DE102009059914A1 - Heatable solar and/or photovoltaic element for use on e.g. roofing tile to heat tank system, has thin, electrically-conductive wires or wire meshes embedded in upper layer, and film or coating provided below upper layer - Google Patents

Heatable solar and/or photovoltaic element for use on e.g. roofing tile to heat tank system, has thin, electrically-conductive wires or wire meshes embedded in upper layer, and film or coating provided below upper layer Download PDF

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DE102009059914A1
DE102009059914A1 DE102009059914A DE102009059914A DE102009059914A1 DE 102009059914 A1 DE102009059914 A1 DE 102009059914A1 DE 102009059914 A DE102009059914 A DE 102009059914A DE 102009059914 A DE102009059914 A DE 102009059914A DE 102009059914 A1 DE102009059914 A1 DE 102009059914A1
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elements
solar
size
thin
upper layer
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DE102009059914A
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German (de)
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Wolfram Schuermann
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
    • H05B3/34—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
    • F24S20/40—Solar heat collectors combined with other heat sources, e.g. using electrical heating or heat from ambient air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
    • F24S20/60—Solar heat collectors integrated in fixed constructions, e.g. in buildings
    • F24S20/69—Solar heat collectors integrated in fixed constructions, e.g. in buildings in the form of shingles or tiles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S40/00—Safety or protection arrangements of solar heat collectors; Preventing malfunction of solar heat collectors
    • F24S40/20—Cleaning; Removing snow
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S20/00—Supporting structures for PV modules
    • H02S20/20—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object
    • H02S20/22—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object specially adapted for buildings
    • H02S20/23—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object specially adapted for buildings specially adapted for roof structures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/013—Heaters using resistive films or coatings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2214/00—Aspects relating to resistive heating, induction heating and heating using microwaves, covered by groups H05B3/00, H05B6/00
    • H05B2214/02—Heaters specially designed for de-icing or protection against icing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/10—Photovoltaic [PV]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy

Abstract

The solar and/or photovoltaic element has thin, electrically-conductive wires or wire meshes embedded in an upper layer. A thin, electrically-conductive film or coating is provided below the upper layer. Power supply for activating a heating medium is continuously controlled between 0.5 volt and 480 volt such that a surface temperature value continuously covers a range from 1 degree Celsius to 120 degree Celsius. Temperature sensors automatically activate heating elements during lowering temperature of the solar and/or photovoltaic element.

Description

Die Gewinnung alternativer Energien, z. B. aus Windkraft, Solar- und Photovoltaiktechnik wird in der heutigen Zeit immer wichtiger.The extraction of alternative energies, eg. B. from wind power, solar and photovoltaic technology is becoming more important in this day and age.

Stand der Technik:State of the art:

Entsprechende Module für Solar- und Photovoltaiktechnik zur Strom- und zur Heizenergiegewinnung sind sowohl als grosse Elemente bis hin zu kleinformatigen Versionen welche z. B. auf Dachplatten, Dachsteinen, Metallelementen montiert sind, usw. hinlänglich bekannt.Corresponding modules for solar and photovoltaic technology for electricity and heating energy recovery are both as large elements to small format versions which z. B. on roof tiles, roof tiles, metal elements are mounted, etc. well known.

Problem:Problem:

Alle bekannten Elemente weisen einen technischen Nachteil in der Form auf dass der gewünschte Wirkungsgrad lediglich im Sommer erreicht wird.All known elements have a technical disadvantage in the form that the desired efficiency is achieved only in summer.

Ein gewünschter Wirkungsgrad ist im Winter, insbesondere wenn die Elemente/Anlagen mit Eis und Schnee bedeckt sind, allenfalls eingeschränkt, falls überhaupt, zu erzielen.A desired efficiency is in winter, especially if the elements / equipment covered with ice and snow, if necessary, to achieve at best limited.

