DE102008040717A1 - Commutator for an electric machine as well as system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a commutator (1) for an electric machine, with a plurality of lamellae (5) arranged side by side for lamination with sliding contacts and with a central passage opening (3) for sliding the commutator (1) onto an armature shaft an electric motor. According to the invention, provision is made for the commutator (1) to have an end face geometry (10) designed for positive engagement with a displacement and / or alignment device. Furthermore, the invention relates to a system.

Description

State of the art

The The invention relates to a commutator according to the The preamble of claim 1 and a system according to claim 8th.

From the WO 2003075436 A1 is known a commutator for an electric machine. In such, also referred to as a commutator or commutator commutator is a device for current application in electrical machines. The current application generates a current that flows from armature winding to armature winding of a rotor of the electric machine or to change the current in order to generate a torque during a rotational movement of the armature winding. Commutators have a plurality of circumferentially adjacent juxtaposed copper fins, which interact with sliding contacts for electrical contacting. Known commutators have a central passage opening, by means of which they can be pushed onto an armature shaft of the electric machine and fixed by press fits at this. Both when sawing the individual copper lamellae from each other electrically insulating lamella slots as well as when joining the commutator to the armature shaft, the commutator is oriented on the geometry of the circumferentially arranged lamellar slots (aligned). The position detection takes place optically or mechanically.

The known procedure in the alignment of the commutator leads to position inaccuracies between the armature winding grooves in the armature package and the commutator of up to about ± 1.5 °. This is on the one hand on manufacturing inaccuracies of the commutator, in particular on pitch tolerances between the slat slots, as well as on Return positional tolerances during assembly. Whenever the commutator is pushed forward, the radial In addition, deteriorate orientation.

The explained position inaccuracies between the commutator and the anchor package lead in particular at high-pole electrical machines to significant fluctuations in characteristics.

Disclosure of the invention

Technical task

Of the The invention is therefore based on the object to propose a commutator, with the position inaccuracies between the commutator and a another element, for example, the anchor packet of an electrical Machine or a sawing device for making the Lammellenschlitze can be at least largely avoided. Furthermore, the object is a system for avoiding position inaccuracies between the commutator and another element.

Technical solution

These Task is with respect to the commutator with the characteristics of Claim 1 and with regard to the system having the features of the claim 8 solved. Advantageous further developments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims. Within the scope of the invention all combinations of at least two of in the description, the claims and / or the figures revealed Features.

Of the Invention is based on the idea, in addition to the Slat slots provide a reliable and accurate geometry to provide on a front side of the commutator, the form-fitting Interaction with a displacement and / or alignment device is trained. In other words, one after the Concept of the invention trained commutator on one, preferably in the mounted state on a side remote from the anchor packet, front side, a geometry (alignment geometry) that is for positive locking Connecting with a counter-geometry of a displacement and / or alignment device is trained. The geometry must be designed in such a way that over them acting in the circumferential direction torques, for example, during the sliding of the commutator occur, supported and / or initiated.

Under a displacement device is a device for axial Moving the commutator, in particular along the armature shaft an electric machine when mounting an electric machine, to understand. By engaging a to the geometry of the commutator adapted counter geometry in the geometry of the commutator can a rotation of the commutator relative to the shifting device be avoided during the relocation process.

Under an alignment device is a device to be understood with the commutator pivotable about its longitudinal central axis is to the commutator thus in the circumferential direction Rich to an element, in particular an anchor packet of an electric machine or a Saw of a manufacturing device for producing the slat slots, to align exactly. Very particular preference is given to an embodiment in the case of an axial displacement possibility and a pivoting possibility in the circumferential direction in a common displacement and alignment device combined.

By the provision of a corresponding frontal geometry for alignment of the commutator and to prevent twisting of the commutator during axial displacement can position inaccuracies both in the manufacture of the commutator and during assembly an electrical machine, in particular an engine for Stellaufgaben in motor vehicles, be avoided. Likewise by holding the commutator to its geometry at the the winding process subsequent axial displacement step Twisting the commutator relative to the anchor packet safely avoided become. Due to the higher position accuracy of a fully assembled, trained according to the concept of the invention Commutators become characteristic fluctuations of electrical machine reduced to electrical machine.

In Development of the invention is provided with advantage that the Geometry (alignment geometry) of the commutator in a radial through hole arranged outside surrounding hub portion of the commutator is. This hub section (main body) is preferred made of plastic, for example by compression or injection molding, preferably as a sintered part. Preferably is the Geometry at a radial distance to, preferably made of copper trained, preferably arranged on the outer circumference, Lamellae.

