DE102010033158B3 - Bearing device used in construction of railway bridge, has arbor whose upper portion is fixed by pivot bearings provided between bars of U-shaped push plate on which upper tie plate is secured - Google Patents

Abstract

The bearing device has a steel cover that is provided to cover tie rods affixed to an upper tie plate (2-1) using attachment screws. The upper tie plate is secured at U-shaped push plate (2-2) and upper portion of an arbor (1-6) is fixed by pivot bearings (3) between the bars (25) of the U-shaped push plate. A pin receptacle structure (10) is provided around the lower portion of the arbor arranged on lower tie plate (1-1).

Description

The invention relates to a device for the storage of bridge structures, in particular designed as a fixed point and guide bearings horizontal force bearing, wherein at least one radial spherical plain bearing is disposed between an over- and substructure.

Bearings, even if sized and installed according to the rules, have a shorter life than the main structure. Therefore, railway bridge bearings are generally to be planned as interchangeable construction products. This interchangeability must already be taken into account and represented in the planning of the construction measure in a stock change concept.

From the DE 10 2004 062 581 B3 is an elastomeric bearing known as prior art, which serves as a roadway storage at the junction of two bridge sections of a portable bridge.

The JP 2006-226 449 A describes a bridge bearing, which has at its lower and upper portions each a dowel plate. Anchoring takes place via a shear anchorage. The shear anchorage engages in vulcanized plates of the elastomeric bearing and anchors the bearing with the adjacent lateral plates, which are made split. In addition, a thick steel plate, which ensures the removal of scheduled horizontal loads, is vulcanised into the elastomer bearing. Due to horizontal loads, the elastomeric pad deforms until a contact between the stop and the vulcanized plate is made. There are no separate shots for the dowel plate (s) provided on the bearing base. The support has metal components that are not completely covered by the elastomer. Thus, there is no adequate corrosion protection for this purpose and for the laterally arranged, divided boundary plates.

From the JP 09-100 511 A a device for supporting a bridge section is known in which between a superstructure and a bearing base each support plates are arranged, which abut against a one-piece elastomeric bearing. On the lower support plate a dowel plate is fixed, which engages in a recess of the bearing base. Since the support described transmits horizontal forces (see 6 . 8th and 12 ) are the two support plates after completion of the bearing firmly connected to the superstructure or the support base (see 8th . 12 and 13 ). The dowel plate is not integrated in the elastomer cushion. There are also no separate shots for the anchor plate (s) provided on the bearing base.

The DE 101 45 857 A1 describes a bearing construction for the damped transmission of shock and / or vibration forces, in particular for structures which are exposed to a seismic load. The bearing construction comprises a volume-elastic damping material arranged between two parts of a bearing body, wherein the first bearing part has a substantially cup shape and in the center or center of gravity of the pot a guide sleeve and between the guide sleeve and the Topfinnenwandung one or more reinforcing sleeves are arranged and the damping material between the spaces Topfinnenwandung, reinforcement and guide sleeve at least partially filled, the second bearing part comprises a displaceable in the guide sleeve bolt, wherein the bolt is in communication with a first mounting plate and further pot outside a second mounting plate is provided so as to anchor the first and second bearing part.

All known elastomeric bearings have the disadvantage that they are each used only for special applications, have too low durability, are replaceable only with great effort and only in exceptional cases without track closures and require the use of a special company.

Railway undertakings are particularly interested in developing equipment elements that can be used to optimize the lifecycle costs of the infrastructure. Therefore, a fixed point and guide bearing was developed around the framework of the project Standardization of bearings.

• • Der Abtrag der Lagerkräfte soll zwängungsfrei sein.
• • Sie sollen für eine Vielzahl von Bauwerken verwendbar sein.
• • Die Lagerung muss den wirtschaftlichen Zwängen genügen.
• • Die Lagerkonstruktion soll solide, unterhaltungsfreundlich und dauerhaft sein.
• • Die Lagerkonstruktion soll in kurzen Bauzeiten und mit geringen Beeinträchtigungen der Baustelle realisierbar sein.
• • Die Lagerkonstruktion soll ohne großen Aufwand möglichst unter „rollendem Rad” nachjustiert bzw. ausgewechselt werden können.
• • Die Lagerkonstruktion soll einen hohen Vorfertigungsgrad haben, damit diese ggf. als Gesamtsystem für die Instandhaltung vorgehalten werden kann.
• • Die Lagerkonstruktion soll für einfeldrige Bauwerke mit einer Stützweite von bis zu 40 m verwendbar sein.

