DE102010035185A1 - Ball roller for e.g. single-row roller bearing, has hollow space part formed with respect to rotation axis of roller, and filling part accommodated in space part, and active and/or passive sensor element formed by filling part - Google Patents

Abstract

The roller (1) has a hollow space part (2) formed with respect to a rotation axis of the roller in rotationally-symmetrical manner. A filling part (3) is accommodated in the space part, and an active and/or passive sensor element (4) is formed by the filling part that comprises a magnet-containing substance e.g. magnet-containing elastomer material or magnet-containing sinter material, and/or a coil system to form the element. The space part is formed as central passage hole (5) or a blind hole, where the roller is formed as a roller body or a sintered part and a shaped sheet metal part. An independent claim is also included for a roller bearing comprising a ball roller as a roller body.

Description

Field of the invention

The invention relates to a cavity having a ball roller for a rolling bearing having the features of the preamble of claim 1.

Furthermore, the invention relates to a rolling bearing with such a ball roller.

State of the art

Ball rollers of the type mentioned above, for example, from the published patent application DE 10 2006 046 175 A1 out. They each have two symmetrically flattened from a basic spherical shape, parallel to each other side surfaces. In order to reduce the production costs, it is proposed to produce the ball rollers, which are preferably designed as hollow bodies, exclusively by a non-cutting shaping process, so that no complicated mechanical finishing is required for producing the final body contour. The ball rolls are only finally heat treated. Preferably, the ball rollers are produced as massive rolling bodies by extrusion from a cut all-round material or as a hollow rolling element by deep drawing from a punched round plate.

From the publication DE 10 2007 056 538 A1 In addition, a rolling bearing with a device for detecting the movement of rolling elements in a rolling bearing is known which comprises a front side mounted on the rolling element magnetic encoding, preferably a permanent magnet mounted on the rolling element, and a provided on the rolling bearing receiver for detecting the magnetic coding.

Based on the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention seeks to provide a rolling bearing, in particular a ball roller of a rolling bearing, with extended benefits, the running properties of the ball roller - if at all - should be only slightly influenced. In addition, the rolling bearing or the ball roller should be simple and inexpensive to manufacture.

The object is achieved by a ball roller having the features of claim 1. Advantageous developments of the invention are specified in the subclaims. The object is further achieved by a rolling bearing having the features of claim 11.

Disclosure of the invention

The proposed ball roller has a cavity which is rotationally symmetrical with respect to a rotational axis of the ball roller. According to the invention, a filling is received in the cavity. By filling a sensor element may be formed. For example, the filling may be a magnet-containing material and / or a coil system for forming an active and / or passive sensor element. The sensor element may serve to detect various parameters, such as the position of the ball roller. For this purpose, the sensor element preferably cooperates with an externally arranged encoder.

Characterized in that the sensor element is integrated as a filling or component of a filling in the spherical rolling elements, the running properties and the running behavior of the rolling element are not or only insignificantly influenced, since the spherical shape is basically maintained. In this sense, it is also favorable that the cavity in which the sensor element is received or formed is designed to be rotationally symmetrical with respect to an axis of rotation of the ball roller. Further preferably, the filling fills the entire cavity, thereby further improving the strength of the ball roller. In addition or as an alternative to the sensor element, the filling may contain lubricants, in particular solid lubricants, fats and / or oils, which ensure permanent lubrication. Rolling with such ball rollers are therefore particularly suitable for use in the food industry, since often a permanent lubrication of the bearing is required. The lubricant may be contained in a porous material such as a foam, wick, tampon or felt which at least partially fills the cavity of the ball roll. In order to reliably convey the lubricant from the hollow space from the ball roller and in particular to supply a cage guiding the ball rollers, it is advantageous if the porous material projects beyond the flattened side surfaces of the ball roller.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the filling contains a magnet containing elastomeric material or a metal-containing sintered material. Further preferably, the magnetic material is present in the filling and / or the magnet-containing material as a magnetic fluid or as a powder. This has the advantage that the magnet-containing material can be easily introduced into the cavity of the ball roller. In addition, the magnesium-containing materials - as already mentioned - additionally lubricants, especially fats or oils contain. As a filling is also particularly suitable solid grease, which is a with Oil impregnated polymer acts. The use of such a filler is able to cause a damping effect and at the same time a lubrication, since the oil is discharged.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the cavity of the ball roller is designed as a central through hole or as a blind hole. Beisielsweise the bore was subsequently introduced into an initially massive ball roller body. If the cavity is designed as a blind hole, the ball roller preferably has two coaxially arranged blind holes, which are arranged mirrored. This ensures that the running behavior of the ball roller is not adversely affected. In addition, both blind holes can be affected with Fällig. In addition, both blind holes can be closed with fillings, which additionally contain lubricants, so that the lubrication is uniformly improved in the contact area with lateral contact surfaces.

