DE102013009486B3 - tree stand - Google Patents

Abstract

An improved stand of mast- or rod-shaped parts, in particular Christmas trees, is characterized by the following features: - The holding elements (30) each comprise a positioning lever (40) with a guide device (41), by means of which the power transmission device (70) is guided and via which a force directed onto the bottom plate (3) can be exerted by the force transmission device (70) on the setting lever (40), and a support lever (42); - Each setting lever (40) is pivotally connected to a respective holding element (30) about a first horizontal axis (43) pivotally, and each raising lever (40) is additionally provided with a respective support lever (42) to a first horizontal axis (43) parallel offset second Horizontal axis (44) pivotally connected pivotally; - The support lever (42) are each at least indirectly supported on the bottom plate (3); - Each support member (30) is in each case between two with the bottom plate (3) connected deflection means (80) arranged, each of which the power transmission device (70) at a first vertical distance from the bottom plate (3) and deflect; and - one of the setting lever (40) and the support lever (42) included angle (α) is selected so that by pivoting a retaining element (30) in the direction of its release position, the angle (α) between the setting lever (40) and Support lever (42) changed such that the raising lever (40) and guided in the guide means (41) power transmission means (70) are pivoted away from the bottom plate (3) and a second vertical distance of the power transmission device (70) and / or the guide means (41) to the bottom plate (3) is greater than the first vertical distance.

Description

The present invention relates to a stand for clamping mast or rod-shaped parts according to the preamble of claim 1.

A Christmas tree stand is for example from the DE 39 32 473 C2 known. It comprises a receptacle on which several lying in the circumferential direction are arranged each pivotable about a horizontal axis levers. The levers are connected to each other via a revolving tensioning cable, which leads to a tensioning device. By operating the tensioning device, the levers are moved about their respective horizontal axes toward a trunk of a tree inserted in the middle, the levers being arranged and aligned such that the levers are respectively moved more or less towards the vertical axis of symmetry of a log to be adjusted ,

A disadvantage of this so-called functional tree stand, however, is that the assembly work of the entire Christmas tree stand including the mounting of the holding device with the associated pivot axes, clamping device, etc. labor-and thus time-consuming and expensive. Furthermore, the assurance of the holding Christmas tree is very expensive, because the Christmas tree must be set as vertically as possible in the space provided and then while holding the Christmas tree, the clamping device must be operated several times and thus pump-like, so that the holding elements put the trunk of the Christmas tree. This pump-like operation of the clamping device is necessary because the Christmas tree stand described and the length of its tensioning cable are designed so that different thickness stem diameter can be fixed by the Christmas tree stand. However, this has the consequence that in a Christmas tree with a small diameter relatively much of the tensioning cable must be rolled up by the clamping device, so that the clamping device must be operated several times like a pump.

Furthermore, the pump-like operation of the clamping device is necessary to exert sufficient force on the tensioning cable, because the tensioning cable leads through each upper lever arms of the pivotable lever, and thus a reliable backup of the trunk is ensured by the pivotable lever, must be repeated by pressing the clamping device Tensioning rope are very tight.

The post-published DE 10 2012 000 456 A1 discloses a stand for mounting mast or bar-shaped parts according to the preamble of claim 1 of the present invention. So that the stand can be used for different trunk diameter, with only a single stroke of a clamping lever for fixing a trunk is necessary, is in the DE 10 2012 000 456 A1 a Bewegungsbahnverlängerungseinrichtung provided which is connected in the space between two deflection or support means with the bottom plate and with the pulling device. The movement path extension device causes when transferring the securing device from the Endicherungsstellung in a securing position to the pulling direction of the traction device transverse deflection of the pulling device, so that increases the length of the trajectory of the pulling device between the two deflection or support means to a greater length than the initial length.

The DE 203 20 092 U1 discloses a Christmas tree stand according to the preamble of claim 1 of the present invention. The securing device is designed in the form of a tensioning wheel. Furthermore, a force transmission element is provided for actuating the holding elements, which is coupled to a holding element and with the power transmission device.

Object of the present invention is to provide, starting from the generic state of the art an improved stand for clamping mast or rod-shaped parts, especially of Christmas trees, in which the clamping force of a power transmission device, for example in the form of a tensioning cable more effective on the respective holding elements of the stand can be transferred. Furthermore, the stability and longevity of the stand should be increased.

The object is achieved according to the invention specified in claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.

The stand according to the invention comprises a base plate, at least two retaining elements adjoining a receiving space for receiving the mast or rod-shaped part, a securing device and a flexible force transmission device. The holding elements are arranged angularly offset about a central axis of the receiving space and pivotable about a horizontal pivot axis or a pivot axis with a horizontal component away from the central axis in the direction of a release position and on the central axis in the direction of a fixing position. The power transmission device, which may be designed, for example, as a rope or as a chain, in particular as a tensioning cable, safety rope, steel cable, tensioning chain and / or safety chain can, leads from the securing device, which can also be referred to as a tensioning device, to the holding elements, which are coupled to the securing means by means of the power transmission means. The power transmission device may also comprise a plurality of elements. For example, the force transmission device may comprise two, three four or a number of safety ropes, steel cables or safety chains corresponding to the number of retaining elements. By transferring the securing device from an unlocking position in the direction of a securing position, the force transmission device is pulled and / or force-loaded in a pulling direction, so that the securing device counteracts or prevents the pivoting of the holding elements in the direction of the release position by means of the force-transmitting device.

The stand according to the invention is characterized in that the holding elements in each case a set-up lever with a guide means, by means of which the power transmission device is guided and over the set-up on the bottom plate directed force by the force transmission means is exercised, and comprise a support lever. In this case, each set-up lever is pivotably connected to a respective holding element about a first horizontal axis, and each setting lever is pivotally connected in addition to a support lever pivotable about a second horizontal axis offset parallel to the first horizontal axis. The support levers are each supported at least indirectly on the bottom plate. Each retaining element is in each case arranged between two deflection devices connected to the base plate, wherein the deflection devices each guide and deflect the force transmission device at a first vertical distance from the base plate. A trapped by the set-up lever and the support lever angle in fixing position of the holding element is selected so that by pivoting a retaining element in the direction of its release position, the angle between the erection and the support lever changed such that the raising lever and guided in the guide device power transmission of the Base plate are pivoted away and a second vertical distance of the guide means to the bottom plate is greater than the first vertical distance.

Consequently, the power transmission device exerts on the set-up lever a directed force on the bottom plate and thus biases the holding element in the direction of its fixing position. Due to the gear-like connection of the holding element with the power transmission device via the setting lever and the support lever, the holding element or the holding elements are subjected to force by the power transmission device with a large force in the direction of the respective fixing positions. Furthermore, the stand according to the invention is sometimes characterized by its high stability and durability due to the support of the support lever on the bottom plate.

