DE102010031447A1 - Method for manufacturing fibrous material course, particularly paper, cardboard or tissue course, involves guiding fibrous material course in press arrangement between two endlessly rotating drainage bands - Google Patents

Abstract

The method involves guiding a fibrous material course (F) in a press arrangement (3) between two endlessly rotating drainage bands (7,8), which support fluid, by a press gap (4) carried out in a running direction. The increased pressure is applied in a dry section (10) in the running direction of the fibrous material course, which is limited by a sub area characterizing a handling area (12) opposite to the pressure on the fibrous material course in the remaining area of the dry section. An independent claim is also included for a machine for manufacturing a fibrous material course, particularly paper, cardboard or tissue course.

Description

The invention relates to a method for producing a fibrous web, in particular paper, board or tissue web, in which the fibrous web is guided in a press arrangement between two endlessly circulating, fluid absorbable coverings, in particular dewatering belts through a single press nip and after passing through the press arrangement to a Pass dry line in the direction of passage for the fibrous web forming drying device and is guided by this.

The invention further relates to a machine for producing a fibrous web, in particular paper, board or tissue web, comprising a press assembly having only a single press nip and at least one of the press assembly in the feed direction of the fibrous web downstream, at least one drying section descriptive drying device.

Press assemblies with only a single press nip are also referred to as single press press assemblies. In these, the fibrous web is always guided supported on at least one endless circulating, fluid-absorbable drainage tape, so that the leadership is free from a free train. The transfer to a downstream functional unit is carried out in a so-called transfer area and in execution of this as a drying device usually free of a free train. With regard to the further treatment after passing through a press nip different designs are distinguished. The publication EP 1 072 721 A2 discloses an embodiment of a machine for producing and / or finishing a fibrous web with such a Einspaltpressenanordnung, which is arranged downstream of a drying device for drying the fibrous web, wherein the fibrous web is dried by means of contact drying by guiding over heated drying cylinders. Versions with integrated impingement drying, for example, guidance via Durchströmungstrocknungse in directions in the form of air flow drying devices are in the publications DE 10 2004 056 320 A1 such as DE 10 2004 039 785 A1 described. To improve the surface quality of the fibrous web, in particular reduction of roughness, is from the EP 1 647 628 A1 a version is known in which an offset press for smoothing the fibrous web is provided between the drying device and the press arrangement.

The advantage of such arrangements is a relatively simple construction and a short construction. However, it has proved to be disadvantageous that the internal or internal strength of the fibrous web in the Z direction, ie. H. Height direction, which is characterized as a split strength by the so-called Scott Bond value, compared to other press concepts depending on the composition and type of paper is not or more or less reduced. In this case, the internal strength describes according to TAPPT T 569 the strength of the fibrous web in the thickness or Z direction and characterizes the magnitude of the maximum load which the fibrous web can withstand over a force applied at right angles to the surface of this force. This internal strength of the fibrous web is in view of the required properties of the fibrous web with desired further processing and / or further treatment in some cases of considerable importance. Low internal strength can lead to the formation of irregularities, marks, crevices or bubbles in the further processing of the fibrous web.

The invention is therefore based on the object, a method and a machine for producing a fibrous web with a Einspaltpressenanordnung further such that the disadvantages mentioned are avoided and increases the strength of the fibrous web, in particular the internal strength of the fibrous web, and the surface quality of the fibrous web at high specific volume is improved. The solution according to the invention should be characterized by a low design and manufacturing effort, and also does not significantly affect the required length of the machine.

The solution according to the invention is characterized by the features of claims 1, 6 and 7. Advantageous embodiments are described in each case in the subclaims.

An inventive method for producing a fibrous web, in particular paper, board or tissue web, in which the fibrous web is guided in a press arrangement between two endlessly circulating, fluid-absorbable coverings, in particular dewatering belts through only a single extended in the direction of passage press nip and after passing through the press arrangement is transferred to a drying section in the direction of passage for the fibrous web forming drying device and is guided by this is characterized in that within the drying section in the direction of passage of the fibrous web localized over at least one, a treatment area characterizing portion relative to the pressure on the fibrous web in the remaining area of Drying increased pressure is applied and that in the direction of passage of the fibrous web the treatment area is arranged downstream of at least one smoothing area by the Fas erstoffbahn a smoothing pressure is applied, wherein while the fibrous web is smoothed at least on one side.

The invention is particularly advantageous for the production of kraftliner, especially for light weight kraftliner, with a surface mass of 60 g / m ² to 140 g / m ² applicable. Kraftliner is used as wrapping paper. High strength and good surface properties are required. Kraftliner is usually made from the two layers of blanket and back. The blanket is made of high quality unbleached short and long fiber pulps. The back is made of up to 40% of the total basis weight, made from waste paper fibers. Usually, the supine consists of a mixture of waste paper fibers and unbleached short and long fiber pulps.

In a practical embodiment, the use of more than 40%, in particular more than 50%, advantageously more than 70% recovered paper fibers (recycled fibers), based on the mass of the backing layer, in the backsheet is possible and advantageous. Thus, the proportion of waste paper fibers can be up to 100%.

Waste paper fibers are in standardized classes ( DIN EN 643: 2001 ) assigned. In the supine position, waste paper fibers from classes B12 (group 1.02), B19 (group 1.04), W41 (group 4.01) and W52 (group 4.03) are used in a practical embodiment of the invention. In an advantageous variant, the blanket consists of 100% unbleached short and long fiber pulps and the back of 50% recycled paper fibers and 50% unbleached short and long fiber pulps. The supine position may suitably alternatively consist of 100% waste paper fibers.

The pulp suspension from which Kraftliner is made, due to economic considerations, includes inexpensive raw materials. However, these impair the quality of the fibrous web produced. The solution according to the invention makes it possible to produce a fibrous web with good quality and cost-effective use of raw materials.

For kraftliners, the quality features of SCT CD index follow the measuring method DIN 54518 , the burst index after the measurement method DIN EN ISO 2759 , the RCT CD index after the measurement method DIN 53134, 1990-02 and Roughness to Bendtsen after the measurement method ISO 5627 really important.