The ball roller can be produced for example by means of sintering. The sintering method allows the introduction of the filling before the actual sintering process, so that the ball roller and the filling can be formed in a common step. For this purpose, a cavity for receiving the filling is already to be formed in the pre-pressed green compact of the ball roller. The subsequent formation of a cavity can therefore be omitted. Preferably, the filling is introduced into the sintered ball roller or into the green compact to be sintered in a vacuum and furthermore preferably together with a lubricant, such as, for example, grease or oil.

Regardless of whether the cavity of the ball roller was prepared by drilling or by means of another shaping process, if necessary, before the actual sintering, the cavity may be formed continuously or as a blind hole. If the cavity has the shape of a blind hole, two such cavities are preferably provided, which are arranged coaxially and on opposite sides of the ball roller.

Alternatively, it is proposed that the ball roller is a sheet metal forming part. The forming process is preferably a cold forming process. For example, the preparation may be effected by means of deep drawing. The cavity has then already been produced during the forming, so that a post-processing for the formation of the cavity can be omitted. This has a favorable effect on the production costs. Only the filling is then introduced later into the existing cavity.

Claimed is also a rolling bearing with at least one ball roller according to the invention as rolling elements. Preferably, the rolling bearing comprises a plurality of such ball rollers, which are arranged between an outer ring and an inner ring of the rolling bearing and guided in a cage.

According to one embodiment of the invention, an inductive and / or capacitive measuring system is integrated in the rolling bearing, which comprises a stationary arranged encoder. By way of the measuring arrangement integrated in the bearing, parameters such as, for example, the position of at least one ball roller and accordingly the speed and / or the speed can be detected. To evaluate the measured data, these are preferably transmitted wirelessly by means of a radio transmission method to a terminal, in particular a processor.

Preferably, a side guide, for example in the form of a thrust washer, is designed to guide the ball roller as a carrier for the stationarily arranged encoder. The arrangement of the encoder thus takes place in direct proximity to the formed in the ball roller sensor element.

Advantageously, as already mentioned, the inductive and / or capacitive measuring system integrated in the roller bearing can be connected wirelessly, in particular by means of a radio link, to an externally arranged measuring data evaluation unit. The data transmission can take place using a transponder, which forwards the electromagnetic waves to the evaluation unit. There, the data are preferably filtered, weighted and evaluated to determine from the derived ratios, for example, the life of the bearing and thus the reliability.

The advantages described above are also transferable to conventional rolling bearings. For example, existing rolling bearings can be retrofitted with a ball roller according to the invention. Claimed is therefore also a rolling bearing, which is designed as an adaptive hybrid and comprises at least one ball roller according to the invention and at least one massively trained rolling elements. The latter may also be in the form of a ball roller or a shape deviating from such a shape, in particular a spherical, cylindrical, conical or barrel shape. That is, the invention is also applicable to barrel or spherical roller bearings, for example.

In conjunction with a conventional known from the prior art, the optionally used later ball roller according to the invention can be used on the selected bias for setting an additional bearing damping. For this purpose, the diameter of the at least one, having a significant Elaszität hollow ball roller larger than the diameter of the other, much less elastically yielding rolling elements. Likewise, in a rolling bearing having exclusively hollow ball rollers as rolling bearings, in this way a bias and a vibration damping and noise reduction can be realized. The damping properties can also be selectively influenced by the selection of fillers in the cavity of the ball roller. Suitable fillers here are in particular plastics and / or elastomers. Also, the ball roller body itself may be made of plastic.

In the fillers according to the invention sensor materials, lubricants such as oils and fats, and cleaning nonwovens may be included, which are preferably inserted before filling the ball hollow body in the cavity. Furthermore, magnetic fillers can be used for cleaning and / or as a sensor, since particles generated by abrasion are attracted and collected by the magnetic fillers, the quantity of collected particles permitting a statement about the wear state of the rolling bearing.

Subsequent installation of the filled ball rollers does not have to change the basic load rating or the installation space. Possibly. just adjust the cage. However, the load rating and / or the stiffness of the rolling bearing can be increased specifically by the additional filled ball rollers. Furthermore, the efficiency can be increased by minimizing the total slip when the conventional rolling elements are "taken" by the filled ball rollers. This usually leads to a reduction of noise. A support on the filled ball rollers also has the advantage of a lower rolling friction at the time of startup, since due to the shape of a lower surface pressure.

