camera.

Images