The solution according to the invention makes it possible to produce kraftliner with an SCT CD index of more than 20 Nm / g, in particular more than 23 Nm / g, advantageously of more than 25 Nm / g. Similarly, a burst index of greater than 3.5 kPam ² / g, more preferably greater than 4.0 kPam ² / g and advantageously greater than 4.5 kPam ² / g can be achieved. With regard to the RCT CD index, values of greater than 12 Nm / g, in particular greater than 14 Nm / g and advantageously greater than 15 Nm / g can be achieved. By virtue of the solution according to the invention, good smoothness values or roughness values can be achieved despite the poor quality of the raw materials. The achievable roughness value is less than 2200 ml / min, preferably less than 2000 ml / min, in particular less than 1800 ml / min and advantageously less than 1500 ml / min. According to the method and the device according to the invention, these quality parameters can be achieved individually, as well as the values of several parameters in combination, for example, by dewatering the fibrous web correspondingly between the press arrangement and the device which describes a treatment area arranged inside the drying section. is split. Accordingly, the positive influence on the roughness of the fibrous web, in particular of the kraftliner, for example, by the targeted division of the smoothing between the arranged within the drying section, a treatment area descriptive device and the downstream smoothing device can be effected.

According to the invention, the production process of the fibrous web is modified such that after the single-gap press arrangement in the downstream drying device, a first process step is added, which increases the strength and in particular the internal strength of the fibrous web. It has been found that by applying pressure over a portion of the entire drying section, that is, a longer distance in the direction of travel of the fibrous web considered on this, the strength of the fibrous web can be significantly increased. This first process step is preferably arranged in the dry content range of the fibrous web between 50% and 85%, preferably between 55% and 85%. The introduction of the pressure can be done in a relatively simple manner and integrated into the already provided guidance of the fibrous web.

A treatment region is understood to be the region in which apart from the drying parameters usually provided in a drying device, further parameters influencing the properties of the fibrous web act on the fibrous web.

Thus, at least one side of the fibrous web in the treatment area can already be pre-smoothed.

According to a further aspect of the invention, a second process step was inserted after the treatment section with a smoothing area. By this downstream Smättbereich a Nachglätten one or both sides of the fibrous web is possible without the application of a high smoothing pressure. As a result, the specific volume of the fibrous web which is important for the mechanical properties of the fibrous web, such as the bending stiffness, is substantially preserved. It is thereby achieved a sufficient smoothing of the fibrous web without compressing too much. A significant loss of thickness does not occur.

Gentle smoothing after the treatment zone reduces the risk of surface deterioration, such as mottling.

The smoothing area can be arranged within the drying section or subsequently to the drying section.

The effective pressure in the treatment area on the fibrous web is preferably set in a range of 0.04 MPa to 0.5 MPa, preferably 0.05 MPa to 0.5 MPa, particularly preferably 0.2 MPa to 0.3 MPa. These heights of the pressures allow a corresponding increase in the strength of the fibrous web in the Z direction, in particular at least in the range of 20% to 80%.

Since it is in the localized pressurization in the direction of passage of the fibrous web usually at least a two-dimensional loading, d. H. Over a surface area, which is characterized by an extension in the machine direction and cross machine direction is, depending on the machine speed, the exposure time can be influenced on the fibrous web. The gap geometry formed in the treatment area influences the surface topography of the fibrous web accordingly.

The treatment area can preferably be continuous or interrupted in the fibrous web passage direction. The first possibility offers the advantage of the formation of continuous pressure profiles over the extent of the treatment area in the direction of passage of the fibrous web, and thus a gradual increase in strength. In the second case, a plurality of individual partial treatment areas are provided, which are connected in series one after the other.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment, depending on the properties to be achieved on the fibrous web surface, the pressure in the treatment area and / or in the smoothing area in the direction of passage of the fibrous web and / or transversely to the passage direction can be set variably. This possibility offers the advantage of locally specifically adjustable, in particular adjustable, increases in strength and surface properties. The adjustability of the smoothing pressure in the smoothing region transversely to the machine direction allows profiling to achieve a desired smoothness transverse profile.

In an advantageous sub-variant, the pressure and / or the smoothing pressure or the pressure profile or the smoothing pressure profile can be kept constant transversely to the passage direction of the fibrous web in the treatment area and / or in the smoothing area in the direction of passage of the fibrous web. Due to the extended formation of the treatment area in the direction of passage and the residence time determined by the passage speed, an irreversible and preferably uniform action on the surface of the fibrous web takes place, whereby a smoothing of this is achieved.

The variable adjustment of pressure profiles in the machine direction and / or cross-machine direction advantageously allows the targeted setting of property profiles or an adjustment of a constant property curve in the machine direction and / or cross-machine direction. In this case, the pressure profile and / or smoothing pressure profile can be controlled or adjusted. The variable adjustability of the pressure and / or smoothing pressure in the machine direction and / or cross machine direction can also be used as a control function in a control / regulation of at least one property of the fibrous web.

In an advantageous embodiment, the treatment area is characterized by an inlet and an outlet area with regard to the pressure to be applied in the machine direction. The pressure is thereby increased from an initial value, preferably 0 MPa and lowered again in the direction of the outlet in the machine direction. The lowering is preferably continuous, d. H. free of increments. The increase or decrease in the pressure or the pressure changes in the direction of passage of the fibrous web viewed between inlet and outlet preferably take place continuously.

The setting of a constant pressure curve in the machine direction and / or cross machine direction offers the advantage of setting a property profile.

The effect of the pressure and / or smoothing pressure on the fibrous web takes place either directly on the fibrous web surface or indirectly via further, the pressure-transmitting components, in particular a fibrous web supporting clothing. The former case offers the advantage that here preferably the pressure is exerted directly against the fibrous web by means of at least one smooth surface and, at the same time, a smoothness effect is achieved depending on the configuration of the surface. According to the second embodiment, the pressure can be arbitrarily applied to a fibrous web leading and supporting clothing or movable contact surface, wherein the fibrous web is not affected in their leadership.

The pressure and / or smoothing pressure is applied in the simplest case via a contact surface against a mating surface. The pressure which can be applied via the contact surface can be adjusted as a function of the geometry of the contact surface, arrangement and actuating force. The contact surface and the mating surface are arranged opposite one another in such a way that they form a treatment region which is elongated in the direction of passage of the fibrous web. Contact surface and counter surface are preferably movable and can be moved synchronously or at a differential speed to each other.

In an advantageous embodiment, the pressure and / or smoothing pressure is exerted only by means of at least one movable contact surface against the fibrous web, preferably between the movable surface and the fibrous web and / or the fibrous web supporting fabric or surface of this component leading there is no speed difference. In this case, the pressure and / or smoothing pressure is set directly as a function of the machine speed over a predefined residence time.

Speeds with speed difference offer the advantage of increasing the smoothness effect.