During the development of the fixed point and guide bearing, the following assumptions were used:

• • The removal of the bearing forces should be constrained.
• • They should be usable for a variety of structures.
• • The storage must meet the economic constraints.
• • The warehouse construction should be solid, easy to maintain and durable.
• • The warehouse construction should be feasible in short construction times and with little damage to the construction site.
• • The bearing design should be readjusted or exchanged as easily as possible under "rolling wheel".
• • The bearing design should have a high degree of prefabrication, so that it may be considered as Entire system for maintenance can be kept.
• • The bearing design should be suitable for single-span structures with a span of up to 40 m.

The invention has for its object to develop a fixed point and guide bearing, which allows to ensure a constraint-free removal of the bearing forces to be used on a variety of structures and which are easily installed, readjusted and expanded under the "rolling wheel" can.

This is inventively achieved in that
in a solid superstructure on the superstructure, an upper anchor plate fastened by means of at least two tie rods or fastening bolts are arranged on the upper anchor plate with a steel superstructure, the upper anchor plate being fastened to a U-shaped pressure plate and radial between the webs of the U-shaped pressure plate embodied as a slide receptacle -Gelenklager are arranged, which are circumferentially supported in the upper region of a mandrel to this, which is fastened and guided with its lower portion in a frusto-conical mandrel receptacle, which is connected to a lower anchor plate, which is integrated via at least two tie rods in the substructure.

The storage system makes it possible to assign the vertical and horizontal bearing forces to different standardized storage systems (classes).

The fixed-point and guide bearing is realized by means of a rust-free, maintenance-free radial spherical plain bearing, a large-scale production part from mechanical engineering. This bearing allows the wobble of the superstructure while transmitting the horizontal forces. The vertical freedom of movement is made possible by a link construction in which the radial spherical plain bearing is installed.

The joint is held by a standing mandrel which in turn emits the forces to the anchor plate by a welded construction. The connection with the anchor plate is made by a mounting weld.

The backdrop construction is welded to a base plate. The connection between the base plate and the anchor plate is also made by a mounting weld.

The mandrel is made of steel or equivalent material. The remaining welding or milling construction and the anchor plates are made of steel (or equivalent material).

The fixed point and guide bearing is to be protected against corrosion. For this the surface has to be prepared.

The seat of the mandrel is to be produced after welding with the specified tolerances.

The fits of the mandrel and the basket are to be made with a thermally sprayed zinc coating. In doing so, compliance with the tolerances must be taken into account.

The surfaces of the assembly weld (side surfaces of the lower clamping plate or the side surfaces of the milling construction) are to be masked from the corrosion protection measures. After assembly welding, corrosion protection must be supplemented on the construction site. In contrast to the rest of the surface, the primer coating is replaced with a zinc dust coating for a long protection period.

The tolerances of the welded parts must be observed in accordance with DIN EN ISO 13920 Table 1 Class A, Table 2 Class A and Table 3 Class E.

The horizontal forces are introduced through the anchoring structure in the concrete. The selected reinforcement allows the loads to be absorbed. The load transfer and discharge into the subsoil is the responsibility of the planning structural engineer.

Assembly with pushed-in / ingested massive superstructure

The power transmission from the superstructure into the bearing structure and from this into the substructure takes place with the aid of anchor plates, which secure the shear transmission with head bolt anchors. The forces from the offset moment are absorbed by tie rods.

The mounting of the fixed point bearing takes place in several steps. When concreting the Auflagerbank a recess for the subsequent casting of the tie rods and the head studs is provided. In the recess in the course of reinforcement work, the tie rods are loosely installed with the intended location. Due to the high reinforcement density in the area of the force application, it is not possible to install the tie rods after the reinforcement work. The recess should be made by means of expanded metal (or similar). The reinforcement is to be completely installed. The anchor plate should also be brought only loosely to the intended location.

