DE102008018900A1 - Pressure equalization fitting with pipe membrane and adjustable volume flow - Google Patents

Abstract

A pressure equalization fitting with tube membrane for wired and / or with electrical / electronic or technical equipment housing according to German publication, patent application DE 10 2006 048 943. Pressure equalization fittings with breathable semipermeable execution in closed housing high to explosion-proof protection and with / without electromagnetic shielding are for A wide variety of applications needed and are designed accordingly diverse. The main application presents a pressure equalization cylinder with tube membrane, wherein the pressure compensation element is suitable by its outer flush shape for cylindrical cable receptacles and the fastening device and the sealing function are given by the installation site. If the cable / hose feedthrough without cable / hose is used as a ventilation channel, a housing feed-through for pressure equalization is obtained, wherein the air pressure equalization takes place via a pressure compensation cylinder with a semi-permeable tube membrane. The semi-permeable membrane is breathable, prevents ingress of liquid / water into the cabled and / or electrical / electronic or engineering-equipped housing, and allows gas / water vapor to enter / exit the housing. The pressure compensation cylinder with tube membrane can be made single or multi-tube. Furthermore, a pressure compensation cylinder of small construction volume and large membrane area as compensation element ...

Description

The invention relates to a Druckausgleichsschraschraung with tube membrane for wired and / or equipped with electrical / electronic or engineering housing according to German publication, patent application DE 10 2006 048 943 ,

These Connection, switch and distribution boxes - so they are not completely shed inside - subject - both for indoor and outdoor applications - physical Laws, such as the formation of indoor humidity to water due to Temperature and pressure changes, keyword dew point water formation. For price-sensitive outdoor applications, the Hollow body of the connection, switch and distribution box provided with water-removing through holes. In Depending on the degree of protection, this often becomes the technology of installation Drilling through filters of porous materials, labyrinths, Baffles or valves supplemented to penetrate from outside Reject water. For applications of traffic and vehicle technology helps the expensive, not environmentally friendly housing-Innenverguß under Of air. An inexpensive, alternative solution represents the creation of semipermeable openings. Here are the housing openings through filters which adds an opening for gases through Have micropores, but for liquids constitute a barrier, also diaphragm valves or pressure compensation elements called.

Pressure compensation elements with breathable semipermeable passage in closed housings Water and explosion-proof type and with / without electromagnetic Shielding are known in the art. Such pressure compensation elements are needed for a wide variety of applications and are shaped accordingly diverse. you will be each intended use made of plastic and / or metal, include additional washers and / or gaskets / seals / grommets.

bushings and / or their individual parts are standardized; in the installation technology are cable glands of old design under the name Reinforced tube thread (Pg) with non-metric thread, Pg7 ... Pg48, according to new approved design with metric thread M12 ... M63, traded.

Cable / hose routes consist of a cylinder with mostly two-sided thread and one Stop making the sealing seal to a wall bil det. To attach either the conclusion with bolted to the wall - the conclusion contains Holes drilled - or the cylinder becomes wall back / housing side screwed with a counter / locknut. On the side of the cable entry There is either a cable grommet with gasket and washer and / or a molded or loose cable claw, wherein the cable is squeezed sealingly by a cap nut, or even a screw clamp with seal and molded cable bend protection. Accessories are known as seal / choke nipples and blind plugs / screw plugs.

The Applications range from connection, switching and Distribution boxes of installation / device technology of building system and plant engineering up to applications aerospace, vehicle and traffic engineering as well maritime applications. Due to the variety of applications the above, rough description is not deepened.

in the Following is the appreciation of the prior art related to bushings in the device technology in conjunction with pressure compensation technology.

The German patent DE 10 2005 035 210 / European patent EP 1 746 698 introduces a cable bushing with diaphragm valve. In this application, a cable gland - also known as Pg gland commercially known - provided with a pressure compensation element. The advantage of this application lies in the combination of cable bushing and pressure equalization element in one part, so that an electrically wired housing of higher protection by the semi-permeable cable entry is also protected from the interior moisture.

