EP3360647B1 - Rivet or punching press - Google Patents

Rivet or punching press Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3360647B1
EP3360647B1 EP18155783.6A EP18155783A EP3360647B1 EP 3360647 B1 EP3360647 B1 EP 3360647B1 EP 18155783 A EP18155783 A EP 18155783A EP 3360647 B1 EP3360647 B1 EP 3360647B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure
hydraulic
piston
riveting
pneumatic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP18155783.6A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3360647A1 (en
Inventor
Klaus Reitzig
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ws Wielander and Schill Engineering & Co KG GmbH
Original Assignee
Ws Wielander and Schill Engineering & Co KG GmbH
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Publication of EP3360647A1 publication Critical patent/EP3360647A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B27/00—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for
    • B25B27/02—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for for connecting objects by press fit or detaching same
    • B25B27/10—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for for connecting objects by press fit or detaching same inserting fittings into hoses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J15/00—Riveting
    • B21J15/02—Riveting procedures
    • B21J15/025—Setting self-piercing rivets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J15/00—Riveting
    • B21J15/02—Riveting procedures
    • B21J15/04—Riveting hollow rivets mechanically
    • B21J15/043—Riveting hollow rivets mechanically by pulling a mandrel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J15/00—Riveting
    • B21J15/10—Riveting machines
    • B21J15/105—Portable riveters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J15/00—Riveting
    • B21J15/10—Riveting machines
    • B21J15/16—Drives for riveting machines; Transmission means therefor
    • B21J15/22—Drives for riveting machines; Transmission means therefor operated by both hydraulic or liquid pressure and gas pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25F—COMBINATION OR MULTI-PURPOSE TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DETAILS OR COMPONENTS OF PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS NOT PARTICULARLY RELATED TO THE OPERATIONS PERFORMED AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B25F5/00—Details or components of portable power-driven tools not particularly related to the operations performed and not otherwise provided for
    • B25F5/005—Hydraulic driving means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B11/00—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor
    • F15B11/02—Systems essentially incorporating special features for controlling the speed or actuating force of an output member
    • F15B11/028—Systems essentially incorporating special features for controlling the speed or actuating force of an output member for controlling the actuating force
    • F15B11/032—Systems essentially incorporating special features for controlling the speed or actuating force of an output member for controlling the actuating force by means of fluid-pressure converters
    • F15B11/0325—Systems essentially incorporating special features for controlling the speed or actuating force of an output member for controlling the actuating force by means of fluid-pressure converters the fluid-pressure converter increasing the working force after an approach stroke
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B11/00—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor
    • F15B11/02—Systems essentially incorporating special features for controlling the speed or actuating force of an output member
    • F15B11/028—Systems essentially incorporating special features for controlling the speed or actuating force of an output member for controlling the actuating force
    • F15B11/036—Systems essentially incorporating special features for controlling the speed or actuating force of an output member for controlling the actuating force by means of servomotors having a plurality of working chambers
    • F15B11/0365—Tandem constructions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B11/00—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor
    • F15B11/06—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor involving features specific to the use of a compressible medium, e.g. air, steam
    • F15B11/072—Combined pneumatic-hydraulic systems
    • F15B11/0725—Combined pneumatic-hydraulic systems with the driving energy being derived from a pneumatic system, a subsequent hydraulic system displacing or controlling the output element
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B3/00—Intensifiers or fluid-pressure converters, e.g. pressure exchangers; Conveying pressure from one fluid system to another, without contact between the fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/20—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone
    • F23D14/22—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone with separate air and gas feed ducts, e.g. with ducts running parallel or crossing each other
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/32—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid using a mixture of gaseous fuel and pure oxygen or oxygen-enriched air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/48—Nozzles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/72—Safety devices, e.g. operative in case of failure of gas supply
    • F23D14/78—Cooling burner parts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/20—Fluid pressure source, e.g. accumulator or variable axial piston pump
    • F15B2211/21—Systems with pressure sources other than pumps, e.g. with a pyrotechnical charge
    • F15B2211/216—Systems with pressure sources other than pumps, e.g. with a pyrotechnical charge the pressure sources being pneumatic-to-hydraulic converters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/70—Output members, e.g. hydraulic motors or cylinders or control therefor
    • F15B2211/705—Output members, e.g. hydraulic motors or cylinders or control therefor characterised by the type of output members or actuators
    • F15B2211/7051—Linear output members
    • F15B2211/7055—Linear output members having more than two chambers
    • F15B2211/7056—Tandem cylinders
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/70—Output members, e.g. hydraulic motors or cylinders or control therefor
    • F15B2211/775—Combined control, e.g. control of speed and force for providing a high speed approach stroke with low force followed by a low speed working stroke with high force, e.g. for a hydraulic press