The securing device may comprise, for example, a guided in the bottom plate slide, which has a smaller distance to the central axis of the stand in the securing position than in the armed position. Thus, the power transmission device is pulled at a transfer of the carriage from the armed position to the securing position in the direction of the carriage.

Instead of the carriage, but for example, a prestressed role for winding and unwinding of the power transmission device may be provided. The power transmission device leads to all holding elements. Depending on the design, the power transmission device may, for example, comprise only one tensioning cable which, starting from the securing device, leads to all the retaining elements. In one embodiment of the power transmission device with two tension cables that leads a tensioning cable to one half of the holding elements, whereas the other tensioning cable leads to the other half of the holding elements. However, it is also conceivable that the power transmission device has a number of holding elements corresponding number of power transmission elements, for example in the form of tension cables, in which case each tensioning cable leads to only a single holding element.

Each retaining element preferably comprises an axle bolt which defines the horizontal pivot axis or the pivot axis with a horizontal component of the retaining element. Each retaining element has a lower lever arm arranged below its pivot axis and an upper lever arm arranged above its pivot axis. By pivoting a retaining element in the direction of its release position, the upper lever arm is pivoted away from the central axis and the lower lever arm to the central axis, and by pivoting a retaining element in the direction of the fixing position is the upper lever arm to the central axis and the lower lever arm of the central axis swung away. Each set-up lever is hingedly connected to a respective lower lever arm of a holding element about a first horizontal axis, and in the fixing position of the respective holding elements, the respective setting lever and the respective support levers pivotally connected to each close an angle between more than 0 ° and less opened to the receiving space as 90 °. By pivoting the respective holding elements in the direction of their release position, the respective setting lever to be pulled to the central axis and the angle between setting lever and support lever is increased, so that the set-up and run in the guide means power transmission device are pivoted away from the bottom plate and a second vertical distance the power transmission device to the bottom plate is greater than the first vertical distance.

An advantage of this configuration is that the correspondingly formed holding elements are particularly stable and a highly efficient power transmission from the power transmission device to the support lever and thus to the holding elements is possible. This is ensured by the fact that the included by the setting lever and the support lever angle is an acute angle. The angle is preferably between more than 0 ° and 10 ° in the fixing position of the holding elements. Furthermore, in the fixing position of the respective holding elements, the angle between setting lever and support lever but also between more than 0 ° and 20 °, between 10 ° and 30 °, between 10 ° and 45 °, between 10 ° and 60 ° or more generally just between more than 0 ° and less than 90 °.

Alternatively, the angle between the setting lever and the support lever but also be open to the bottom plate, when the jack is connected to the upper lever arm of the support member. Furthermore, alternatively, the angle may be opened away from the bottom plate when the support lever is connected to the lower lever arm.

Preferably, the stand comprises at least one spring device, which is arranged between two holding elements and between two these holding elements immediately adjacent deflection devices. The spring device is supported on the bottom plate at least indirectly and kraftbeaufschlagbar by means of the power transmission device such that a pressure-resistant spring of the spring device is compressed by the power transmission device.

Advantage of a corresponding embodiment of the stand is that when inserting a trunk in the receiving space of the stand not only only the safety device is moved or pulled by the power transmission in the direction of Entsicherungsstellung, but the spring device is also kraftbeaufschlagt by the power transmission device and thus the pressure-resistant spring is compressed, so that in the release position of the holding elements, the power transmission between the two holding elements immediately adjacent deflection describes a shorter path than in the fixing position of the holding elements, since the force transmission device is deflected by the spring device less far, whereby the securing device, such as a rack carriage, less far in the direction of their Entsicherungsstellung must be postponed. This in turn has the consequence that for securing a trunk located in the receiving space, the security device, d. H. For example, a rack slide must be moved to a smaller amount in the direction of its securing position.

When introducing, for example, a trunk with a small trunk diameter, the holding elements are pivoted only in the release position by a small angular amount, so that the securing device is also pulled by the power transmission device by only a small amount in the direction of its Entsicherungsstellung. To secure the recorded trunk and to tension the power transmission device, the safety device must also be moved only by a correspondingly small amount in the direction of their securing position.

If, on the other hand, a trunk having a large trunk diameter is inserted into the receiving space of the stand, then the holding elements pivot by a correspondingly larger angle in the direction of their release position, so that the spring devices are compressed more strongly by the power transmission device. In particular, when the spring devices are each arranged between two retaining elements, the spring devices are first subjected to force by the force transmission device. Consequently, the safety device by means of the power transmission device does not have to be pulled so far in the direction of the release position, as would be necessary without provision of the spring devices. This in turn has the consequence that for clamping the power transmission device and thus to secure the located in the receiving space trunk with a large trunk diameter, the safety device must be transferred only by a reduced amount in the direction of the securing position. Despite the relatively small displacement of the securing device from the armed position in the direction of the securing position, for example by a safety lever or clamping lever, the retaining elements are pressed due to the gear-like articulation by the support lever and the jack with a large force on the trunk. Thus, it is possible to reliably secure or tension the trunk in the receiving space regardless of its trunk diameter by a single operation of the securing device, for example, by a single depression of the safety lever.

Preferably, the spring of the spring device is arranged perpendicular to the bottom plate, so that the spring is compressible by means of the power transmission device in the direction of the bottom plate. In this case, a vertical distance of a contact point of the power transmission device with the spring device in the compressed state of the spring is greater than the first vertical distance of the guided in the spring device adjacent deflecting power transmission device to the bottom plate.

By transferring the securing device in the direction of the securing position, the power transmission device is tensioned and thus exerts a compressive force on the spring, so that this springs in place. Because of this deflection, a movement path of the power transmission device between the two deflection, between which the spring device is arranged, so that the securing device during insertion of the trunk into the receiving space and thus during pivoting of the holding elements in the direction of their release positions must move less or adjust. The advantage here is that the backup device when saving a strain must therefore be moved only by a reduced amount.

Of course, the stand according to the invention can also have more than one spring device. For example, in the case of a stand with four retaining elements, two spring devices can be provided, which are each arranged between two retaining elements and between two deflection elements which are directly adjacent to these retaining elements. Due to the fact that the spring devices are arranged between the holding elements, the force transmission device is symmetrically tensioned by a pivoting of the two holding elements, so that the spring device is uniformly acted upon by the force transmission device, for example in the form of a tensioning cable.

It is also possible that the stator has more than two spring devices, for example three spring devices, wherein the respective spring devices are respectively arranged between the holding elements and between the respective holding elements directly adjacent deflection devices.