Depending on the design of the device used to apply the pressure and / or smoothing pressure this can be applied on one side of a fibrous web side, so that only one of the fibrous web sides - top or bottom - is affected, while other designs are suitable to act simultaneously on both sides of the fibrous web , The first variant is used in particular for designs which require different fibrous web properties on both sides. The second variant offers the advantage that the same properties can be achieved on both sides of the fibrous web. In order to achieve this effect with a one-sided acting device, in a particularly advantageous embodiment, another such device on the other fibrous web surface is effective. The devices are then connected in series in the direction of passage of the fibrous web. In this case, very high increases in strength are achieved, with higher moisture content of the fibrous web increased strength is observed than at lower humidity. In addition to an increase in strength, an additional increase in the evaporation rate is achieved. Be in single tier. Dry assemblies normally 30 kg to 50 kg of water evaporated per m ² drying cylinder and hour, the arrangement of the invention allows the evaporation of 100 kg to 200 kg of water / m ² h.

The treatment area extends in the direction of passage, in particular in the machine direction over a range ≥1 m, preferably ≥3 m, more preferably ≥5 m, most preferably ≥10 m, more preferably ≥20 m. The upper limit can be described as a function of the arrangement of the inlet into the treatment area and the remaining length of the drying section thereof.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment, depending on the web guide and the execution of the pressing surfaces at least by a flat or curved portion characterized treatment areas or smoothing area.

In one embodiment, belt presses are used, which are characterized in that the pressure on the fibrous web is applied over a belt. Such belt press arrangements can be integrated in a particularly advantageous embodiment in combination with a heatable cylinder in the drying device, since these additionally contribute to increasing the drying effect.

In a further development, it is provided that the fibrous web is guided through at least one double press arrangement which forms an extended press nip which describes itself in the longitudinal and transverse treatment region, and a surface pressure is exerted on the fibrous web on both sides of the treatment area via smooth press belts. By adjusting the velocities of the individual strips and the pressures, the properties, in particular the surface properties of the fibrous web, can be selectively influenced on both sides.

The embodiments with such extended, extending in the direction of execution of the fibrous web treatment gap offer the advantage of a considerable time compared to conventional manufacturing process prolonged pressurization and thus compression on at least the exposed side of the fibrous web. Due to the gap geometry generated thereby, in particular its length in the direction of passage and height perpendicular thereto, the surface topography of the fibrous web is influenced such that it has a low roughness. Through the long, through the Length of the gap and the speed of passage through this particular residence time is an irreversible and uniform action on the surface. The smoothing of the surface can be achieved purely mechanically by pressure or in combination with the targeted adjustment of other physical factors, in particular temperature increases.

Depending on the design of the individual double-belt press arrangement as an isobaric or isochoric press arrangement, the resulting surface pressure of the flat pressures exerted on both sides of the fibrous web via the smooth press belts can be kept constant in the passage direction or else the volume guided through the press nip within the entire treatment area.

In the case of isobaric double belt press arrangements, the resulting surface pressure of the flat pressures exerted on both sides of the fibrous web within the treatment area is preferably set by controlling at least the surface pressure on one fibrous web side, while the other pressure applied to the opposite side is limited to a fixed value or also freely adjustable. In the first case, the control engineering effort can be significantly minimized and the adjustment can be made directly on the press belt. In the second case, the adjustment can be made considerably more sensitive.

In an embodiment with an isochronous double-belt press arrangement, the distance of the two press belts describing the height of the press nip is kept constant over the extent of the treatment zone. The surface pressures are adjusted depending on the surface conditions on the fibrous web to maintain the distance and are therefore variably adjustable. In particular, the pressure distribution in the longitudinal direction of the press nip and in the transverse direction is preferably freely adjustable.

By means of a defined distribution of temperature and pressure within the treatment area and / or smoothing area, the desired surface properties, in particular smoothness and roughness, can be set in a targeted manner. By means of targeted matching, the effect of pressure can be increased by influencing the condition of the surface areas.

In terms of apparatus, at least one device describing a treatment area for applying a pressure to the fibrous web is arranged within the drying section for this purpose. In this case, the individual treatment area is formed by at least one contact surface and an opposing surface or, when the contact pressure is active, also by the counter surface being formed as a contact surface of two contact surfaces acting on both sides of the fibrous web. In the simplest case, the individual contact surfaces are formed by endlessly circulating belts, in particular press belts. These allow any adjustment to different mating surfaces and are thus integrated in a space-saving manner in the drying device.

In an advantageous embodiment, at least one individual contact surface and / or counter surface can be heated to increase the smoothness.

In a particularly advantageous further development, the individual device for at least indirect application of a pressure and / or smoothing pressure is formed by a drying device, comprising at least one drying cylinder, which is covered over at least one of its outer circumference by a pressure hood that exerts a pressure against the drying cylinder and at the fibrous web together with at least one, a contact surface forming endless circulating belt in the form of a gas- and liquid-impermeable clothing and a Trockensiebband between the drying cylinder and the pressure hood can be passed. Such devices are characterized by a high functional concentration.

In a further embodiment, the individual device for at least indirect application of a pressure comprises at least one double belt press arrangement with two press elements each having a press belt, which form an extended press nip which describes a treatment region in the direction of passage of the fiber web. The double belt press can be designed as an isobaric or isochronous double belt press.

Advantageously, a plurality of unilaterally acting on the fibrous web means for applying a pressure to the fibrous web are provided, which are connected in series in the direction of passage of the fibrous web along the drying section, wherein the individual devices are arranged and designed such that they are effective on different fibrous web pages to ensure the same properties on both sides.

The drying device may comprise at least one contact drying device for contact drying, in particular one or a plurality of heatable drying cylinders and / or an impingement drying device.

In a further embodiment, the drying device can be formed by a plurality of drying devices in the form of so-called belt press drying devices, comprising at least one drying cylinder, which is covered over part of its outer periphery by at least one pressure cap exerting a contact pressure against the drying cylinder and where the fibrous web is composed with at least one, a contact surface forming endless circulating belt in the form of a gas- and liquid-impermeable clothing and a dryer fabric belt between the drying cylinder and the pressure hood can be passed. The device for applying the increased pressure can be formed by at least one such drying device, wherein at this the pressure on the fibrous web is increased compared to the other drying devices and in which optionally the temperature of the drying cylinder can differ from those of the other drying cylinder. This design offers the advantage of installing increased drying rates on short lengths.

It is also conceivable execution of at least one such belt press with unheated cylinder.