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a riveting or punching tool which is used in particular in the bodywork sector.
  • the disclosure document DE 10 2011 111 533 A2 shows a pressure generator designed as a hydraulic-pneumatic pump, which is used in particular for riveting, punching, pressing or drawing tools that are required for body work.
  • the pressure generator is designed as a compact hand-held device and includes a quick-release coupling via which a tool application, such as a riveting tool, can be connected to the pressure generator.
  • a pneumatic piston is driven in an oscillating manner via a compressed air connection, which moves a hydraulic piston with a smaller diameter.
  • Such a high transmission ratio can be provided by the design of the piston surfaces that a standard compressed air connection with a pressure of less than 10 bar in the hydraulic area, pressures of several 100 bar can be generated. Due to the oscillating working principle, a sufficient quantity of hydraulic fluid can be moved at the same time in order to be able to drive riveting, stamping, pressing or drawing tools that include a hydraulic working piston.
  • the hydraulic piston of the connected tool application first has to cover a certain distance before a movable tool part connected to the hydraulic piston comes into contact with the sheet metal, for example, or until the two halves of a rivet are in contact. Only then does the hydraulic piston of the tool application have to be subjected to high pressure, for example to carry out a riveting or punching process.
  • seals in the hydraulic area in particular in which there is a very high pressure, are subject to unnecessary wear during advancement, since high forces and therefore high pressures are only required at the beginning of the riveting or punching process.
  • the document JP H11245177 shows a cutting pliers with a rapid feed.
  • the document DE 10 2011 052 115 A1 shows a portable pressure intensifier.
  • the object of the invention is to reduce the stated disadvantages of the prior art. It is in particular an object of the invention to provide a pressure generator which, together with an attached tool application, enables easier and safer operation.
  • the object of the invention is achieved by a riveting or punching tool according to claim 1.
  • the invention relates to a riveting or punching tool with a pressure generator.
  • This is designed as a hand-held device and includes a compressed air connection with which it can be connected to a compressed air line.
  • the compressed air connection is therefore located on the housing of the hand-held device.
  • the pressure generator preferably includes a handle with an actuating element, in particular with a switch, with which it can be activated. The user can thus take the pressure generator by the handle and carry it with him, the pressure generator only being connected on site via a compressed air line.
  • the pressure generator includes a pressure intensifier working as a pneumatic-hydraulic pump with a pneumatic area and a hydraulic area.
  • the pressure booster thus comprises at least one oscillatingly driven pneumatic piston, via which a smaller hydraulic piston is driven, which generates pressure in the hydraulic area and which sucks in and delivers hydraulic fluid with each working stroke.
  • the transmission ratio is preferably more than 1:20, particularly preferably more than 1:50 and very particularly preferably more than 1:100. In the hydraulic area, a higher pressure corresponding to this ratio is present than in the pneumatic area.
  • the pressure generator also includes a self-closing hydraulic coupling for connecting a hydraulically operated tool application.
  • the self-closing hydraulic coupling is designed in particular as a component of a quick-action coupling, which serves both to form a hydraulic fluid channel between the tool application and the pressure generator and to mechanically fasten them.
  • a quick-action coupling which serves both to form a hydraulic fluid channel between the tool application and the pressure generator and to mechanically fasten them.
  • it can be a coupling with a ball link or a bayonet lock.
  • a hydraulically operated tool application is understood as meaning an attachment that can be coupled to the pressure generator and with which a forming process is possible by driving a hydraulic piston.
  • the tool application is designed for setting rivets or for punching holes. It can be either a pulling device, which is used, for example, to set rivets, or a pushing device, which is designed, for example, as a rivet clip or a punching device.
  • the hydraulic area can be subjected to pneumatic pressure independently of the pressure booster.
  • the invention thus provides that pressure in the hydraulic area can be generated not only via the pressure booster in the form of an oscillating pump, but that the compressed air directly generates pressure in the hydraulic area, for example via a switchable valve.
  • the pressure in the hydraulic area corresponds to the pneumatic pressure.
  • the pressure generator can also include a pressure reducer in order to limit the inlet pressure to a desired level.
  • a moving component of the hydraulically operated tool application in particular a riveting punch or a punching mandrel, can thus be moved up to the metal sheet or just in front of the metal sheet in a first step, with the pressure intensifier working as a pneumatic-hydraulic pump only then being activated in order to carry out a forming process e.g. a riveting or punching process.
  • the pressure intensifier has to be moved with significantly fewer strokes in most applications, since a distance in which no high force is required is covered using the pneumatic pressure.
  • the invention also offers advantages when using hydraulically operated tool applications with a pulling device.
  • a blind rivet in a blind rivet application, can be held in place due to the existing pneumatic pressure without the rivet being deformed.
  • the rivet can thus be inserted into the bore provided for this purpose in a simplified manner, without the risk of falling out, with the forming process and thus the setting of the rivet then being initiated via the pressure intensifier.
  • the pressure generator comprises an actuating element which has two stages, with pneumatic pressure being applied to the hydraulic area in a first stage and the pressure booster being switched on in a second stage.
  • the actuator can in particular be a single switch that switches the two stages depending on how deeply the switch is pressed.
  • the switch can be attached to a handle of the pressure intensifier.
  • the switch opens a valve via which compressed air is applied to the pneumatic area.
  • the piston of a rivet application attached to the pressure generator then moves in the intended direction until it encounters resistance.
  • the user can then activate the pressure booster, for example by pressing the switch deeper, in particular via a suitable pneumatic control valve, whereupon the piston of the rivet application is subjected to a higher pressure, in particular at least 10 times higher pressure, and carries out the intended forming process.
  • the hydraulic area can be subjected to pneumatic pressure in that compressed air compresses a membrane or displaces a piston via a valve.
  • a membrane in particular a membrane in the form of a bag, is provided, which is filled with hydraulic fluid.
  • this membrane rests against the wall of a chamber provided for this purpose.
  • a valve is actuated, which allows compressed air to flow into the chamber of the diaphragm via a channel.
  • the hydraulic area is pressurized, the pressure now existing in the hydraulic area (with the exception of pressure losses, for example due to a tensioning against it membrane) corresponds to the pressure in a range of pneumatics.
  • hydraulic fluid can flow into the tool application until it stops due to an existing resistance, as described above.
  • the membrane collapses depending on the amount of hydraulic fluid. Resetting the tool application allows the oil to flow back by returning the diaphragm to its original state.
  • the membrane is preferably located next to a working space of the at least one pneumatic piston.
  • the membrane is preferably designed in the shape of a cylinder, in particular in the shape of a circular cylinder.
  • the membrane When the pressure booster is switched on, the membrane preferably simultaneously forms the buffer volume from which hydraulic fluid continues to flow if this is pumped into the tool application via the pressure booster.
  • a piston can also be used, which is guided in a working chamber that is filled with hydraulic fluid on one side, and compressed air can be introduced via the valve on the other side.
  • the pressure generator includes a bypass valve, via which hydraulic fluid can flow back to a working space of the membrane or the piston.
  • bypass valve After completion of a forming process, in particular after releasing the actuating member, the bypass valve opens and the hydraulic fluid can flow back into the working space of the membrane or the piston.
  • the pressure generator includes a pressure regulator, by means of which the pneumatic pressure for the pressure booster can be regulated separately from the pressure with which the hydraulic area can be acted upon.
  • the invention therefore provides that the pressure which is applied to the pressure booster and thus to the pneumatic piston in the actuated state can be adjusted via a pressure regulator.
  • this can be used to regulate the force with which an attached tool, in particular a rivet application, is operated.
  • the force of the push or pull device of the tool application can be reduced by at least 20%, preferably by at least 40%.
  • the pressure with which the hydraulic area can be applied in order to advance a piston of the tool application until it meets resistance is independent of the pressure applied to the pressure booster, there is no risk that when low forces are set, the The pressure achieved in the hydraulic area by simply applying compressed air is not so low that it is not enough to move the piston of the tool application.
  • the pressure booster includes at least two pistons that are connected to a single hydraulic piston.
  • the pressure booster comprises two pistons connected in series, ie a tandem piston, which are connected to a rod through which a channel leads.
  • a tandem piston which are connected to a rod through which a channel leads.
  • the pressure generator includes a channel through which compressed air, which leaves the working space of a pneumatic piston, flows into a rear chamber of the piston.
  • the compressed air flowing out of the working chamber of the pneumatic piston is therefore not routed directly to the outside, but is first routed via a channel into a rear chamber of the piston.
  • the air can expand here before it is let out, resulting in improved soundproofing.
  • the piston is at least also reset by the expanding compressed air, which makes it possible, for example, to dimension the spring present in a zero position at least weaker for resetting the piston.
  • the performance of the pressure generator can thus also be increased, since the pressure intensifier, which works as a pneumatic-hydraulic pump, has to work less against the spring force.
  • All known riveting, punching, setting, pressing or pulling tools can be used as a hydraulically operated tool application for the pressure generator, in particular rivet brackets for processing two-piece rivets, hydraulically operated pulling devices for blind rivets, brackets with a punching mandrel, etc.
  • the riveting or punching tool includes a hydraulically operated tool application, which is connected to the pressure generator via a self-closing hydraulic coupling.
  • Rapid feed is understood to mean an embodiment of the tool in such a way that it can be actuated in two stages, with a piston of the tool application being moved with such force during rapid feed that it comes to a standstill when there is resistance, for example due to an adjacent sheet metal part.
  • a tool application connected to the pressure intensifier does not necessarily have to have a higher feed rate.
  • the hydraulic pressure generated by the pressure generator is so low that a forming process does not occur.
  • the hydraulic pressure during rapid feed is less than one tenth of the pressure during the forming process.
  • the feed rate is preferably higher during rapid feed than during operation of the pressure generator, in particular since a large quantity of hydraulic fluid can be moved quickly via a membrane.
  • a higher force in particular a force that is at least ten times higher, generated by the tool application and a riveting or punching process is carried out.
  • the rapid feed can be activated by pressurizing a hydraulic area of the tool with compressed air via a valve.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a pressure generator 1.
  • the pressure generator 1 is designed as a hand-held device and comprises a housing 2 with a compressed air connection 9 on the rear.
  • the pressure generator 1 comprises a handle 3 with an actuating member 6 in the form of a switch.
  • the pressure generator 1 can be switched to a first and a second stage.
  • hydraulic fluid is fed via the quick coupling 5 with the self-closing hydraulic valve 4 into a tool application connected to the pressure generator 1 (cf. Figures 5 and 5 ) promoted.
  • the user can switch the actuating element 6 to a second stage by pressing it deeper, in which a significantly higher pressure, in particular a pressure that is at least ten times higher, is generated in the hydraulic area 14 so that a forming process, in particular a riveting or punching process, can then be carried out by the coupled tool application.
  • a significantly higher pressure in particular a pressure that is at least ten times higher
  • the actuating element 6 can also be seen on the handle 3 of the pressure generator 1 in this view.
  • the actuator 6 is blocked by a safety switch 7, which must be actuated simultaneously in order to depress the actuator 6.
  • the hydraulic valve 4 arranged on the quick coupling 5 can be seen. This is designed to be self-closing and establishes a hydraulic connection to a connected tool application.
  • the pressure generator 1 includes a compressed air connection 9.
  • the compressed air connection 9 leads to a pressure control valve 10, which is designed in particular as an upstream pressure limiter.
  • the actuator 6 acts on a valve 11, which is designed as a 5/2-way valve in this embodiment.
  • a first stage when the actuating member 6 is actuated, the valve 11 is moved into a switching state, so that compressed air can flow via a channel 15 into a chamber in which a membrane 16, which is designed as a cylindrical bag in this embodiment, can flow.
  • a piston (not shown) could be used instead of a diaphragm.
  • the chamber within which the membrane 16 is arranged is part of the housing 2 of the pressure intensifier 1.
  • Hydraulic fluid can then flow in the direction of the hydraulic area via the channel 17 .
  • the hydraulic fluid first flows into the ring channel 40.
  • the hydraulic fluid flows via the suction valve 33 to the hydraulic valve 4.
  • the membrane 16 collapses in its working space until the hydraulic piston of a connected tool application comes to rest.
  • the pulling or pushing device of the connected tool application generates a small force that is not yet sufficient to start a forming process.
  • the tool application can be connected to the quick coupling 5 by unlocking it using the lever 34, putting on the tool application and then locking it again using the lever 34.
  • the quick coupling 5 is designed as a rotatable coupling with a ball link.
  • valve 11 By pressing the actuating member 6 deeper, the valve 11 is also pressed further down, so that it now actuates a valve 20, which is preferably designed as a tilting valve.
  • the valve 20 is arranged on the flow side behind a pressure regulator 12 via which the pressure applied to the pressure booster can be regulated via the pressure control valve 10 .
  • the pressure present behind the pressure control valve 10, which drives the pressure booster, can be read on the manometer 43.
  • the entire pneumatic area 13 is also outlined with a dashed line.
  • the pressure generator 1 includes a pressure booster, which in this exemplary embodiment includes a tandem piston, consisting of the pistons 24 and 25, and a hydraulic piston 32 connected thereto.
  • compressed air at the pressure preset via the pressure regulator 12 is fed via the valve 20 into the channel 21 , via which the compressed air flows into the working chamber 22 of the piston 24 .
  • the piston 24 is connected via a rod 41 with a channel 26 to a second piston 25, in the working chamber 23 of which compressed air also flows.
  • the pistons 24, 25, which form a tandem piston, are connected to the hydraulic piston 32, which sucks in hydraulic fluid via the suction valve 33 and delivers it at high pressure in the direction of the hydraulic valve 4 via the pressure valve 42, which only lets the hydraulic fluid through in one direction.
  • the pistons 24 and 25 are thus initially pushed forward during a working cycle by the compressed air flowing into the working chambers 22 and 23, the effective piston area being almost doubled by the two pistons 24, 25.
  • a transmission ratio of more than 1:80, preferably more than 1:100, can be provided with compact dimensions at the same time. At the same time, a high conveying capacity can be achieved. With the same transmission ratio, this can be twice as high or even higher.
  • the piston 24 runs over a control bore 27.
  • the pistons 24, 25 are now moved back into an initial position via a return spring.
  • the return spring is located in the rear chamber 31.
  • the compressed air present in the working chambers 22, 23 now flows through at least one channel 30 (not visible here) at least into a rear chamber 31 of the piston 25, and preferably also via a channel into a rear chamber of the piston 24.
  • the compressed air can first relax in the chamber 31 before it is released, which considerably improves the noise damping of the pressure generator 1 according to the expansion muffler principle.
  • the pressure booster formed by the pistons 24, 25 and the hydraulic piston 32 together with the control works as an oscillating pump and pumps hydraulic fluid at high pressure via the suction valve 33 and pressure valve 42.
  • the pressure intensifier 1 stops, for example because the hydraulic piston of a tool application cannot be moved any further.
  • the bypass valve 19 opens and the hydraulic fluid can flow back into the hydraulic area 14 of the pressure generator 1 via the channel 18 so that the piston of the tool application moves back.
  • bypass valve 19 can also be actuated manually via a relief lever 8, so that the user can reset the tool even without compressed air being present.
  • Fig. 14 is a perspective view of the pressure generator 1 with a front case omitted.
  • This view shows in particular that the air flowing out of the working chambers 22 and 23 is first guided forwards via at least one duct 30, preferably via several ducts 30, i.e. in the direction of the quick coupling 5, and only then via a preferably with a muffler provided outlet 37 occurs.
  • the compressed air flows via the lateral channels 30 into the rear chamber 31 of the piston 25, where it can expand.
  • the compressed air then flows out of the chamber 31 via at least one channel 44, preferably via two channels 44, to the outlet 37, preferably to two outlets 37.
  • the channel 30 seen in this view is closed by the housing part hidden in this view.
  • the channel 30 preferably has a branch via which compressed air also flows into a rear chamber of the piston 24 when the pistons 24, 25 are reset.
  • FIG. 4 shows a tool application in the form of an attachable adapter for processing blind rivets, i.e. a blind rivet application 36.
  • the blind rivet application 36 includes a pulling device with the claws 45, with which the tool pulls on the pin of a blind rivet until it is deformed. At the end of the riveting process, the pin tears off.
  • the blind rivet application 36 is connected by means of the self-closing hydraulic coupling 38 to the quick coupling 5 of the pressure generator 1 and includes a hydraulic piston 39 which is in the Working space 51 is moved backwards, thereby actuating the claws 45 of the pulling device.
  • the hydraulic piston 39 is reset by the spring 46 and the volume of hydraulic fluid that has flowed into the working chamber 51 runs back into the pressure generator 1 via the hydraulic coupling 38.
  • the membrane 16 serves as a buffer volume.
  • FIG. 5 shows a rivet application 47, for example for processing two-part rivets, which is designed as a pressing device.
  • Stamping tools are also mostly bow-shaped and include a similarly configured pressing device.
  • a particular advantage is that through the use of the pressure generator 1 with a Hydraulic piston of the tool application associated moving part of the tool application, ie, for example, the head piece 48, can be set back and forth as desired and thereby aligned without already starting a forming process.

