DE102011111533A1 - Pressure generator for a pulling or pressing device and pulling or pressing device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a pressure generator for a hydraulic tool, in particular for a riveting tool. The pressure generator has an oscillatingly movable pneumatic piston and a quick coupling with a hydraulic line.

Description

Field of the invention

The invention relates to a pressure generator for tool applications, which must generate high forces by means of hydraulic active elements, such as a pulling or pressing device. In particular, the invention relates to a trained as a handheld pressure generator, which can be coupled with different riveting tool adapters.

Background of the invention

Hydraulically operated setting tools are known. These are, for example, riveting tools with a pressing device for riveting conventional rivets. Furthermore, there are riveting tools with a pulling device for setting blind rivets, blind rivet nuts etc ..

From practice compressed air powered Handnietgeräte are known. These usually have a pneumatic piston which is coupled to a hydraulic piston. Via the transmission ratio of pneumatic piston to hydraulic piston, a higher pressure can be generated in the hydraulic area than in the pneumatic area of the device via the compressed air connection. Nevertheless, the traction of known Handnietgeräte is limited and sufficient in many cases not to process even high-strength rivets newer design. Next known from practice are operated hand riveting usually bulky, so that hard to reach places, for example between the body profiles of a vehicle often can not be achieved.

Further known in practice are riveting devices, which are connected to a high-pressure hydraulic hose with a stationarily arranged pressure generator. In such riveting, although the actual riveting tool is much easier to handle. However, such a device is complex and it is particularly difficult to replace a connected to the stationary pressure generator hydraulic riveting against another.

Object of the invention

The invention is based on the object to reduce the mentioned disadvantages of the prior art.

It is in particular an object of the invention to provide an easy-to-handle pressure generator, by means of which a hydraulic pulling or pressing device, in particular a riveting device, can be actuated, due to a high pressure, a high tensile force or compressive force can be realized.

Summary of the invention

The object of the invention is already achieved by a pressure generator for a hydraulic tool, in particular for a pulling and / or pressing device according to one of the independent claims.

Preferred embodiments and further developments can be found in the respective subclaims.

The invention relates to a pressure generator for a hydraulic tool. It is a hydraulically operated device by means of which, for example, pulled on a component or can be exerted on a component pressure.

In particular, the invention relates to all types of riveting devices, such as for conventional rivets, which are pressed together with a pressing device and for blind rivets, which is pulled by a pulling device on a pin until it tears off after formation of a rivet. Also blind rivets can be set with a suitable adapter.

However, the hydraulic pressure generator according to the invention can also be used for other hydraulically operated tools such as spreading devices, cartridges for expressing adhesive or sealant, for pliers, in particular for separating cables, etc.

The pressure generator comprises a pneumatic piston which can be actuated by compressed air.

The pneumatic piston is coupled to a hydraulic piston. About the gear ratio between hydraulic piston and pneumatic piston of the achievable pressure in the hydraulic range is determined.

Preferably, the transmission ratio is more than 1:50, in particular, a transmission ratio of 1: 100 is provided. The gear ratio can be up to 1: 150. Thus, with an applied air pressure of 8 bar, a pressure of 800 bar can be generated in the hydraulic area.

The pneumatic piston is movable in an oscillating manner by means of a control device such that a pressure can be generated by oscillating the hydraulic piston in the hydraulic region. The pressure generator thus operates as a hydraulic pump, which makes it possible that despite the small working space of the hydraulic piston due to the high transmission ratio, a sufficient Amount of hydraulic fluid can be provided to move traction or pressing devices at a reasonable speed.

Furthermore, the hydraulic area comprises a quick coupling with a hydraulic line for a pulling or pressing device. The pressure generator is thus decoupled from the actual pulling or pressing device. This can be connected by means of a quick coupling with the hydraulic area. It is thus possible a particularly simple replacement of the respective tool. Preferably, the quick coupling also provides a rigid mechanical connection.

Pressure generator and pulling or pressing device can be used together as a handheld device.

