DE102009011120A1 - Adjustment device for the window pane of a window regulator - Google Patents

Abstract

It has a driver for connecting a window pane to a window pane on a window regulator device of a motor vehicle, which has a base body (2) which can be moved along a guide device and a pane holder (3) which can be arranged on the base body (2) to accommodate a window pane. In order to tilt the window pane in the mounted state on the motor vehicle door in a direction transverse to the vehicle longitudinal axis for a tolerance compensation and an accurate closing of the disc, it is provided that the base body (2) in assembly position of the window regulator on the motor vehicle by means of an adjusting means (4) in Vehicle transverse direction is tiltable and / or adjustable relative to the guide device.

Description

Subject of the invention

The The invention relates to a driver for connecting a window pane to a power window device of a motor vehicle, which a movable body along a guide body and for receiving a window pane one on the base body having arrangeable disc holder.

Technological background

at frameless doors of motor vehicles, d. H. at doors where there is no frame for the windowpane is and the door glass in a body-side gasket enters, as in particular in convertibles and the like, sometimes significant tolerances can occur. So can Assembly and manufacturing tolerances cause the Disc, especially in the closed position, either from the Door seal protrudes to form a gap, or the disc is pressed so strongly against the door seal, that a stiffness and increased wear occur. Sometimes it is necessary to mount the windowpane Condition on the motor vehicle door in a direction transverse to Vehicle longitudinal axis to tilt, a tolerance compensation to allow with secure, accurate closing of the disc.

For this an adjustment is made to the so-called disc holder. This disc holder is on one of a cable of the window lift drive up and down on a rail movable driver held. The driver forms the transmission part between Window regulator drive and the disc. The disc holder has a Slit-like receptacle for inserting the window pane on and is by means of a bearing on the driver adjusting screw tiltable transversely to the vehicle direction. The adjustment could so far only with the interior trim of the vehicle door removed, for example by means of a screwdriver or the like, be made.

State of the art

A driver of the type mentioned is from the DE 10 2005 040 459 A1 known. In this case, the driver has a movable along a guide rail body and a pivotally mounted on the body disk holder for receiving the window. The setting of the window glass is effected via a pivoting or tilting movement of the disk holder in the manner of an eccentric adjustment via a crank-like actuator.

Furthermore, from the DE 102 46 159 A1 a so-called web window lift known. Again, the tilting movement of the disc is effected by an adjustment on the disc holder by means of an adjusting screw.

The Previously known adjusting devices have become practical in practice proven, but claim due to the required Adjustment for the disc holder very much space, especially when installed in the driver or passenger door. Therefore, the previously known adjusting usually at so-called rear window regulators, in the rear body area and Coupes and / or convertibles used.

One Another disadvantage of this adjustment is relatively expensive Construction and the variety of required components, resulting in result in corresponding manufacturing costs.

task

From that Based on the invention, the object is based on a driver for connecting a window pane to a window regulator device a motor vehicle of the type mentioned the number of To reduce components and space requirements.

Invention and advantageous effects

The The problem underlying the invention is achieved by a driver solved with the features of claim 1. Further advantageous embodiments of the invention are in the subclaims specified.

Of the inventive driver for connecting a Window on a window regulator of a motor vehicle has a along a guide device, for example. One Guide rail, movable base body with arranged thereon disk holder for the window pane on. The disc holder has, for example, two opposite ones Jaws on which a U-shaped receptacle for the window pane connects. The fixing of the windowpane on the disc holder or the driver can through a through an opening in the window pane extending fastening screw or the like respectively.

At the driver or his body engages a power transmission element, such as a cable. In the case of a cable can on the driver or his body so-called nipple chambers be provided, in which the end pieces, in particular Nipples, provided ends of the cables are added.

The Cables are guided in the shape of a recumbent eight or deflected and with their, the driver opposite Ends wound around a cable drum, which in the case of an electric Windows of a geared motor otherwise from a winch is driven. Due to the rotational movement of the cable drum it comes to an up and down movement of the driver to the associated Guide rail.

at Vehicles with so-called frameless doors are to guarantee the necessary stability and grip quality the window usually two in the lateral distance arranged guide devices, in particular guide rails, provided, wherein on each guide rail a driver slides.