Preferably, a further spring device is connected to the power transmission device at at least one end of the power transmission device. The further spring device comprises an end stop, between which and a deflection device, a further compression spring is arranged.

A corresponding embodiment of the stand according to the invention is structurally particularly simple and therefore inexpensive.

The stand may comprise, for example, two further spring devices which are arranged at two ends of the power transmission device, and which are consequently acted upon by the power transmission device when the holding elements arranged between the securing device and the further spring device are transferred from the fixing position in the direction of the open position or release position ,

Preferably, the securing device comprises a safety lever with a toothed underside, a driver element, a toothed wheel and a rack slide, with which meshes the gear. The safety lever can be actuated, for example, with one foot by stepping down the safety lever. Both the gear and the driver element are each rotatably connected to a housing cover of the stator about a gear axis of rotation. The safety lever is rotatably connected to the driver element about an axis of rotation offset parallel to the axis of rotation and is rotatable by rotation about the axis of rotation of a Entsicherungsstellung into a contact position. In the release position of the safety lever, the toothed underside of the safety lever is spaced from the gear, so that the toothed bottom does not mesh with the gear, whereby the gear is freely rotatable about the gear axis, which in turn has the consequence that a displacement of the rack slide without changing the Position of the safety lever is possible. This has the advantage that a trunk can be inserted into the receiving space between the holding elements without the safety lever being moved. In the contact position of the safety lever, the toothed underside of the safety lever is in contact with the gear and meshes with the gear. By pressing the meshing with the gear locking lever, the safety lever can be moved into a locking position, wherein by means of the safety lever on the gear torque is applied, so that the rack slide is pulled by means of the gear on the central axis.

A corresponding embodiment of the securing device has the advantage that the power transmission device is always pulled by an equal amount in the direction of the securing device in the pulling direction, when the locking lever is transferred from the armed position to the securing position, for example by a foot. In combination with the spring devices strains with different trunk diameters are then always through the safety device subjected to force with an approximately equal clamping force, so that the stator has an increased acceptance range for different sized trunk diameter.

Preferably, the securing device further comprises a tension spring connected to the securing lever and to the driving element, which force exerts on the securing lever a force directed in the direction of its unlocking position.

This ensures that when the stand is unloaded, ie. H. in a stand in which no tree is received in the receiving space, the safety lever or the toothed underside of the safety lever is not in contact with the gear and thus does not mesh with it, so that proceed unhindered by inserting a trunk into the receiving space of the rack slide can because the gear can rotate freely without being in contact with the safety lever.

Preferably, the securing device comprises a securing lever, a driving element which can be displaced perpendicularly to the base plate and has two mutually opposing toothed surfaces, two toothed wheels and two toothed rack carriages, each of which meshes with one of the toothed wheels. The gears are each rotatably connected to a housing of the stator about respective gear axes of rotation, and the safety lever is pivotally connected to the housing and can be transferred from a Entsicherungsstellung in a contact position in which the safety lever is in contact with the driver element. In the release position of the safety lever, the toothed surfaces do not mesh with the respective gears, so that the gears are freely rotatable about their gear axes, whereby a displacement of the rack slides without changing the position of the safety lever is possible. In the contact position of the safety lever is an underside of the safety lever with the driver element in contact, so that by further pivoting or transferring the safety lever in the direction of a securing position, the driver element is moved in the direction of the bottom plate, whereby the toothed surfaces mesh with the gears. By transferring the safety lever in its securing position, the gears are driven in opposite directions of rotation, which in turn drive the rack slides with which they mesh in opposite directions.

An advantage of this design is the simplicity of the structure of the securing device, which has a high stability and is inexpensive to manufacture.

Preferably, each retaining element comprises a biasing spring, which is at least indirectly supported on the bottom plate and on the retaining element and exerts on the retaining element directed in the direction of its fixing force.

This has the advantage that the holding elements in a non-loaded state, d. H. if no trunk is received in the receiving space, are pivoted towards each other. Upon insertion of a trunk into the receiving space, the holding elements are then forced apart by axial force acting on the stem due to their shape and exert a symmetrical force on the trunk, so that the trunk is automatically centered by the holding elements and aligned vertically or approximately perpendicular is.

Preferably, by means of a further force and / or spring device fastened to the base plate, a force directed in the direction of its securing position is exerted on the securing device. As a result, the respective holding elements are subjected to force by means of the power transmission device in the direction of their fixing position, which causes a centering of the trunk when introducing a stem into the receiving space between the holding elements.

Preferably, the respective holding elements have an upper portion, which is aligned diverging from bottom to top to the central axis. As a result, opposing holding elements form a funnel-shaped approach, so that by axial application of force to a arranged on the upper edge of the holding elements trunk this can be moved simplified in the direction of its release position.

Further advantages, details and features of the invention will become apparent from the illustrated embodiments. In detail:

1 : a perspective view of the stand according to the invention;

2 : a corresponding representation to 1 at not yet mounted, the stability increasing additional feet;

3 : a top view of the in 1 shown stand;

4 : a bottom view of the in 1 shown stand;

5 : a corresponding representation to 1 with removed housing cover;

6 : the interior view of the stand according to the invention with the housing cover removed;

7 a spatial representation of the holding elements with omission of all other components of the stand according to the invention;

8th : in the 7 illustrated holding elements including a representation of the course of a force transfer device;

9 : a top view of the in 6 stand shown with marked course of the power transmission device;

10a a single spatial representation of a pivotable holding element used;

10b : this in 10a illustrated holding element in which a shell of the holding element is disassembled, so that the internal structure of the holding element is visible;

10c : this in 10b illustrated holding element including a securing attachment;

11 an axial sectional view through the central axis of the stator and thus perpendicular to the bottom plate;

12a a side view of a holding element in its fixing position;

12b : this in 12a illustrated holding element in the release position;

13a and 13b : Spatial representations of a security device;

13c : a side view of the in the 13a and 13b illustrated safety device;

14 a spatial representation of a further embodiment of the stand according to the invention with the cover removed;

15 : the in 14 illustrated stand without housing; and

16 : a spatial representation of another in 15 illustrated stand used security device.

In the following description, like reference numerals designate like components and like features, so that a description made with respect to a figure with respect to a component also applies to the other figures, so that repetitive description is avoided.

In 1 is a schematic representation of a stator according to the invention represented.