In an alternative embodiment of the invention but it is also conceivable to operate the pressure generator stationary, that is, the pulling or pressing device is connected via a hydraulic line which has a quick coupling, with a pulling or pressing device.

In a further development of the invention, the control device comprises a piston control.

In particular, a pilot control valve is used, which can be actuated via the pneumatic piston, in particular in a closed position is movable.

In contrast to known slot controllers or integrated in the pneumatic piston reversing devices so a relatively large stroke can be achieved. Furthermore, the weight of the pneumatic piston is reduced and its reliability is increased compared with reversing devices integrated in the piston.

Preferably, a part of the pilot control valve protrudes into the working space of the pneumatic piston. When the piston is reset, the piston crown sits on the pilot control valve and closes it. This can build up a pressure in the working space of the pneumatic piston, which pushes the piston forward.

When passing over a control bore, air flows from the working space to the pilot control valve and opens it, whereby the compressed air is discharged in the working space of the pneumatic piston and the piston, which for example operates against a spring, is reset until it in turn closes the pilot control valve.

The stroke of the pneumatic piston is preferably between 5 and 20 mm. Further, the piston preferably operates at a frequency of 5 and 20 Hz.

In a development of the invention, the hydraulic area has a relief valve. This relief valve is used for the return flow of the hydraulic fluid in a non-actuated state.

Further, the relief valve, which is preferably aligned as a three / two-way valve, also assume safety-related functions. Thus, it is conceivable that the relief valve must be closed before each actuation of the pressure generator by means of an actuating device in order to build up pressure.

It is also conceivable that only a two-handed operation of the tool is possible. For this purpose, the relief valve is preferably controlled via an actuator of the pressure generator such that it is opened immediately when you release the actuator. When you release the actuator is so sure that immediately the hydraulic area is depressurized.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, a hydraulic fluid reservoir is disposed in a chamber which extends at least partially around the hydraulic region. As a chamber in particular an elastomeric membrane can be used. This embodiment of the invention allows the use of the volume around the much smaller hydraulic piston around to store hydraulic fluid and thus allows a more compact design of the tool.

In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the quick coupling on a self-closing valve for hydraulic fluid.

Preferably, both the pressure generator and the pulling or pressing device connected to the pressure generator have a self-closing valve. The two components of the tool are so easy to connect with each other and it creates a hydraulic connection between the two components.

Preferably, an actuator is attached to the pressure generator itself to actuate the pulling or pressing device. The pressure generator can be used as a handheld device and forms a unit with the attached pulling or pressing device.

The invention further relates to a pressure generator for a pulling and / or pressing device, which comprises an oscillatingly movable pneumatic piston, via which a with the Pneumatic piston connected hydraulic piston is moved in an oscillating manner and thus generates a high pressure in a hydraulic range as a hydraulic pump.

According to the invention, in a working chamber of the pneumatic piston, a pilot control valve can be actuated by resetting the pneumatic piston, in particular in a closed position movable.

For this purpose, at least a portion of the pilot control valve extends into the working space of the pneumatic piston, or it is also conceivable that the pneumatic piston has an extension approximately in the form of a mandrel in order to actuate the pilot control valve arranged in a recess.

As already described above, a reliable reversal with a high possible stroke is provided by this type of reversal.

The invention further relates to a pulling or pressing tool, in particular designed as a riveting tool, punching tool or cartridge press, which comprises at least one hydraulic region, which is connectable by means of a quick coupling with a pressure generator described above.

The hydraulic area comprises a hydraulic piston with which the pulling or pressing tool is actuated.

To achieve a high tensile force or a high force during pressing, in turn, this hydraulic piston has a larger diameter than the hydraulic piston, which builds up the pressure for actuating the tool in the pressure generator.

By means of such a pulling or pressing device, it is possible to generate forces of more than 100 kN. The quick coupling provides a multifunctional tool.

The invention can thus provide a tool system with a pressure generator described above, which comprises a plurality of different pulling and / or pressing device, which are connectable by means of a quick coupling with the pressure generator.