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Description

Gebiet der Erfindungfield of invention

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Niet- oder Stanzwerkzeug, welches insbesondere im Karosseriebereich Verwendung findet.The invention relates to a riveting or punching tool which is used in particular in the bodywork sector.

Hintergrund der ErfindungBackground of the Invention

Die Offenlegungsschrift DE 10 2011 111 533 A2 (WSEngineering GmbH & Co. KG ) zeigt einen als hydraulischpneumatische Pumpe ausgebildeten Druckerzeuger, welcher insbesondere für Niet-, Stanz-, Press- oder Ziehwerkzeuge, die bei Karosseriearbeiten benötigt werden, Verwendung findet.The disclosure document DE 10 2011 111 533 A2 (WS Engineering GmbH & Co. KG ) shows a pressure generator designed as a hydraulic-pneumatic pump, which is used in particular for riveting, punching, pressing or drawing tools that are required for body work.

Der Druckerzeuger ist als kompaktes Handgerät ausgebildet und umfasst eine Schnellkupplung, über die eine Werkzeugapplikation, wie beispielsweise ein Nietgerät, mit dem Druckerzeuger verbunden werden kann.The pressure generator is designed as a compact hand-held device and includes a quick-release coupling via which a tool application, such as a riveting tool, can be connected to the pressure generator.

Über einen Druckluftanschluss wird ein pneumatischer Kolben oszillierend angetrieben, welcher einen Hydraulikkolben bewegt, der einen kleineren Durchmesser aufweist.A pneumatic piston is driven in an oscillating manner via a compressed air connection, which moves a hydraulic piston with a smaller diameter.

Über die Auslegung der Kolbenflächen lässt sich ein derart hohes Übersetzungsverhältnis bereitstellen, dass an einem Standard-Druckluftanschluss mit einem Druck von weniger als 10 bar im Hydraulikbereich Drücke von mehreren 100 bar erzeugbar sind. Aufgrund des oszillierenden Arbeitsprinzips lässt sich gleichzeitig eine hinreichende Menge von Hydraulikfluid bewegen, um Niet-, Stanz-, Press- oder Ziehwerkzeuge, die einen hydraulischen Arbeitskolben umfassen, antreiben zu können.Such a high transmission ratio can be provided by the design of the piston surfaces that a standard compressed air connection with a pressure of less than 10 bar in the hydraulic area, pressures of several 100 bar can be generated. Due to the oscillating working principle, a sufficient quantity of hydraulic fluid can be moved at the same time in order to be able to drive riveting, stamping, pressing or drawing tools that include a hydraulic working piston.

Bereits durch dieses Werkzeugkonzept konnte ein universell funktionales Werkzeug bereitgestellt werden, welches auch bei der Verarbeitung von hochfesten Stählen sowie von Verbundmaterialien über eine hinreichende Kraft verfügt.With this tool concept alone, a universally functional tool could be provided, which also has sufficient power when processing high-strength steels and composite materials.

Bei einem derartigen Werkzeug hat sich aber als nachteilig erwiesen, dass der Hydraulikkolben einer angeschlossenen Werkzeugapplikation bereits zu Beginn des jeweiligen Umformvorgangs über die oszillierende Pumpe bewegt wird.With a tool of this type, however, it has proven to be disadvantageous that the hydraulic piston of a connected tool application is already moved by the oscillating pump at the beginning of the respective forming process.

In vielen Anwendungsfällen muss der Hydraulikkolben der angeschlossenen Werkzeugapplikation erst einmal eine bestimmte Strecke zurücklegen, bis ein mit dem Hydraulikkolben verbundenes bewegliches Werkzeugteil beispielsweise mit dem Blech in Kontakt kommt oder bis beispielsweise die beiden Hälften eines Niets aneinander liegen. Erst dann muss der Hydraulikkolben der Werkzeugapplikation mit hohem Druck beaufschlagt werden, um beispielsweise einen Niet- oder Stanzvorgang durchzuführen.In many applications, the hydraulic piston of the connected tool application first has to cover a certain distance before a movable tool part connected to the hydraulic piston comes into contact with the sheet metal, for example, or until the two halves of a rivet are in contact. Only then does the hydraulic piston of the tool application have to be subjected to high pressure, for example to carry out a riveting or punching process.

Dies hat zum einen Handhabungsnachteile. So ist beispielsweise bei einer Werkzeugapplikation mit einem Nietbügel, je nach Blechdicke, ein relativ großer Vorschub erforderlich, bevor der Niet das Blech erreicht. Aufgrund dieses Abstandes ist es schwieriger, den Niet genau zu setzen. Dies gilt insbesondere für Stanzniete, welche verarbeitet werden, ohne dass das Blech vorgebohrt ist.On the one hand, this has handling disadvantages. For example, in the case of a tool application with a rivet bracket, depending on the sheet metal thickness, a relatively high feed rate is required before the rivet reaches the sheet metal. This distance makes it more difficult to place the rivet accurately put. This applies in particular to self-piercing rivets, which are processed without the sheet metal being pre-drilled.

Des Weiteren unterliegen insbesondere die Dichtungen im Hydraulikbereich, in dem ein sehr hoher Druck vorhanden ist, beim Vorschieben einem an sich unnötigen Verschleiß, da erst mit Beginn des Niet- oder Stanzvorgangs hohe Kräfte und damit hohe Drücke erforderlich sind.Furthermore, the seals in the hydraulic area in particular, in which there is a very high pressure, are subject to unnecessary wear during advancement, since high forces and therefore high pressures are only required at the beginning of the riveting or punching process.

Das Dokument JP H11245177 zeigt einen Schneidzange mit einem Schnellvorschub. Das Dokument DE 10 2011 052 115 A1 zeigt einen tragbaren Druckübersetzer.The document JP H11245177 shows a cutting pliers with a rapid feed. The document DE 10 2011 052 115 A1 shows a portable pressure intensifier.

Aufgabe der Erfindungobject of the invention

Der Erfindung liegt demgegenüber die Aufgabe zugrunde, die genannten Nachteile des Standes der Technik zu reduzieren. Es ist insbesondere eine Aufgabe der Erfindung, einen Druckerzeuger bereitzustellen, der, zusammen mit einer aufgesetzten Werkzeugapplikation, eine leichtere und sicherere Bedienung ermöglicht.In contrast, the object of the invention is to reduce the stated disadvantages of the prior art. It is in particular an object of the invention to provide a pressure generator which, together with an attached tool application, enables easier and safer operation.

Zusammenfassung der ErfindungSummary of the Invention

Die Aufgabe der Erfindung wird durch ein Niet- oder Stanzwerkzeug nach Anspruch 1 gelöst.The object of the invention is achieved by a riveting or punching tool according to claim 1.

Bevorzugte Ausführungsformen und Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind dem Gegenstand der abhängigen Ansprüche, der Beschreibung sowie den Zeichnungen zu entnehmen.Preferred embodiments and developments of the invention can be found in the subject matter of the dependent claims, the description and the drawings.

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Niet- oder Stanzwerkzeug mit einem Druckerzeuger. Dieser ist als Handgerät ausgebildet und umfasst einen Druckluftanschluss, mit welchem dieser an einer Druckluftleitung angeschlossen werden kann. Der Druckluftanschluss befindet sich also an dem Gehäuse des Handgeräts.The invention relates to a riveting or punching tool with a pressure generator. This is designed as a hand-held device and includes a compressed air connection with which it can be connected to a compressed air line. The compressed air connection is therefore located on the housing of the hand-held device.

Vorzugsweise umfasst der Druckerzeuger einen Griff mit einem Betätigungsorgan, insbesondere mit einem Schalter, mit welchem dieser aktiviert werden kann. Der Benutzer kann so den Druckerzeuger am Griff nehmen und mit sich führen, wobei der Druckerzeuger lediglich über eine Druckluftleitung bauseitig angeschlossen ist.The pressure generator preferably includes a handle with an actuating element, in particular with a switch, with which it can be activated. The user can thus take the pressure generator by the handle and carry it with him, the pressure generator only being connected on site via a compressed air line.

Der Druckerzeuger umfasst einen als pneumatisch-hydraulische Pumpe arbeitenden Druckübersetzer mit einem Pneumatikbereich und einem Hydraulikbereich.The pressure generator includes a pressure intensifier working as a pneumatic-hydraulic pump with a pneumatic area and a hydraulic area.

Der Druckübersetzer umfasst also zumindest einen oszillierend angetriebenen Pneumatikkolben, über den ein kleinerer Hydraulikkolben angetrieben wird, welcher Druck im Hydraulikbereich erzeugt und welcher bei jedem Arbeitstakt Hydraulikfluid ansaugt und fördert.The pressure booster thus comprises at least one oscillatingly driven pneumatic piston, via which a smaller hydraulic piston is driven, which generates pressure in the hydraulic area and which sucks in and delivers hydraulic fluid with each working stroke.

Das Übersetzungsverhältnis liegt dabei vorzugsweise bei über 1:20, besonders bevorzugt bei über 1:50 und ganz besonders bevorzugt bei über 1:100. Im Hydraulikbereich ist also ein diesem Verhältnis entsprechend höherer Druck vorhanden als im Pneumatikbereich.The transmission ratio is preferably more than 1:20, particularly preferably more than 1:50 and very particularly preferably more than 1:100. In the hydraulic area, a higher pressure corresponding to this ratio is present than in the pneumatic area.

Weiter umfasst der Druckerzeuger eine selbstschließende Hydraulikkupplung zum Anschluss einer hydraulisch betriebenen Werkzeugapplikation.The pressure generator also includes a self-closing hydraulic coupling for connecting a hydraulically operated tool application.

Die selbstschließende Hydraulikkupplung ist insbesondere als Bestandteil einer Schnellkupplung ausgebildet, welche sowohl dem Ausbilden eines hydraulischen Fluidkanals zwischen Werkzeugapplikation und Druckerzeuger als auch deren mechanischer Befestigung dient. Es kann sich insbesondere um eine Kupplung mit einer Kugelkulisse oder einen Bajonettverschluss handeln.The self-closing hydraulic coupling is designed in particular as a component of a quick-action coupling, which serves both to form a hydraulic fluid channel between the tool application and the pressure generator and to mechanically fasten them. In particular, it can be a coupling with a ball link or a bayonet lock.