The Air passage volume through the semipermeable opening is also determined by the inserted cable; the dimensions the external threads are subject to an industry standard.

all featured cable glands is common that they over a single or multiple cylindrical cable receptacle with which the cable is tightly fastened and performed.

According to the The prior art is a series of pressure equalization fittings known, which differ in the main by different characteristics differ.

The German patent application DE 10 2005 047 662 discloses a pressure equalization fitting with pressure compensation element of small construction volume and large membrane area for universal use as possible, intends to reduce the variety of possible types of pressure equalization fittings and / or elements and thus to simplify the manufacture and storage. The pressure equalization screw according to the invention Exercise is similar in appearance to the well-known cable gland with armored tube (Pg) - or metric threaded connection and an external hexagon after given spanner size.

The Pressure equalization fitting is suitable for screwing into threaded holes or for attachment in through holes with spring washer and Threaded nut. The tightness to the housing wall is through made an elastic O-ring.

The breathable part forms a pressure compensation element, which is located inside the screw connection. The dimensioning of pressure compensation element and screwing is based on the one hand to the intended Breakthroughs of armored tube (Pg) and metric threaded connection in Switch housings and, on the other hand, aimed at the against Moisture to be protected application and the climatic Environment of the place of installation.

moisture protection can be offered in such applications in that the Housing with a semipermeable passage, such as a filter, a labyrinth, a membrane, a chicane or be provided a valve. The above application provides, a Cable passage through a semipermeable passage with Pressure compensation element - the pressure equalization fitting - too replace.

The Registration also provides that the pressure equalization fitting with pressure compensation element of small construction volume and large Membrane surface from the outside into the housing sealed and screwed from the inside with a counter / locknut or from the outside with the thread of the housing bore is screwed sealingly. Here is the location and, if necessary, the accessibility the pressure compensation element inside or from the inside.

This means that the housing interior essential space for the cable management or space for the electrical / electronic equipment is lost. Therefore, in the German patent application DE 10 2005 055 616 proposed a Druckausgleichsschraschraung with pressure compensation element small volume and large membrane area, which also has an inner stop. The inner stop can be pronounced as a cylindrical ring or external hexagon. Installation is from inside to outside; The pressure equalization fitting is sealed from the inside into the housing and screwed from the outside with a counter / lock nut or from the inside with the thread of the housing bore sealing. The accessibility of the pressure compensation element is given from the inside, but its position is located substantially in the outer space of the housing.

The Construction volume of the housing interior is only through the inner stop reduced.

at the pressure compensating fittings with pressure compensation element small Construction volume and large membrane area without / with Inner stop may be the manufacturing preparation and assembly of the proposed filter or membrane production technology consuming shape.

According to the German patent application DE 10 2006 012 998 is a Druckausgleichsschraschraung with pressure compensation element small volume and large membrane area proposed, the filter / membrane is made of a tubular membrane be. A tube membrane is made of a material that is similar to the material of flat membranes or appropriately shaped membranes, but whose geometry corresponds to a hollow cylinder with inner / outer radius, wall thickness and height.

Of the Construction and assembly of the membrane is simpler and easier It will be commercially available, known in the installation market Parts are installed and there is no need for additional Precautions are taken as such applications often occur minimal spatial and weight Dimensions are designed.

All featured pressure compensating fittings have a circumferential Threaded approach, the screw with the help of a corresponding Nut - if necessary via a mechanical adapter - in a through hole sealingly attached or screwed even in a threaded hole designed sealing and holding. The Fastening of the pressure compensation screw connection takes place in all cases the thread of the same with / without lock nut and O-ring as a sealing ring.

In another German disclosure DE 10 2006 048 943 a pressure compensation cylinder is presented with tube membrane, the pressure compensation element is suitable by its outer flush shape for cylindrical cable receptacles and the fastening device and the sealing function are given by the installation site. If the cable / hose feedthrough without cable / hose is used as a ventilation channel, a housing feed-through for pressure equalization is obtained, wherein the air pressure equalization takes place via a pressure compensation cylinder with a semi-permeable tube membrane. The semi-permeable membrane is breathable, prevents the entry of liquid / water into the wired and / or electrical / electronic or technical housing and allows the inlet / outlet of gas / water vapor from the housing. The pressure compensation cylinder with tube membrane can be made single or multi-tube.