Description of the drawings

The invention will be described below with reference to the drawings 1 to 16 be explained in more detail with reference to schematically illustrated embodiments.

1 shows a perspective view of a pressure generator 1 ,

The pressure generator 1 includes a housing 5 which is formed in three parts in this embodiment and comprises a head piece, a middle part and an end piece.

At the end piece of the housing 5 is an actuator 2 attached, via which the pressure generator is put into operation. The actuating device 2 is under a grip 4 arranged.

Behind the actuator 2 there is a pressure regulator 3 , via which the pressure in the pneumatic area and thus also the pressure in the hydraulic area can be adjusted. Via a compressed air connection 6 can the pressure generator 1 be connected to compressed air.

Front of the pressure generator 1 there is a quick coupling 8th , which centrally a self-closing hydraulic valve 9 having. By means of the quick coupling 8th may be a pulling or pressing device (not shown) on the pressure generator 1 be attached.

About the self-closing hydraulic valve 9 can be passed in this case, hydraulic fluid in the pulling or pressing device.

At the front housing part is a safety actuator 7 arranged.

Depending on the design variant can on the safety actuator 7 a device be provided with a two-handed operation, such that both the safety actuator 7 as well as the actuator 2 must be pressed to generate pressure.

In an alternative embodiment, the safety actuator 7 before operating the actuator 2 be moved to the active position shown here. After completion of a riveting operation, the actuator 2 was released again, the safety device works 7 forward and the next pull or pressing operation can be performed again only when the safety actuator 7 is folded back into the position shown here.

At the side is in the housing 5 another screw 10 , can be opened over the hydraulic area and hydraulic fluid can be refilled.

2 shows a sectional view of the in 1 shown pressure generator 1 , on the basis of which the Function of the pressure generator to be explained in more detail.

Via the compressed air connection 6 is the pneumatic area, so the area in which the device is in compressed air, connected to a compressed air source, such as a compressor.

The pressure regulator 3 is designed as a so-called upstream pressure regulator. The valve seat 63 is via a threaded drive of the printer controller 3 set in his position. The spring biased downwards piston 64 is traversed in the middle by compressed air. By adjusting the valve seat 63 changes the spring force and thus the set working pressure. About the flow control valve 61 the amount of air is regulated.

The function of an upstream pressure regulator is otherwise known to the person skilled in the art and requires no further explanation.

About the channel 68 can be compressed air via the switching valve 66 in the workroom 14 of the pneumatic piston 13 be directed.

When pressed, so in this embodiment when depressing the actuator 2 and of it by means of the pen 11 coupled switching valve 12 flows over the canal 65 Compressed air in the work space 14 of the pneumatic piston 13 , The pneumatic piston 13 is with the smaller hydraulic piston 18 coupled, or pneumatic piston 13 and hydraulic pistons 18 can form a component. The influx of compressed air causes the pneumatic piston 13 initially moved to the left starting from the position shown here.

When the control bore is exceeded 62 compressed air flows out of the working area 14 through the channel 16 to the pilot control valve 54 , which controls the pneumatic piston 13 takes over. Through the through the channel 16 incoming compressed air then becomes a piston 66 of the pilot control valve 54 moves to the left and the valve opens. About the exhaust chamber 58 can now be compressed air from the work space 14 of the pneumatic piston 13 via a silencer (not shown) to flow into the open air.

Because now the pressure in the workspace 14 sinks, becomes the pneumatic piston 13 over the spring 17 moved to the right until the piston 13 on the pilot control valve 54 touch down and close it again. Now the workroom is 14 closed again and through the over the canal 15 incoming compressed air can build up working pressure again.

The use of the pilot control valve 54 which axially in line with both the pneumatic piston 13 as well as with the hydraulic piston 18 is arranged, a reliable control with a large stroke and thus great power is provided.