After concreting the Auflagerbank the exact height and position of the anchor plate can be determined. The situation results from the measure of the superstructure, which dictates the desired position of the anchor plate. For the encapsulation of the anchor plate with the tie rods, the position can be ensured by the auxiliary structure and made a dimensionally accurate installation. After casting, it must be ensured that the first load can only be applied after hardening of the casting material.

The scenery is welded to the superstructure with the base plate (or finally cast in with the anchor plate). The mandrel is attached to the backdrop with radial spherical plain bearings and retention by the mounting safeguard.

The superstructure is brought to its nominal position.

The detention is welded to the anchor plate. By subsequent welding building tolerances can be compensated.

The assembly welds are to be performed in their order in such a way that damage to the sliding materials is excluded. The welding sequence must also be adjusted so that adjacent components (eg high-strength screwed connections) do not exceed the temperature of 250 ° C. The tie rods are pretensioned after the welding work.

It must be ensured that the locking screws which fix the mandrel in the retaining position are aligned in the longitudinal axis of the building.

After installation, make sure that the locking plates securing the basket for installation in the scenery are removed to ensure freedom of movement of the bearing. All threads and screwed connections intended for mounting or bearing replacement must be permanently closed with suitable measures. The closure must not restrict the reuse and must be able to be removed without residue.

Installation on steel and composite superstructures

For the different superstructures, the assembly differs only for the anchor plates. In the massive superstructure, the anchor plates are embedded in concrete and the tensile forces are introduced from the offset moments by tie rods. For the composite steel superstructure, the anchor plates are welded or bolted to the end cross member.

The load introduction and the load tracking are the responsibility of the planning structural engineer.

Installation with solid superstructure produced in end position

The assembly of the fixed point bearing in locally produced superstructures takes place as an overall construction. When concreting the Auflagerbank the entire retaining structure is einzubetonieren with. The deviation in the spatial position can be absorbed by the subsequently manufactured superstructure. When making the superstructure, make sure that the tie rods, which are anchored in the superstructure, are installed at right angles to the anchor plate. The entire construction is held in position relative to each other by the assembly aids. When the concrete of the superstructure and the abutment have reached sufficient strength, the tie rods are prestressed.

Concept Bearing Change Fixed Point Bearing

Radial spherical plain bearings have a lifespan of 30 years. It follows that a bearing change is necessary in the service life of the considered structures.

In order to replace the retaining structure, the superstructure must be specified. This means that the horizontal forces must be taken over by a temporary secondary construction for the time of the bearing change.

An interpretation of such a construction is not possible due to the multiple uses of the present bearing concept. Therefore, only the replacement of the retaining structure will be explained. To change the storage unit accessibility and health and safety for the staff must be ensured. A scaffolding or any auxiliary structure must be able to accommodate the weight of the implementers and the weight of the storage unit.

After ensuring that the retaining structure is load-free and the horizontal forces are safely dissipated from the superstructure via the secondary structure, the locking plates must be mounted on the gate. They prevent that when removing the upper part of the lower part dissolves. Thereafter, the mounting welds can be solved. The welding on the superstructure and the abutment are separated. The bearing construction is removed.

The flatness of the surfaces must be established. It is important to ensure that the corrosion protection is sufficiently removed to ensure weld quality.

As wear parts are only the radial spherical plain bearings and the sliding layers of To view the backdrop construction. The remaining construction is to be visually inspected. The corrosion protection must be checked and, if necessary, remediated.

The obsolete storage unit is moved. The assembly welds are to be performed in their order in such a way that damage to the sliding materials is excluded. The welding sequence must also be adjusted so that adjacent components (eg high-strength screwed connections) do not exceed the temperature of 250 ° C.

After completion of the welding work, the corrosion protection must be restored. The superstructure can be released.

The surfaces of the assembly welding of the reconditioned bearing unit are to be masked from the corrosion protection measures. After assembly welding, corrosion protection must be supplemented on the construction site. In contrast to the rest of the surface, the primer coating is replaced with a zinc dust coating for a long protection period.

Advantages of the invention:

• • The removal of the bearing forces is largely constraint-free
• • The bearings can be used for a variety of bridges
• • The constructions are solid, easy to maintain and durable
• • The bearings can be installed and replaced as far as possible under the "rolling wheel" with little effort
• • The bearings have a high degree of prefabrication, so that they can be kept as a complete system for maintenance
• • The bearing can be used for single-span structures with a span of up to 40 m
• • it is possible to extend the use of the fixed point and guide bearing also for multi-span bridges

embodiment

The invention will be explained below with reference to an exemplary embodiment.