The stand according to the invention and also as a Christmas tree stand to be designated comprises a housing 1 which in turn has a caseback 3 or a bottom plate 3 and a housing cover 6 includes. From the figure it can be seen that the actual bottom plate 3 , so the so-called caseback 3 preferably with a circumferential edge of the housing 4 is provided with the bottom plate 3 firmly and tightly connected and thus usually with the case back 3 is integrally formed. Thus, the lower portion of the housing is suitable 1 coming from the bottom plate 3 and the associated housing edge 4 sometimes, for receiving water, so that the Christmas tree to be held by the stand can be supplied with water. To control the water level within the housing is in the housing cover 6 a water level indicator 26 intended.

To increase the stability are radially projecting feet 7 provided, in the radial direction, ie outwardly the actual housing 1 overtop. The feet 7 can with the case 1 , in particular with the housing bottom 3 and / or with the case edge 4 be firmly connected, but are preferably suspended or on the housing 1 fastened to pack the Christmas tree stand for transport space saving.

In the perspective view according to 2 are the radially projecting feet 7 disassembled, so that on the outer circumference of the housing edge 4 trained anchoring sections 5 are visible. At these anchorage sections 5 are the feet 7 fastened by suitable locking measures, so that the feet 7 in the assembled state can not fold upwards.

3 shows a central plan view of the stand according to the invention. The housing cover 6 has a central recess 6a and circumferentially offset, further in radial alignment extending radial recesses 6b on, with the central recess 6a are connected. As well as from the 1 and 2 It can already be seen that the stands have arched holding elements 30 on, coming out of the case cover 6 through the central recess 6a and the radial recesses 6b sticking out. In this case, the respective holding elements on an upper portion, the diverging from bottom to top diverging to a central axis 24 ( 11 ) is aligned. The holding elements 30 are around the central axis 24 arranged angularly offset and respectively at a later to be explained again horizontal pivot axis 32 pivotable so that the retaining elements from the central axis 24 away and onto the central axis 24 are too pivotable. The radial recesses 6b provide for this pivoting movement of the holding elements 30 enough space available, so that in the 1 . 2 and 3 in their initial position or fixing position shown holding elements 30 can be pivoted to the outside, which will be discussed later in more detail.

From the 1 to 3 is also apparent that the housing cover 6 also a recess 6 ' has, from the one safety lever 51 a safety device 50 protrudes. On the safety device 50 will be later in more detail with respect to the 13a to 13c received.

4 shows a bottom view of the housing 1 with the radially projecting feet 7 , The underside of the bottom plate 3 is provided with a rib or web structure to improve overall low weight on the one hand, the stability and on the other to be able to absorb higher forces.

The following will be on the 5 to 11 Reference is made in which the further construction of the Christmas tree stand, in particular below the housing cover 6 is shown and described.

In the spatial representation according to 5 is the housing cover 6 removed, so that located below the housing cover details are visible. From the 5 and 6 is evident that around a recording room 22 for receiving a rod-shaped or mast-shaped part in the circumferential direction angularly offset and part-circular wall sections 16 are provided, wherein the wall sections 16 part cylinder shell-shaped wall sections 16 represent. Each of these in plan view part-circular wall sections 16 So forms a section of a cylinder jacket, concentric to the central axis 24 is arranged. The wall sections 16 are stuck to the bottom plate 3 connected and preferably integral with the bottom plate 3 educated. That's how the bottom plate works 3 with these structural elements 16 are produced in a common casting process, in particular using plastic materials.

Between two wall sections 16 are each in the circumferential direction distance spaces 18 educated. In the respective distance spaces 18 are tower-like holding platforms 10a formed, in the embodiment shown as double platforms 10 ' are realized. Between the double platforms 10 ' is a Verschwenkraum 19 educated. The holding platforms 10 in the form of double platforms 10 ' can with the bottom plate 3 be formed integrally, so that the Haltepodeste 10 with the bottom plate 3 can be connected cohesively. Preferably, the bottom plate 3 together with the holding platforms 10 be produced in a common casting process.

From the illustration according to 6 It can be seen that on the respective tops of the holding platforms 10 a recording recess 12 in the form of a bearing shell 12 is trained. The recording well 12 is in each of the double platforms 10 ' provided, wherein the respective recesses 12 to the associated opposite second double platform 10 ' of the landing stage 10 are open. In the respective receptions 12 are to be described axle bolts 31 the pivotable holding elements 30 inserted so that the respective retaining elements 30 in the Halepodesten 10 about respective pivot axes 32 are held pivotally.

The anchoring of such a holding element 30 into the mentioned receptions 12 is from the spatial representation according to 5 and the spatial representations according to the 6 and 7 to see. As already described above, the respective holding elements comprise 30 one axle each 31 in the transverse direction to the holding element 30 survives over this and in the two facing each other pocket-shaped exception wells 12 a double platform 10 ' is used. Because the recording pits 12 are each closed at their facing away from each other outside and / or the distance between the two single towers of the double platform 10 ' the width of the pivotable holding elements 30 is equal to or slightly larger, is thereby a relevant holding element 30 over its axle 31 through which the pivot axis 32 is defined in the recording cavity 32 freely swiveling held.

So that the respective holding elements 30 not up from the landing 10 are fuse attachments 14 provided, which can be placed from above on the respective Haltepodeste, wherein between the Haltepodest 10 and the fuse attachment 14 the axle bolt 32 of the holding element 30 is arranged.

10a shows a single lever-shaped retaining element 30 , The axle bolt 31 defines the pivot axis 32 , The holding element 30 has one below the pivot axis 32 extending lever arm 30a which also acts as a lower lever arm 30a is designated, and one above the pivot axis 32 extending lever arm 30b which also acts as the upper lever arm 30b is called on. The upper lever arm 30b points opposite to the lower lever arm 30a a much longer length or height. Furthermore, the upper lever arm 30 in side view on a curved, boomerang-like shape, ie that the upper lever arm 30b with one on the central axis 24 assigning convex shape is designed.

This results in the starting position of the holding elements 30 or in the fixing position of the holding elements 30 according to 1 between the upper end portions of the holding elements 30 an upwardly facing funnel-shaped receiving space in the region of the upper lever sections extend away from each other or diverge, which will be discussed later.

The in 10a shown pivot lever 30 For example, is molded from plastic and may, for example, consist of two halves along a connecting line 30 ' connected to each other. To increase the rigidity of the retaining element 30 is a variety of recesses 30 provided between which webs 34 are formed. At its inward (ie in built functional position to the central axis 24 ) pointing clamping and / or effective section 35 can the retaining element 30 a groove-shaped depression 36 have, whereby two slightly spaced side bars 37 arise, which can then be applied to a tree trunk to fix it.