According to an alternative approach, the increase in strength and in particular the internal strength of the fibrous web can be achieved by adding glue into the pulp suspension or the pulp suspension to be supplied to the headbox. According to a further alternative, at least one device for applying a pasty medium, in particular glue, may be provided downstream of the single-gap press arrangement within the machine for producing a fibrous web.

In a practical embodiment, Kraftliner is produced by the method according to the invention, wherein this with the top layer and backsheet has an at least two-layer structure. Several layers are also possible according to the inventive solution. In a multi-layered structure is located between the ceiling and the supine an insert. The kraftliner is thus made from at least two different pulp suspensions. The first layer consists at least of a fabric of unbleached short fibers and long fibers and represents the high-quality, decisive for the strength situation, the so-called cover layer. The supine position consists for example of two types of material - a high quality variety of unbleached short fibers and long fibers, and a second Variety consisting of waste paper, such as cardboard from a recycling process.

In a further advantageous variant of the solution according to the invention, the raw materials for producing a fibrous web, in particular kraftliner, are first ground before the raw materials in the form of a pulp suspension are fed to the constant part and the paper machine. The grinding is carried out in at least one milling stage at a higher consistency of at least one pulp suspension of the two layers, preferably the higher-grade pulp suspension for the production of the ceiling layer. This contains unbleached short fibers and long fibers. The consistency of this suspension is advantageously adjusted to a consistency range between 4.5% and 8% (mass of the solid based on the volume of the suspension), preferably between 4.8% and 8%. The advantage lies in a higher achievable strength of the produced fibrous web and in a lower fines content than in the grinding at a lower consistency. In addition, less grinding energy is needed compared to conventional grinding.

In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the forming unit of the paper machine for the back and the top layer each have a wire, at least one headbox is equipped with Verdünnungswassertechnik. This has the advantage that the thickness profile in the cross machine direction can be better adjusted. This allows a better smoothing result in the smoother and avoids surface defects, such as mottling.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the former unit is selected so that the individual layers are still zusammengegautscht even in a relatively wet state, that is at a dry content of less than 9%, preferably less than 8%. This arrangement has the advantage that less expensive sieve suction and thus less energy for the production of the fibrous web are needed. In addition, the layer strength is increased, which is an important quality feature, especially in Kraftliner.

In a practical embodiment of the invention, the forming unit is fed from at least one multilayer headbox with a pulp suspension. The multi-layer casserole leads in the individual layers at least two different pulp suspensions, which are first brought together in the drainage area of the former and connected during drainage. This solution is achieved by the simple structure of the forming unit cost-effective a good layer strength.

In a further embodiment option, this includes the treatment area downstream smoothing a smoothing device which comprises a fibrous web on a first side directly contacting, designed as a surface of a heated roller counter surface.

It is also possible that the smoothing device comprises a, the fibrous web on a second side directly touching, designed as a surface of a metal strip or plastic belt contact surface. This allows a smooth smoothing without high loss of specific volume.

A further advantageous solution is when the smoothing device comprises a, the fibrous web on a second side directly touching, designed as a surface of a roller contact surface.

Furthermore, it is advantageous if the smoothing device has one or two rollers which directly touch the fibrous web on a first and / or second side and at least one roller comprises a two-layered jacket, wherein the first, inner jacket layer is deformable and in particular made of a plastic or Polymer is composed and the second, outer cladding layer consists of a metal and is formed such that upon application of the smoothing pressure in the smoothing region an elastic deformation of the shell is formed. As a result, an interference of the roll surface is made possible on the surface of the fibrous web transversely to the machine direction and thus achieved a better smoothing result.

In a practical embodiment, the outer cladding layer consists of a metallic layer whose thickness is less than 1 mm, preferably less than 0.5 mm. Preferably, the layer is applied by a thermal spraying process.

Furthermore, it is possible that the smoothing device consists of a soft-nip calender, wherein at least one roller has a plastic cover.

The solution according to the invention is explained below with reference to figures. It details the following:

1 illustrates in a schematic simplified representation of the basic arrangement and integration of a device for exerting a pressure on the fibrous web within a drying device;

2 illustrates a first advantageous embodiment with a trained as a drying device, one-sided effective on the fibrous web means for applying a pressure;

3 illustrates a particularly advantageous development according to an embodiment of 2 another second means for applying a pressure acting on the other fibrous web surface;

4 illustrates a particularly advantageous further third embodiment with execution of the device for applying a pressure as a double belt press arrangement.

FIG. 1 shows a variant for treating the raw materials for producing a fibrous web before the raw materials in the form of a pulp suspension are fed to the constant part and to the paper machine.

6 shows the paper machine immediately upstream constant part

7 shows a first advantageous embodiment of a paper machine

8th shows a second advantageous embodiment of a paper machine

9 shows a third advantageous embodiment of a paper machine

The 1 illustrates in schematic simplified representation of the basic principle and the basic structure of an inventively executed machine 1 for the production of material webs, in particular fibrous webs F in the form of paper, board or tissue webs. An example of this is a section of the machine 1 reproduced in a schematic simplified representation, wherein a coordinate system is created to illustrate the individual directions. The X-direction illustrates the longitudinal direction of the machine and is therefore referred to as machine direction MD, which is the basic guiding direction of the fibrous web F through the machine 1 equivalent. The Y-direction corresponds to the width direction, that is, the direction transverse to the machine direction MD, which is therefore also referred to as the cross-machine direction CD, while the Z-direction represents the height direction.

In the machine 1 the formation of the fibrous web F takes place essentially in a forming unit not shown here in detail 2 from which the fibrous web F in a, this in the machine direction MD downstream press assembly 3 is transferred. The press arrangement 3 is inventively designed as so-called Einspaltpressenanordnung. This includes within the entire press arrangement 3 only a single single press nip 4 , which of two press rolls 5 and 6 is formed. The press nip 4 is considered in machine direction MD and thus in Passage direction of the fibrous web F through this preferably designed as an extended press nip. The press arrangement 3 immediately downstream is a drying device 9 , which can be designed in various ways. The leadership of the fibrous web F takes place within the drying device 9 along a so-called dry stretch 10 , Within the drying section 10 is according to the invention in the direction of passage of the fibrous web F localized over at least one, a treatment area 12 characterizing portion of this one against the pressure on the fibrous web F in the remaining area of the drying section 10 applied increased pressure. This is a device 11 for at least indirectly applying a pressure to the fibrous web F, ie directly or indirectly over the fibrous web F leading clothing or facilities within the drying section 10 arranged. The arrangement of the device 11 takes place within the drying section 10 that is after the entry into this and before the outlet from this. The pressure which locally over at least a portion of the drying section 10 is applied, wherein the application of the pressure can be done on one or both sides, causes an increase in the internal strength of the fibrous web F. The device 11 for the at least indirect application of a pressure defines a surface area formed in the machine direction MD and cross-machine direction CD at least one continuous or from a plurality of surface areas, which the treatment area 12 describes. The at least indirect application of a pressure can take place on the upper and / or lower side FO, FU of the fibrous web F. The temporal effect of the pressure is a function of the size of the treatment area 12 , in particular the extent in the machine direction MD and the speed of movement of the fibrous web F by this writable. The treatment area 12 can be described by at least one flat or curved surface. This preferably extends over the entire fibrous web F in the cross machine direction CD while passing through the drying device 9 ,

The device 11 for the at least indirect application of a pressure comprises in the simplest case, a contact surface AF and a counter surface GF.