The Material composition of the pressure compensation cylinder depends according to the task, location and intended use and can in Principle made of plastic and / or metal. The Dimensioning of the pressure equalizing cylinder or the outlet / outlet volume is conditioned by the climatic conditions in and around the cabled and / or housing equipped with electrical / electronic or technical equipment dependent and must be determined in each case.

Of the The invention is therefore based on the object, a device according to the preamble of claim 1, a pressure equalization with Tube membrane to create the characteristics of the parent application improved so that the inlet / outlet volumes the diaphragm valve can be made adjustable.

These Object is achieved by a pressure equalization fitting of the type mentioned above with the characterizing features of Claim 1 solved. Take on advantageous embodiment the dependent claims.

As known from physical conditions, is the context the formation of moisture in enclosed spaces the h-x diagram according to Mollier, that the dependencies of pressure, Humidity and temperature of indoor and outdoor space and the Parameter behavior in case of changes. For openings of enclosures with industry standard cable entries the adjustability of the volume flow so useful that the Dimensioning question not applicable. Furthermore, the housing equipment with technology decisive for the formation of moisture and thus also for the dimensioning of the outlet / outlet flow. Last but not least, local use is a measure of the formation of moisture; so can the variety of types related to climates by means of adjustability of the gaseous media exchange be reduced.

According to the present invention, a pressure compensation fitting is proposed whose filter / membrane is given from one or more tubular membranes Dimensioning exists and the gas inlet / outlet volume flow made adjustable becomes.

The achieved with the invention advantages - in addition to the Preventing the formation of moisture precipitation within closed rooms - especially in that the cylindrical shape of the pressure equalization fitting with Pipe membrane as a pressure compensation element in terms of dimensions matched to commercially available cables and cable outer diameter for all cylindrical cable / hose penetrations - also in the alternative - for Use can come.

Farther special attention was paid to the reduction of parts, to make the storage of components manageable.

Of the The invention is based on the following as an investment attached drawings of exemplary embodiments further clarified. It show the pressure equalization fitting with tube membrane and adjustable volume flow

1 in perspective view

2 as an exploded view

3 in side view

4 in plan view

5 on average AA.

Same and equivalent components of the embodiments are each provided with the same reference numerals in the figures.

The Description of the device according to the invention will be continued based on the explanations of the figures.

How out 1 can be seen, there is the pressure compensation fitting with pipe membrane and adjustable volume flow 1 essentially from a shell 2 , a lower part 4 with O-ring seal 46 , the semipermeable tube membrane 6 as well as the screwable plug 7 , In the development of significant importance was placed on the reduction of parts, so that the pressure equalization fitting according to the invention consists essentially of upper and lower part.

The top 2 essentially provides a lid with a provided for receiving the plug reinforcement 25 which in turn has a bore with an internal thread 24 has. The border of the lid is as external hexagon 26 common key width pronounced. A circumferential chamfer 27 and vertical chamfers 28 round off the hexagon socket.

The lower part 4 is essentially pronounced as a hollow cylinder, the upper part / the cover finally receiving; the outer hexagon of the upper part finds in the lower part as a stop 41 its continuation. The vertical chamfer of the upper part is in the lower part as chamfer 50 continued. The Ab The end of the hexagon forms the cylinder ring of the stop 48 , The hollow cylindrical lower part represents the air-conditioning connection between interior and exterior space; the housing airflow passes through ventilation ducts, above 49 out or in the opposite direction. The lower part is made by external thread 43 in the housing wall with or without fixing nut 45 screwed and by means of O-ring 44 sealed.

