EP2565469A2 - Générateur de pression pour un dispositif de pression ou de traction ainsi que le dispositif de pression ou de traction - Google Patents

Abstract

The pressure generator (1) has a pneumatic piston that is connected with a hydraulic piston. The pneumatic piston is moved by a control device so that pressure is produced by the reciprocating movement of the hydraulic piston in a hydraulic region. The hydraulic region is provided with a relief valve and a quick connector (8) which is connected with a hydraulic passage for a hydraulic tool. The control device is provided with a piston control element.

Description

Field of the invention

The invention relates to a pressure generator for tool applications, which must generate high forces by means of hydraulic active elements, such as a pulling or pressing device. In particular, the invention relates to a trained as a handheld pressure generator, which can be coupled with different riveting tool adapters.

Background of the invention

Hydraulically operated setting tools are known. These are, for example, riveting tools with a pressing device for riveting conventional rivets. Furthermore, there are riveting tools with a pulling device for setting blind rivets, blind rivet nuts etc ..

From practice compressed air powered Handnietgeräte are known. These usually have a pneumatic piston which is coupled to a hydraulic piston. Via the transmission ratio of pneumatic piston to hydraulic piston, a higher pressure can be generated in the hydraulic area than in the pneumatic area of the device via the compressed air connection. Nevertheless, the traction of known Handnietgeräte is limited and sufficient in many cases not to even high-strength rivets newer design to process. Next known from practice are operated hand riveting usually bulky, so that hard to reach places, for example between the body profiles of a vehicle often can not be achieved.

Further known in practice are riveting devices, which are connected to a high-pressure hydraulic hose with a stationarily arranged pressure generator. In such riveting, although the actual riveting tool is much easier to handle. However, such a device is complex and it is particularly difficult to replace a connected to the stationary pressure generator hydraulic riveting against another.

Object of the invention

The invention is based on the object to reduce the mentioned disadvantages of the prior art.

It is in particular an object of the invention to provide an easy-to-handle pressure generator, by means of which a hydraulic pulling or pressing device, in particular a riveting device, can be actuated, due to a high pressure, a high tensile force or compressive force can be realized.

Summary of the invention

The object of the invention is already achieved by a pressure generator for a hydraulic tool, in particular for a pulling and / or pressing device according to one of the independent claims.

Preferred embodiments and further developments can be found in the respective subclaims.

The invention relates to a pressure generator for a hydraulic tool. It is a hydraulically operated device by means of which, for example, pulled on a component or can be exerted on a component pressure.

In particular, the invention relates to all types of riveting devices, such as for conventional rivets, which are pressed together with a pressing device and for blind rivets, which is pulled by a pulling device on a pin until it tears off after formation of a rivet. Also blind rivets can be set with a suitable adapter.

However, the hydraulic pressure generator according to the invention can also be used for other hydraulically operated tools such as spreading devices, cartridges for expressing adhesive or sealant, for pliers, in particular for separating cables, etc.

The pressure generator comprises a pneumatic piston which can be actuated by compressed air.

The pneumatic piston is coupled to a hydraulic piston. About the gear ratio between Hydraulic piston and pneumatic piston, the achievable pressure in the hydraulic range is determined.

Preferably, the transmission ratio is more than 1:50, in particular, a transmission ratio of 1: 100 is provided. The gear ratio can be up to 1: 150. Thus, with an applied air pressure of 8 bar, a pressure of 800 bar can be generated in the hydraulic area.

The pneumatic piston is movable in an oscillating manner by means of a control device such that a pressure can be generated by oscillating the hydraulic piston in the hydraulic region. The pressure generator thus operates as a hydraulic pump, which allows, despite the small working space of the hydraulic piston due to the high transmission ratio, a sufficient amount of hydraulic fluid can be provided to move traction or pressing devices at a reasonable speed.

Furthermore, the hydraulic area comprises a quick coupling with a hydraulic line for a pulling or pressing device. The pressure generator is thus decoupled from the actual pulling or pressing device. This can be connected by means of a quick coupling with the hydraulic area. It is thus possible a particularly simple replacement of the respective tool. Preferably, the quick coupling also provides a rigid mechanical connection.