The respective axle bolts 31 are on the corresponding associated landing platforms 10 arranged at such a height that the respective lower lever arms 30a the bottom surface of the case bottom 3 do not touch. The length ratios of the upper lever arm 30b to the lower lever arm 30a can be such that the length of the upper lever arm 30b in relation to the length of the lower lever arm 30a more than two times, in particular more than three times, four times, five times or even more than six times. On the other hand, the length of the upper lever arm 30b in relation to the lower lever arm 30a Also smaller than tenfold, especially smaller than ninefold, eightfold, sevenfold, sixfold, fivefold or quadruple. Any ratios, in particular in the above-mentioned frame are possible.

From the 5 . 7 . 8th . 10a to 10c . 11 . 12a and 12b it can be seen that the respective lower lever arms 30a each with a set-up lever 40 by means of a horizontal suspension bolt 43 , which is a first horizontal axis of rotation 43 defined, are rotatably connected. The respective setting lever 40 each comprise a guide device 41 in the form of a guide groove 41 , By means of the power transmission device 70 is guided. About the respective management facilities 41 can by means of the guided in these power transmission 70 on the respective setting lever 40 one on the bottom plate 3 directed force to be exercised.

The respective holding elements 30 each further comprise a support lever 42 , each with a connecting bolt 44 with the respective setting levers 40 are hingedly connected. The respective connecting bolts 44 each define second horizontal axes 44 parallel to the respective first horizontal axes of rotation 43 run.

From the figures it can be seen that the support levers 42 at the bottom plate 3 support. This is indicated by the bottom plate 3 at this fortified pivot bearing 81 in the form of bowls 81 on (see 6 ), in which the respective support levers 42 with respect to the bottom plate 3 are rotatably mounted, and on which the support lever 42 are supported.

Each retaining element 30 is between each two with the bottom plate 3 associated deflection devices 80 arranged, each of the Kraftübertragungseinrich ^device 70 at a first vertical distance from the bottom plate 3 lead and divert. In particular from 8th it can be seen that the deflection devices 80 are formed by openings in radial webs through which the power transmission devices 70 passed through. These openings 80 have a first vertical distance to the bottom plate 3 on, so that too through the openings 80 guided power transmission device 70 in the area of the deflection device 80 this first vertical distance to the bottom plate 3 towards.

From the 12a and 12b is the course of movement of the holding elements and the setting lever rotatably connected thereto 40 and support lever 42 at a pivoting of a holding element 30 from one in 12a illustrated fixation position in a in 12b shown release position visible. 12a and 12b show that one of the set-up lever 40 and the support lever 42 included angle α is selected so that by pivoting the retaining element 30 in the direction of its release position, the angle α is changed such that the set-up 40 and in its leadership facility 41 guided power transmission device 70 from the bottom plate 3 be pivoted away and a second vertical distance of the power transmission 70 and / or the guide device 41 to the bottom plate 3 is greater than the first vertical distance.

In the more detail is from the 12a and 12b to see that the set-up lever 40 with the lower lever arm 30a of the holding element about the first horizontal axis 43 swiveled articulated is connected. By pivoting the retaining element 30 in the direction of its release position is the upper lever arm 30b from the central axis 24 away and its lower lever arm 30a on the central axis 24 too swiveled. In the in 12a illustrated fixing position of the holding element close the set-up 40 and the pivotally connected support lever 42 one to the recording room 22 opened angle α a, which is an acute angle in the range between more than 0 ° and less than 90 ° in the illustrated embodiment. In the in 12a shown concrete embodiment, the angle α in fixing position of the holding element is approximately between 10 ° and 35 °.

By pivoting the retaining element 30 in the in 12b shown release position is the set-up 40 on the central axis 24 to pulled, and the angle α between the set-up lever 40 and the support lever 42 is thereby increased. By enlarging this angle α between the setting lever and the support lever are the set-up 40 and those in the leadership facility 41 guided power transmission device of the bottom plate 3 pivoted away, leaving a second vertical distance of the power transmission device 70 and / or the guide device 41 to the bottom plate 3 is greater than the first vertical distance in the deflection 80 guided power transmission device 70 to the bottom plate 3 , The corresponding course of the power transmission device 70 is out 8th seen. During a tensioning of the power transmission device 70 , which is also used as a draw gear 70 or as a tensioning rope 70 can be designated, by means of the power transmission device 70 one on the bottom plate 3 directed force on the set-up lever 40 exercised. Due to the gear-like articulation of the holding element 30 over the set-up lever 40 and the support lever 42 becomes the retaining element 30 through the power transmission device 70 with an increased torque on the central axis 24 to be swiveled, or one in the recording room 22 The present trunk is then by means of the holding element 30 with a larger on the central axis 24 strained force.

From the 7 . 10a to 10c and 11 it can be seen that the respective holding elements 30 one tension spring each 45 include around the central portion of the respective axle bolts 31 is arranged around. The tension springs 45 each have a first leg 45a and a second leg 45b on. The first leg 45a relies on the securing attachment 14 and thus indirectly on the bottom plate 3 whereas the second leg 45b at one in the holding element 30 provided stop supports. The respective tension springs 45 clamp the respective holding elements 30 each on the central axis 24 in front.

The diverters 80 are for deflecting the power transmission device 70 in the form of a safety rope 70 educated. The respective holding platforms 10 are between each two deflection devices 80 radially offset in the direction of the central axis 24 arranged.

Furthermore, the stand according to the invention comprises a slide guide 20 (please refer 6 and 9 ), with the bottom plate 3 is preferably formed in one piece. The slide guide 20 consists in the illustrated embodiment of two guide webs, between which a guide groove is formed. In the carriage guide 20 is one below with respect to the 13a to 13c described guide bar 54c the safety device 50 slidably received.

The following is with reference to the 13a to 13c the structure and operation of the safety device 50 shown and described. The safety device 50 includes a safety lever 51 , which in a release position of the safety device 50 from the housing cover 6 protrudes (see 1 ). In a safety position of the safety device 50 closes the safety lever 51 however, flush with the housing cover 6 from. The safety device 50 further comprises a driver element 52 , a gear 53 and a rack slide 54 , with its toothed top the gear 53 combs. The gear 53 and the driver element 52 are each with the housing cover 6 around a gear axis 53 ' rotatably connected, wherein the gear axis of rotation 53 ' through a corresponding bolt 53 ' is defined. The safety lever 51 is with the driver element 52 one to the gear axis of rotation 53 ' parallel offset axis of rotation 55 rotatably connected. Furthermore, the safety lever 51 by means of a tension spring 57 that with the safety lever 51 via a suspension opening 51b and with the driver element via a suspension pin 52b is connected, biased to the armed position. In the release position of the safety lever 51 is a toothed base 51c of the safety lever 51 to the gear 53 spaced so that the toothed bottom 51c with the gear 53 does not comb. Therefore, in Entsicherungsstellung the safety lever 51 the gear 53 free around the gear axis 53 ' rotate, causing a displacement of the rack slide 54 whose upper toothed side with the gear 53 meshes, without changing the position of the safety lever 51 is possible.