According to the Characteristic part of claim 1 is the main body in mounting position of the window regulator on the motor vehicle by means of an adjusting means in the vehicle transverse direction relative to Guide device tiltable and / or adjustable. By a tilting and / or pivoting movement of the body relative to the guide device, the required adjustment and thus a corresponding inclination or a corresponding pivoting movement the window pane about a typically parallel to the vehicle longitudinal direction running axis of rotation reached.

Thereby, that the main body in the assembled position of the window regulator on the vehicle in the vehicle transverse direction relative to the associated guide device or the associated guide rail tilting and / or adjustable is, reduces the space required for the adjustment compared to the known carriers with opposite the guide rail non-tiltable body, but adjustable relative to the base body Disk holder at the same adjustment range considerably. About that In addition, the number of components is reduced, which translates into cost reflects the adjustment of the driver.

The Setting the inclination of the disc over the swivel or Tilting movement of the body relative to the guide device takes place about an axis parallel to the vehicle longitudinal axis, so that the disc in a direction transverse to the vehicle longitudinal axis is deflected. With the invention, the disc can thus mounted in the Condition can be adjusted without affecting the interior trim of the vehicle door must be removed.

To a first particular embodiment of the invention it provided that the main body at least two in Spacing elements arranged spaced from each other for sliding along the Guiding device, wherein the sliding elements in Vehicle transverse direction are adjustable relative to each other. These Sliding elements have one to the contour of the guide rail or in the case of a so-called railway lifter with in sheet metal bspw. adapted as slits guides adapted for their part Sliding contour. By adjusting the sliding elements relative to each other or relative to the main body, can be a Adjustment of the inclination of the window pane in a simple manner.

The Adjustment is usually the so-called B-driver of the vehicle, d. H. assigned to the driver who the B-post of the vehicle body is closest.

constructive and mounting technology is particularly favorable if, as provided according to a further embodiment of the invention, at least one of the sliding elements in the vehicle transverse direction at the Main body held displaceable and the adjusting means is operable.

constructive It is particularly favorable when the at least one Slide element displaceable in a receptacle on the base body is guided, so that rattling noises due uneven road surfaces are avoided. Through the leadership the sliding element in a receptacle on the body is also ensures that the sliding element during the adjustment not tilted in the base body, so that a service-friendly, smooth adjustment is achieved.

In the same direction aims the inventive Measure that the at least one sliding element means Groove-bar guides in the receptacle of the body slidably guided. It is recommended that the Sliding element on one side with a groove and on the other Side with a bridge to provide, which in a corresponding embodiment engage in the recording of the body.

There the at least one sliding element relative to the base body is a separate part, it is also possible in a simple manner, only the sliding element made of a material with a relatively low coefficient of friction, in particular Plastic, such as polyoxymethylene produce. A complex treatment of said body of the driver to Improvement of the sliding properties is no longer necessary.

Manufacturing technology, it may be recommended that the at least one sliding element is formed in two parts, with an example of cost-effective material existing base part and thus, for example via a clip connection, connectable and sliding on the guide slide, which from a factory low friction material.

there It may be recommended that the at least one sliding element, consisting made of base and sliding parts as a two-component part by injection molding is made.

To another independent embodiment of the invention it is envisaged that the adjusting means as part of a deflection gear is trained. Due to this measure, it is possible that the adjusting means is also adjustable by means of a tool, which is not in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the adjustment attacks on this. The tool can, for example, in the for the window pane provided slot of the vehicle door, So essentially parallel to the disk surface, plugged be, with the tool in engagement with the adjustment means for Tilting or tilting of the body opposite the guide rail or the guide device the window lift passes. By turning the tool is then also causes an adjustment of the adjusting means, so over the tilting movement of the body the inclination of the disc can be adjusted transversely to the vehicle longitudinal axis. The axes of rotation the tool and the axis of rotation of the adjusting means are preferably essentially perpendicular to each other.

alternative or in addition to setting the tool in the slot the vehicle door, it is also possible that the Tool in the direction of the vehicle longitudinal axis by a Bore or opening in the front or back wall the vehicle door is insertable to the adjusting means to press.