Unter einer hydraulisch betriebenen Werkzeugapplikation wird ein mit dem Druckerzeuger koppelbarer Aufsatz verstanden, mit welchem ein Umformvorgang durch Antrieb eines hydraulischen Kolbens möglich ist. Insbesondere ist die Werkzeugapplikation zum Setzen von Nieten oder zum Stanzen von Löchern ausgebildet. Es kann sich sowohl um eine Zugvorrichtung handeln, die z.B. zum Setzen von Bildnieten verwendet wird, als auch um eine Drückvorrichtung, die z.B. als Nietbügel oder Stanzvorrichtung ausgebildet ist.A hydraulically operated tool application is understood as meaning an attachment that can be coupled to the pressure generator and with which a forming process is possible by driving a hydraulic piston. In particular, the tool application is designed for setting rivets or for punching holes. It can be either a pulling device, which is used, for example, to set rivets, or a pushing device, which is designed, for example, as a rivet clip or a punching device.

Gemäß der Erfindung ist der Hydraulikbereich unabhängig vom Druckübersetzer mit Pneumatikdruck beaufschlagbar.According to the invention, the hydraulic area can be subjected to pneumatic pressure independently of the pressure booster.

Die Erfindung sieht also vor, dass Druck im Hydraulikbereich nicht nur über den Druckübersetzer in Form einer oszillierenden Pumpe erzeugt werden kann, sondern dass direkt die Druckluft, beispielsweise über ein schaltbares Ventil, Druck im Hydraulikbereich erzeugt.The invention thus provides that pressure in the hydraulic area can be generated not only via the pressure booster in the form of an oscillating pump, but that the compressed air directly generates pressure in the hydraulic area, for example via a switchable valve.

So entspricht in einem Betriebszustand der Druck im Hydraulikbereich dem Pneumatikdruck. Es versteht sich, dass der Druckerzeuger noch einen Druckreduzierer umfassen kann, um den Eingangsdruck auf ein gewünschtes Maß zu begrenzen.In one operating state, the pressure in the hydraulic area corresponds to the pneumatic pressure. It goes without saying that the pressure generator can also include a pressure reducer in order to limit the inlet pressure to a desired level.

Aufgrund dieses gegenüber dem vom Druckübersetzer erzeugten niedrigeren Drucks im Hydraulikbereich und damit am Hydraulikanschluss für die hydraulisch betriebene Werkzeugapplikation wird bei bestimmungsgemäßer Verwendung der Kolben einer hydraulisch betriebenen Werkzeugapplikation durch den anliegenden Pneumatikdruck bewegt, wobei die dann vorhandene Kraft allerdings nicht hoch genug ist, um einen Umformvorgang zu bewirken.Due to this lower pressure in the hydraulic area and thus at the hydraulic connection for the hydraulically operated tool application than that generated by the pressure intensifier, the piston of a hydraulically operated tool application is moved by the applied pneumatic pressure when used as intended, whereby the force then available is not high enough to carry out a forming process to effect.

Ein bewegliches Bauteil der hydraulisch betriebenen Werkzeugapplikation, insbesondere ein Nietstempel oder ein Stanzdorn, kann so in einem ersten Schritt bis an das Blech oder dicht vor das Blech gefahren werden, wobei sodann erst der als pneumatisch-hydraulische Pumpe arbeitende Druckübersetzer aktiviert wird, um einen Umformvorgang, also z.B. einen Niet- oder Stanzvorgang, durchzuführen.A moving component of the hydraulically operated tool application, in particular a riveting punch or a punching mandrel, can thus be moved up to the metal sheet or just in front of the metal sheet in a first step, with the pressure intensifier working as a pneumatic-hydraulic pump only then being activated in order to carry out a forming process e.g. a riveting or punching process.

Dies hat bei vielen Werkzeugapplikationen Handhabungsvorteile, da das bewegliche Bauteil des Werkzeugs an das Blech herangefahren werden kann und dort die Position noch verändert werden kann, bevor der Umformvorgang, beispielsweise in Form des Setzens eines Niets oder des Ausstanzens eines Blechteils, gestartet wird.This has handling advantages for many tool applications, since the movable component of the tool can be moved to the sheet metal and the position can be changed there before the forming process, for example in the form of setting a rivet or punching out a sheet metal part, is started.

Weiter muss der Druckübersetzer bei den meisten Anwendungsfällen mit deutlich weniger Hüben bewegt werden, da eine Strecke, in welcher keine hohe Kraft erforderlich ist, unter Verwendung des Pneumatikdrucks zurückgelegt wird.Furthermore, the pressure intensifier has to be moved with significantly fewer strokes in most applications, since a distance in which no high force is required is covered using the pneumatic pressure.

Hierdurch kann der Verschleiß, insbesondere der Dichtungen des Druckübersetzers im Hydraulikbereich, deutlich reduziert werden.As a result, wear and tear, especially on the seals of the pressure booster in the hydraulic area, can be significantly reduced.

Auch bei der Verwendung von hydraulisch betriebenen Werkzeugapplikationen mit einer Zugvorrichtung bringt die Erfindung Vorteile.The invention also offers advantages when using hydraulically operated tool applications with a pulling device.

So kann beispielsweise bei einer Blindnietapplikation ein Blindniet aufgrund des vorhandenen Pneumatikdrucks festgehalten werden, ohne dass es zu einer Umformung des Niets kommt.For example, in a blind rivet application, a blind rivet can be held in place due to the existing pneumatic pressure without the rivet being deformed.

Der Niet kann so in vereinfachter Weise, ohne dass das Risiko eines Herausfallens besteht, in die dafür vorgesehene Bohrung eingesetzt werden, wobei sodann über den Druckübersetzer der Umformvorgang und damit das Nietsetzen in die Wege geleitet wird.The rivet can thus be inserted into the bore provided for this purpose in a simplified manner, without the risk of falling out, with the forming process and thus the setting of the rivet then being initiated via the pressure intensifier.

Bei einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung umfasst der Druckerzeuger ein Betätigungsorgan, welches zwei Stufen aufweist, wobei in einer ersten Stufe der Hydraulikbereich mit Pneumatikdruck beaufschlagt wird und in einer zweiten Stufe der Druckübersetzer angeschaltet wird.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the pressure generator comprises an actuating element which has two stages, with pneumatic pressure being applied to the hydraulic area in a first stage and the pressure booster being switched on in a second stage.

Bei dem Betätigungsorgan kann es sich insbesondere um einen einzigen Schalter handeln, der in Abhängigkeit, wie tief der Schalter gedrückt ist, die zwei Stufen schaltet.The actuator can in particular be a single switch that switches the two stages depending on how deeply the switch is pressed.

Der Schalter kann insbesondere an einem Griff des Druckübersetzers angebracht sein.In particular, the switch can be attached to a handle of the pressure intensifier.

So ist beispielsweise vorgesehen, dass in einer ersten Stufe der Schalter ein Ventil öffnet, über das der Pneumatikbereich mit Druckluft beaufschlagt wird.For example, it is provided that in a first stage the switch opens a valve via which compressed air is applied to the pneumatic area.

Der Kolben einer an dem Druckerzeuger angebrachten Nietapplikation bewegt sich sodann in die vorgesehene Richtung, bis dieser auf einen Widerstand stößt.The piston of a rivet application attached to the pressure generator then moves in the intended direction until it encounters resistance.

Sodann kann der Benutzer, beispielsweise durch tieferes Drücken des Schalters, insbesondere über ein geeignetes pneumatisches Steuerventil, den Druckübersetzer aktivieren, woraufhin der Kolben der Nietapplikation mit einem höheren Druck, insbesondere mit einem mindestens 10fach höheren Druck, beaufschlagt wird und den beabsichtigten Umformvorgang durchführt.The user can then activate the pressure booster, for example by pressing the switch deeper, in particular via a suitable pneumatic control valve, whereupon the piston of the rivet application is subjected to a higher pressure, in particular at least 10 times higher pressure, and carries out the intended forming process.

Bei einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist der Hydraulikbereich mit Pneumatikdruck beaufschlagbar, indem über ein Ventil Druckluft eine Membran zusammendrückt oder einen Kolben verschiebt.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the hydraulic area can be subjected to pneumatic pressure in that compressed air compresses a membrane or displaces a piston via a valve.

Bei einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist eine Membran, insbesondere eine Membran in Form eines Beutels, vorgesehen, welche mit Hydraulikfluid gefüllt ist.In one embodiment of the invention, a membrane, in particular a membrane in the form of a bag, is provided, which is filled with hydraulic fluid.

Diese Membran liegt im nicht betätigten Zustand an der Wand einer hierfür vorgesehenen Kammer an. Beim Betätigen der ersten Stufe des Druckerzeugers wird ein Ventil betätigt, welches über einen Kanal Druckluft in die Kammer der Membran strömen lässt. Hierdurch wird der Hydraulikbereich unter Druck gesetzt, wobei der nunmehr im Hydraulikbereich vorhandene Druck (mit Ausnahme von Druckverlusten, beispielsweise aufgrund einer sich dagegen spannenden Membran) dem Druck in einem Bereich der Pneumatik entspricht.In the non-actuated state, this membrane rests against the wall of a chamber provided for this purpose. When the first stage of the pressure generator is actuated, a valve is actuated, which allows compressed air to flow into the chamber of the diaphragm via a channel. As a result, the hydraulic area is pressurized, the pressure now existing in the hydraulic area (with the exception of pressure losses, for example due to a tensioning against it membrane) corresponds to the pressure in a range of pneumatics.

Ist nunmehr eine hydraulische Werkzeugapplikation angeschlossen, kann Hydraulikfluid in die Werkzeugapplikation strömen, bis diese, wie vorstehend beschrieben, aufgrund eines vorhandenen Widerstands stoppt. Die Membran legt sich dabei in Abhängigkeit der Menge des Hydraulikfluids zusammen. Beim Zurücksetzen der Werkzeugapplikation kann das Öl zurückfließen, indem die Membran in ihren ursprünglichen Zustand zurückkehrt.If a hydraulic tool application is now connected, hydraulic fluid can flow into the tool application until it stops due to an existing resistance, as described above. The membrane collapses depending on the amount of hydraulic fluid. Resetting the tool application allows the oil to flow back by returning the diaphragm to its original state.

Um eine kompakte Bauweise zu ermöglichen, befindet sich die Membran vorzugsweise neben einem Arbeitsraum des zumindest einen Pneumatikkolbens. Die Membran ist vorzugsweise zylinderförmig, insbesondere kreiszylinderförmig, ausgebildet.In order to enable a compact design, the membrane is preferably located next to a working space of the at least one pneumatic piston. The membrane is preferably designed in the shape of a cylinder, in particular in the shape of a circular cylinder.