The safety lever 51 is by turning around the axis of rotation 55 against the force of the tension spring 57 be transferred from the armed position in a contact position. In the contact position of the safety lever 51 stands the toothed underside 51c with the gear 53 in contact and combs with this. By further pressing, ie by further pressing down on the gear 53 meshing safety lever 51 this is transferred to the securing position. Because the toothed bottom 51c with the gear 53 combs, exercises the safety lever 51 on the gear 53 a torque out, allowing the rack slide 54 by means of the gear 53 on the central axis 24 to be moved.

From the 13a and 13b It can also be seen that the safety device 50 two tension springs 56 includes, with its one end at a Einhängöffnung 54b of the rack slide 54 and with her other end on a handrail 58 are attached. The handrail 58 is how out 6 can be seen, firmly with the bottom plate 3 connected. The tension springs 56 Pull or force the rack slide 54 in the direction of a securing position on the central axis 24 to. Due to the connection of the power transmission device 70 with the rack slide 54 in that the power transmission device 70 through a guide passage 54a of the rack slide 54 passed through, the respective holding elements 30 also by the tension springs 56 on their respective fixing position to force.

At the central axis 24 opposite end of the safety lever 51 this has a latching opening on its underside 51a on, by a corresponding locking lever of a fuse closure 4 ' can be underrun. The safety lever 41 is thereby held such that this by the tension spring 57 and by the voltage of the power transmission device 70 is not transferred back into the release position.

The following is with reference to the 5 . 8th and 9 the operation of the stand further described. 5 shows a plan view of the stand according to the invention with removed housing cover 6 , wherein the retaining elements 30 in the starting position (fixing position) and the safety device 50 is in the release position. From the figures it can be seen that the respective holding elements 30 each in a space between each two deflection 80 to the central axis 24 arranged offset. The power transmission device 70 runs in the form of an open loop of the securing device 50 , in the closer of the rack slide 54 in which the power transmission device 40 through the leadership passage 54a is guided, via the respective deflection 80 to end stops 71 at the two ends of the guide device 70 are arranged and firmly connected to this. The end stops 71 are based on respective radial projections, which are the deflection 80 , ie openings 80 include and with the case back 3 are firmly connected. Alternatively, it is also possible that the power transmission device 70 in the form of a closed loop from the rack slides 54 over the respective deflection devices 80 back to the rack slide 54 runs.

The power transmission device 70 is above the one with the lower lever arms 30a connected set-up lever 40 coupled, in more detail is the power transmission device 70 about the leadership facilities 41 the set-up lever 40 with the lower lever arms 30a coupled.

Due to the bias of the rack slide 54 by means of the tension springs 56 on the central axis 24 to and due to the bias of the holding elements 30 through the tension springs 54 also to the central axis, results in a self-centering of a tree held by the stand according to the invention.

From the 5 . 6 . 8th and 9 it can be seen that the stator according to the invention further comprises two spring means 90 includes, between two retaining elements 30 and between two of these retaining elements 30 immediately adjacent diverters 80 are arranged. The spring devices 90 are at the bottom plate 3 supported at least indirectly. In the illustrated embodiment, the spring means 90 through a cylinder sleeve, one in the cylinder sleeve 90 arranged and not visible in the figures spring and arranged on the spring guide means 91 educated. Through the leadership facility 91 becomes with axial force loading in the direction of the bottom plate 3 in the cylinder sleeve 90 arranged spring compressed. The spring devices 90 are configured such that a vertical distance of a contact point of the power transmission device 70 with the spring device 90 or with the guide device 91 even in the compressed state of the spring is greater than the first vertical distance of the power transmission device 70 in the area of the deflection devices 80 towards the bottom plate 3 ,

Consequently, the power transmission device runs 70 between two deflection devices 80 and a spring device 19 arcuate, so that when a Zugkraftbeaufschlagung the power transmission device 70 the spring device 90 is axially acted upon, so that the spring of the spring device 90 on the bottom plate 3 compressed.

When introducing a trunk into the recording room 22 between the holding elements 30 become the holding elements 30 pivoted from the fixing position in the direction of an open position or rather a release position. Due to the Motion coupling of the holding elements 30 with the rack slide 54 by means of the power transmission device 70 becomes the rack slide 54 from the central axis 24 pulled away. At the same time due to the axial application of force to the spring devices 90 by means of the power transmission device 70 the springs of the spring devices 90 compressed so that the rack slide 54 only by a reduced amount from the central axis 24 has to be pulled away.

Depending on the trunk diameter, the spring devices 90 differently strong kraftbeauftragt and thus the springs of the spring devices compressed to different degrees. By contrast, the rack slide 54 when introducing differently thick stems into the receiving space 22 each about an equal amount from the central axis 24 pulled away. Thus, by the safety device 50 by their operation, ie by transferring the safety lever 51 from the release position to the securing position, the rack and pinion slide 54 always so far on the central axis 24 to be moved to that in the recording room 22 used strain is always reliably secured regardless of its diameter. Because by transferring the safety lever 51 from the unlocking position to the securing position becomes the rack slide 5 always the same way to the central axis 24 moved to.

14 shows a further embodiment of a stator according to the invention without housing cover. The in 14 illustrated stand has no radially projecting feet 7 on, so this for smaller tree sizes than the one in 1 illustrated stand is suitable. The operation of the safety device 60 in the in 14 illustrated stand, differs from the operation of the safety device 50 in the in 1 illustrated stand is used. The remaining functioning of the in 14 However, the illustrated stand is identical to the operation of the stand, which in 1 is shown.

In 15 is the stand according to the further embodiment without housing edge 4 , but with base plate 3 represented, and in 16 is the safety device 60 presented in isolation.

The safety device 60 includes a safety lever 61 , one perpendicular to the bottom plate 3 displaceable entrainment element 62 , the two toothed surfaces 62a having, on opposite sides of the driver element 62 are arranged. Furthermore, the securing device comprises 60 two gears 63 and two rack slides 64 , each with one of the gears 63 comb.