From Advantage, the actuating portion of the adjusting means a toothing, in particular in the manner of a bevel gear. hereby is a sensitive, metered adjustment of the adjustment achieved by means of the appropriately trained tool, which in engagement with a toothing of the actuating portion the adjustment reaches.

When has proven particularly advantageous when the operating section the adjusting means has a Torxverzahnung.

there it offers itself according to a further embodiment of the invention, that the part of the deflecting gear in the area of the frontal free End portion of the adjusting means, in particular at the head of an adjusting screw, is arranged so that the tool with a toothing in the side Area of the head of the adjusting engages.

To a particular embodiment of the invention is provided that the adjusting means is a with its shaft part in the direction of displacement of the slider extending, axially secured to the body Has locking screw, which with its shaft end in a Threaded hole of the sliding element engages. The adjusting screw is axially fixed to the driver or body. By Turning the adjusting screw screws the bolt in or from the threaded hole in the base body or out, causing a displacement of the body relative to the guide device of the window and thus a tilting movement of the driver takes place with disc holder and disc. The adjustment range is, starting from a central position, ± 4 mm, preferably ± 2 mm, and more preferably ± 1 mm. Due to the relatively large distance of adjustable Main body to the upper edge of the window pane in her Closed position is sufficient a small adjustment of the adjustment off, to a precise closing of the window to adjust the door seal.

Prefers be the threads of the adjusting screw and the sliding element as Fine thread executed. This is because of the lower Thread pitch of the fine thread a more precise adjustment of the window possible, and by the self-locking of the fine thread is no fixing of the adjustment position required.

To An embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the adjusting screw extends through an opening in the body and by means of a securing element on the one side of the opening and a collar formed on the adjusting screw on the other Side of the opening secured axially on the body is. Preferably, this is in the region of the opening boundary to be formed coming collar at the bottom of the screw head.

To a structurally particularly simple embodiment of the invention engages the fuse element in an insertion, in particular in an annular groove, the adjusting screw and is in a receptacle held the body.

The securing element may be formed, for example, as a flat, resilient sheet metal part with two legs. At the opposite inner edges of the legs can be provided a circular segment-shaped recess, which complement each other to a circular receptacle for the insertion or annular groove of the adjusting screw. The free ends of the legs are rounded to facilitate the insertion of the securing element in the Einstecknut or the annular groove. At the foot of the legs, the securing element further comprises a recess, in particular a trapezoidal recess aufwei sen, which ensures an elastic mobility of the legs relative to the base connecting them or their crosspiece. In addition, at the crossbar or at the base a umgebörtelte fold of the fuse element may be provided to even improve the stability of the fuse element and on the other hand to allow an attack surface for pulling the fuse element from the securing position on the adjusting screw, for example via a hook-shaped tool ,

From particular advantage is the base body a plug-in channel, in particular an insertion channel, for the tool formed in the region of the part of the deflection of the adjusting empties. This insertion channel for the tool, for example, a screwdriver, serves as an introductory and positioning aid for the tool to the adjustment means to press.

Technically assembly It is particularly favorable if the adjusting screw, preferably Centric on the front side of its screw head, a toothing, For example, an Innentorxverzahnung having, with the the tool for tilting or pivoting of the body cooperating toothing as a toothed rim coaxial with the internal toothing, preferably on a collar of the adjusting screw is arranged. The adjusting screw thus has two drive contours or teeth for engaging a tool. In the middle of the screw head For example, a conventional Torx or Phillips engagement intended. This adjusts the adjusting screw during the Pre-assembly screwed into the threaded hole of the sliding element. The sprocket may also be designed as Torxverzahnung in the corresponding counter section or operating section the adjusting tool for later adjustment of the screw intervenes.

The The invention also relates to a tool in combination with a device according to the invention Carrier, wherein the tool is designed as a screwdriver and one corresponding to the part of the deflection gear of the adjusting means Deflection part has. The two parts of the deflection gear of the tool or the setting complement or complete the reversing gear so that the adjusting means also operated by an angular attack of the tool or can be adjusted. Preferably, the axis of rotation of the Tool and the axis of rotation of the adjusting means substantially perpendicular to each other.