It is conceivable, the geometry with respect to an end plane of the commutator sublime and / or deepened form. Especially preferred in terms of a space minimization one exclusively recessed, so, preferably axially, in the commutator extending training of geometry.

In Development of the invention is provided with advantage that the Geometry (alignment geometry) of the commutator as tooth geometry with extending in the radial direction and in the circumferential direction formed adjacent teeth. The Providing a plurality of circumferentially juxtaposed Teeth allow safe support or passing of circumferentially acting torques.

Around an exact alignment of the commutator relative to another Element, in particular to the anchor packet of an electrical machine, Being able to realize is an embodiment preferred in which the gearing geometry one of the number Slats corresponding number of teeth. Different expressed the number does not necessarily correspond However, preferably, in the radial direction tapered teeth the number of lamella hooks for fixing and electrical contact the armature winding, so that the relative position of one with the geometry cooperating displacement and / or alignment device relative to every hook is exactly defined. Particularly preferred is a Embodiment in which the teeth respectively in an area in the circumferential direction between two adjacent lamellae or are arranged pointing to a hook.

Especially preferred is an embodiment of the commutator, in the lamellae each having a lamella hooks on the outer circumference the commutator are arranged, wherein the slat slots are extend in the axial and radial directions. In other words form the lamellae, at least in sections, preferably completely, the lateral surface of, at least approximately, hollow cylindrical commutator.

The Invention also leads to a system comprising one The commutator formed according to the concept of the invention. additionally to the one end face geometry (alignment geometry) having commutator The system comprises a displacement and / or alignment device for axial displacement and / or rotation of the commutator in the circumferential direction. In this case, the displacement and / or alignment device comprises a counter-geometry corresponding to the front-side geometry of the commutator, wherein the geometry and the counter-geometry are formed and coordinated with each other, that these acting in the circumferential direction torques can support. It is an embodiment of the system feasible, in which this next to the commutator exclusively a displacement device or exclusively an alignment device, or a displacement device and an alignment device having. Particularly preferred is an embodiment of the system, which has a combined displacement control next to the commutator. and / or alignment device is provided.

Around an exact alignment of the commutator to another element To be able to effect, it is preferred if the counter-geometry the displacement and / or alignment device conforming to the front side Geometry of the commutator is formed.

at the displacement and / or alignment device may be a Component of a mounting device for axial positioning of the commutator relative to an anchor packet on the armature shaft and / or for alignment the commutator in the circumferential direction on the armature shaft relative to the Anchor package act. The anchor packet is preferably used around a lamellar package.

Additionally or alternatively, it may be at the sliding and / or aligning to egg NEN part of a manufacturing device, in particular a sawing act, wherein the sliding and / or alignment device is designed in particular for aligning the commutator relative to at least one saw of the sawing device for introducing the lamellae electrically mutually insulating lamella slots.

Short description of the drawing

Further Advantages, features and details of the invention will become apparent the following description of a preferred embodiment as well as the drawing. This shows in the only one

1 : A perspective view of a commutator with a frontal geometry for aligning the commutator in the circumferential direction.

Embodiment of the invention

In 1 is a commutator 1 for a non-illustrated, known per se electric machine, in particular for a small electric motor for adjustment tasks in motor vehicles, for example, for a window regulator drive shown. The commutator 1 consists of a basic body 2 made of plastic, which has a hub section 4 forms, the radially inwardly from the inner periphery of an axially extending, circular contoured through hole 3 is limited. The passage opening 3 serves to receive an armature shaft of an electric machine on which the commutator 1 Preferably, by means of a press fit is rotatably fixed.

On the outer circumference of the main body 2 are a plurality of circumferentially spaced louvers 5 arranged from copper. Two lamellae arranged side by side 5 are about in the axial and some distance in the radial direction in the body 2 extending slat slots 6 separated from each other and thus electrically isolated from each other. The slats 5 are made of a metal band, which when spraying the main body 2 anchored in this. By inserting the slat slots 6 by means of a sawing device in the manufacture of the commutator 1 became the single lamellae from the copper band 5 manufactured.

Each lamella 5 has a projecting in the axial direction, curved lamella hooks 7 on. The lamellar hooks 7 serve for fixing and electrical contacting of an armature winding, not shown. The armature winding is made by hot caulking of the lamellar hooks 7 clamped.