Pressure generator and pulling or pressing device can be used together as a handheld device.

In an alternative embodiment of the invention but it is also conceivable to operate the pressure generator stationary, that is, the pulling or pressing device is connected via a hydraulic line which has a quick coupling, with a pulling or pressing device.

In a further development of the invention, the control device comprises a piston control.

In particular, a pilot control valve is used, which can be actuated via the pneumatic piston, in particular in a closed position is movable.

In contrast to known slot controllers or integrated in the pneumatic piston reversing devices so a relatively large stroke can be achieved. Furthermore, the weight of the pneumatic piston is reduced and its reliability is increased compared with reversing devices integrated in the piston.

Preferably, a part of the pilot control valve protrudes into the working space of the pneumatic piston. When the piston is reset, the piston crown sits on the pilot control valve and closes it. This can build up a pressure in the working space of the pneumatic piston, which pushes the piston forward.

When passing over a control bore, air flows from the working space to the pilot control valve and opens it, whereby the compressed air in the working space of the pneumatic piston is discharged and the piston, which, for example is operated against a spring, is reset until it in turn closes the pilot control valve.

The stroke of the pneumatic piston is preferably between 5 and 20 mm. Further, the piston preferably operates at a frequency of 5 and 20 Hz.

In a development of the invention, the hydraulic area has a relief valve. This relief valve is used for the return flow of the hydraulic fluid in a non-actuated state.

Further, the relief valve, which is preferably aligned as a three / two-way valve, also assume safety-related functions. Thus, it is conceivable that the relief valve must be closed before each actuation of the pressure generator by means of an actuating device in order to build up pressure.

It is also conceivable that only a two-handed operation of the tool is possible. For this purpose, the relief valve is preferably controlled via an actuator of the pressure generator such that it is opened immediately when you release the actuator. When you release the actuator is so sure that immediately the hydraulic area is depressurized.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, a hydraulic fluid reservoir is disposed in a chamber which extends at least partially around the hydraulic region. As a chamber, in particular a Elastomer membrane can be used. This embodiment of the invention allows the use of the volume around the much smaller hydraulic piston around to store hydraulic fluid and thus allows a more compact design of the tool.

In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the quick coupling on a self-closing valve for hydraulic fluid.

Preferably, both the pressure generator and the pulling or pressing device connected to the pressure generator have a self-closing valve. The two components of the tool are so easy to connect with each other and it creates a hydraulic connection between the two components.

Preferably, an actuator is attached to the pressure generator itself to actuate the pulling or pressing device. The pressure generator can be used as a handheld device and forms a unit with the attached pulling or pressing device.

The invention further relates to a pressure generator for a tensioning and / or pressing device which comprises an oscillatingly movable pneumatic piston, via which a hydraulic piston connected to the pneumatic piston is moved in an oscillating manner and thus generates a high pressure in a hydraulic range as a hydraulic pump.

According to the invention is in a working space of the pneumatic piston, a pilot control valve by resetting the pneumatic piston actuated, in particular in a closed position movable.

For this purpose, at least a portion of the pilot control valve extends into the working space of the pneumatic piston, or it is also conceivable that the pneumatic piston has an extension approximately in the form of a mandrel in order to actuate the pilot control valve arranged in a recess.

As already described above, a reliable reversal with a high possible stroke is provided by this type of reversal.

The invention further relates to a pulling or pressing tool, in particular designed as a riveting tool, punching tool or cartridge press, which comprises at least one hydraulic region, which is connectable by means of a quick coupling with a pressure generator described above.

The hydraulic area comprises a hydraulic piston with which the pulling or pressing tool is actuated.

To achieve a high tensile force or a high force during pressing, in turn, this hydraulic piston has a larger diameter than the hydraulic piston, which builds up the pressure for actuating the tool in the pressure generator.

By means of such a pulling or pressing device, it is possible to generate forces of more than 100 kN. By the Quick coupling is provided a multifunctional tool.