To An embodiment of the invention, it is provided that an actuating portion the tool or screwdriver a toothing, in particular has the nature of a bevel gear. This gearing corresponds with the teeth of the adjusting.

After all the tool is suitable and trained through the door shaft inserted into the insertion channel or insertion channel to be, by means of the teeth in the teeth of the adjustment intervene.

Further Objectives, advantages, features and applications of the The present invention will become apparent from the following description of a Embodiment with reference to the drawings. Make up all described and / or illustrated features for itself or in any meaningful combination the object of present invention, also independent of their summary in the claims or their dependency.

embodiment

It demonstrate:

1 a possible embodiment of a driver according to the invention in a front view with attached tool,

2 a perspective rear view of the driver according to the invention 1 .

3 according to the driver 2 in a perspective exploded view,

4 according to the driver 2 in a further perspective view,

5 according to the driver 2 in a view obliquely from below with in an end position sliding element and

6 according to the driver in the view 5 , but with sliding element in the other end position.

The driver shown in the embodiment 1 is intended for a window, as it is arranged in doors of motor vehicles. As windows come, for example, so-called web window lifters as in the DE 102 46 159 A1 described, for example, or so-called two-rail windows, such as in the DE 10 2004 027 253 A1 given, considered.

The driver 1 consists essentially of a basic body 2 and a, preferably fixedly connected disc holder 3 ,

The driver 1 engages by means of sliding elements 5 . 6 in not shown slot-shaped guides in the case of a so-called web window lifter or in separately arranged on the vehicle door or on a subframe guide rails of the window regulator.

At the driver 1 engages a cable, not shown, which is by means of a likewise not shown electrical or mechanical drive up and unwindable on a cable drum and the driver 1 along the guides for opening and closing the window moves. For articulation of the cable ends of the cable are in the driver 1 so-called nipple chambers 27 provided in which the rope ends are inserted with your nipples.

The disc holder 3 has two mutually clampable jaws, which form a Einsteckschlitz for inserting the window pane. The fixation of the window pane follows via a fastening means, for example a screw bolt, which extends with its shaft through the opening 30 extends at the one jaw, through a corresponding opening in the disc in a threaded bore of the other jaw.

The tilting of the disc in the direction transverse to the vehicle longitudinal axis for the purpose of adjusting the disc takes place in that one of the sliding elements 5 . 6 in a recording 7 on the body 2 is guided displaceably substantially in the vehicle transverse direction, wherein an adjusting means in the form of an adjusting screw 4 the sliding element 5 actuated. By the displacement of the engaging on the guides or guide rails of the window slider 5 in the vehicle transverse direction takes place with a fixed second sliding element 6 a tilting or pivoting movement of the body 2 opposite the door-fixed guide rail and thus a change in the inclination of the disc holder 3 with the main body 2 connected disc.

As in particular from the 3 to 6 As can be seen, the adjusting screw extends 4 the adjusting device with its shaft part 12 through an opening 14 a housing portion of the body 2 and an opening 32 an intermediate wall 31 a recording 7 in a threaded hole 13 of the sliding element 5 ,

The adjusting screw 4 is axially secured by on one side of the opening 14 a fuse element 15 in an annular groove 17 engages in the shank portion of the adjusting screw, while on the opposite side of the opening 14 a formed below the screw head collar 16 at the opening boundary abuts. The fuse element 15 is in a recording 18 of the basic body 2 plugged in.

As in particular from 3 and 4 it can be seen, in the embodiment chosen here, the securing element 15 as a flat, elastic sheet metal part with two legs 34 formed, which with a base part or a crosspiece 35 connected to each other. At the opposite inner edges of the thighs 34 is in each case a circular segment-shaped recess 36 provided, wherein the circular segment-shaped recesses 36 both thighs 34 to a circular receptacle for the insertion or annular groove 17 the adjusting screw 4 complete. In addition, the free leg ends 37 rounded off to insert the fuse element 15 in the ring groove 17 on the shaft part 12 the adjusting screw 4 to facilitate. On the leg of the leg to the base part or to the crossbar 35 there is a trapezoidal recess 38 formed, whereby the elastic flexibility of the legs 34 is improved. In addition, on the cross bar or on the base part 35 a reverted fold 39 provided, on the one hand, the stability of the fuse element 15 to improve and on the other an attack surface for pulling out of the fuse element 15 from the securing position on the adjusting screw 4 To allow, for example via a hook-shaped tool.