Bei Einschalten des Druckübersetzers bildet die Membran vorzugsweise gleichzeitig das Puffervolumen, aus welchem weiter Hydraulikfluid nachströmt, wenn dieses über den Druckübersetzer in die Werkzeugapplikation gepumpt wird.When the pressure booster is switched on, the membrane preferably simultaneously forms the buffer volume from which hydraulic fluid continues to flow if this is pumped into the tool application via the pressure booster.

Bei einer alternativen Ausführungsform der Erfindung kann statt einer Membran auch ein Kolben verwendet werden, welcher in einem Arbeitsraum geführt ist, der auf einer Seite mit Hydraulikfluid gefüllt ist, wobei auf der anderen Seite Druckluft über das Ventil eingeleitet werden kann.In an alternative embodiment of the invention, instead of a membrane, a piston can also be used, which is guided in a working chamber that is filled with hydraulic fluid on one side, and compressed air can be introduced via the valve on the other side.

Bei einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung umfasst der Druckerzeuger ein Bypass-Ventil, über welches Hydraulikfluid zurück zu einem Arbeitsraum der Membran oder des Kolbens strömen kann.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the pressure generator includes a bypass valve, via which hydraulic fluid can flow back to a working space of the membrane or the piston.

Nach Abschluss eines Umformvorgangs, insbesondere nach Loslassen des Betätigungsorgans, öffnet sich das BypassVentil und das Hydraulikfluid kann zurück in den Arbeitsraum der Membran oder des Kolbens strömen.After completion of a forming process, in particular after releasing the actuating member, the bypass valve opens and the hydraulic fluid can flow back into the working space of the membrane or the piston.

Dies kann beispielsweise durch den Kolben der aufgesetzten Nietapplikation bewirkt werden, welcher sich von selbst zurückstellt, beispielsweise indem dieser gegen eine Feder arbeitet.This can be brought about, for example, by the piston of the attached rivet application, which resets itself, for example by working against a spring.

Bei einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung umfasst der Druckerzeuger einen Druckregler, mittels dessen der Pneumatikdruck für den Druckübersetzer separat vom Druck, mit welchem der Hydraulikbereich beaufschlagbar ist, regelbar ist.In a development of the invention, the pressure generator includes a pressure regulator, by means of which the pneumatic pressure for the pressure booster can be regulated separately from the pressure with which the hydraulic area can be acted upon.

Die Erfindung sieht also vor, dass über einen Druckregler der Druck, welcher im betätigten Zustand am Druckübersetzer und damit am Pneumatikkolben anliegt, eingestellt werden kann.The invention therefore provides that the pressure which is applied to the pressure booster and thus to the pneumatic piston in the actuated state can be adjusted via a pressure regulator.

Hierüber kann letztendlich die Kraft, mit der eine aufgesetzte Werkzeug-, insbesondere Nietapplikation, betrieben wird, geregelt werden.Ultimately, this can be used to regulate the force with which an attached tool, in particular a rivet application, is operated.

Je nach verwendeter Werkzeugapplikation und je nach zu verarbeitendem Bauteil ist es erwünscht, die Kraft der Druck- oder Zugvorrichtung der Werkzeugapplikation herabzusetzen. Dies kann auf einfache Weise über eine Regulierung des Drucks im Pneumatikbereich erfolgen, insbesondere kann hierdurch die Kraft um mindestens 20, vorzugsweise um mindestens 40 % reduziert werden.Depending on the tool application used and depending on the component to be processed, it is desirable to reduce the force of the push or pull device of the tool application. This can be done in a simple way by regulating the pressure in the pneumatic area, in particular the force can be reduced by at least 20%, preferably by at least 40%.

Da gemäß der Weiterbildung der Erfindung der Druck, mit welchem der Hydraulikbereich beaufschlagbar ist, um einen Kolben der Werkzeugapplikation vorzuschieben, bis dieser auf einen Widerstand trifft, vom am Druckübersetzer anliegenden Druck unabhängig ist, besteht nicht die Gefahr, dass beim Einstellen von niedrigen Kräften der im Hydraulikbereich durch das reine Anlegen von Druckluft erzielte Druck nicht so gering ist, dass es nicht genügt, den Kolben der Werkzeugapplikation zu verschieben.Since, according to the development of the invention, the pressure with which the hydraulic area can be applied in order to advance a piston of the tool application until it meets resistance is independent of the pressure applied to the pressure booster, there is no risk that when low forces are set, the The pressure achieved in the hydraulic area by simply applying compressed air is not so low that it is not enough to move the piston of the tool application.

Bei einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung umfasst der Druckübersetzer zumindest zwei Kolben, die mit einem einzigen Hydraulikkolben verbunden sind.In a development of the invention, the pressure booster includes at least two pistons that are connected to a single hydraulic piston.

Es ist insbesondere vorgesehen, dass der Druckübersetzer zwei hintereinander geschaltete Kolben, also einen Tandemkolben, umfasst, welche mit einer Stange, durch die ein Kanal führt, verbunden sind. So lässt sich auf kompaktem Bauraum eine insgesamt größere Kolbenfläche bereitstellen, was ein hohes Übersetzungsverhältnis bei gleichzeitig kompakten Abmessungen ermöglicht.In particular, it is provided that the pressure booster comprises two pistons connected in series, ie a tandem piston, which are connected to a rod through which a channel leads. In this way, a larger overall piston area can be provided in a compact installation space, which enables a high transmission ratio with compact dimensions at the same time.

Bei einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung umfasst der Druckerzeuger einen Kanal, über den Druckluft, die den Arbeitsraum eines Pneumatikkolbens verlässt, in eine rückseitige Kammer des Kolbens strömt.In a development of the invention, the pressure generator includes a channel through which compressed air, which leaves the working space of a pneumatic piston, flows into a rear chamber of the piston.

Die aus dem Arbeitsraum des Pneumatikkolbens ausströmende Druckluft wird also nicht unmittelbar ins Freie geführt, sondern wird über einen Kanal zunächst in eine rückseitige Kammer des Kolbens geleitet.The compressed air flowing out of the working chamber of the pneumatic piston is therefore not routed directly to the outside, but is first routed via a channel into a rear chamber of the piston.

Die Luft kann hier vor dem Auslassen expandieren, wodurch eine verbesserte Schalldämpfung erreicht wird.The air can expand here before it is let out, resulting in improved soundproofing.

Gleichzeitig wird der Kolben zumindest auch durch die expandierende Druckluft zurückgesetzt, was es ermöglicht, beispielsweise für ein Rücksetzen des Kolbens die in einer Nullposition vorhandene Feder zumindest schwächer zu dimensionieren.At the same time, the piston is at least also reset by the expanding compressed air, which makes it possible, for example, to dimension the spring present in a zero position at least weaker for resetting the piston.

So kann auch damit die Leistung des Druckerzeugers erhöht werden, da der als pneumatisch-hydraulische Pumpe arbeitende Druckübersetzer weniger gegen die Federkraft arbeiten muss.The performance of the pressure generator can thus also be increased, since the pressure intensifier, which works as a pneumatic-hydraulic pump, has to work less against the spring force.

Als hydraulisch betriebene Werkzeugapplikation können für den Druckerzeuger sämtliche bekannten Niet-, Stanz-, Setz-, Press- oder Zugwerkzeuge verwendet werden, insbesondere Nietbügel zum Verarbeiten von zweiteiligen Nieten, hydraulisch betriebene Zugvorrichtungen für Blindniete, Bügel mit einem Stanzdorn etc.All known riveting, punching, setting, pressing or pulling tools can be used as a hydraulically operated tool application for the pressure generator, in particular rivet brackets for processing two-piece rivets, hydraulically operated pulling devices for blind rivets, brackets with a punching mandrel, etc.

Das Niet- oder Stanzwerkzeug umfasst eine hydraulisch betriebene Werkzeugapplikation, welche über eine selbstschließende Hydraulikkupplung mit dem Druckerzeuger verbunden ist.The riveting or punching tool includes a hydraulically operated tool application, which is connected to the pressure generator via a self-closing hydraulic coupling.

Unter einem Schnellvorschub wird eine Ausgestaltung des Werkzeugs dergestalt verstanden, dass dieses zweitstufig betätigt werden kann, wobei während des Schnellvorschubs ein Kolben der Werkzeugapplikation mit einer Kraft bewegt wird, dass dieser zum Stehen kommt, wenn ein Widerstand, beispielsweise aufgrund eines anliegenden Blechteils, vorhanden ist.Rapid feed is understood to mean an embodiment of the tool in such a way that it can be actuated in two stages, with a piston of the tool application being moved with such force during rapid feed that it comes to a standstill when there is resistance, for example due to an adjacent sheet metal part.

Beim Schnellvorschub muss eine mit dem Druckübersetzer verbundene Werkzeugapplikation also nicht zwingend eine höhere Vorschubgeschwindigkeit haben. Beim Schnellvorschub ist aber der vom Druckerzeuger erzeugte Hydraulikdruck so gering, dass es nicht zu einem Umformvorgang kommt. Insbesondere beträgt der Hydraulikdruck beim Schnellvorschub weniger als ein Zehntel des Drucks beim Umformvorgang.With rapid feed, a tool application connected to the pressure intensifier does not necessarily have to have a higher feed rate. With rapid feed, however, the hydraulic pressure generated by the pressure generator is so low that a forming process does not occur. In particular, the hydraulic pressure during rapid feed is less than one tenth of the pressure during the forming process.

Vorzugsweise ist aber die Vorschubgeschwindigkeit beim Schnellvorschub höher als beim Betrieb des Druckerzeugers, insbesondere da über eine Membran eine große Menge an Hydraulikflüssigkeit schnell bewegt werden kann.However, the feed rate is preferably higher during rapid feed than during operation of the pressure generator, in particular since a large quantity of hydraulic fluid can be moved quickly via a membrane.

Da in dieser ersten Stufe eines Schnellvorschubs kein Umformvorgang stattfindet, kann der Benutzer ggf. die Position eines Niets oder die Position eines Stanzdorns korrigieren.Since no forming process takes place in this first stage of rapid feed, the user can correct the position of a rivet or the position of a punching mandrel if necessary.

Erst in einer zweiten Stufe wird eine höhere Kraft, insbesondere eine mindestens zehnmal höhere Kraft, von der Werkzeugapplikation erzeugt und ein Niet- oder Stanz-, vorgang ausgeführt.Only in a second stage is a higher force, in particular a force that is at least ten times higher, generated by the tool application and a riveting or punching process is carried out.

Der Schnellvorschub ist gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung dadurch aktivierbar, indem über ein Ventil ein Hydraulikbereich des Werkzeugs mit Druckluft beaufschlagt wird.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the rapid feed can be activated by pressurizing a hydraulic area of the tool with compressed air via a valve.