The system works as a hydraulic pump, that is, the pneumatic piston 13 and thus the hydraulic piston 18 is moved in an oscillating manner. Consequently, hydraulic fluid can be conveyed continuously and a small working volume of the hydraulic piston 18 is sufficient to provide a sufficient amount of hydraulic fluid can.

To work as a pump, the hydraulic section has a pressure valve 59 as well as a suction valve 19 on, via the fluid delivery only in the direction of the hydraulic valve 9 to which the pulling or pressing device is connected is possible. The design of pressure valve 59 which opens at each pumping operation, in which the piston is moved to the left, and from the suction valve 19 , which can flow when resetting the piston hydraulic fluid in the working space of the hydraulic piston, is known in the art and requires no further explanation.

The hydraulic valve 9 consists of a sleeve 9a and a stopper 9b , which closes the valve by means of spring force when the pulling or pressing device is not connected.

The hydraulic valve 9 is part of the quick coupling 8th , which by means of a gasket comprehensive connector 57 with the hydraulic area 20 connected is.

The quick coupling 8th can be loosened by turning and is in the attached state on the locking lever 23 locks to ensure that the clutch is not accidentally released when pressure is applied.

The housing 47 the quick coupling 8th is preferably bolted to the housing of the pressure generator or to the front housing part.

Furthermore, the pressure generator comprises a relief valve 21 , It is in this embodiment, a three-two-way valve. The relief valve 21 is in the ground state with applied compressed air through the channel 22 open. For this purpose, the compressed air flows over the channel 22 into a working room and presses the relief piston 60 down.

Since now the hydraulic fluid from the hydraulic field 20 flows back continuously, no pressure can build up.

With actuation of the actuator 2 becomes the channel 22 closed and the relief valve 21 closed due to spring preload. Consequently, pressure can be in the hydraulic area 20 build up.

Leaves the operator the actuator 2 Let go again, compressed air flows through the channel 22 and opens the relief valve 21 so that the hydraulic area immediately after releasing the actuator 2 is depressurized.

In this embodiment is still a safety actuator 7 provided as an eccentric above the discharge piston 60 is arranged.

A pressure build-up is only in the position of the safety actuator shown here 7 possible because when moving the safety actuator of the eccentric relief piston 60 holds in the open position and thus closing the relief valve 21 prevented.

The safety actuator 7 can be designed so that it moves automatically, for example by means of a spring in an open position of the relief valve. Before each new actuation of the actuator 2 must then the safety actuator 7 be placed back in the position shown here, in which it first remains, as they due to the spring bias of the relief valve 21 is determined. After pressing the actuator folds the safety actuator 7 back to the inactive position.

Also, via the safety actuator 7 Depending on the variant, a two-hand operation can be provided in which it must be operated continuously in order to build up any pressure (not shown).

3 shows a view of the pressure generator 1 with front view of the quick coupling 8th , The quick coupling 8th includes engagement elements which by means of the sliding ring 25 can be moved radially inwardly to lock a corresponding coupling element. In the locked state, the link ring 25 by means of the locking lever 23 be locked in the locked position. The turning back of the link ring 25 is therefore only possible again when the locking lever 23 is solved.

4 shows a sectional view taken along the line BB 1 , To recognize the engagement elements 24 in the form of balls, which by means of the backdrop of the sliding ring 25 when turning it can be moved inward.

5 shows a first pressing device 26 , which can be connected to a pressure generator described above. For this purpose, the pressing device comprises 26 a quick coupling 27 having a groove in which associated with 3 and 4 can engage described engagement elements.

The front side comprises the pressing device 26 a head piece 28 with a rivet holder.

6 shows a sectional view taken along line AA 5 , The self-closing hydraulic valve can be seen 29 , Furthermore, the pressing device comprises a piston 30 , which by means of spring 31 is reset. When hydraulic fluid is introduced, the piston moves forward and passes over the header 28 the riveting process.

The pressing device 26 also has a groove on the edge 32 on which for attaching the in 7 in a perspective view shown bracket 33 is provided.