The adjusting screw 4 has at its head two drive contours or toothings for engagement of tools. In the middle of the screw head is located in the embodiment chosen here Innentorxverzahnung 20 , which during pre-assembly for screwing the adjusting screw 4 into the threaded hole 13 of the sliding element 5 is used. At the encircling waistband 16 is a sprocket, preferably also mounted with a Torxverzahnung. In this gearing 11 engages an adjusting tool, preferably a screwdriver 10 , with at its operating section 26 arranged conical trained counter teeth. The sprocket 11 is in the embodiment chosen here preferably at the at the opening boundary of the opening 14 adjoining waistband 16 on whose opening 14 formed opposite side.

The sliding in the vehicle transverse direction slider 5 has a groove on its sliding surface 8th on and on the opposite sliding surface a bridge 9 on, which with complementary grooves 8th and jetties 9 on the associated sliding surface of the recording 7 engage the body.

The sliding element 5 at least its sliding on the guide rail or the guide means section should consist of a material with a low coefficient of friction such as polyoxymethylene (POM).

For the adjustment tool 10 or the Screwdriver is on the body 2 an introductory channel 19 provided in the area of the adjusting screw 4 empties.

The operation of the driver 1 with adjustment for tilting the disc in the direction transverse to the vehicle longitudinal axis is as follows.

First, the window lifter or window regulator module is mounted with a disc in the vehicle door. In this mounting position is already the adjusting screw 4 secured axially on the body 2 held, wherein the threaded portion on the shaft part 12 into the threaded hole 13 of the sliding element 5 intervenes.

In order to tilt the window pane in the already mounted state on the motor vehicle door in the direction transverse to the vehicle longitudinal axis, for the purpose of tolerance compensation with accurate closing of the disc, the tool 10 for actuating the adjusting screw 4 plugged into the shaft of the vehicle door. Even with mounted interior trim while the tool passes 10 over the insertion channel 19 at the base body 2 with its operating section 26 in engagement with the sprocket 11 the adjusting screw 4 ,

Here comes the tool 10 with the cone-shaped toothing formed at its free end 26 with the sprocket 11 to the federal government 16 the adjusting screw 11 engaged.

This from tool 10 with operating section 26 and sprocket 11 the adjusting screw 4 formed angular gear leads in a rotational movement of the tool 10 to a rotational movement of the axially secured adjusting screw 4 , As a result, according to the direction of rotation, the sliding element 5 on the thread of the shaft 12 the screw 4 screwed on, so that the distance between base body 2 and guide rail or guide section in the vehicle transverse direction is reduced. In an opposite rotational movement of the adjusting screw 4 the sliding element shifts 5 in the direction of the guide rail or guide portion of the window, whereby the distance between the base body 2 and guide rail or guide section increases. As the upper sliding element in the mounting position 6 in the embodiment chosen here firmly on the body 2 is held, there is a pivoting or tilting movement of the body 2 and thus on the disc holder 3 to a change in the inclination of the window pane with respect to the door seal.

1

takeaway

2

body

3

disc holder

4

adjusting, adjusting

5

Slide

6

Slide

7

admission

8th

receiving groove

9

web

10

Tool, screwdriver

11

toothing sprocket

12

shank part

13

threaded hole

14

opening

15

fuse element

16

Federation

17

ring groove

18

admission

19

insertion channel, introduction channel

20

toothing Innentorx

21

22

gearing

23

24

25

26

actuating member

27

nipple chamber

28

29

30

opening

31

intermediate wall

32

opening

33

sliding surface

34

leg

35

Base, crosspiece

36

recess

37

leg end

38

recess

39

fold

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• - DE 102005040459 A1 [0004]
• - DE 10246159 A1 [0005, 0048]
• - DE 102004027253 A1 [0048]

Claims (21)