The treatment area 12 is for example characterized by a length ≥1 m, preferably ≥3 m, more preferably ≥5 m, most preferably ≥10 m.

The smoothing device 100 is downstream of the drying section in this example. However, according to the invention, the arrangement of the smoothing device 100 also within the drying line 10 possible.

The 2 exemplifies with reference to a section of the machine 1 a first embodiment of an inventive arrangement and embodiment of a device 11 for at least indirectly applying a pressure within that of the drying device 9 formed dry section 10 , Under dry stretch 10 In this case, the web guide path of the fibrous web F is understood. In this section is the downstream smoothing device 100 Not shown. In this regard, reference is made to the following figure.

Visible here is the end of the forming unit 2 , wherein the fibrous web F of a dewatering belt 13 , In particular a screen belt as donating fabric to the press assembly 3 in a transfer area 14 to a covering of the press arrangement 3 is handed over. This is within the forming unit 8th the fibrous web F is dewatered to a dry content TG of at least 16% for predominantly wood-containing substances and at least 18% for predominantly wood-free substances. In order to be able to ensure this, the fibrous web F is here, for example, together with the dewatering belt 13 , in particular sieve belt and a fluid-receptive press felt 15 by one, by a suctionable roller 16 and a press roll 17 formed so-called pre-press nip 18 guided. In this case, the fluid to be removed, in particular water, through the dewatering belt 13 over the suctionable roller 16 aspirated. On the opposite side of the emerging from the fibrous web F fluid from the press felt 15 taken and transported away with this. The transfer to the press arrangement 3 takes place free from a free draft from the dewatering belt 13 , in particular a wire belt to one, the fibrous web F within the press assembly 2 leading fabric. Inside the press arrangement 3 becomes the fibrous web F between two endless circulating and fluid absorbable drainage tapes 7 and 8th through the press nip 4 guided. At the drainage tapes 7 and 8th are preferably press felts. Here is an example of the drainage tape 7 executed in the form of the top felt as ab- or acquiring covering and arranged such that this supported on a suction device, in particular suction roll 19 in the guide area of the dewatering belt 13 dips and the fibrous web F due to the over the suction roll 19 applied negative pressure takes over. The fibrous web F is then supported on the dewatering belt 7 continued and from the second dewatering belt 8th sandwiched with this by the press nip 4 the press arrangement 3 guided. The individual press rolls 5 and 6 the press arrangement 3 can be designed differently. These can be designed and dimensioned such that they form only a simple press nip or, preferably, a press nip extended in the machine direction MD 3 , This is the press roller 5 designed as a shoe press roll comprising a rotatable flexible roll shell 20 with an effective on the inner circumference, one acting opposite to the counter-roller press roll 6 concave contact surface 21 having pressing unit 22 in the form of a press shoe.

After passing through the press nip 4 the separation of the two drainage belts takes place 7 . 8th from each other and the return of these, wherein the fibrous web F with one of the two dewatering belts 7 or 8th , here exemplary 8th , in the form of the underfelt over a portion of its circulation path to the transfer area 23 to a downstream drying device 9 is continued. The decrease also takes place via a suctionable roller, here the suctionable roller 25 from the transferring covering in the form of the drainage tape 8th to acquiring clothing in the form of a transfer belt or Trockensiebbandes, here the band 26 , The fibrous web F is supported thereon along the surface of a first drying cylinder TZ1 and further therefrom free from support by the band 26 guided and then supported by a Trockensiebband 27 removed from the surface of the drying cylinder TZ1 and the deflection roller 24.1 and by the drying device 9 guided.

The drying device 9 can be performed in various ways. The drying device 9 comprises at least one contact drying device and / or an impingement drying device. In the case shown, the drying device 9 by way of example as a single-row drying cylinder arrangement, comprising at least one, preferably a plurality of drying cylinders TZ1 to TZn, along the surface of which the fibrous web F is guided in contact over a partial area on the outer circumference. The guide between two adjacent in the direction of passage drying cylinders TZn-1 and TZn with n = 1 - ∞ takes place between these in the vertical and horizontal direction offset to these arranged pulleys 24.1 to 24.n , The pulleys 24.1 to 24.n can be formed as grooved and / or besaugbare rollers, especially inside or outside besaugbare rollers.

As already stated, the drying device 9 be formed differently, wherein the fibrous web F via one or more, the dry content of the fibrous web F influencing functional units is performed. The drying device 9 may include one or more viewed in the direction of passage of the fibrous web F one behind the other connected devices for direct or indirect drying. As already mentioned, these can be contact drying devices and / or impingement drying devices.

