DE102010056058A1 - Device for loosening homogeneous and statistically significant parts of fibrous, twisted light material, particularly recycling products, has feed channel and horizontal roller with spikes slanting opposite to rotation axis - Google Patents

Abstract

The device has a feed channel and a horizontal roller with spikes slanting opposite to a rotation axis. Multiple spikes are in a row and these spike rows run on a roller surface with bigger angle of gradient or the individual spike sticks out from the surface of the roller obtuse angled to plane of the cylindrical barrel, that is inclined against the rotation direction. An independent claim is also included for a method for loosening homogeneous and statistically significant parts of fibrous, twisted light material, particularly recycling products.

Description

The invention relates to a device for homogenization and sample division of fibrous lightweight materials, eg. B. Recycling products u. Like., Comprising a chute and a horizontal roller with opposite to the direction of rotation inclined spines. The material can be entangled, entangled, spun or woven together, as well as easily glued and due to high moisture content (up to about 35%) be adhering to each other sampling material, which is entknäult by the device and loosened, without individual components are crushed. By means of a bulkhead which projects upwards in the middle of the outlet opening, the material is then divided into two statistically equivalent subsets with respect to volume, mass and substance stock.

The so-called dividing cross for dividing sample quantities is already known. However, this is more suitable for free-flowing materials, for fibrous and / or coherent material, it is less suitable, since an undissolved tangle of material would assign only one of the four subsets.

Furthermore, a device for shredding household and garden waste, straw, fruit, etc. is known ( DE 3834206 ) are arranged at the on a rotating shaft with a horizontal axis of rotation as crushing tools radially projecting bolts. The aim of this device, however, is only to mechanically crush the input material and dissolve discontinuous balls.

Furthermore, a method and a device for waste processing are known ( US 3703970 ) in which waste materials are broken and divided by a rotatable, motor-driven crushing drum, a cooperating crushing jaw and inhibiting means. The breaking up of the materials through the crushing drum is then followed by a compression in the collecting container to reduce the volume.

Likewise, a device for crushing waste glass for the purpose of disposal is already known ( US 3151814 ), smashed at the staggered mounted vertically projecting from the roller teeth inserted glass objects. The teeth on the roller face a ledge with a static row of teeth.

It is common to all the above-mentioned devices that due to the lack of loosening of balls, the components are mixed inadequately and / or the divided material is changed with them by comminution in the substance inventory and thus the resulting subsets no longer represent the starting material statistically significantly.

The present invention has for its object to provide a device of the type mentioned, which allows optimal loosening, homogenization and representative division of the sample material without changing the stock.

According to the invention, it is proposed that in each case a plurality of spines run in a row with a pitch angle designed for low shear forces and stand out at an obtuse angle to the generating plane of the cylindrical roller from the roll surface, that is inclined against the direction of rotation. The spikes can be arranged spirally or v-shaped on the roller.

The maximum length of the spikes is determined by the smallest distance between the roll surface and the opposite boundary of the working space of the roll.

The spikes are in the direction of rotation also offset beveled baffles, which are mounted on an inclined plane opposite. Through these baffles the spikes press the material to be sampled, whereby they separate this material without crushing it.

Another important advantage is that successively only a few spines dive between the guide webs, so that the rotational movement is not jerky, but continuous.

On the other side of the spiked roller (the baffles opposite) are comb-shaped arranged metal rods or sheets to strip in the spikes of the roller entrained material.

The distances between the spikes, the baffles and the scrapers can be varied depending on the type of material to be sampled.

Below the roller there is an outlet opening that widens downwardly to prevent the falling loose material from clogging the exit opening.

After equalization of the flow of material, a first division into two statistically equivalent portions is achieved in that below the exit, an upstanding bulkhead halves.

To ensure a uniform flow of material in the passage gap between spiked and To ensure baffle, the opening of the hopper should preferably be square and located above the baffles.

Optionally, for the supply of the material to the spiked roller, a funnel with a rotatable spindle can be attached, which on the one hand causes premixing and on the other hand smoothes out the supply of material to the spiked roller ( 6 ). According to the invention, it is proposed that in a funnel from a vertically arranged in the middle of the funnel rod-shaped axis crimp arms depart, which are bent in a spiral downward and counter to the direction of rotation.