Driver ( 1 ) for connecting a window pane to a window regulator device of a motor vehicle, which has a base body which can be moved along a guide device (US Pat. 2 ) and for receiving a window pane one at the base body ( 2 ) disposable disc holder ( 3 ), characterized in that the basic body ( 2 ) in the assembly position of the window regulator device on the motor vehicle by means of an adjusting means ( 4 ) is tiltable and / or adjustable in the vehicle transverse direction relative to the guide device. Carrier according to claim 1, characterized in that the basic body ( 2 ) at least two spaced apart sliding elements ( 5 . 6 ) for sliding along the guide rail, wherein the sliding elements ( 5 . 6 ) are adjustable relative to each other in the vehicle transverse direction. Carrier according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that at least one of the sliding elements ( 5 ) in the vehicle transverse direction on the base body ( 2 ) and displaceable by the adjusting means ( 4 ) is operable. Carrier according to claim 3, characterized in that the at least one sliding element ( 5 ) in a recording ( 7 ) on the base body ( 2 ) is guided displaceably. Carrier according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the at least one sliding element ( 5 ) by means of groove / web guides ( 8th . 9 ) in the recording ( 7 ) of the basic body ( 2 ) is guided displaceably. Carrier according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the at least one sliding element ( 5 ) consists of a material having a relatively low coefficient of friction, in particular plastic, such as polyoxymethylene (POM). Carrier according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one sliding element ( 5 ) formed in two parts with a base part and thus, for example. Via a clip connection connectable, sliding on the guide rail sliding part. Carrier according to one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that the at least one sliding element ( 5 ), consisting of base and sliding part, is produced as a two-component part in multi-component injection molding. Carrier according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the adjusting means ( 4 ) is formed as part of a deflection gear. Carrier according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the adjusting means ( 4 ) by means of an iw along the disk surface attacking tool ( 10 ) is operable. Carrier according to one of claims 10 and 11, characterized in that the actuating portion of the adjusting means ( 4 ) a gearing ( 11 ), in particular in the manner of a bevel gear. Driver according to one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that the part of the deflection gear in the region of a front-side free end portion of the adjusting means, in particular at the head of an adjusting screw ( 4 ) is arranged. Driver according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the adjusting means a with its shaft part ( 13 ) in the direction of displacement of the sliding element ( 5 ) extending, axially on the base body ( 2 ) secured adjusting screw ( 4 ), which with its shaft end in a threaded bore ( 13 ) of the sliding element ( 5 ) intervenes. Carrier according to claim 13, characterized in that the adjusting screw ( 4 ) through an opening ( 14 ) in the main body ( 2 ) and by means of a securing element ( 15 ) on one side of the opening ( 14 ) and one on the adjusting screw ( 4 ) formed federal government ( 16 ) on the other side of the opening ( 14 ) axially on the base body ( 2 ) is secured. Carrier according to claim 14, characterized in that the securing element ( 15 ) in a Einstecknut, in particular in an annular groove, the adjusting screw ( 4 ) and in a recording ( 18 ) of the basic body ( 2 ) is held. Carrier according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on the base body ( 2 ) an insertion channel, in particular an introduction channel ( 19 ) for the tool ( 10 ) is formed in the region of the part of the deflection of the adjusting means ( 4 ) opens. Carrier according to one of claims 12 to 16, characterized in that the adjusting screw ( 4 ), preferably centric on the end face of its screw head, a toothing, for example. An Innentorxverzahnung ( 20 ), whereby the with the tool ( 10 ) for tilting or pivoting of the main body ( 2 ) cooperating toothing as a toothed rim ( 11 ) coaxial with the internal toothing ( 20 ), preferably on a collar ( 16 ) is arranged. Tool in combination with a driver ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tool as a screwdriver ( 10 ) is formed and one to the part of the deflection of the adjusting ( 4 ) corresponding actuating part ( 26 ) having. Tool according to claim 18, characterized in that the actuating part of the screwdriver ( 10 ) a gearing ( 26 ), in particular in the manner of a bevel gear. Tool according to claim 18 or 19, characterized in that the tool ( 10 ) is designed to pass through the door shaft into the insertion channel ( 19 ) by means of the gearing ( 26 ) into the gearing ( 11 ) of the adjusting means ( 4 ) intervene. Window regulator device of a motor vehicle with a driver for connecting the window pane to one of Claims 1 to 17.