The invention can thus provide a tool system with a pressure generator described above, which comprises a plurality of different pulling and / or pressing device, which are connectable by means of a quick coupling with the pressure generator.

Description of the drawings

The invention will be described below with reference to the drawings Fig. 1 to Fig. 16 be explained in more detail with reference to schematically illustrated embodiments.

Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of a pressure generator. 1

The pressure generator 1 comprises a housing 5, which in this embodiment is formed in three parts and comprises a head piece, a middle part and an end piece.

At the end of the housing 5, an actuator 2 is attached, via which the pressure generator is put into operation. The actuating device 2 is arranged under a handle 4.

Behind the actuator 2 is a pressure regulator 3, via which the pressure in the pneumatic area and thus also the pressure in the hydraulic range are adjusted can. Via a compressed air connection 6, the pressure generator 1 can be connected to compressed air.

At the front of the pressure generator 1 is a quick coupling 8, which has a self-closing hydraulic valve 9 in the center. By means of the quick coupling 8, a pulling or pressing device (not shown) to the pressure generator 1 are attached.

About the self-closing hydraulic valve 9 hydraulic fluid can be passed into the pulling or pressing device in this case.

At the front housing part a safety actuator 7 is arranged.

Depending on the embodiment variant, a device with a two-hand operation can be provided via the safety actuation device 7, such that both the safety actuation device 7 and the actuation device 2 must be actuated in order to generate pressure.

In an alternative embodiment, the safety actuator 7 must be moved to the active position shown here prior to actuation of the actuator 2. After completion of a riveting operation, the actuator 2 has been released, the safety actuator 7 works forward and the next pull or pressing process can be performed again when the Safety actuator 7 is folded back into the position shown here.

On the side is still a screw 10 in the housing 5, opened over the hydraulic area and hydraulic fluid can be refilled.

Fig. 2 shows a sectional view of the in Fig. 1 illustrated pressure generator 1, based on which the function of the pressure generator to be explained in more detail.

About the compressed air connection 6 of the pneumatic area, ie the area in which the device is in compressed air, connected to a compressed air source, such as a compressor.

The pressure regulator 3 is designed as a so-called upstream pressure regulator. The valve seat 63 is adjusted via a threaded drive of the pressure regulator 3 in its position. The biased downward by a spring piston 64 is traversed centrally by compressed air. By adjusting the valve seat 63, the spring force and thus the set working pressure changes. About the flow control valve 61, the amount of air is regulated.

The function of an upstream pressure regulator is otherwise known to the person skilled in the art and requires no further explanation.

Compressed air can be passed via the switching valve 66 into the working chamber 14 of the pneumatic piston 13 via the channel 68.

Upon actuation, in this embodiment so when depressing the actuator 2 and thus coupled by means of the pin 11 switching valve 12 flows through the channel 65 compressed air into the working chamber 14 of the pneumatic piston 13. The pneumatic piston 13 is coupled to the smaller hydraulic piston 18, or pneumatic piston thirteenth and hydraulic piston 18 may form a component. As a result of the inflow of compressed air, the pneumatic piston 13 is initially moved to the left starting from the position shown here.

When the control bore 62 is exceeded, compressed air flows from the working chamber 14 through the channel 16 to the pilot control valve 54, which takes over the control of the pneumatic piston 13. By the air flowing through the channel 16 compressed air then a piston 66 of the pilot control valve 54 is moved to the left and the valve opens. Compressed air can now flow out of the working space 14 of the pneumatic piston 13 via a silencer (not shown) into the atmosphere via the exhaust air chamber 58.

Since now the pressure in the working chamber 14 decreases, the pneumatic piston 13 is moved by the spring 17 to the right until the piston 13 touches on the pilot control valve 54 and this closes again. Now, the working space 14 is closed again and through the incoming air via the channel 15 compressed air can build up working pressure again.

The use of the pilot control valve 54 which axially in a row with both the pneumatic piston 13 and with the hydraulic piston 18 is arranged, a reliable control with a large stroke and thus great power is provided.