2 shows the pressure equalization fitting with pipe membrane and adjustable volume flow as exploded view. The cylindrical lid 2 has an external hexagon as boundary 26 that in the stop 41 the hollow cylindrical housing 4 - Depending on the manufacturing method - passes and tightly closes, z. B. by a fit. The mechanical connection cover 2 /Attack 41 can be done by latching, gluing, foundation, screwing, welding, etc. - depending on the material composition. The stop 41 may also have circumferential seals or sealing lips, as well as the corresponding surface of the stop of the housing 4 , The lid border 26 closes flush with the outer edge of the stop of the cylinder housing 41 , Furthermore, the upper part has a guide 21 , z. B. in the form of molded nubs, which are also flush in the leadership of the correspondingly pronounced lower part 42 tightly adds. Half shells as a ventilation duct 49 form the air inlet / outlet to the outside of the pressure compensating fitting mounted in the housing.

The stopper 7 is pronounced as a cylinder and has an external thread 71 at the lower end of the plug into a flat cylinder as a pressure plate 73 passes over and the seal to the tube membrane 6 represents. The pressure plate can be stored loosely or firmly. A screw slot provided at the other end of the plug 72 allows the adjustment of the plug; the screw slot is over the hole 24 of the shell accessible. The screw height or depth of the plug is limited by stops; a minimum open position always ensures a minimum pressure equalization.

The tube membrane 6 is - like the flat membrane - made of porous material - usually plastic material - constructed as a hollow cylinder, such as. As polypropylene (PP), highly porous polystyrene (PS) or expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), which has a hydrophobic nature by its symmetrical pore structure, has a broad chemical compatibility, for temperatures between -40 ° C ... + 125 ° C is applicable and at a temperature of 23 ° C has a filter / membrane permeability of> 10 ml / [min × cm ² × bar]. Depending on the characteristics of the arrangement - length to diameter and tube membrane material - the introduction of support elements is required.

The sealing ring 46 is pronounced as an O-ring and seals the tube membrane 6 as a spatial parting plane against the exterior housing space.

3 shows the assembled pressure equalization fitting with pipe membrane and adjustable volume flow in side view. The assembly of 2 and lower part 4 can be made in one piece or in modules multipart and separable by different manufacturing methods, such as by snapping, gluing, friction, ultrasonic welding, screws, rivets, encapsulation, etc.

The external thread 43 is usually made metric, other thread forms are possible. The pressure compensation screw connection is fastened by means of a cut thread in the housing or by means of a through bore and counter nut 45 , A sealing / O-ring 44 seals the fitting against the housing.

In 4 the assembled pressure equalization fitting with pipe membrane and adjustable volume flow is shown in plan view. Clearly here is the screw slot 72 for adjusting the plug 7 identify. A mark on the lid surface 29 Helps with the height positioning of the plug.

For the purpose of Luftein- or exit, the lid 2 in conjunction with the lower part 4 vents 49 - here half-shells - on whose arrangement, number, diameter, bore angle depend on the task, location and intended use. These holes can be symmetrical as well as unbalanced open pronounced. The sum of the cross-sectional areas of the half shells determine the maximum air inlet / outlet.

The displayed section AA off 4 enters 5 for the representation of the pressure equalization fitting with pipe membrane and adjustable volume flow; are clearly distinguishable by different hatching the items of inventive novelty. The cover - the top 2 - lies flush and sealing on the stop 41 of the lower part 4 , The cut clearly shows the fit of the guides 21 . 42 , The reinforcement 25 takes the threaded hole 24 for the height adjustment of the plug 7 - And connected to the volume adjustment of the air flow - on.

From the sectional view clearly shows the position and the seal of the tube membrane. The mechanical storage of the tube membrane 6 takes place on the lid side by the inner guide cylinder 22 , which act both as a static element as well as a sealing element. An external support by a guide cylinder 23 gives the pipe membrane - introduced by joining technology - a higher stability. The fixation of the tube membrane can by additional aids, such. As adhesive o. The like., Take place. The other end of the tube membrane is against the lower part 4 through the sealing / O-ring 46 fixed and sealed. The anvil forms the wall of the ventilation duct 47 ,

The expression of the hollow cylindrical housing 2 . 4 in material, geometry and dimensions depends on the task, location and intended use. When dimensioning the external forces are to be considered, which seal the pressure balance cylinder and record.