So lässt sich auf besonders einfache und effiziente Weise ein Schnellvorschub, bei welchem der Druckübersetzer nicht aktiviert ist, bereitstellen.In this way, a rapid feed, in which the pressure intensifier is not activated, can be provided in a particularly simple and efficient manner.

Es versteht sich, dass bei dieser Ausführungsform der Erfindung nachteilig ist, dass für den Vorschub des Hydraulikkolbens der Werkzeugapplikation der Druckübersetzer arbeiten muss und damit ein erhöhter Verschleiß vorliegt. Aufgrund des während des Schnellvorschubs vorhandenen niedrigeren Drucks ist aber dennoch der Verschleiß gegenüber einem Druckerzeuger ohne Schnellvorschub geringer.It goes without saying that in this embodiment of the invention it is disadvantageous that the pressure intensifier has to work for the advance of the hydraulic piston of the tool application and thus there is increased wear. Due to the lower pressure present during rapid feed, however, the wear is lower compared to a pressure generator without rapid feed.

Kurzbeschreibung der ZeichnungenBrief description of the drawings

Der Gegenstand der Erfindung soll im Folgenden bezugnehmend auf ein Ausführungsbeispiel näher erläutert werden.

  • Fig. 1 ist eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Ausführungsbeispiels eines erfindungsgemäßen Druckerzeugers.
  • Fig. 2 ist eine Schnittansicht des in Fig. 1 dargestellten Druckerzeugers.
  • Fig. 3 ist eine perspektivische, teils aufgeschnittene Ansicht des in Fig. 1 und Fig. 2 dargestellten Druckerzeugers.
  • Fig. 4 und Fig. 5 zeigen beispielhafte Werkzeugapplikationen für den in den Zeichnungen Fig. 1 bis Fig. 3 dargestellten Druckerzeuger.
The object of the invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to an exemplary embodiment.
  • 1 14 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a pressure generator according to the present invention.
  • 2 is a sectional view of the in 1 shown pressure generator.
  • 3 is a perspective, partially cutaway view of the 1 and 2 shown pressure generator.
  • 4 and figure 5 show exemplary tool applications for the in the drawings Figures 1 to 3 illustrated pressure generator.

Detaillierte Beschreibung der ZeichnungenDetailed description of the drawings

Fig. 1 ist eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Ausführungsbeispiels eines Druckerzeugers 1. 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a pressure generator 1.

Der Druckerzeuger 1 ist als Handgerät ausgebildet und umfasst ein Gehäuse 2 mit einem rückseitigen Druckluftanschluss 9.The pressure generator 1 is designed as a hand-held device and comprises a housing 2 with a compressed air connection 9 on the rear.

Auf der gegenüberliegenden Seite des Druckluftanschlusses 9 befindet sich eine Schnellkupplung 5 mit einem selbstschließenden Hydraulikventil 4.On the opposite side of the compressed air connection 9 there is a quick coupling 5 with a self-closing hydraulic valve 4.

Der Druckerzeuger 1 umfasst einen Griff 3 mit einem Betätigungsorgan 6 in Form eines Schalters.The pressure generator 1 comprises a handle 3 with an actuating member 6 in the form of a switch.

Je nachdem, wie tief das Betätigungsorgan 6 gedrückt ist, lässt sich der Druckerzeuger 1 in eine erste und eine zweite Stufe schalten.Depending on how deeply the actuating member 6 is pressed, the pressure generator 1 can be switched to a first and a second stage.

In einer ersten Stufe wird über die Schnellkupplung 5 mit dem selbstschließenden Hydraulikventil 4 Hydraulikfluid in eine mit dem Druckerzeuger 1 verbundene Werkzeugapplikation (vgl. Fig. 5 und Fig. 5) befördert.In a first stage, hydraulic fluid is fed via the quick coupling 5 with the self-closing hydraulic valve 4 into a tool application connected to the pressure generator 1 (cf. Figures 5 and 5 ) promoted.

Hierdurch wird in einer ersten Stufe der Hydraulikkolben 39, 49 der Werkzeugapplikation bewegt, bis dieser auf einen Widerstand stößt.As a result, in a first stage, the hydraulic piston 39, 49 of the tool application is moved until it encounters resistance.

Der Benutzer kann das Betätigungsorgan 6 durch tieferes Drücken in eine zweite Stufe schalten, in welcher ein wesentlich höherer Druck, insbesondere ein mindestens zehnfach höherer Druck, im Hydraulikbereich 14 erzeugt wird, so dass sodann von der angekoppelten Werkzeugapplikation ein Umformvorgang, insbesondere ein Niet- oder Stanzvorgang, durchgeführt werden kann.The user can switch the actuating element 6 to a second stage by pressing it deeper, in which a significantly higher pressure, in particular a pressure that is at least ten times higher, is generated in the hydraulic area 14 so that a forming process, in particular a riveting or punching process, can then be carried out by the coupled tool application.

Fig. 2 ist eine Schnittansicht des in Fig. 1 dargestellten Druckerzeugers 1. 2 is a sectional view of the in 1 illustrated pressure generator 1.

Auch in dieser Ansicht ist das Betätigungsorgan 6 am Griff 3 des Druckerzeugers 1 zu erkennen.The actuating element 6 can also be seen on the handle 3 of the pressure generator 1 in this view.

Das Betätigungsorgan 6 ist über einen Sicherheitsschalter 7 gesperrt, welcher simultan betätigt werden muss, um das Betätigungsorgan 6 herabzudrücken.The actuator 6 is blocked by a safety switch 7, which must be actuated simultaneously in order to depress the actuator 6.

Zu erkennen ist das an der Schnellkupplung 5 angeordnete Hydraulikventil 4. Dieses ist selbstschließend ausgebildet und stellt eine hydraulische Verbindung zu einer angeschlossenen Werkzeugapplikation her.The hydraulic valve 4 arranged on the quick coupling 5 can be seen. This is designed to be self-closing and establishes a hydraulic connection to a connected tool application.

Der Druckerzeuger 1 umfasst einen Druckluftanschluss 9.The pressure generator 1 includes a compressed air connection 9.

In diesem Ausführungsbeispiel führt der Druckluftanschluss 9 zu einem Druckregelventil 10, welches insbesondere als Upstream-Druckbegrenzer ausgebildet ist.In this exemplary embodiment, the compressed air connection 9 leads to a pressure control valve 10, which is designed in particular as an upstream pressure limiter.

Das Betätigungsorgan 6 wirkt auf ein Ventil 11, welches in diesem Ausführungsbeispiel als 5/2-Wegeventil ausgebildet ist.The actuator 6 acts on a valve 11, which is designed as a 5/2-way valve in this embodiment.

In einer ersten Stufe wird beim Betätigen des Betätigungsorgans 6 das Ventil 11 in einen Schaltzustand bewegt, so dass über einen Kanal 15 Druckluft in eine Kammer strömen kann, in welcher sich eine Membran 16, die in diesem Ausführungsbeispiel als zylinderförmiger Beutel ausgebildet ist, strömen kann. Alternativ könnte statt einer Membran ein Kolben verwendet werden (nicht dargestellt).In a first stage, when the actuating member 6 is actuated, the valve 11 is moved into a switching state, so that compressed air can flow via a channel 15 into a chamber in which a membrane 16, which is designed as a cylindrical bag in this embodiment, can flow. Alternatively, a piston (not shown) could be used instead of a diaphragm.

Die Kammer, innerhalb der die Membran 16 angeordnet ist, ist Teil des Gehäuses 2 des Druckübersetzers 1.The chamber within which the membrane 16 is arranged is part of the housing 2 of the pressure intensifier 1.

Über den Kanal 17 kann sodann Hydraulikfluid in Richtung des Hydraulikbereichs strömen. Das Hydraulikfluid strömt zunächst in den Ringkanal 40.Hydraulic fluid can then flow in the direction of the hydraulic area via the channel 17 . The hydraulic fluid first flows into the ring channel 40.

Das Hydraulikfluid strömt über das Saugventil 33 zum Hydraulikventil 4.The hydraulic fluid flows via the suction valve 33 to the hydraulic valve 4.

Die Membran 16 legt sich in ihrem Arbeitsraum so lange zusammen, bis der Hydraulikkolben einer angeschlossenen Werkzeugapplikation zur Anlage kommt.The membrane 16 collapses in its working space until the hydraulic piston of a connected tool application comes to rest.

In dem Hydraulikbereich 14, dessen Ausdehnung in etwa mit der gestrichelten Linie gekennzeichnet ist, herrscht in diesem Betriebszustand ein Druck, der in etwa, also bis auf etwaige Druckverluste z.B. durch eine Gegenspannung des Material der Membran 16, dem angelegten Pneumatikdruck entspricht.In this operating state, there is a pressure in the hydraulic area 14, the extent of which is approximately indicated by the dashed line, which approximately corresponds to the applied pneumatic pressure, i.e. except for any pressure losses, e.g. due to a counter-tension of the material of the membrane 16.

Hierdurch wird von der Zug- oder Druckvorrichtung der angeschlossenen Werkzeugapplikation eine geringe Kraft erzeugt, die noch nicht ausreichend ist, um einen Umformvorgang zu starten.As a result, the pulling or pushing device of the connected tool application generates a small force that is not yet sufficient to start a forming process.

Da der im Folgenden im Detail beschriebene Druckübersetzer für den in der ersten Stufe ausgeführten Schnellvorschub nicht arbeitet, ist der Verschleiß, insbesondere einer Dichtung 35, die den Hydraulikbereich 14 gegenüber dem Pneumatikbereich abdichtet, reduziert.Since the pressure intensifier, described in detail below, for the rapid feed performed in the first stage not working, the wear, in particular of a seal 35 that seals the hydraulic area 14 from the pneumatic area, is reduced.

Die Werkzeugapplikation kann an der Schnellkupplung 5 angeschlossen werden, indem diese über den Hebel 34 entriegelt wird, die Werkzeugapplikation aufgesetzt wird und sodann wieder über den Hebel 34 verriegelt wird.The tool application can be connected to the quick coupling 5 by unlocking it using the lever 34, putting on the tool application and then locking it again using the lever 34.

Die Schnellkupplung 5 ist in diesem Ausführungsbeispiel als drehbare Kupplung mit einer Kugelkulisse ausgebildet.In this exemplary embodiment, the quick coupling 5 is designed as a rotatable coupling with a ball link.

Über ein tieferes Drücken des Betätigungsorgans 6 wird auch das Ventil 11 weiter herabgedrückt, so dass es nunmehr ein vorzugsweise als Kippventil ausgebildetes Ventil 20 betätigt.By pressing the actuating member 6 deeper, the valve 11 is also pressed further down, so that it now actuates a valve 20, which is preferably designed as a tilting valve.