Der Erfindung liegt das technische Problem zugrunde, Elemente zu schaffen, die zu allen Jahreszeiten nutzbar und darüber hinaus so beschaffen sind, dass Ausfälle der Funktion grundsätzlich ausgeschlossen sind.The invention is based on the technical problem of creating elements that can be used in all seasons and, moreover, such that failures of the function are fundamentally excluded.

Lösung:Solution:

Es wird als Lösung vorgeschlagen, dass der Wirkungsgrad durch in die Elemente beliebiger Grösse und Ausführung eingebrachte, als Heizung dienende, dünne Drähte oder Drahtgeflechte, auf, unter oder in die Elemente eingebrachte heizbare Folien oder beheizbare, bevorzugt transparente, Beschichtungen insbesondere im Winter gesichert wird wobei die Heizelemente zum einen, bei Bedarf, separat oder automatisch aktiviert bzw. eingeschaltet werden können und alternativ z. B. durch die, durch die Platte selbst, gewonnene Energie mit entsprechender Elektrizität, z. B. über Batterien als Speichermedien, mit Strom versorgt wird.It is proposed as a solution that the efficiency by in the elements of any size and design introduced serving as a heater, thin wires or wire mesh, on, under or introduced into the elements heated films or heatable, preferably transparent, coatings is secured especially in winter wherein the heating elements on the one hand, if necessary, can be activated separately or automatically or switched on and alternatively z. B. by the, by the plate itself, recovered energy with appropriate electricity, eg. B. is powered by batteries as storage media, with power.

Natürlich sind auch andere Versorgungseinrichtungen mit Energie, z. B über separate Wechsel- oder Gleichstromzufuhr denkbar welche im Ergebnis ein Abtauen der Elemente von Eis, Schnee u. ä. bewirken, gleichwohl denkbar.Of course, other utilities with energy, such. B on separate AC or DC supply conceivable which as a result defrost the elements of ice, snow u. Ä. cause, however conceivable.

Derart ausgerüstete, elektrisch oder alternativ beheizte Elemente lassen Raureif, Eis oder Schnee von den Oberflächen der Elemente abtauen und sichern hierdurch eine uneingeschränkte Nutzung auch in den Jahreszeiten in denen ansonsten eine Nutzung nur eingeschränkt, falls überhaupt, möglich ist.Such equipped, electrically or alternatively heated elements allow frost, ice or snow to defrost from the surfaces of the elements and thereby ensure unrestricted use even in the seasons in which otherwise use is limited, if any, possible.

Als mögliche Anwendungsbeispiele seien wie folgt aufgezeigt:As possible application examples are shown as follows:

Solche dergestalt beschaffenen Elemente können ihren Einsatz finden z. B. in grossformatigen Elementen auf Dächern und an Wänden.Such thus obtained elements can find their use z. B. in large-scale elements on roofs and on walls.

Gleichwohl ist der Einsatz in kleinformatiger Ausführung z. B. in Form von in oder auf Dachziegel, Dachsteine, sonstige Dacheindeckungsmaterialien und Fassadenverkleidungselemente integrierter Ausführung denkbar ebenso als Einsatzelement in beliebige Rahmenkonstruktionen welche, in Kombination mit Eindeckrahmenelementen in Dach-/Fassaden- und sonstige Flächen integriert werden können.Nevertheless, the use in small format z. B. in the form of roof tiles or roof tiles, other roofing materials and cladding elements integrated design conceivable as well as insert element in any frame structures which, in combination with Eindeckrahmenelementen in roof / facade and other surfaces can be integrated.

Sie können ihren Einsatz finden z. B. als Heizung von Tankanlagen, zur Stromversorgung von Batterien im Fahrzeugbau, speziell im Wohnmobil- und Wohnwagenbau und auch zu deren Heizung.You can find their use z. As heating of tank systems, for powering batteries in vehicle construction, especially in motorhome and caravan construction and also to their heating.

Auch ist der Einsatz als freistehendes Element zur dauerhaften Versorgung von z. B. Gartenhäusern, Freizeitanlagen, usw. möglich.Also, the use as a freestanding element for permanent supply of z. As garden sheds, leisure facilities, etc. possible.