Showing:

1 - Section through the support bench

2 - Vertical section through a fixed point and guide bearing (section AA)

3 - Vertical section through a fixed point and guide bearing (section (BB)

4 - Horizontal section through a guide bearing (section CC)

5 - detail A

6 - Horizontal section through a fixed point bearing (section CC)

7 - Horizontal section through a fixed point and guide bearing (section DD)

The fixed point and guide bearing is composed of an upper region attached to the superstructure, the mandrel inserted in the middle region and the two radial spherical plain bearings and a lower region attached to the superstructure ( 1 . 2 . 3 . 4 . 5 . 6 . 7 ).

The upper area of the fixed point and guide bearing is made of the superstructure by means of tie rods ( 20 ) and head studs ( 1.5 ) attached upper anchor plate ( 2.1 ) and the welded thereto, one-piece or two-piece running, U-shaped pressure plate (backdrop shot) ( 2.2 ) together.

Between the inner sides of the legs of the U-shaped pressure plate ( 2.2 ) is in the middle region of the fixed point and guide bearing of the mandrel ( 1.6 ) arranged via a radial spherical plain bearing ( 3 ) and two specially designed scenes ( 8th ) as well as in the scenery ( 8th ) in rectangular pockets ( 17 ) embedded in sliding plates ( 5 ) adjoining sliding materials ( 6 ) ( 5 - detail A).

The scenery ( 8th ) has a supernatant in its upper region ( 16 ), which is located around the upper corner of the radial spherical plain bearing ( 3 ) and fixes it. At the lower and upper corner of the Radial Joint Bearing ( 3 ) is between this and the scenery ( 8th ) or the mandrel ( 1.6 ) each have a retaining ring ( 7 ; 9 ) arranged.

The thorn ( 1.6 ) is in a mandrel receptacle ( 10 ), which have an upper and a lower cylindrical area ( 11 ; 12 ) and a frusto-conical intermediate region ( 13 ) having. Between the narrower, upper cylindrical area ( 11 ) and the frusto-conical intermediate region ( 13 ) is a paragraph designed as a footprint ( 14 ) for the mandrel-facing region of the radial spherical plain bearing ( 3 ) serves ( 4 - detail "A").

The tie rods designed as threaded rods ( 20 ) each have two nuts ( 22 ; 24 ), a washer ( 23 ) and a steel plate ( 21 ), which serve for sufficient anchorage in the upper or in the substructure.

At the upper and lower anchor plate ( 1.1 ; 2.1 ) are the tie rods ( 20 ) by means of mother ( 26 ) and washer ( 27 ) attached.

The mandrel holder ( 10 ) can be made in one piece or as a multi-part welded construction. Is the mandrel holder ( 10 ) designed as a multi-part welded construction, it has welded together plates ( 1.2 ; 1.3 ; 1.4 ) on. In both embodiments of the mandrel receptacle ( 10 ) is in each case a horizontally extending locking screw ( 4 ), which is a fixation of the mandrel receptacle ( 10 ) with the lower (cross-sectional widened), frusto-conical shaped area ( 11 ) of the spine ( 1.6 ).

In the edge area of the lower anchor plate ( 1.1 ) At least two adjusting devices are arranged. The adjusting device and mounting device is composed of an L-angle ( 29 ) and an adjusting / fitting screw ( 28 ) together.

To transport the fixed point and guide bearing to the installation various security devices are provided.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1.1

lower anchor plate

1.2

plate

1.3

plate

1.4

plate

1.5

Shear studs

1.6

mandrel

2.1

upper anchor plate

2.2

U-shaped pressure plate (backdrop shot)

3

Radial spherical plain bearings

4

locking screw

5

sliding

6

sliding

7

circlip

8th

scenery

9

circlip

10

pin receptacle

11

upper cylindrical area

12

lower cylindrical area

13

frusto-conical intermediate area

14

footprint

15

thorn-facing footprint

16

Got over

17

rectangular bag

18

cylindrical recess

19

circumferential recess

20

Tie rod as threaded rod

21

steel plate

22

mother

23

washer

24

mother

25

web

26

mother

27

washer

28

screw

29

L-angle

30

screw

Claims (19)