The slats 5 form the through the slat slots 6 interrupted lateral surface 8th the substantially hollow cylindrical commutator 1 , wherein during operation of the electric machine on the lateral surface 8th Slip contacts slide the slats 5 contact electrically.

In 1 is the commutator 1 in a view on a front side 9 shown in the mounted in the electric machine commutator 1 away from an anchor packet. The front side 9 plays with the shown commutator 1 a crucial role in both the manufacture of the commutator 1 , in particular during the insertion (sawing) of the slat slots 6 as well as when joining the commutator 1 on the armature shaft, in particular during the axial advancement of the commutator 1 after the winding process.

In the front page 9 is a recessed geometry 10 brought in. This is located in the body 2 or in the hub section 4 and was considered integral geometry in the manufacture of the main body 2 , In particular, during injection molding, introduced by a corresponding Werkzeugausformung. The geometry 10 is concentric with the longitudinal center axis L of the commutator 1 aligned and has a circumferential tooth structure 11 with a plurality of circumferentially juxtaposed teeth 12 on. The number of teeth 12 corresponds to the number of slats 5 and thus the slat slots 6 as well as the lamellar hooks 7 , The teeth 12 run in the radial direction outwardly pointed, wherein between each two circumferentially spaced lamellae 5 a slat slot 6 is provided.

The flanks 13 . 14 the teeth 12 the tooth structure 11 form attack surfaces for supporting a torque.

To the geometry 10 There is a not shown, corresponding, preferably conforming counter-geometry on a displacement and / or alignment, wherein this counter-geometry for the commutator shown 1 is formed as a raised geometry with a tooth structure, wherein the teeth form-congruent in the teeth formed as depressions 12 the geometry 10 can be inserted. From the counter geometry become the flanks 13 . 14 matching counter flanks (Gegenabstützflächen) provided.

The displacement and / or alignment device may be the commutator 1 move axially along its longitudinal central axis L and a rotation of the commutator 1 around the longitudinal central axis L due to the engagement of the counter-geometry in the geometry 10 prevent. Should the commutator 1 to a further element, in particular an anchor plate of the electric machine or a saw in the manufacture of the commutator 1 aligned who the, can with the displacement and / or alignment device twisting of the commutator 1 to the desired angle of rotation about the longitudinal central axis L can be realized.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• WO 2003075436 A1 [0002]

Claims (11)

Commutator for an electric machine, with several juxtaposed by slat slots ( 6 ) separate slats ( 5 ) for interaction with sliding contacts and with a central passage opening ( 3 ) for pushing on the commutator ( 1 ) to an armature shaft of an electric motor, characterized in that the commutator ( 1 ) an end-side, designed for interlocking cooperation with a displacement and / or alignment, geometry ( 10 ) having. Commutator according to claim 1, characterized in that the geometry ( 10 ) into a passage opening ( 3 ) radially outwardly surrounding hub portion ( 4 ) of the commutator ( 1 ), preferably during injection molding, is introduced. Commutator according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the geometry ( 10 ) is sublime and / or deepened. Commutator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the geometry ( 10 ) as a tooth geometry with extending in the radial direction and circumferentially adjacent teeth ( 12 ) is trained. Commutator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tooth geometry is one of the number of lamellae ( 5 ) corresponding number of teeth ( 12 ) having. Commutator according to claim 5, characterized in that the teeth ( 12 ) in each case in a region in the circumferential direction between two adjacent lamellae ( 5 ) or on a lamellar hook ( 7 ) are arranged pointing. Commutator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the respective one lamella hooks ( 7 ), from each other via the extending in the axial direction slat slots ( 6 ) electrically insulated slats ( 5 ) on the outer circumference of the commutator ( 1 ) are arranged. System comprising a commutator ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, whose frontal geometry ( 10 ) cooperates positively with a corresponding counter-geometry of a displacement and / or alignment device. System according to claim 8, characterized in that the counter-geometry is shape-congruent to the geometry ( 10 ) of the commutator ( 1 ) is trained. System according to one of claims 8 or 9, characterized in that the displacement and / or alignment device part of a mounting device for axially positioning the commutator ( 1 ) relative to an armature package on the armature shaft and / or for aligning the commutator ( 1 ) in the circumferential direction on the armature shaft relative to an armature core. System according to one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that the displacement and / or alignment device part of a sawing device for aligning the commutator ( 1 ) relative to a saw for introducing the slats ( 5 ) electrically insulating slat slots ( 6 ).