Within the housing of the pressure equalization fitting and parallel to its longitudinal extent can optionally one or more supports for the tube membrane 6 to be necessary. These supports have a tight fit inside the inner cylinder and take over their leadership on the tube membrane. Number and location of the supports is determined by the static.

The number and design of the guide supports determine, among other things, the tensioned surface of the tube membrane 6 as well as the inner and outer diameter for the positioning of the guide webs. It is also conceivable for the pressure stability of the tube membrane, an outer casing and an inner filling with porous materials. Instead of the strict cylindrical arrangement, a slightly conical shape guarantees drainage in any position.

The individual parts of the assembly "pressure compensation fitting" are firmly joined together; the manufacturing methods can be different, such as latching, gluing, friction, ultrasonic welding, Screws, rivets, overmolding, etc .; the component "pressure compensation element tube membrane" can be so pronounced that they are interchangeable - like a filter cartridge - is designed. The design as a cylinder certainly forms an optimal design, but other designs also produced if required.

The mode of action of the pressure equalization fitting with tube membrane and adjustable volume flow is as follows. After installing the pressure equalization fitting as a filtering interface of two rooms - liquid barrier and gas permeability - air volumes from the space surrounding the housing via the openings 49 of the upper / lower part 2 . 4 penetrate into the interior of the pressure equalization fitting, into the cylindrical space between external threads 43 and tube membrane 6 , The further course is formed by the wall of the tube membrane in the same and from the tube membrane in the through the plug 7 limited space and over this and the ventilation duct 47 in the interior of the case.

The direction of the air exchange is dependent on the ratio of indoor to outdoor pressure and therefore also reversible at any time. The air inlets 49 of the upper / lower part 2 . 4 Depending on the task, location and intended use with liquid-repellent hoods - splash water protection - o. Ä. Provided to prevent the immediate intrusion of z. B. to avoid water. The air volumes are in addition to the pressure and temperature of the entire geometric dimensions of the pressure compensating cylinder with tube membrane and adjustable volume flow 1 dependent. For the purpose of setting / optimizing the air outlet or air pressure drop, the corresponding geometric parameters must be optimized thereby - in particular also the volume-determining inner diameter of the tube membrane 6 and the remaining inner volume of the cylindrical housing of the lower part 4 - That in the pipe membrane flow-determining volume by turning and thus Höhenverstellens the plug 7 is set.

Connected with the goal, in any case, the formation of fluid retention to prevent in housings, allows the pressure equalization fitting with tube membrane and adjustable volume flow the use of so equipped closed enclosures in all Climate zones with any significant air conditioning equipment, such as with heat generating switching and control devices or air conditioners.

One further application reference of the pressure compensation cylinder is the tube membranes have different porosities / mass transfer numbers and thus effective for different substances are.

A further advantageous embodiment of the invention results from that the pressure balance cylinder in its assembly none Laying instructions are subject.

protection before the penetration of dirt particles or water is given; even with top-head mounting is by bevelled edges or Conical instead of cylindrical shaping the drainage of water possible.

A Another embodiment of the invention provides that the Pressure compensation cylinder as a row pressure equalizing cylinder used in control cabinet construction.

According to a further embodiment of the Er Finding the pressure compensation cylinder can be mounted depending on the desired flow direction from the inside out or vice versa.

Feuchtigkeitsbenetzbare Positions of the pressure compensation cylinder should be such that drops of water can not hold due to surface tensions.

A another embodiment of the invention provides an outer jacket and an inner filling of the tubular membrane with a hydrophobic porous material, such as. As polystyrene, before, the compressive strength of the Tube membrane increase and moisture accumulation too prevent.

A further variability in volume is due to the multiplication given the 'one' tube membrane; the multi-tube membrane is - like the single-tube membrane - made of porous material - usually Plastic material - constructed as a hollow cylinder, either as a multiple single-tube membrane or as a simple multi-tube membrane. Depending on the characteristics of the arrangement - length to diameter and tube membrane number and material - is the incorporation of support elements required.