Das Ventil 20 ist strömungsseitig hinter einem Druckregler 12 angeordnet, über den der an dem Druckübersetzer anliegende Druck über das Druckregelventil 10 regelbar ist. Der hinter dem Druckregelventil 10 anliegende Druck, der den Druckübersetzer antreibt, ist an dem Manometer 43 ablesbar.The valve 20 is arranged on the flow side behind a pressure regulator 12 via which the pressure applied to the pressure booster can be regulated via the pressure control valve 10 . The pressure present behind the pressure control valve 10, which drives the pressure booster, can be read on the manometer 43.

Der gesamte Pneumatikbereich 13 ist ebenfalls mit einer gestrichelten Linie umrissen.The entire pneumatic area 13 is also outlined with a dashed line.

Der Druckerzeuger 1 umfasst einen Druckübersetzer, welcher in diesem Ausführungsbeispiel einen Tandemkolben, bestehend aus den Kolben 24 und 25, sowie einen damit verbundenen Hydraulikkolben 32 umfasst.The pressure generator 1 includes a pressure booster, which in this exemplary embodiment includes a tandem piston, consisting of the pistons 24 and 25, and a hydraulic piston 32 connected thereto.

In der zweiten Stufe wird über das Ventil 20 Druckluft mit dem über den Druckregler 12 voreingestellten Druck in den Kanal 21 geleitet, über den die Druckluft in den Arbeitsraum 22 des Kolbens 24 strömt.In the second stage, compressed air at the pressure preset via the pressure regulator 12 is fed via the valve 20 into the channel 21 , via which the compressed air flows into the working chamber 22 of the piston 24 .

Der Kolben 24 ist über eine Stange 41 mit einem Kanal 26 mit einem zweiten Kolben 25 verbunden, in dessen Arbeitsraum 23 ebenfalls Druckluft strömt.The piston 24 is connected via a rod 41 with a channel 26 to a second piston 25, in the working chamber 23 of which compressed air also flows.

Die Kolben 24, 25, die einen Tandemkolben bilden, sind mit dem Hydraulikkolben 32 verbunden, welcher über das Saugventil 33 Hydraulikfluid ansaugt und über das Druckventil 42, welche das Hydraulikfluid nur in eine Richtung durchlässt, mit hohem Druck in Richtung des Hydraulikventils 4 fördert.The pistons 24, 25, which form a tandem piston, are connected to the hydraulic piston 32, which sucks in hydraulic fluid via the suction valve 33 and delivers it at high pressure in the direction of the hydraulic valve 4 via the pressure valve 42, which only lets the hydraulic fluid through in one direction.

Die Kolben 24 und 25 werden bei einem Arbeitstakt also zunächst durch die in die Arbeitsräume 22 und 23 strömende Druckluft nach vorne geschoben, wobei durch die beiden Kolben 24, 25 die effektive Kolbenfläche nahezu verdoppelt wird.The pistons 24 and 25 are thus initially pushed forward during a working cycle by the compressed air flowing into the working chambers 22 and 23, the effective piston area being almost doubled by the two pistons 24, 25.

Hierdurch lässt sich ein Übersetzungsverhältnis von über 1:80, vorzugsweise von über 1:100, bei gleichzeitig kompakten Abmaßen bereitstellen. Gleichzeitig lässt sich eine hohe Förderleistung erreichen. Diese kann bei gleichem Übersetzungsverhältnis doppelt so hoch oder sogar höher sein.As a result, a transmission ratio of more than 1:80, preferably more than 1:100, can be provided with compact dimensions at the same time. At the same time, a high conveying capacity can be achieved. With the same transmission ratio, this can be twice as high or even higher.

Am Ende eines Arbeitstaktes überfährt der Kolben 24 eine Steuerbohrung 27.At the end of a work cycle, the piston 24 runs over a control bore 27.

Über die in den Kanal 28 strömende Druckluft wird nunmehr ein Steuerventil 29, welches als Pilotsteuerkolben ausgebildet ist, geöffnet, welches zum einen die Druckluftzufuhr in die Arbeitsräume 22 und 23 unterbricht und zum anderen und die Druckluft aus den Druckluft aus den Arbeitsräumen 23, 24 herausströmen lässt.A control valve 29, which is designed as a pilot control piston, is now opened via the compressed air flowing into the channel 28, which on the one hand interrupts the supply of compressed air into the working chambers 22 and 23 and on the other hand and the compressed air flows out of the compressed air from the working chambers 23, 24 leaves.

Im Unterschied zu vielen aus der Praxis bekannten Druckübersetzern wird also beim Rücksetzen der Kolben 24, 25 die Druckluftzufuhr in die Arbeitsräume 22, 23 vollständig unterbrochen. Dies steigert die Leistung des Werkzeugs und verringert den Druckluftverbrauch.In contrast to many pressure boosters known from practice, when the pistons 24, 25 are reset, the supply of compressed air to the working chambers 22, 23 is completely interrupted. This increases the performance of the tool and reduces compressed air consumption.

Über eine Rückstellfeder werden nunmehr die Kolben 24, 25 zurück in eine Ausgangsposition bewegt. Die hier nicht dargestellte Rückstellfeder sitzt in der rückseitigen Kammer 31.The pistons 24, 25 are now moved back into an initial position via a return spring. The return spring, not shown here, is located in the rear chamber 31.

Die in den Arbeitsräumen 22, 23 vorhandene Druckluft strömt nunmehr durch zumindest einen Kanal 30 (hier nicht zu sehen) zumindest in eine rückseitige Kammer 31 des Kolbens 25, und vorzugsweise über einen Kanal auch in eine rückseitige Kammer des Kolbens 24.The compressed air present in the working chambers 22, 23 now flows through at least one channel 30 (not visible here) at least into a rear chamber 31 of the piston 25, and preferably also via a channel into a rear chamber of the piston 24.

Hierdurch wird zum einen das Rücksetzen der Kolben 24, 25 unterstützt.This supports the resetting of the pistons 24, 25 on the one hand.

Zum anderen kann sich die Druckluft zunächst in der Kammer 31 entspannen, bevor diese abgelassen wird, was die Geräuschdämpfung des Druckerzeugers 1 nach dem Expansionsschalldämpferprinzip erheblich verbessert.On the other hand, the compressed air can first relax in the chamber 31 before it is released, which considerably improves the noise damping of the pressure generator 1 according to the expansion muffler principle.

Ist der Kolben 24 vollständig zurückgesetzt, so setzt dieser auf dem Steuerventil 29 auf, das Steuerventil 29 schließt sich wieder und es beginnt ein neuer Arbeitstakt, bei welchem wieder Druckluft in die Arbeitsräume 22, 23 strömt.If the piston 24 is completely reset, it touches down on the control valve 29, the control valve 29 closes again and a new working cycle begins, in which compressed air flows into the working chambers 22, 23 again.

So arbeitet der durch die Kolben 24, 25 und den Hydraulikkolben 32 nebst Steuerung gebildete Druckübersetzer als oszillierende Pumpe und pumpt über das Saug- 33 und Druckventil 42 Hydraulikfluid mit hohem Druck nach.The pressure booster formed by the pistons 24, 25 and the hydraulic piston 32 together with the control works as an oscillating pump and pumps hydraulic fluid at high pressure via the suction valve 33 and pressure valve 42.

Am Ende eines Umformvorgangs stoppt der Druckübersetzer 1, beispielsweise dadurch, dass der Hydraulikkolben einer Werkzeugapplikation nicht weiterbewegt werden kann.At the end of a forming process, the pressure intensifier 1 stops, for example because the hydraulic piston of a tool application cannot be moved any further.

Lässt nunmehr der Benutzer das Betätigungsorgan 6 los, so wird über das Ventil 11 über einen Kanal (nicht zu sehen) Druckluft in den Arbeitsraum des Bypass-Ventils 19 geleitet.If the user now lets go of the actuating element 6 , compressed air is fed into the working chamber of the bypass valve 19 via the valve 11 via a channel (not visible).

Das Bypass-Ventil 19 öffnet sich und über den Kanal 18 kann das Hydraulikfluid in den Hydraulikbereich 14 des Druckerzeugers 1 zurückfließen, so dass der Kolben der Werkzeugapplikation sich zurücksetzt.The bypass valve 19 opens and the hydraulic fluid can flow back into the hydraulic area 14 of the pressure generator 1 via the channel 18 so that the piston of the tool application moves back.

Für einen Druckluftausfall ist das Bypass-Ventil 19 auch manuell über einen Entlastungshebel 8 betätigbar, so dass der Benutzer auch ohne anliegende Druckluft das Werkzeug zurücksetzen kann.In the event of a compressed air failure, the bypass valve 19 can also be actuated manually via a relief lever 8, so that the user can reset the tool even without compressed air being present.

Fig. 3 ist eine perspektivische Ansicht des Druckerzeugers 1, wobei ein vorderes Gehäuseteil ausgeblendet ist. 3 Fig. 14 is a perspective view of the pressure generator 1 with a front case omitted.

Zu erkennen ist in dieser Ansicht insbesondere, dass die aus den Arbeitsräumen 22 und 23 strömende Luft zunächst über zumindest einen Kanal 30, vorzugsweise über mehrere Kanäle 30, nach vorne, also in Richtung der Schnellkupplung 5, geführt wird und sodann erst über einen vorzugsweise mit einem Schalldämpfer versehenen Auslass 37 ins Freie tritt.This view shows in particular that the air flowing out of the working chambers 22 and 23 is first guided forwards via at least one duct 30, preferably via several ducts 30, i.e. in the direction of the quick coupling 5, and only then via a preferably with a muffler provided outlet 37 occurs.

Über die seitlichen Kanäle 30 strömt die Druckluft in die hintere Kammer 31 des Kolbens 25, wo sie expandieren kann. Sodann strömt die Druckluft aus der Kammer 31 über zumindest einen Kanal 44, vorzugsweise über zwei Kanäle 44, zum Auslass 37, vorzugsweise zu zwei Auslässen 37. Der in dieser Ansicht zu sehende Kanal 30 ist durch das in dieser Ansicht ausgeblendete Gehäuseteil verschlossen. Vorzugsweise hat der Kanal 30 einen Abzweig, über welchen beim Rücksetzen der Kolben 24, 25 auch Druckluft in eine hintere Kammer des Kolbens 24 strömt.The compressed air flows via the lateral channels 30 into the rear chamber 31 of the piston 25, where it can expand. The compressed air then flows out of the chamber 31 via at least one channel 44, preferably via two channels 44, to the outlet 37, preferably to two outlets 37. The channel 30 seen in this view is closed by the housing part hidden in this view. The channel 30 preferably has a branch via which compressed air also flows into a rear chamber of the piston 24 when the pistons 24, 25 are reset.