Device for supporting bridge structures, in particular a horizontal force bearing designed as a fixed point and guide bearing, wherein at least one radial spherical plain bearing is arranged between an overhang and a substructure, characterized in that in the case of a massive superstructure on the superstructure an upper anchor plate fastened via at least two tie rods ( 2.1 ) or a steel superstructure on the upper anchor plate ( 2.1 ) Fixing screws are arranged, wherein the upper anchor plate ( 2.1 ) on a U-shaped pressure plate ( 2.2 ) is fixed and between the webs ( 25 ) executed as a backdrop recording U-shaped pressure plate ( 2.2 ) Radial spherical plain bearings ( 3 ) are arranged, which circumferentially in the upper region of a mandrel ( 1.6 ) supported on this, which with its lower portion in a frusto-conical mandrel receptacle ( 10 ) is attached and guided, which with a lower anchor plate ( 1.1 ) connected by at least two tie rods ( 20 ) is integrated into the substructure. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the mandrel ( 1.6 ) has a cylindrical shape. Device according to claims 1 to 2, characterized in that the cylindrical shape of the mandrel ( 1.6 ) is made up of several areas that differ in their different diameters. Device according to Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the cylindrical regions ( 11 ; 12 ) of the spine ( 1.6 ) over a frusto-conical intermediate region ( 13 ) are interconnected. Device according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that between the upper cylindrical region ( 11 ) of the spine ( 1.6 ) and the frusto-conical intermediate region ( 13 ) a footprint ( 14 ) for the support of the radial spherical plain bearings ( 3 ) is arranged. Apparatus according to claim 1 to 5, characterized in that the radial spherical plain bearing ( 3 ) with his thorn-facing footprint ( 15 ) against a backdrop ( 8th ) is supported. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the scenery ( 8th ) on the radial spherical plain bearing ( 3 ) over a supernatant ( 16 ) is supported. Apparatus according to claim 1 to 6, characterized in that the scenery ( 8th ) on its the radial spherical plain bearing ( 3 ) facing away from a rectangular pocket ( 17 ) for receiving a sliding material ( 6 ) having. Device according to claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the rectangular sliding material ( 6 ) on a sliding plate ( 5 ) is present. Apparatus according to claim 1 to 9, characterized in that in each case a sliding plate ( 5 ) on the inside of a bridge ( 25 ) of the U-shaped pressure plate ( 2.2 ) angled over a screw ( 30 ) or another connection is attached. Apparatus according to claim 1 to 10, characterized in that on the lower and the upper anchor plate ( 1.1 ; 2.1 ) several head bolt dowels ( 1.5 ) and anchored in the over- and in the substructure. Device according to claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the tie rods ( 20 ) are designed as a threaded rod and at the upper and lower anchor plate ( 2.1 ; 1.1 ) by a mother ( 26 ) with washer ( 27 ) as well as in the upper or substructure by a steel plate ( 21 ) with two nuts ( 22 ; 24 ) and a washer ( 27 ) are attached. Device according to claims 1 to 12, characterized in that between the mandrel ( 1.6 ) and the radial spherical plain bearing ( 3 ) and between the radial spherical plain bearings ( 3 ) and the scenery ( 8th ) each have a retaining ring ( 7 ; 9 ) are arranged. Apparatus according to claim 1 to 13, characterized in that the mandrel receptacle ( 10 ) is executed shared. Apparatus according to claim 1 to 14, characterized in that the mandrel receptacle ( 10 ) is executed round. Apparatus according to claim 1 to 15, characterized in that the U-shaped pressure plate ( 2.2 ) is designed as a milled part or as a composite component. Apparatus according to claim 1 to 16, characterized in that the mandrel receptacle ( 10 ) is designed as a milled part or as a composite component. Apparatus according to claim 1 to 17, characterized in that the mandrel receptacle ( 10 ) in its cylindrical recess ( 18 ) a circumferential recess ( 19 ) having. Apparatus according to claim 1 to 18, characterized in that in the edge region of the lower anchor plate ( 1.1 ) at least two angle structures for adjusting and mounting of the bearing are arranged, each consisting of a set screw ( 28 ) and an L-angle ( 29 ) put together.

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