Inside the drying device 9 here is a facility 11 provided for at least indirectly applying a pressure to the fibrous web F. This is integrated into the guide path of the fibrous web F. For this purpose, the fibrous web F is exemplified in the 2 led out of the predetermined by the arrangement of the drying cylinder TZ1 to TZn meandering guide path and the device 11 fed. The device 11 can also be integrated in the machine direction MD within the drying cylinder arrangement, ie in the axial direction in the longitudinal direction, but this leads to an increase in the extension of the machine 1 leads in this direction. Therefore, according to a particularly advantageous embodiment, the arrangement of the device 11 in the vertical direction offset to the drying cylinders TZ1 to TZn. The device 11 is in the case illustrated as a belt press 28 executed. The treatment area formed by this 12 is curved and writable by an envelope. The fibrous web F is on a curved, movable, in the illustrated case rotatable surface 29 as a counter surface GF supported on the dryer wire belt 27 guided and at the of the surface 29 weggerichtet side of the fibrous web F acts another curved surface 30 in the function as a contact surface AF. The overlap area of surface 29 and surface 30 forms the treatment area 12 , In the case shown, to apply the pressure within the dryer 9 in a particularly advantageous embodiment with functional concentration, a drying device 31 used, which in addition to drying the function of the device 11 takes over. This includes a heated drying cylinder 32 that is part of its outer circumference 33 by at least one, a contact pressure against the drying cylinder 32 performing pressure hood 36 is covered and in which the fibrous web F together with at least one endlessly circulating Trockensiebband, here the Trockensiebband 27 and an opaque covering acting as a press belt 35 which is impermeable to gas and liquids in particular, between the drying cylinder 32 and the pressure hood 36 can be passed. Here is the acting as a press belt covering 35 preferably designed as a metal band, in particular steel band. The surface acting as counter surface GF 29 gets off the surface of the drying cylinder 32 educated. The contact surface 30 is from the itself on the pressure hood 36 supporting clothing 35 formed that this wraps around. The drying wire belt 27 and the clothing 35 in each case form a loop, wherein the two endless loops are arranged one inside the other and each guided over at least guide rollers and guide rollers, wherein at least one of the bands 35 and 27 , preferably both, are drivable at least indirectly and preferably at the same speed. Also conceivable is a differential speed, which allows an additional smoothness effect. In the case shown, in addition, a further Trockensiebband 34 between drying wire belt 27 and the belt acting as a press belt 35 , Be provided in particular metal band. The dry sieve belts 27 and 34 and the clothing 35 are guided over a part of their circulation path contacting each other. This contact area forms a wrapping area on the drying cylinder 32 , in particular on the outer circumference 33 of the drying cylinder 32 and preferably also extends beyond a part beyond. The separation can be directly in the drying cylinder 32 or subordinate to this. On the inside of the fabric 35 is the pressure hood 36 effective. The drying wire belt 27 supports on its outside 27A , which corresponds to the fibrous web F contacting surface, the fibrous web F in the leadership in the drying cylinder 32 from. The drying cylinder 32 is preferably heated. The selected temperatures are for example 90 ° C to 200 ° C, preferably 140 ° C to 200 ° C.

The illustrated embodiment of a belt press 28 is exemplary. Also conceivable are other designs. With respect to the structure of such a device, for example WO 2005/100682 A1 directed. Not necessarily required is the version with heated contact surfaces or counter surfaces.

By the pressure in the treatment area 12 the strength of the fibrous web F can be increased. The 2 illustrates exemplified an embodiment with one-sided treatment of the fibrous web F by the compressive force is applied to the fibrous web underside FU, while the fibrous web top side FO on the surface of the drying cylinder 32 is guided. In order to achieve a uniform increase in strength at both fibrous web sides FO and FU according to a particularly advantageous embodiment, according to a second variant in the 3 at least a second device 11.2 provided, which is arranged and designed such that this pressure on the other with the first device 11 according to 2 not handling side, here exercises the fibrous web top FO. The basic structure of the device 11 and 11.2 corresponds to the facility 11 in 2 why the same reference numbers are used for the same elements.

The 2 and 3 illustrate particularly advantageous embodiments, which are also characterized by a space-saving arrangement, especially when the facilities 11 . 11.2 in the vertical direction with offset to the already existing drying section 10 are arranged and the fibrous web F led out only from the usual drying cylinder assembly and introduced into this again. As a result, the extension in MD machine direction compared to conventional drying devices 10 are kept short or virtually unchanged and the space available in the vertical direction anyway be used effectively. The guide over a curved path allows the generation of the pressure partly already on the tension of the dryer fabric 27 even.

A third embodiment is by the formation of a planar treatment zone 12 characterized. In this example, the pressure on a double belt press 37 applied, which acts on both sides of the fibrous web F and generates a pressure on this. The basic structure of the press arrangement 3 corresponds to that in the 2 and 3 Therefore, the same reference numerals are used for the same elements and reference is made to the description thereof. The device 11 For at least indirect application of a pressure to the fibrous web F according to the invention comprises at least one press arrangement in the form of a so-called double belt press arrangement 37 , This works continuously and forms an extended in the direction of passage for the fibrous web F press nip 38 which is a treatment area 12 describes. Within the treatment area 12 , which extends in the direction of passage of the fibrous web F and transverse to this, the surface pressure and preferably additionally the temperature for acting on the fibrous web F is set. The treatment area 12 is in each case by a, a contact surface AF forming area effective range 39.1 and 39.2 the individual pressing elements 40.1 and 40.2 the double belt press arrangement 37 characterized. Every single pressing element 40.1 . 41.2 includes a so-called press belt 41.1 and 41.2 , which is formed as an endless circulating belt and is guided over at least two guide rollers, which are referred to as drums. In the direction of execution at the inlet into the press nip 38 arranged and the press belts 41.1 . 41.2 supporting or leading rollers are also referred to as inlet reel, while the other in the direction of passage through the double belt press arrangement 37 These downstream, arranged at the outlet rollers form the outlet drums, which are preferably designed to be driven. Within the of the two pressable effective ranges 39.1 . 39.2 the endless revolving press belts 41.1 . 41.2 between the inlet and the outlet formed extended press nip 38 , the fibrous web is subjected to at least one pressure over a predefined area, preferably the entire area. This over the press belts 41.1 . 41.2 on the fibrous web F respectively acting surface pressure p1 and p2 is a function of the formation of the double belt press arrangement 37 as an isobaric press system constant over the treatment area 12 or variably adjustable for execution as isochores press system.

The 2 to 4 illustrate example advantageous variants, the execution is not limited to this. It is crucial that the arrangement within the drying section 10 takes place, especially in a range of even high humidity and preferably the device 11 upon reaching the example of a dry content of 16% in predominantly wood-containing and at least 18% in predominantly wood-free materials on the fibrous web surface FU and / or FO acts. The individual facilities 11 In this case, they can be used in combination with each other, whereby guidance over curved or straight sections of dry material is possible here for the individual fibrous web surfaces FU, FO. Also conceivable is an arrangement of several such devices in the direction of passage of the fibrous web F successively. In all versions is doing while passing through the drying device 10 the fibrous web F at least on one side locally and temporally limited with an increased pressure compared to the otherwise on this within the drying section 10 acting pressure applied. This pressure is in the range of 0.04 MPa to 0.5 MPa, preferably 0.05 MPa to 0.5 MPa, more preferably 0.2 MPa to 0.3 MPa and can be applied in various ways. It is conceivable, preferably to let the pressure act evenly over the entire pressure surface to be formed or, according to a particularly advantageous embodiment, locally and temporally variable. This local and temporal variability is achieved by adjusting the MD machine pressure and / or across it in the CD cross direction. Depending on the design, the pressure can vary from one another, in particular in the edge regions of the fibrous web F as well as in the middle region. The pressure setting can be done once fixed with a defined pressure or a predefined pressure profile or, according to a particularly advantageous embodiment in adaptation to desired to be achieved pulp web properties variably controlled, preferably adjusted.