The coat hanger 33 is by means of a locking pin 34 at the pressing device ( 26 in 5 and 6 ) attached. The bracket has a rivet holder 35 in which the second part of the rivet is inserted to contact the pressing device to which the bracket 33 is arranged to perform a setting process, in which a two-piece conventional rivet is processed.

8th shows a perspective view of a Blindnieteinrichtung 36 , which by means of the quick coupling 27 also attachable to a pressure generator described above.

The blind riveting device 36 includes a pulling device 37 with a head piece 38 into which the rivet pin of a blind rivet is insertable.

The pulling device 37 is by means of a pivot bearing 39 on a holder 40 attached, which is the quick coupling 27 includes. So can the traction device 37 at least 90 ° around the holder 40 be pivoted to reach hard to reach places.

9 shows the Blindnieteinrichtung 36 with the head piece 38 in a view from the front. It can be seen that the diameter of the pulling device 37 essentially the diameter of the generally unscrewable trained head piece 38 equivalent. Traction device and head are so very compact.

10 shows a sectional view of the Blindnieteinrichtung 36 off along the line EE 9 ,

The pulling device 37 includes a piston 42 , At the rear end of the pulling device is a removable container 43 in which torn rivet pins are collected. The pivot bearing 39 includes a latching mechanism over which the pulling device 37 locked in defined positions or can be locked via a pin when this around the holder 40 is pivoted. You can also see the quick coupling 27 with a self-closing valve for hydraulic fluid.

11 shows a further sectional view of a traction device 36 , Well visible in this sectional view are the claws of a gripping device 44 for grasping the rivet pin.

Further to recognize is a rotary feedthrough 45 in the area of the pivot bearing 39 , but the rotary feedthrough is supplied to the traction device hydraulic fluid.

The quick coupling 27 includes a self-closing hydraulic valve 29 which is in 12 is shown in detail.

The self-closing hydraulic valve is in a housing 47 arranged the quick coupling and is frontally on the seal 46 sealed. When coupling to the quick connector of the pressure generator ( 8th in 2 ) becomes the sleeve 55 pressed to the left, with a corresponding sleeve of the quick release of the pressure generator ( 9a in 2 ) in the housing 47 penetrates and over the seal 46 is sealed. The sleeve 55 is with the spring 48 kept under tension. A central pin 56 now pushes simultaneously the plug of the hydraulic valve of the pressure generator ( 9b in 2 ) inwards, so that between the hydraulic valves, a channel is formed through which hydraulic fluid can flow.

13 shows an improved rivet insert 49 , which can be used for example in connection with the previously described pressing device. The rivet insert 49 is intended for known, on the market rivet heads. For this purpose, a known headpiece 51 by means of a clamping sleeve 52 , which on a clamping cone 53 is pulled, fastened. For this purpose, the components in the housing 50 used.

14 shows a sectional view taken along the line BB in 13 , To recognize is in particular the bottom slotted clamping sleeve 52 , which from the clamping cone 53 spreads below and so a non-positive attachment of the head piece 51 provides.

In contrast to known recordings for rivet heads, this recording has no thread by means of which the head piece is attached. In known recordings with a thread, it may happen that the screw loosens. When pressing the thread is then destroyed, which can not happen in the recording shown here.

15 shows a further detailed representation of the principle. You can see the clamping cone 53 which has an approximately claw-shaped profile in the sectional view. Due to the clamping sleeve 52 put these claws positive and non-positive to the head piece 51 at.

Referring to 16 a further, alternative embodiment of the invention will be explained, in which the previously described pressure generator is operated stationary. Shown is a handle 80 with a quick coupling 81 , which corresponds to the quick coupling of the pressure generator and to which the pressing and pulling tools previously shown can be connected.

The handle 80 has an actuating device 32 on which a pulling or pressing process can be established.

Connected is the handle 80 via a hydraulic line 83 , This is preferably connected by means of a quick coupling (not shown) with the pressure generator.