The system operates as a hydraulic pump, that is, the pneumatic piston 13 and thus the hydraulic piston 18 is moved in an oscillating manner. Consequently, hydraulic fluid can be conveyed continuously and a small working volume of the hydraulic piston 18 is sufficient to be able to provide a sufficient amount of hydraulic fluid.

In order to work as a pump, the hydraulic area has a pressure valve 59 and a suction valve 19, via which a fluid delivery only in the direction of the hydraulic valve 9, to which the pulling or pressing device is connected, is possible. The configuration of the pressure valve 59, which opens at each pumping operation in which the piston is moved to the left, and suction valve 19, which flows when resetting the piston hydraulic fluid in the working space of the hydraulic piston is known in the art and requires no further explanation.

The hydraulic valve 9 consists of a sleeve 9a and a plug 9b, which closes the valve by means of spring force when the pulling or pressing device is not connected.

The hydraulic valve 9 is part of the quick coupling 8, which is connected by means of a seal comprehensive connection piece 57 with the hydraulic portion 20.

The quick coupling 8 can be released by turning and is locked in the attached state via the locking lever 23 to ensure that not accidentally under pressure applied to the clutch is released.

The housing 47 of the quick coupling 8 is preferably bolted to the housing of the pressure generator or to the front housing part.

Further, the pressure generator comprises a relief valve 21. It is in this embodiment, a three-two-way valve. The relief valve 21 is opened in the ground state with applied compressed air via the channel 22. For this purpose, the compressed air flows via the channel 22 into a working space and presses the relief piston 60 down.

Since now the hydraulic fluid from the hydraulic region 20 flows back continuously, no pressure can build up.

With actuation of the actuator 2, the channel 22 is closed and the relief valve 21 is closed due to spring preload. Consequently, pressure can build up in the hydraulic area 20.

If the operator releases the actuating device 2 again, compressed air flows through the channel 22 and opens the relief valve 21, so that the hydraulic area immediately after releasing the actuator 2 is depressurized.

In this embodiment, a safety actuator 7 is still provided, which is arranged as an eccentric above the discharge piston 60.

A pressure build-up is possible only in the position of the safety actuator 7 shown here, since when you move the safety actuator of the eccentric holds the relief piston 60 in the open position, thus preventing a closing of the relief valve 21.

The safety actuating device 7 may be designed so that it moves automatically, for example by means of a spring in an open position of the relief valve. Before each new actuation of the actuator 2 then the safety actuator 7 must be placed back in the position shown here, in which it first remains, as it is determined due to the spring bias of the relief valve 21. After actuation of the actuator, the safety actuator 7 works back into the non-active position.

Depending on the embodiment variant, a two-hand operation can also be provided via the safety actuating device 7, in which case it must be operated continuously in order to build up pressure at all (not shown).

Fig. 3 shows a view of the pressure generator 1 with a view from the front of the quick coupling 8. The quick coupling. 8 includes engagement elements which can be moved by means of the sliding ring 25 radially inwardly to lock a corresponding coupling element. In the locked state, the slide ring 25 can be fixed by means of the locking lever 23 in the locked position. The turning back of the slide ring 25 is therefore only possible again when the locking lever 23 is released.

Fig. 4 shows a sectional view taken along the line BB Fig. 1 , Evident are the engagement elements 24 in the form of balls, which can be moved by means of the backdrop of the slide ring 25 while turning the same inside.

Fig. 5 shows a first pressing device 26, which can be connected to a pressure generator described above. For this purpose, the pressing device 26 comprises a quick coupling 27 having a groove in which in connection with FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 can engage described engagement elements.

At the front, the pressing device 26 comprises a head piece 28 with a rivet receptacle.

Fig. 6 shows a sectional view taken along line AA Fig. 5 , Evident is the self-closing hydraulic valve 29. Furthermore, the pressing device comprises a piston 30, which is reset by means of spring 31. When hydraulic fluid is introduced, the piston pushes forward and initiates the riveting operation via the head piece 28.

The pressing device 26 further has on the edge side a groove 32, which for attaching the in Fig. 7 provided in a perspective view bracket 33 is provided.