Fig. 4 zeigt eine Werkzeugapplikation in Form eines aufsetzbaren Adapters zum Verarbeiten von Blindnieten, also eine Blindnietapplikation 36. 4 shows a tool application in the form of an attachable adapter for processing blind rivets, i.e. a blind rivet application 36.

Die Blindnietapplikation 36 umfasst eine Zugvorrichtung mit den Klauen 45, mit der das Werkzeug an dem Stift eines Blindniets zieht, bis dieser sich umformt. Am Ende des Nietvorgangs reißt der Stift ab.The blind rivet application 36 includes a pulling device with the claws 45, with which the tool pulls on the pin of a blind rivet until it is deformed. At the end of the riveting process, the pin tears off.

Die Blindnietapplikation 36 wird mittels der selbstschließenden Hydraulikkupplung 38 an der Schnellkupplung 5 des Druckerzeugers 1 angeschlossen und umfasst einen Hydraulikkolben 39, welcher in dem Arbeitsraum 51 nach hinten bewegt wird und dabei die Klauen 45 der Zugvorrichtung betätigt.The blind rivet application 36 is connected by means of the self-closing hydraulic coupling 38 to the quick coupling 5 of the pressure generator 1 and includes a hydraulic piston 39 which is in the Working space 51 is moved backwards, thereby actuating the claws 45 of the pulling device.

Nach Loslassen des Betätigungsorgans 6 des Druckerzeugers 1 wird der Hydraulikkolben 39 durch die Feder 46 zurückgesetzt und das Volumen an Hydraulikfluid, welches in den Arbeitsraum 51 geflossen ist, läuft über die Hydraulikkupplung 38 zurück in den Druckerzeuger 1. Dabei dient die Membran 16 als Puffervolumen.After the actuating element 6 of the pressure generator 1 is released, the hydraulic piston 39 is reset by the spring 46 and the volume of hydraulic fluid that has flowed into the working chamber 51 runs back into the pressure generator 1 via the hydraulic coupling 38. The membrane 16 serves as a buffer volume.

Besonders von Vorteil bei der Verwendung einer derartigen Blindnietapplikation 36 ist, dass mittels Betätigung der ersten Stufe die Zugvorrichtung den Stift des Blindniets bereits fasst und festhält, so dass nicht das Risiko besteht, dass dieser unbeabsichtigt herausfällt. Fig. 5 zeigt eine Nietapplikation 47 z.B. zum Verarbeiten von zweiteiligen Nieten, welche als Drückvorrichtung ausgebildet ist.A particular advantage when using such a blind rivet application 36 is that by actuating the first stage, the pulling device already grasps and holds the pin of the blind rivet, so that there is no risk of it accidentally falling out. figure 5 shows a rivet application 47, for example for processing two-part rivets, which is designed as a pressing device.

Diese umfasst ein Kopfstück 48 zum Einsetzen eines Niets. Über den über die Feder 50 rücksetzbaren Hydraulikkolben 49 kann das Kopfstück zum Verarbeiten eines Niets z.B. gegen einen an der Nietapplikation 47 angebrachten Nietbügel (nicht dargestellt) gedrückt werden, der z.B. das Gegenstück eines zweiteiligen Niets trägt. Stanzwerkzeuge sind ebenfalls zumeist bügelförmig ausgebildet und umfassen eine ähnlich ausgestaltete Drückvorrichtung.This includes a head piece 48 for inserting a rivet. Via the hydraulic piston 49, which can be reset via the spring 50, the head piece for processing a rivet can be pressed, for example, against a rivet clip (not shown) attached to the rivet application 47, which, for example, carries the counterpart of a two-part rivet. Stamping tools are also mostly bow-shaped and include a similarly configured pressing device.

Besonders von Vorteil ist, dass durch die Verwendung des Druckerzeugers 1 der mit einem Hydraulikkolben der Werkzeugapplikation verbundene bewegliche Teil der Werkzeugapplikation, also z.B. das Kopfstück 48, beliebig vor- und zurückgesetzt und dabei ausgerichtet werden kann, ohne dass bereits ein Umformvorgang gestartet wird.A particular advantage is that through the use of the pressure generator 1 with a Hydraulic piston of the tool application associated moving part of the tool application, ie, for example, the head piece 48, can be set back and forth as desired and thereby aligned without already starting a forming process.

Die Handhabung eines erfindungsgemäßen Niet- oder Stanzwerkzeugs konnte so erheblich verbessert werden. Gleichzeitig konnte der Verschleiß, insbesondere der Verschleiß der Dichtungen im Hydraulikbereich wesentlich verringert werden.The handling of a riveting or punching tool according to the invention could thus be significantly improved. At the same time, the wear, especially the wear of the seals in the hydraulic area, could be significantly reduced.

BezugszeichenlisteReference List

11
Druckerzeugerpressure generator
22
GehäuseHousing
33
GriffHandle
44
Hydraulikventilhydraulic valve
55
Schnellkupplungquick coupling
66
Betätigungsorganactuator
77
Sicherheitsschaltersafety switch
88th
Entlastungshebelrelief lever
99
Druckluftanschlusscompressed air connection
1010
Druckregelventilpressure control valve
1111
VentilValve
1212
Druckreglerpressure regulator
1313
Pneumatikbereichpneumatic area
1414
Hydraulikbereichhydraulic area
1515
Kanalchannel
1616
Membranmembrane
1717
Kanalchannel
1818
Kanalchannel
1919
Bypass-Ventilbypass valve
2020
VentilValve
2121
Kanalchannel
2222
Arbeitsraumworking space
2323
Arbeitsraumworking space
2424
KolbenPistons
2525
KolbenPistons
2626
Kanalchannel
2727
Steuerbohrungcontrol bore
2828
Kanalchannel
2929
Steuerventilcontrol valve
3030
Kanalchannel
3131
Kammerchamber
3232
Hydraulikkolbenhydraulic piston
3333
Saugventilsuction valve
3434
Hebellever
3535
Dichtungpoetry
3636
Blindnietapplikationblind rivet application
3737
Auslassoutlet
3838
Hydraulikanschlusshydraulic connection
3939
Hydraulikkolbenhydraulic piston
4040
Ringkanalring canal
4141
Stangepole
4242
Druckventilpressure valve
4343
Manometermanometer
4444
Arbeitsraumworking space
4545
KlauenTo steal
4646
FederFeather
4747
Nietapplikationrivet application
4848
Kopfstückheadpiece
4949
KolbenPistons
5050
FederFeather
5151
Arbeitsraumworking space

Claims (8)

  1. A riveting or punching tool, comprising a pressure generator (1) with a preferably pneumatic-hydraulic pressure intensifier, wherein the riveting or punching tool is formed as handheld equipment and has a hydraulically operated tool application (36), which is connected to the pressure intensifier via a self-closing hydraulic coupling (5), and wherein the pressure intensifier is formed as pneumaticallyhydraulically operating pump with a pneumatic region (13) and a hydraulic region (14),
    characterized in that the riveting or punching tool has a rapid feed, via which a hydraulic piston (39) of the hydraulically operated tool application (36) can be fed without an operating pressure, which is sufficient for a riveting or punching process, being capable of being applied to said hydraulic piston, wherein pneumatic pressure can be applied to a hydraulic region (14) of the riveting or punching tool independently of the pressure intensifier.
  2. The riveting or punching tool according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the rapid feed can be activated in that compressed air is applied to the hydraulic region (14) via a valve (11).
  3. The riveting or punching tool according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the pressure generator (1) has an actuating member (6) with two stages, wherein, in a first stage, pneumatic pressure can be applied to the hydraulic region (14), and, in a second stage, the pressure intensifier is activated.
  4. The riveting or punching tool according to any one of claims 1 or 3, characterized in that pneumatic pressure can be applied to the hydraulic region (14), in that compressed air compresses a membrane (14) or displaces a piston.
  5. The riveting or punching tool according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the pressure generator (1) has a bypass valve (19), via which hydraulic fluid can flow back to a working space of the membrane (16) or of the piston.
  6. The riveting or punching tool according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising a pressure regulator (12), by means of which the pneumatic pressure for the pressure intensifier can be regulated separately from the pressure, which can be applied to the hydraulic region (13).
  7. The riveting or punching tool according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the pressure intensifier has at least two pneumatic pistons (24, 25) arranged in series, which are connected to a hydraulic piston (32).
  8. The riveting or punching tool according to claim 7, characterized in that the pressure generator (1) has a duct, via which compressed air, which leaves the working space (22, 23) of a pneumatic piston (24, 25), flows into a rear-side chamber (31) of the piston (25).
EP18155783.6A 2017-02-13 2018-02-08 Rivet or punching press Active EP3360647B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102017102756.4A DE102017102756A1 (en) 2017-02-13 2017-02-13 Pressure generator and riveting, punching, pressing or drawing tool

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3360647A1 EP3360647A1 (en) 2018-08-15
EP3360647B1 true EP3360647B1 (en) 2022-11-09

Family

ID=61188691

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP18155783.6A Active EP3360647B1 (en) 2017-02-13 2018-02-08 Rivet or punching press

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3360647B1 (en)
DE (2) DE102017102756A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102022122238A1 (en) 2021-09-02 2023-03-02 WS Wieländer + Schill Engineering GmbH & Co. KG Riveting device with process monitoring
EP4331742A1 (en) 2022-09-02 2024-03-06 WS Wieländer + Schill Engineering GmbH & Co. KG Method for monitoring a riveting process and riveting device having a process monitoring system

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102011052115A1 (en) * 2011-07-25 2013-01-31 Tkr Spezialwerkzeuge Gmbh Pressure intensifier
EP3311935A1 (en) * 2011-08-31 2018-04-25 WS Wieländer + Schill Engineering GmbH & Co. KG Riveting device

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP3528576B2 (en) 1998-03-04 2004-05-17 マックス株式会社 Hydraulic-pneumatic tools
ITBO20070311A1 (en) 2007-04-27 2008-10-28 Ober S P A PNEUMOIDRAULIC RIVETING GUN
DE102011111533B4 (en) 2011-08-31 2020-06-25 WS Wieländer + Schill Engineering GmbH & Co. KG Pressure generator for a pulling or pressing device and pulling or pressing device

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102011052115A1 (en) * 2011-07-25 2013-01-31 Tkr Spezialwerkzeuge Gmbh Pressure intensifier
EP3311935A1 (en) * 2011-08-31 2018-04-25 WS Wieländer + Schill Engineering GmbH & Co. KG Riveting device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3360647A1 (en) 2018-08-15
DE102017102756A1 (en) 2018-08-16
DE202017101941U1 (en) 2017-04-28

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