Preferred embodiments of the invention are explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings. These show:

1 a known from the prior art ball roller,

2 a partial section through a known from the prior art rolling bearing,

3 a schematic representation of a first embodiment of a ball roller according to the invention in a rolling bearing shown in fragmentary form,

4 a schematic representation of a second embodiment of a ball roller according to the invention in a rolling bearing shown in fragmentary form,

5 and 6 Sectional views of a third embodiment of a rolling bearing according to the invention,

7 and 8th Sectional views of a fourth embodiment of a rolling bearing according to the invention,

9 and 10 Sectional views of a fifth embodiment of a rolling bearing according to the invention,

11 and 12 Sectional views of inventive rolling elements.

Detailed description of the drawings

Of the 1 is a known from the prior art ball roller 1 which can be used in a single or multi-row rolling bearing. The width of the ball roller 1 with b _k , the diameter of the ball basic shape of the ball roller 1 denoted by d _k . Each of the mirror-symmetrical, flattened side surfaces of the ball roller 1 is with the reference numeral 14 characterized. If that's the ball rollers 1 having bearing is multi-row, it is constructed, for example, like a double-row angular contact ball bearings.

Again 2 can be seen, are already ball rollers 1 known, one as a blind hole 6 executed cavity 2 for receiving one on the cage 13 trained holding pin 16 exhibit. A leadership of the ball roll is also done via a circumferential ridge 18 standing in the middle of a tread 15 the ball roller 1 is formed, and a corresponding thereto formed groove 17 both in the outer ring 11 , as well as in the inner ring 12 , The ball roller 1 also features like the ball roller 1 of the 1 flattened side surfaces 14 on, from which out the executed as a blind hole cavities 2 each extend radially inward. The two cavities 2 are coaxial and each rotationally symmetric with respect to a rotational axis (dashed line) of the ball roller 1 arranged or formed.

Of the 3 is a first embodiment of a ball roller according to the invention 1 or to remove a rolling bearing according to the invention. The ball roller 1 points through the flattened side surfaces 14 a different from the spherical shape basic shape. Further, the ball roller 1 from a through hole 5 intersperses which the cavity 2 formed. The cavity 2 However, in this case does not serve the inclusion of retaining pin 16 a cage 13 but contains a filling 3 for forming an active or passive sensor element 4 , For this purpose, the filling contains a magnet-containing material, preferably a magnet-containing elastomer or sintered material. Alternatively, the filling 3 also have a coil system, wherein the coil system is preferably embedded in an elastomer or sintered material to fill the gaps. Such a trained ball roller preferably acts with an encoder 8th together, the stationary, for example in a side guide 9 of the rolling bearing, is arranged. The ball roller 1 rotating sensor element 4 and the encoder 8th thus form a measuring system integrated in the rolling bearing 7 , For example, to detect the position of the ball roller 1 , out. About the position of the ball roller 1 can be derived further parameters, such as the speed and / or speed of a mounted on the rolling bearing rotating object. The measured data acquired via the integrated measuring system can then be transmitted by radio to an evaluation and / or control unit.

The embodiment of 4 is different from that of 3 in that the side guides 9 from thrust washers 10 are formed, each one to the cavity 2 coaxial recess 19 have. The filling 3 also forms areas that over the flattened side surfaces 14 protrude and analogous to the retaining pin 16 in the recesses 19 the thrust washers 10 to grab. At the same time forms the filling 3 an active or passive sensor element and at least one of the thrust washers 10 one with the sensor element 8th cooperating encoder 8th out. The thrust washer 10 may be designed as a bobbin or include such.

In the embodiments according to the 5 - 8th has the respective rolling bearing in addition to the hollow, a filling 3 having ball rollers 1 massive rolling elements 20 on that as balls ( 5 . 6 ) or ball rollers ( 7 . 8th ) are formed. In both cases, the diameter of the hollow ball rollers 1 slightly larger than the diameter of the other massive rolling elements 20 , The hollow ball rolls 1 are here between the outer ring 11 and the inner ring 12 at least slightly elastically deformed, so that a bias of the rolling bearing is given. In this way it is ensured that during a rotation of the outer ring 11 relative to the inner ring 12 regardless of the prevailing load condition of the cage 13 always taken. This effect is, as in the 5 . 6 such as 7 . 8th shown with three hollow ball rollers 1 reliably accessible. Notwithstanding this may also be a lower or higher number of hollow ball rollers 1 be arranged in a single or multi-row roller bearing. By way of example, the show 9 and 10 a trained as a ball roller bearing single-row bearings, which exclusively hollow ball rollers 1 having rolling elements.