Out 16 it can be seen that both the two gears 63 to each other and the two rack slides 64 arranged offset from each other. The gears 63 are each with the case 1 of the stator about respective gear axes of rotation 63 ' rotatably connected. The gears 63 can be either indirectly with the case back 3 or indirectly with the housing cover 6 or generally with the housing 1 be rotatably connected. The safety lever 61 is with the case 1 pivotally connected and transferred from a release position into a contact position, wherein in the contact position of the safety lever 61 with the driver element 62 in contact. In the release position of the safety lever, the toothed surfaces mesh 62a not with the respective gears 63 so the gears 63 free around their gear axes 63 ' are rotatable, allowing a displacement of the rack slides 64 without changing the position of the safety lever 61 is possible. Consequently, in the recording room 22 between the holding elements 30 a tree trunk are introduced, whereupon the respective holding elements are pivoted from their fixing position or their initial position in the direction of an open position, whereby the respective setting lever 40 be set up, which in turn the respective rack slides 64 that have fastening devices 64a each with the power transmission device 70 are connected, pulled in the direction of their respective Entsicherungsstellungen.

In the contact position of the safety lever 61 is an underside of the safety lever with the driver element 62 in contact, so that by further pivoting of the safety lever 61 in the direction of its securing position, the driver element 62 towards the bottom plate 3 is pressed or shifted, whereby the toothed surfaces 62a each with a gear 63 comb. By further pivoting of the safety lever in the direction of the securing position, the two gears are in opposite directions of rotation by the driver element 62 driven, with the gears 63 again with these meshing rack slides 64 each driving in opposite directions, whereby the power transmission device 70 is tense.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

casing

3

Bottom plates (of the housing)

4

housing edge

4 '

safety closure

5

Anchoring section (of the housing)

6

housing cover

6 '

Recess (of the housing cover)

6a

recess

6b

radial recess

7

Stand (of the housing)

7 '

Fastening (of the stand)

9

Central Dorn

10

holding pedestal

10 '

double podium

12

Receiving recess, bearing cup

14

securing top

16

wall section

18

Distance space (between wall sections)

20

carriage guide

22

accommodation space

24

Central axis (of the recording room)

26

Water level indicator (of the housing)

30

retaining element

30 '

Connection level (of the holding element)

30a

lower lever arm (of the holding element)

30b

upper lever arm (of the holding element)

31

Axle pin (of the retaining element)

32

Swivel axis (of the holding element)

33

Opening / indentation (of the retaining element)

34

Bar (between openings of the holding element)

35

Clamping and / or working section (of the holding element)

36

groove-shaped depression (of the holding element)

37

Side bridge (of the holding element)

40

erecting

41

Guiding device (of the raising lever)

42

support lever

43

first horizontal axis, horizontal suspension bolt

44

second horizontal axis

45

tension spring

45a

first leg (the tension spring)

45b

second leg (the tension spring)

50

safety device

51

safety lever

51a

Latch opening (of the safety lever)

51b

Einhängöffnung (the safety lever)

51c

toothed underside (of safety lever)

52

Driver element (the safety device)

52b

Hooking pin (of the driving element)

52c

Hanging loop (of the driver element)

53

Gear (the safety device)

53 '

gear axis

54

Rack slide (the safety device)

54a

Guide passage

54b

Einhängöffnung

54c

guide web

55

axis of rotation

56

Force and / or spring device (the safety device)

57

mainspring

58

Handrail

59

another tension spring

60

safety device

61

safety lever

62

dogging

62a

toothed surface (of the driving element)

63

gear

64

Rack guide

64a

Fastening device (rack slide)

70

Power transmission device, traction device, safety rope

71

End stop (the power transmission device)

80

deflecting

81

Pivot bearing (for support lever)

90

spring means

91

Guide device (the spring device)

Z

Pull direction (the power transmission device)

Claims (12)