The reordering of the drying device 9 takes place free from an interposition of other functional components, ie immediately. The drying device 9 itself can be designed in various ways. These may be so-called contact dryers as in the 2 to 4 Be described, in which the fibrous web in direct contact with the surface of a heated drying cylinder TZ1 - TZn passes. However, it is also conceivable to use so-called impingement drying devices, which are designed as infrared drying devices or else as air flow drying devices, in particular impact current drying devices or so-called TAD drying devices, that is to say throughflow drying devices. Depending on the design of the drying device, the dry content may depend on the initial properties of the fibrous web in the transfer area of the press arrangement 3 to the drying device 9 be varied.

The 5 shows a further advantageous variant of the inventive solution for the treatment of raw materials for producing a fibrous web, in particular Kraftliner, before the raw materials in the form of a pulp suspension the constant part and the paper machine 70.1 . 70.2 . 70.3 be supplied. This example shows a simplified stock preparation for the two-ply production of Kraftliner. The first layer consists at least of a fabric of unbleached short fibers and long fibers and represents the high-quality, decisive for the strength of the situation, the so-called ceiling layer. These raw materials are initially in a Stoffbütte 51.1 stacked and then in a first refining stage in a refiner 52.1 ground. The consistency is for example 6%. After the subsequent Mischbütte 51.2 in which the fractions are mixed, the second milling stage also follows in a refiner 52.2 , After that, the fabric is in the machine chest 51.3 stacked. The supine position in this example consists of two types of material - a high-grade variety of unbleached short fibers and long fibers, and a second grade, consisting of waste paper, such as cardboard from a recycling process. The high-quality fabric is after the Stoffbütte for the supine position 53.1 a first refiner 54 fed and ground there and then a mixing device 55 supplied and mixed with a desired waste paper content. In addition, in the mixing device 55 Papermaking committee, additives such as retention aids and white water for dilution may be added. The waste paper content comes directly from the Altpapierstoffbütte for the supine position 53.2 , After the mixing device 55 If the mixture is in a further refining stage in a refiner 56 ground and then also a machine chest 53.4 fed. The fabrics for the two layers are from the respective machine chest 51.3 . 53.4 in the further course of the material flow the constant part 60 fed.

In the 6 is the constant part 60 represented, which is immediately upstream of the paper machine. The pulp suspension for the production of the ceiling layer is from the machine chest 51.3 via a pump to another mixing device 62.1 led, in which another mixture with white water 1 and dilution is performed. Subsequently, the fiber suspension is preferably over several cleaner stages 70 guided and cleaned and in a degassing device 61 the air content is reduced. In the mixing device 62.2 the dilution is done on headbox consistency. In a sieve device 65 They break down coarse flakes and remove impurities. The impurities are again through a sieve 67 . 68 guided and the accept into the degasser 61 . 64 directed. Subsequently, the pulp suspension for the blanket layer is fed to the headbox. The pulp suspension for the supine position is treated accordingly.

The 7 shows a first advantageous embodiment of a paper machine. In addition to the 2 . 3 and 4 the forming area is shown in more detail, and the smoothing device 100 as well as the reeling station 90 shown. The fiber suspensions for the top layer and the supine position are the corresponding headboxes 80.2 and 80.1 fed and through the wire strainers 2.2 and 2.1 drained and then zusammengegautscht the formed fibrous webs into a web. The fibrous web is then in the press arrangement 3 transferred and further dewatered and dried in the course of the paper machine. Following the drying section 10 become the surfaces of the fibrous web in the smoother 100 gentle and volume-saving with low smoothing pressure in a smoothing device 100 , which is designed as a roll calender, smoothed and then through the reel 90 rolled up, which is equipped with a center drive. At least one of the headboxes 2.1 . 2.2 is designed as dilution hydrogen casserole.

The 8th shows a second advantageous embodiment of a paper machine. Unlike the execution after 7 is the forming unit 2 formed by a screen assembly for the formation of a three-ply fibrous web, such as kraftliner. The arrangement is chosen so that the individual layers are still zusammengegautscht in a relatively wet state, that is at a dry content of less than 9%, preferably less than 8%. This arrangement has the advantage that less expensive sieve suction and thus less energy for the production of the fibrous web are needed. In addition, the layer strength is increased, which is an important quality feature, especially in Kraftliner.

The 9 shows a further variant of the forming unit 2 , It consists of a twin-wire former through a multi-layer casserole 80.1 . 80.2 . 80.3 with different pulp suspension for producing the different layers of the fibrous web, in particular for kraftliner supplied.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