• 1. Aufgeben einer Sammelprobe M₁ vorgeschriebener Größe in die Teilungsvorrichtung,
• 2. Teilung der Probe in 2 äquivalente Hälften,
• 3. Rückführung einer der Teilmengen M_i, i = 2, 3, ..., n, zur weiteren Teilung mit der Vorrichtung und gleichzeitig Herausführen der anderen Teilmenge aus dem Teilungsprozess zur weiteren Verwendung,
• 4. Wiederholung der Schritte 2 und 3 bis die verbleibende Endprobe M_n die für die Analyse erforderliche Größe hat.

The procedure for the representative sample division consists of the following steps ( 7 ):

• 1. placing a bulk sample M ₁ prescribed size in the dividing device,
• 2. division of the sample into 2 equivalent halves,
• 3. Returning one of the subsets M _i , i = 2, 3,..., N, for further division with the device and at the same time leading out the other subset from the division process for further use,
• 4. Repeat steps 2 and 3 until the remaining final sample M _{n has} the size required for the analysis.

Further features of the invention will be explained in more detail in the following embodiment with reference to the drawings. It shows:

1 a vertical section through such a device;

2 a further vertical section through such a device;

3 a view of the rotating body designed as a cylindrical roller;

4 an oblique view of the executed as a cylindrical roller body of revolution;

5 a view of the Leitstege;

6 a view of the rotatable spindle;

7 the process scheme for the representative sample division.

The device consists of a square slot 1 and one about an approximately horizontal axis 2 rotating body of revolution, called a cylindrical roller 3 is trained. As a drive for the roller both an engine and a hand crank is conceivable. Below the roller is an ejection funnel 4 provided that widened down to prevent the falling loose material clogged the outlet opening. the spikes 5 are obtuse from the roller; the angle of attack α of the spines is about 135 °. The pitch angle β spiked row is about 22.5 °. The spikes push the material through the baffles 6 , Comb-like arranged sheets 7 should strip off material carried by the spikes; There are also other embodiments of the scraper conceivable, for example, as a comb-like arranged metal rods. After equalization of the flow of material, a first division into two statistically equivalent portions is achieved by the fact that below the outlet an upstanding bulkhead 8th halves the discontinued material.

Optionally, a funnel can be used to feed the material to the spiked roller 9 be mounted with a rotatable spindle. The spindle consists of a vertically arranged rod-shaped axis 10 , from the Krälarme 11 depart, which are bent in a spiral downward and counter to the direction of rotation.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

chute

2

horizontal axis

3

cylindrical roller

4

discharge hoppers

5

protruding spines

6

baffles

7

scraper

8th

high bulkhead

9

funnel

10

rod-shaped axis

11

Krälarme

α

angle of attack

β

lead angle

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 3834206 [0003]
• US 3703970 [0004]
• US 3151814 [0005]

Claims (8)

Apparatus for loosening, homogenizing and statistically significant parts of fibrous, entangled lightweight materials, in particular recycling products u. Like., Consisting of a chute and a horizontal roller with counter to the direction of rotation inclined spines, each with several spines in a row and this row of spikes on the roll surface with a large pitch angle and / or the individual spines obtuse to the generating plane of the cylindrical roller of the Project roll surface, that is inclined against the direction of rotation. Apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the barbs of the roll offset baffles are mounted, through which the sample material is pressed through the spines. Device according to claims 1 and 2, wherein the baffles are mounted to scrapers in the form of comb-shaped metal rods or sheets, on which is entrained by the spikes of the roller entrained material. Device according to claims 1 to 3, wherein there is an upstanding bulkhead below the outlet opening through which the amount of material is statistically significantly halved. Device for premixing and for equalizing the supply of material to the device according to claims 1 to 4, wherein in a funnel from a vertically arranged in the middle of the funnel rod-shaped axis crimp arms depart, which are bent in a spiral downward and counter to the direction of rotation. Process for loosening, homogenizing and statistically significant parts of fibrous, entangled lightweight materials, in particular recycling products u. Like., Where a bulk sample M ₁ prescribed size is placed in the dividing device and divided into two equivalent halves. Method according to claim 6, wherein one of the two received subsets M _i (i = 2, 3, ..., n) is fed back into the device for further division while the other subset is discarded. The method of claim 6 and 7, wherein the steps of dividing and returning one of the two received subsets is repeated until the subset M _{n has reached} a size suitable as a laboratory sample size.

Images