Stand for mounting mast or rod-shaped parts, in particular Christmas trees, with a base plate ( 3 ), at least two to a recording room ( 22 ) for receiving the mast or rod-shaped part adjacent holding elements ( 30 ), a safety device ( 50 . 60 ) and a flexible power transmission device ( 70 ), wherein the stand has the following features: - the holding elements ( 30 ) are about a central axis ( 24 ) of the recording room ( 22 ) arranged angularly offset and in each case about a horizontal pivot axis ( 32 ) or a pivot axis ( 32 ) with a horizontal component from the central axis ( 24 ) in the direction of a release position and on the central axis to pivot in the direction of a fixing position; - the power transmission device ( 70 ) leads from the safety device ( 50 . 60 ) to the holding elements ( 30 ) connected to the safety device ( 50 . 60 ) by means of the power transmission device ( 70 ) are motion coupled; - by transferring the security device ( 50 . 60 ) from a release position in the direction of a securing position, the power transmission device ( 70 ) in a pulling direction (Z) to the securing device ( 50 . 60 ) and / or force applied, so that the safety device ( 50 . 60 ) by means of the power transmission device ( 70 ) a pivoting of the retaining elements ( 30 ) counteracts or prevents the release position, characterized by the following features: - the retaining elements ( 30 ) each comprise a set-up lever ( 40 ) with a management device ( 41 ), by means of which the power transmission device ( 70 ) is guided and on the Aufstellhebel ( 40 ) one on the bottom plate ( 3 ) directed force through the Power transmission device ( 70 ) is exercisable, and a support lever ( 42 ); - each set-up lever ( 40 ) is each with a holding element ( 30 ) about a first horizontal axis ( 43 ) hingedly connected pivotally, and each set-up lever ( 40 ) is additionally equipped with a support lever ( 42 ) to one to the first horizontal axis ( 43 ) parallel offset second horizontal axis ( 44 ) hingedly connected pivotally; - the support levers ( 42 ) are each at least indirectly on the bottom plate ( 3 ) supported; - each retaining element ( 30 ) is between each two with the bottom plate ( 3 ) associated deflection devices ( 80 ), each of which the power transmission device ( 70 ) at a first vertical distance from the bottom plate ( 3 lead and divert; and - one of the set-up lever ( 40 ) and the support lever ( 42 ) included angle (α) is selected so that by pivoting a retaining element ( 30 ) in the direction of its release position, the angle (α) between the setting lever ( 40 ) and the support lever ( 42 ) changed so that the set-up lever ( 40 ) and in its management body ( 41 ) guided power transmission device ( 70 ) from the bottom plate ( 3 ) are pivoted away and a second vertical distance of the power transmission device ( 70 ) and / or the management facility ( 41 ) to the bottom plate ( 3 ) is greater than the first vertical distance. Stand according to claim 1, characterized by the following features: - each holding element ( 30 ) each comprises a pivot pin ( 31 ), the horizontal pivot axis ( 32 ) or the pivot axis ( 32 ) with a horizontal component of the retaining element ( 30 ) Are defined; - each holding element ( 30 ) has a below the pivot axis ( 32 ) arranged lower lever arm ( 30a ) and one above the pivot axis ( 32 ) arranged upper lever arm ( 30b ) on; By pivoting a holding element ( 30 ) in the direction of its release position is the upper lever arm ( 30b ) away from the central axis and its lower lever arm ( 30a ) on the central axis ( 24 ) to pivot, and by pivoting a holding element ( 30 ) in the direction of the fixing position whose upper lever arm ( 30b ) on the central axis ( 24 ) and its lower lever arm ( 30a ) from the central axis ( 24 ) pivoted away; - each set-up lever ( 40 ) is each with a lower lever arm ( 30a ) of a holding element ( 30 ) about a first horizontal axis ( 43 ) hingedly connected pivotally; - In fixing position of the respective holding elements ( 30 ) close the respective setting levers ( 40 ) and the respective associated with these support levers ( 42 ) one to the recording room ( 22 ) open angle (α) between more than 0 ° and less than 90 °; and - by pivoting the respective holding elements ( 30 ) in the direction of their release position, the respective setting lever ( 40 ) on the central axis ( 24 ) and the angle (α) between setting lever ( 40 ) and support lever ( 42 ) is enlarged, so that the set-up lever ( 40 ) and those in the management body ( 41 ) guided power transmission device ( 70 ) from the bottom plate ( 3 ) are pivoted away and a second vertical distance of the power transmission device ( 70 ) and / or the management facility ( 41 ) to the bottom plate ( 3 ) is greater than the first vertical distance. Stand according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by the following features: - the stand further comprises at least one spring device ( 90 ), which between two holding elements ( 30 ) and between two of these holding elements ( 30 ) immediately adjacent diverters ( 80 ) is arranged; and - the spring device ( 90 ) is at the bottom plate ( 3 ) supported at least indirectly and by means of the power transmission device ( 70 ) such kraftbeaufschlagbar that a pressure-resistant spring of the spring device ( 90 ) by the power transmission device ( 70 ) is compressed. Stand according to claim 3, characterized by the following features: - the spring of the spring device ( 90 ) is perpendicular to the bottom plate ( 3 ) arranged so that the spring by means of the power transmission device ( 70 ) in the direction of the bottom plate ( 3 ) is compressible; and - a vertical distance of a contact point of the power transmission device ( 70 ) with the spring device ( 90 ) is greater than the first vertical distance in the compressed state of the spring. Stand according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by the following features: - at least one end of the power transmission device ( 70 ) is another spring device connected thereto; and - the further spring device comprises an end stop ( 71 ), between the and a deflection device ( 80 ) A further compression spring is arranged. Stand according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the securing device ( 50 ) a safety lever ( 51 ) with a toothed underside ( 51c ), a driver element ( 52 ), a gear ( 53 ) and a rack slide ( 54 ), with which the gear ( 53 ), the safety device ( 50 ) has the following properties: - the gear ( 53 ) and the driver element ( 52 ) are each provided with a housing cover ( 6 ) of the stator about a gear axis ( 53 ' ) rotatably connected; - the safety lever ( 51 ) is with the driver element ( 52 ) about a gear axis ( 53 ' ) parallel offset axis of rotation ( 55 ) rotatably connected; - the safety lever ( 51 ) is by turning about the axis of rotation ( 55 ) can be transferred from a Entsicherungsstellung in a contact position; - in the armed position, the toothed underside ( 51c ) of the safety lever ( 51 ) to the gear ( 53 ), so that the toothed underside ( 51c ) with the gear ( 53 ) does not mesh, causing the gear ( 53 ) freely around the gear axis ( 53 ' ) is rotatable, so that a displacement of the rack carriage ( 54 ) without changing the position of the safety lever ( 51 ) is possible; - in the contact position of the safety lever ( 51 ) is the toothed underside ( 51c ) with the gear ( 53 ) and meshes with it; - by pressing the gear ( 53 ) meshing safety lever ( 51 ) this is convertible into a securing position, wherein by means of the safety lever ( 51 ) on the gear ( 53 ) a torque is applied so that the rack carriage ( 54 ) by means of the gear ( 53 ) on the central axis ( 24 ) is moved too. Stand according to claim 6, characterized in that the securing device ( 50 ) further with the safety lever ( 51 ) and the driver element ( 52 ) connected tension spring ( 57 ), which on the safety lever ( 51 ) exerts a directed in the direction of its Entsicherungsstellung force. Stand according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the securing device ( 60 ) a safety lever ( 61 ), one perpendicular to the bottom plate ( 3 ) displaceable entrainment element ( 62 ) with two opposing toothed surfaces ( 62a ), two gears ( 63 ) and two rack slides ( 64 ), each with one of the gears ( 63 ), the safety device ( 60 ) has the following characteristics: 63 ) are each provided with a housing ( 1 ) of the stator about respective gear axes ( 63 ' ) rotatably connected; - the safety lever ( 61 ) is connected to the housing ( 1 ) pivotally connected and convertible from a release position into a contact position, in which the safety lever ( 61 ) with the driver element ( 62 ) is in contact; - in the unlocking position, the toothed surfaces ( 62a ) not with the respective gears ( 63 ), so that the gears ( 63 ) freely about their gear axes ( 63 ' ) are rotatable so that a displacement of the rack slides ( 64 ) without changing the position of the safety lever ( 61 ) is possible; - in the contact position of the safety lever ( 61 ) is a bottom of the safety lever ( 61 ) with the driver element ( 62 ) in contact, so that by further pivoting of the safety lever ( 61 ) in the direction of a securing position, the driver element ( 62 ) in the direction of the bottom plate ( 3 ), whereby the toothed surfaces ( 62a ) with the gears ( 63 ) comb; and - by transferring the safety lever ( 61 ) in its securing position, the gears ( 63 ) are driven in opposite directions of rotation, in turn, the rack slides ( 64 ) in opposite directions. Stand according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each retaining element ( 30 ) a biasing spring ( 45 ), which at least indirectly on the bottom plate ( 3 ) and on the holding element ( 30 ) and on the holding element ( 30 ) exerts a force directed in the direction of its fixing position. Stand according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that by means of another on the bottom plate ( 3 ) fixed force and / or spring device ( 56 ) on the safety device ( 50 ) a force directed towards the securing position is exercised. Stand according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the respective holding elements ( 30 ) have an upper portion which diverging from bottom to top to the central axis ( 24 ) is aligned. Stand according to one of claims 3 to 11, characterized in that the securing device ( 50 . 60 ) and the spring device ( 90 ) are formed such that within a predetermined diameter range, regardless of the diameter of the mast or rod-shaped part to be tensioned, by transferring the securing device ( 50 . 60 ) from the release position into the securing position the retaining elements ( 30 ) by means of the power transmission device ( 70 ) are secured so that they are not pivotable in the direction of release position.

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