Machine for producing a material web

2

forming unit

2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4

Rückenlageensieb, Deckenlagensieb

3

Press arrangement

4

press nip

5

roller

6

roller

7

dewatering belt

8th

dewatering belt

9

dryer

10

drying section

11, 11.1, 11.2

Device for at least indirect application of a print

12, 12.1, 12.2

treatment area

13

dewatering belt

14

Transfer area

15

press felt

16

suctionable roller

17

press roll

18

Vorentwässerungsspalt

19

suction roll

20

flexible roll jacket

21

pressing surface

22

pressing unit

23

Transfer area

24.1, 24.n-1, 24.n

guide rollers

25

suction roll

26

Trockensiebband

27

Trockensiebband

28, 28.1-28.5

belt press

29, 29.2

curved surface

30, 20.2

surface

31, 31.2

drying device

32, 32.1-32.5

drying cylinders

33, 33.2

outer periphery

34, 34.2

Trockensiebband

35, 35.2

Covering, in particular press belt

36, 36.2

Lens

37

Belt press, in particular double belt press

38, 38.2

press nip

39.1, 39.2

effective range

40.1, 40.2

press member

41.1, 41.2

press belt

50

Stock preparation

51.1

Fabric chest for the ceiling layer

51.2

Mischbütte ceiling layer

51.3

Machine chest ceiling position

52.1

Ceiling layer refiner, grinding first stage

52.2

Ceiling layer refiner, grinding second stage

53.1

Fabric chest for supine position

53.2

Old paper fabric chest for supine

53.3

Mixing chest for supine position

53.4

Machine chest supine position

54

Supine Refiner, grind first stage

55

mixing device

56

Supine Refiner, grind second stage

60

constant part

61, 64

degassing

62.1, 62.2, 63.1, 63.2

mixing device

65, 66

screening

67, 68

Screening device for reject

69

screening

70, 71

Cleaner

80.1, 80.2, 80.3

headbox

90

Reeling

100

smoothing device

200

Paper machine with back and Deckenlangsieb

300

Paper machine with twin-wire arrangement

400

Paper machine with twin wire and multi-layer casserole

AF, AF.2

pressing surface

GF, GF.2

counter surface

F

Fibrous web

FO

top

FU

bottom

MD

machine direction

CD

Machine transverse direction

TZ1 to TZn

drying cylinders

X, Y, Z

coordinates

X _E

Property of the fibrous web

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• EP 1072721 A2 [0003]
• DE 102004056320 A1 [0003]
• DE 102004039785 A1 [0003]
• EP 1647628 A1 [0003]
• WO 2005/100682 A1 [0083]

Cited non-patent literature

• DIN EN 643: 2001 [0010]
• DIN 54518 [0012]
• DIN EN ISO 2759 [0012]
• DIN 53134, 1990-02 [0012]
• ISO 5627 [0012]

Claims (15)

Method for producing a fibrous web (F), in particular a paper, board or tissue web, in which the fibrous web (F) in a press arrangement ( 3 ) between two endlessly circulating, fluid-absorbable dewatering belts ( 7 . 8th ) by a single extending in the direction of passage extended press nip ( 4 ) is guided and after passing through the press arrangement ( 3 ) to a drying line ( 10 ) in the direction of passage for the fibrous web (F) forming drying device ( 9 ) and is guided by it; characterized in that within the drying section ( 10 ) in the direction of passage of the fibrous web (F) localized over at least one, a treatment area ( 12 . 12.1 . 12.2 ) characterizing portion, compared to the pressure on the fibrous web (F) in the remaining area of the drying section ( 10 ), increased pressure is applied and that in the direction of passage of the fibrous web (F) the treatment area ( 12 . 12.1 . 12.2 ) is arranged downstream of at least one Smättbereich by a smoothing pressure is applied to the fibrous web (F), in which case the fibrous web is smoothed at least on one side. Method according to one of claims 1, characterized in that the pressure and / or the smoothing pressure directly by the action of the contact surface (AF) on the fibrous web (F) or indirectly by the action of the contact surface (AF) against a fibrous web (F) leading surface , in particular stringing is exercised. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that within the drying section ( 10 ) a plurality of treatment areas ( 12 . 12.1 . 12.2 ) are provided and in this the pressure in each case on one side of the on a respective mating surface (GF, GF.2) supporting fibrous web (F) on different fibrous web sides (FU, FO) is exercised. Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the fibrous web (F) on a rotatable curved counter surface (GF, GF.2) is guided and the pressure and / or the smoothing pressure by means in the direction of rotation of the counter surface (GF, GF .2) movable and against this contactable pressing surface (AF, AF.2) is applied to the fibrous web. Method according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that within the treatment area ( 12 . 12.1 . 12.2 ) and / or the at least one smoothing region at least one contact surface (AF, AF.2) and / or counter-surface (GF, GF.2) is heated. Method for producing a fibrous web (F), in particular a paper, board or tissue web, in which the fibrous web (F) in a press arrangement ( 3 ) between two endlessly circulating, fluid-absorbable dewatering belts ( 7 . 8th ) by a single extending in the direction of passage extended press nip ( 4 ) is guided and after passing through the press arrangement ( 3 ) to a drying line ( 10 ) in the direction of passage for the fibrous web (F) forming drying device ( 9 ) and is guided by it; characterized in that to increase the internal strength of the fibrous web (F) in the Z direction of the pulp suspension 0.1% to 1% glue is added and / or within a machine ( 1 ) is applied to this glue in the passage direction for the production of a fibrous web (F) and then smoothed. Machine ( 1 ) for producing a fibrous web (F), in particular a paper, board or tissue web, comprising only a single press nip ( 4 ) having press arrangement ( 3 ) and at least one of the press arrangement ( 3 ) in the direction of passage of the fibrous web (F) downstream, at least one drying section ( 10 ) descriptive drying device ( 9 ); characterized in that within the drying section ( 10 ) at least one, a treatment area ( 12 . 12.1 . 12.2 ) descriptive device ( 11 . 11.1 . 11.2 ) is arranged for applying a pressure to the fibrous web (F) and that, seen in the direction of passage of the fibrous web (F), the device ( 11 . 11.1 . 11.2 ) at least one, a smoothing area descriptive smoothing device ( 100 ) is arranged downstream of the application of a smoothing pressure on the fibrous web (F). Machine ( 1 ) according to claim 7, characterized in that the individual treatment area ( 12 . 12.1 . 12.2 ) and / or the at least one smoothing region can be described by at least one curved region. Machine ( 1 ) according to one of claims 7 to 8, characterized in that the individual treatment area ( 12 . 12.1 . 12.2 ) is formed by at least one contact surface (AF, AF.2) and a counter surface (GF, GF.2). Machine ( 1 ) according to any one of claims 9, characterized in that at least one of the individual contact surfaces (AF, AF.2) of an endlessly circulating belt, in particular press belt ( 35 . 41.1 . 41.2 ) is formed. Machine ( 1 ) according to one of claims 7 to 10, characterized in that at least one individual contact surface (AF, AF.2) and / or counter-surface (GF, GF.2) is heatable. Machine ( 1 ) according to one of claims 7 to 11, characterized in that the smoothing device ( 100 ) comprises a, the fibrous web (F) on a first side directly contacting, designed as a surface of a heated roller counter surface. Machine ( 1 ) according to claim 12, characterized in that the smoothing device comprises a, the fibrous web (F) on a second side directly contacting, designed as a surface of a metal strip or plastic belt contact surface. Machine ( 1 ) according to claim 12, characterized in that the smoothing device comprises a, the fibrous web (F) on a second side directly contacting, designed as a surface of a roll contact surface. Machine ( 1 ) according to one of claims 12 to 14, characterized in that the roller comprises a two-layer shell, wherein the first, inner cladding layer is deformable and in particular consists of a plastic and the second, outer cladding layer consists of a metal and is formed such that when applying the smoothing pressure in the smoothing area, an elastic deformation of the shell is formed.

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