The bracket 33 is fixed by means of a locking pin 34 on the pressing device (26 in FIGS. 5 and 6 ) attached. The bracket has a rivet holder 35, in which the second part of the rivet is inserted to perform a setting operation with the pressing device to which the bracket 33 is attached, in which a two-part conventional rivet is processed.

Fig. 8 shows a perspective view of a Blindnieteinrichtung 36, which is also fastened by means of the quick coupling 27 to a pressure generator described above.

The Blindnieteinrichtung 36 includes a pulling device 37 with a head piece 38, in which the rivet pin of a blind rivet is insertable.

The pulling device 37 is attached by means of a pivot bearing 39 to a holder 40, which comprises the quick coupling 27. Thus, the pulling device 37 can be pivoted by at least 90 ° to the holder 40 in order to reach hard to reach places.

Fig. 9 shows the Blindnieteinrichtung 36 with the head piece 38 in a front view. It can be seen that the diameter of the pulling device 37 is substantially the diameter of the generally screwed trained Headpiece 38 corresponds. Traction device and head are so very compact.

Fig. 10 shows a sectional view of the Blindnieteinrichtung 36 along the line EE Fig. 9 ,

The traction device 37 comprises a piston 42. At the rear end of the traction device is a removable container 43, are collected in the torn Nietstifte. The pivot bearing 39 comprises a latching mechanism, via which the pulling device 37 can be locked in defined positions or locked by a pin when it is pivoted about the holder 40. Evident is also the quick coupling 27 with a self-closing valve for hydraulic fluid.

Fig. 11 shows a further sectional view of a pulling device 36. In this sectional view clearly visible, the claws of a gripping device 44 for grasping the Nietstiftes.

Next to recognize a rotary feedthrough 45 in the region of the pivot bearing 39. About the rotary feedthrough hydraulic fluid is supplied to the pulling device.

The quick coupling 27 comprises a self-closing hydraulic valve 29, which in Fig. 12 is shown in detail.

The self-closing hydraulic valve is arranged in a housing 47 of the quick coupling and is frontally over the seal 46 sealed. When coupling to the quick connector of the pressure generator (8 in Fig. 2 ), the sleeve 55 is pushed to the left, wherein a corresponding sleeve of the quick release of the pressure generator (9a in Fig. 2 ) penetrates into the housing 47 and is sealed by the seal 46. The sleeve 55 is held under tension with the spring 48. A central pin 56 now presses simultaneously the plug of the hydraulic valve of the pressure generator (9b in Fig. 2 ) inwards, so that between the hydraulic valves, a channel is formed through which hydraulic fluid can flow.

Fig. 13 shows an improved rivet insert 49, which can be used for example in connection with the previously described pressing device. Rivet insert 49 is intended for known rivet heads on the market. For this purpose, a known per se head piece 51 by means of a clamping sleeve 52, which is pulled on a clamping cone 53, attached. For this purpose, the components are inserted into the housing 50.

Fig. 14 shows a sectional view taken along the line BB in Fig. 13 , Evident is in particular the bottom slotted clamping sleeve 52, which is spread apart from the clamping cone 53 below and thus provides a frictional attachment of the head piece 51.

In contrast to known recordings for rivet heads, this recording has no thread by means of which the head piece is attached. In known recordings with a thread, it may happen that the screw loosens. When pressing the thread is then destroyed, which can not happen in the recording shown here.

Fig. 15 shows a further detailed representation of the principle. Evident is the clamping cone 53, which has an approximately claw-shaped profile in the sectional view. Due to the clamping sleeve 52, these claws form and locks against the head piece 51.

Referring to Fig. 16 a further, alternative embodiment of the invention will be explained, in which the previously described pressure generator is operated stationary. Shown is a handle 80 with a quick coupling 81, which corresponds to the quick coupling of the pressure generator and to which the press and pull tools previously shown can be connected.

The handle 80 has an actuating device 32, via which a pulling or pressing operation can be established.

Connected to the handle 80 via a hydraulic line 83. This is preferably by means of a quick coupling (not shown) connected to the pressure generator.