Further, the handle comprises the pneumatic control lines 84 and 85 , which are connected to a correspondingly modified pressure generator preferably also by means of a quick coupling and on this according to the function of the actuator 2 in 2 can be controlled.

The use of such a handle makes it possible that the handset with which rivets are set, for example, can be made more compact.

In particular, the invention enables very compact riveting and pressing tools, over which a very high tensile force can be exerted.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

pressure generator

2

actuator

3

pressure regulator

4

Handle

5

casing

6

Compressed air connection

7

Safety actuator

8th

quick coupling

9

hydraulic valve

9a

shell

9b

Plug

10

screw

11

pen

12

switching valve

13

pneumatic piston

14

working space

15

channel

16

channel

17

feather

18

hydraulic pistons

19

suction

20

hydraulics

21

relief valve

22

channel

23

locking lever

24

engaging member

25

setting ring

26

pressing device

27

quick coupling

28

headpiece

29

hydraulic valve

30

piston

31

feather

32

groove

33

rivet clamp

34

locking pin

35

Rivet

36

Blindnieteinrichtung

37

hitch

38

headpiece

39

pivot bearing

40

holder

41

detent mechanism

42

piston

43

container

44

gripper

45

Rotary union

46

poetry

47

casing

48

feather

49

rivet insertion

50

casing

51

headpiece

52

clamping sleeve

53

expansion cone

54

Pilot control valve

55

shell

56

pen

57

connector

58

exhaust chamber

59

pressure valve

60

relief piston

61

Flow control valve

62

control bore

63

valve seat

64

piston

65

channel

66

piston

80

grip

81

quick coupling

82

actuator

83

hydraulic connection

84

Pneumatic control line

85

Pneumatic control line

Claims (13)

Pressure generator for a hydraulic tool, in particular for a pulling and / or pressing device, comprising a pneumatic piston which is coupled to a hydraulic piston, wherein the pneumatic piston is oscillated by means of a control device, so that by oscillating movement of the hydraulic piston in a hydraulic range, a pressure generated is, and wherein the hydraulic portion comprises a quick coupling with a hydraulic line for a hydraulic tool. Pressure generator for a hydraulic tool according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the control device comprises a piston control comprises. Pressure generator for a hydraulic tool according to the preceding claim, characterized in that a pilot control valve via the pneumatic piston is movable to a closed position. Pressure generator for a hydraulic tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hydraulic region has a relief valve. Pressure generator for a hydraulic tool according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the relief valve, in particular via a pneumatic line, with the control device and / or with an actuating device is actuated, such that the relief valve opens in a non-actuated position. Pressure generator for a hydraulic tool according to one of the preceding two claims, characterized in that the relief valve is connected to a safety actuator, which must be actuated to generate by means of an actuator pressure in the hydraulic region. Pressure generator for a hydraulic tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a hydraulic fluid reservoir is arranged in a chamber which extends at least partially around the hydraulic piston. Pressure generator for a hydraulic tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the quick coupling has a self-closing valve for hydraulic fluid. Pressure generator for a hydraulic tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pressure generator has an actuating device. Pressure generator for a hydraulic tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the quick coupling comprises engagement elements, which are movable by means of a slotted guide radially in the direction of a central axis. Pressure generator for a hydraulic tool, in particular according to one of the preceding claims, comprising a pneumatic piston which is coupled to a hydraulic piston, wherein the pneumatic piston by means of a control device is oscillated, so that by oscillating movement of the hydraulic piston in a hydraulic range, a pressure can be generated in a working space of the pneumatic piston, a pilot control valve actuated by the reset of the pneumatic piston, in particular in a closed position is movable. Pulling or pressing tool, in particular riveting tool, punching tool or cartridge press, comprising at least one hydraulic area with a hydraulic piston, which is connected by means of a quick coupling with a pressure generator according to one of the preceding claims. Tool system comprising a pressure generator according to one of the preceding claims and a plurality of different tension and / or pressing devices, which are connectable by means of a quick coupling with the pressure generator.

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