Sie können eingesetzt werden als Bootsheizung und als Batterieladegerät in der Schifffahrt.They can be used as a boat heater and as a battery charger in shipping.

Auch ist es denkbar Heizelemente und Dauerlichtquellen für witterungsbedingte Tierhaltung – auch im Winter – zu schaffen.It is also conceivable heating elements and permanent light sources for weather-related livestock - even in winter - to create.

Speziell der Einsatz derart beschaffener Elemente in Energieparks sichert eine Energiegewinnung auch im Winter zumal beim Einsatz solcher Elemente ein Abdecken selbiger durch Schnee, Eis oder Reif vermieden wird.Especially the use of such elements in energy reserves ensures energy production even in winter, especially when using such elements covering the same by snow, ice or frost is avoided.

Andere Anwendungen sind gleichwohl denkbar da lediglich einige Anwendungsbeispiele aufgezählt wurden.Other applications are nevertheless conceivable since only a few application examples have been enumerated.

Claims (10)

Beheizbare Solar- und/oder Photovoltaikelemente beliebiger Grösse und Ausführung dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in einer beliebigen Schicht, bevorzugt in der obersten Schicht, dünne, elektrisch leitfähige Drähte, Drahtgeflechte oder andere, beliebige, elektrisch leitfähige Medien eingebunden sind.Heatable solar and / or photovoltaic elements of any size and design, characterized in that in any layer, preferably in the uppermost layer, thin, electrically conductive wires, wire mesh or other, any, electrically conductive media are involved. Beheizbare Solar- und/oder Photovoltaikelemente beliebiger Grösse und Ausführung dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwischen einer obersten und einer darunter liegenden Schicht eine dünne, elektrisch leitfähige Folie oder dünne Drähte, oder ein dünnes Drahtgeflecht eingebunden ist. Heatable solar and / or photovoltaic elements of any size and design characterized in that between a top and an underlying layer, a thin, electrically conductive foil or thin wires, or a thin wire mesh is integrated. Beheizbare Solar- und/oder Photovoltaikelemente beliebiger Grösse und Ausführung dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass unter der obersten Schicht eine beliebig dünne, elektrisch leitfähige Folie oder Beschichtung angebracht ist.Heatable solar and / or photovoltaic elements of any size and design, characterized in that under the uppermost layer of any thin, electrically conductive film or coating is attached. Beheizbare Solar- und/oder Photovoltaikelemente beliebiger Grösse und Ausführung dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass auf der obersten Schicht eine beliebig dünne, witterungsbeständige, elektrisch leitfähige Folie oder Beschichtung aufgebracht ist.Heatable solar and / or photovoltaic elements of any size and design, characterized in that on the uppermost layer of any thin, weather-resistant, electrically conductive film or coating is applied. Beheizbare Solar- und/oder Photovoltaikelemente beliebiger Grösse und Ausführung nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 4 dadurch gekennzeichnet dass mehrere Elemente miteinander vernetzt werden können.Heatable solar and / or photovoltaic elements of any size and design according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a plurality of elements can be networked together. Beheizbare Solar- und/oder Photovoltaikelemente beliebiger Grösse und Ausführung nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 5 dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Energieversorgung zur Aktivierung der Heizmedien bedarfs- und wahlweise zwischen 0,5 Volt, stufenlos bis 480 Volt regelbar ist, damit der mögliche Oberflächentemperaturwert einen Bereich von + 1°C bis + 120o C stufenlos abdecken kann.Heated solar and / or photovoltaic elements of any size and design according to claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the power supply for activating the heating media demand and optionally between 0.5 volts, continuously variable up to 480 volts, so that the possible surface temperature value a range from + 1 ° C to + 120 ° C. Beheizbare Solar- und/oder Photovoltaikelemente beliebiger Grösse und Ausführung nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 6 dadurch gekennzeichnet das die Elemente, insbesondere bei der Verwendung von vollflächigen Folien oder Beschichtungen, eine erhöhte Bruchsicherheit aufweisen.Heatable solar and / or photovoltaic elements of any size and design according to claims 1 to 6 characterized in that the elements, in particular when using full-surface films or coatings, have an increased resistance to breakage. Beheizbare Solar- und/oder Photovoltaikelemente beliebiger Grösse und Ausführung nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 7 dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Elemente über alle denkbaren, insbesondere alternativen Energien wie z. B. Solartechnik und in Strom umgewandelte Windkraft oder Photovoltaik aktiviert und gespeist werden kann. Selbst der Einsatz kleiner tragbarer Akkus ist denkbar.Heated solar and / or photovoltaic elements of any size and design according to claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the elements over all conceivable, in particular alternative energies such. As solar technology and converted into electricity wind power or photovoltaic can be activated and fed. Even the use of small portable batteries is conceivable. Beheizbare Solar- und/oder Photovoltaikelemente beliebiger Grösse und Ausführung nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 8 dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Elemente mit Temperaturfühlern versehen werden können welche eine automatische Aktivierung der Heizelemente im Bedarfsfall, z. B. bei entsprechender Temperaturabsinkung, gewährleisten.Heatable solar and / or photovoltaic elements of any size and design according to claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the elements can be provided with temperature sensors which an automatic activation of the heating elements in case of need, for. B. with appropriate temperature decrease guarantee. Beheizbare Solar- und/oder Photovoltaikelemente beliebiger Grösse und Ausführung nach der Beschreibung und den Ansprüchen 1 bis 9 dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass alle beispielhaft beschriebenen Möglichkeiten einschliesslich der Energieversorgung mittels Batterien oder der direkten Stromversorgung dem Zweck dienen solche Elemente frei von Raureif, Eis und Schnee zu halten zur optimalen Ausnutzung des Wirkungsgrades solcher Elemente auch bei widrigen Witterungsverhältnissen wie im Winter.Heated solar and / or photovoltaic elements of any size and design according to the description and claims 1 to 9, characterized in that all exemplified options described including the power supply by batteries or the direct power supply serve the purpose such elements free of hoar frost, ice and snow keep to optimal utilization of the efficiency of such elements even in adverse weather conditions such as in winter.
DE102009059914A 2009-12-20 2009-12-20 Heatable solar and/or photovoltaic element for use on e.g. roofing tile to heat tank system, has thin, electrically-conductive wires or wire meshes embedded in upper layer, and film or coating provided below upper layer Withdrawn DE102009059914A1 (en)