Further, the handle comprises the pneumatic control lines 84 and 85, which are preferably also connected to a correspondingly modified pressure generator by means of a quick coupling and on this according to the function of the actuator 2 in Fig. 2 can be controlled.

The use of such a handle makes it possible that the handset with which rivets are set, for example, can be made more compact.

In particular, the invention enables very compact riveting and pressing tools, over which a very high tensile force can be exerted.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

pressure generator

2

actuator

3

pressure regulator

4

Handle

5

casing

6

Compressed air connection

7

Safety actuator

8th

quick coupling

9

hydraulic valve

9a

shell

9b

Plug

10

screw

11

pen

12

switching valve

13

pneumatic piston

14

working space

15

channel

16

channel

17

feather

18

hydraulic pistons

19

suction

20

hydraulics

21

relief valve

22

channel

23

locking lever

24

engaging member

25

setting ring

26

pressing device

27

quick coupling

28

headpiece

29

hydraulic valve

30

piston

31

feather

32

groove

33

rivet clamp

34

locking pin

35

Rivet

36

Blindnieteinrichtung

37

hitch

38

headpiece

39

pivot bearing

40

holder

41

detent mechanism

42

piston

43

container

44

gripper

45

Rotary union

46

poetry

47

casing

48

feather

49

rivet insertion

50

casing

51

headpiece

52

clamping sleeve

53

expansion cone

54

Pilot control valve

55

shell

56

pen

57

connector

58

exhaust chamber

59

pressure valve

60

relief piston

61

Flow control valve

62

control bore

63

valve seat

64

piston

65

channel

66

piston

80

grip

81

quick coupling

82

actuator

83

hydraulic connection

84

Pneumatic control line

85

Pneumatic control line

Claims (13)

Pressure generator for a hydraulic tool, in particular for a pulling and / or pressing device, comprising a pneumatic piston which is coupled to a hydraulic piston, wherein the pneumatic piston is oscillated by means of a control device, so that by oscillating movement of the hydraulic piston in a hydraulic range, a pressure generated is, and wherein the hydraulic portion comprises a quick coupling with a hydraulic line for a hydraulic tool. Pressure generator for a hydraulic tool according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the control device comprises a piston control comprises. Pressure generator for a hydraulic tool according to the preceding claim, characterized in that a pilot control valve via the pneumatic piston is movable to a closed position. Pressure generator for a hydraulic tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hydraulic region has a relief valve. Pressure generator for a hydraulic tool according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the relief valve, in particular via a Pneumatic line, with the control device and / or can be actuated with an actuating device, such that the relief valve opens in a non-actuated position. Pressure generator for a hydraulic tool according to one of the preceding two claims, characterized in that the relief valve is connected to a safety actuator, which must be actuated to generate by means of an actuator pressure in the hydraulic region. Pressure generator for a hydraulic tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a hydraulic fluid reservoir is arranged in a chamber which extends at least partially around the hydraulic piston. Pressure generator for a hydraulic tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the quick coupling has a self-closing valve for hydraulic fluid. Pressure generator for a hydraulic tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pressure generator has an actuating device. Pressure generator for a hydraulic tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the quick coupling has engagement elements which are movable by means of a sliding guide in the direction of a central axis. Pressure generator for a hydraulic tool, in particular according to one of the preceding claims, comprising a pneumatic piston which is coupled to a hydraulic piston, wherein the pneumatic piston by means of a control device is oscillated, so that by oscillating movement of the hydraulic piston in a hydraulic range, a pressure can be generated in a working space of the pneumatic piston, a pilot control valve actuated by the reset of the pneumatic piston, in particular in a closed position is movable. Pulling or pressing tool, in particular riveting tool, punching tool or cartridge press, comprising at least one hydraulic area with a hydraulic piston, which is connected by means of a quick coupling with a pressure generator according to one of the preceding claims. Tool system comprising a pressure generator according to one of the preceding claims and a plurality of different tension and / or pressing devices, which are connectable by means of a quick coupling with the pressure generator.

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