In each of the embodiments according to the 5 - 10 show the hollow balls 1 , which are formed as non-cutting formed sheet metal parts, a filling 3 which is formed by a lubricant, for example, a solid lubricant such as molybdenum disulfide, or contains such a lubricant. Both the ball roller 1 according to 11 as well as the ball roller 1 according to 12 is for everyone in the 5 - 10 illustrated rolling bearing suitable. In the variant after 11 shows the filling 3 a uniform structure, with one in the filling 3 contained lubricant, such as an oil, in an absorbent material, namely a sponge 21 or a material having comparable properties. The sponge 21 Closes flush with the flattened side surfaces 14 the ball roller 1 from.

In contrast to the embodiment according to 11 points in the exemplary embodiment 12 the filling 3 an inhomogeneous structure. Centric inside the sponge 21 , rotationally symmetrical to the axis of rotation of the ball roller 1 , is in this a wick 22 , also referred to as tampon, which on both sides on the flattened side surfaces 14 protrudes and has the task of lubricant, which is not necessarily included depending on the consistency in a sponge, from the ball roller 1 to promote and in particular on surfaces of not shown, the ball rollers 1 Apply to leading cage. Within a single rolling bearing can both ball rollers 1 the in 11 shown type and at least one ball roller 1 the in 12 be arranged shown type.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

ball roller

2

cavity

3

filling

4

sensor element

5

Through Hole

6

Blind hole

7

measuring system

8th

encoder

9

cornering

10

thrust washer

11

outer ring

12

inner ring

13

Cage

14

flattened side surfaces

15

tread

16

retaining pins

17

groove

18

ridge

19

recess

20

rolling elements

21

sponge

22

wick

b _k

Width of 1

d _k

Diameter of the ball basic form of 1

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 102006046175 A1 [0003]
• DE 102007056538 A1 [0004]

Claims (15)

Ball roller for a rolling bearing with a cavity ( 2 ) which is rotationally symmetrical with respect to an axis of rotation of the ball roller ( 1 ), characterized in that in the cavity ( 2 ) a filling ( 3 ) is recorded. Ball roller according to claim 1, characterized in that through the filling ( 3 ) an active and / or passive sensor element ( 4 ) is trained. Ball roller according to claim 2, characterized in that the filling ( 3 ) a magnet-containing material and / or a coil system for forming the active and / or passive sensor element ( 4 ) having. Ball roller according to claim 3, characterized in that the filling ( 3 ) contains a magnetite-containing elastomeric material or a metal-containing sintered material. Ball roller according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cavity ( 2 ) of the ball roller ( 1 ) as a central through-hole ( 5 ) or as a blind hole ( 6 ) is executed. Ball roller according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ball roller ( 1 ) is designed as a sintered part. Ball roller according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the ball roller ( 1 ) is a Blechumformteil and the cavity ( 2 ) has been produced during forming. Ball roller according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the filling ( 3 ) comprises a lubricant. Ball roller according to claim 8, characterized in that the filling ( 3 ) is received in a porous material. Ball roller according to claim 9, characterized in that the porous material projects beyond the flattened side surfaces of the ball roller. Rolling bearing having at least one rolling element, which is used as a ball roller ( 1 ) is designed according to one of the preceding claims. Rolling bearing according to claim 11, characterized in that in the rolling bearing an inductive and / or capacitive measuring system ( 7 ), which has a stationary arranged encoder ( 8th ). Rolling bearing according to claim 12, characterized in that a lateral guide ( 9 ), for example in the form of a thrust washer ( 10 ), for guiding the ball roller ( 1 ) as a carrier for the stationary arranged encoder ( 8th ) is trained. Rolling bearing according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that the integrated inductive and / or capacitive measuring system ( 7 ), in particular by means of a radio link, with an externally arranged measurement data evaluation unit is connectable. Rolling bearing according to one of claims 11 to 14, characterized in that the rolling bearing is designed as an adaptive hybrid and at least one ball roller ( 1 ) according to one of claims 1 to 10 and at least one conventional massively trained rolling elements, which also has the shape of a ball roller or a deviating shape, in particular a spherical, cylindrical, conical or barrel shape possesses.

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