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DE102009059914A DE102009059914A1 (en) 2009-12-20 2009-12-20 Heatable solar and/or photovoltaic element for use on e.g. roofing tile to heat tank system, has thin, electrically-conductive wires or wire meshes embedded in upper layer, and film or coating provided below upper layer

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DE102009059914A DE102009059914A1 (en) 2009-12-20 2009-12-20 Heatable solar and/or photovoltaic element for use on e.g. roofing tile to heat tank system, has thin, electrically-conductive wires or wire meshes embedded in upper layer, and film or coating provided below upper layer

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT514977A1 (en) * 2013-10-23 2015-05-15 Reiter Thomas Mag Surface heating element for heating photovoltaic panels
US10505492B2 (en) 2016-02-12 2019-12-10 Solarcity Corporation Building integrated photovoltaic roofing assemblies and associated systems and methods

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT514977A1 (en) * 2013-10-23 2015-05-15 Reiter Thomas Mag Surface heating element for heating photovoltaic panels
AT514977B1 (en) * 2013-10-23 2016-01-15 Thomas Mag Reiter Surface heating element for heating photovoltaic panels
US10505492B2 (en) 2016-02-12 2019-12-10 Solarcity Corporation Building integrated photovoltaic roofing assemblies and associated systems and methods

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Effective date: 20130702