One Another area of application is the solution of pressure equalization fittings with multi-tube membranes where the membranes have different porosity possess and thus filter properties of different dense substances exhibit.

The numerous possibilities and advantages of the design The invention is reflected in the number of property rights claims contrary.

1

Pressure compensation

2

top

21

guide top

22

guide cylinder Pipe membrane, inside

23

guide cylinder Tubular membrane, outside (not shown)

24

drilling with internal thread

25

scoop, reinforcement

26

External hexagon

27

Chamfer, circulating

28

Chamfer, perpendicular

29

cover marking (not shown)

4

lower part

41

attack External hexagon

42

guide lower part

43

external thread

44

O-ring Sealing ring housing (not shown)

45

fixing nut Housing (not shown)

46

O-ring Sealing ring tube membrane

47

Ventilation duct, below

48

attack cylinder ring

49

Ventilation duct, above

50

Chamfer, perpendicular

6

Tube membrane, semipermeable

7

Plug, screwable, self-holding

71

external thread

72

screw slot

73

Printing plate, sealing

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• - DE 102006048943 [0001]
• - DE 102005035210 [0008]
• - EP 1746698 [0008]
• - DE 102005047662 [0012]
• - DE 102005055616 [0017]
• - DE 102006012998 [0020]
• - DE 102006048943 A [0023]

Claims (15)

The invention relates to a Druckausgleichsschraschraung with tube membrane for wired and / or equipped with electrical / electronic or engineering housing according to German publication, patent application DE 10 2006 048 943 , characterized in that the pressure compensation element ( 6 ) is formed as a hollow-cylindrical pressure equalization and consists of a semi-permeable tube membrane, which by the geometric arrangement of dense housing ( 2 . 4 ) and membrane given volume flow through a device ( 7 ) is designed adjustable. Pressure equalization fitting with tube membrane according to claim 1, characterized in that the two-piece screw ( 1 ) from upper part ( 2 ) - the lid - and the lower part ( 4 ) - the admission - exists. Pressure equalization fitting with tube membrane according to at least one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the semipermeable pressure compensation element ( 6 ) between upper ( 2 ) and lower part ( 4 ) - also by additional aids - tightly joined. Pressure equalization fitting with pipe membrane according to at least one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the housing parts forming the ventilation channel ( 2 . 4 ) are liquid and gas tight connected. Pressure equalization fitting with tube membrane according to at least one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that upper part ( 2 ) and / or lower part ( 4 ) via mechanical receptacles for positioning and fixing the pressure compensation element ( 6 ) feature. Pressure equalization fitting with pipe membrane according to at least one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the volume flow adjusting device ( 7 ) from a rotatable, threaded ( 24 . 71 ) is stored plug. Pipe-level pressure equalization fitting according to at least one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the plug ( 7 ) a the tube membrane ( 6 ) tightly sealed pressure plate ( 73 ) owns. Pressure equalization fitting with pipe membrane according to at least one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the adjustment of the volume flow adjusting device ( 7 ) is limited by stops for the minimum / maximum setting. Pressure equalization fitting with tube membrane according to at least one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the volume flow adjusting device ( 7 ) and pressure compensation element ( 6 ) form an assembly. Tubular pressure compensating fitting according to at least one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the assembly ( 6 . 7 ) is strengthened by guide posts. Pressure equalization fitting with tube membrane according to at least one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the pressure compensation element ( 6 ) consists of a multi-tube membrane. Tubular membrane pressure equalization fitting according to at least one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the multi-tube membrane ( 6 ) a single or common volume flow adjustment device ( 7 ) owns. Tubular membrane pressure equalization fitting according to at least one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the multi-tube membrane ( 6 ) may have single membrane specific porosities. Pressure equalization fitting with tube membrane according to at least one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the ventilation channel of the pressure compensation element ( 6 ) has been created and completed several times. Pressure equalization fitting with pipe membrane according to at least one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that semipermeable pipe membranes ( 6 ) have different porosities / passage numbers and thus are effective for different substances.