DE102008008129A1 - Guide system for sliding door or wing of door of vehicle, particularly passenger car, has two guide or slide units, which comprise guide rail and slide element contacting with guide rail - Google Patents

Abstract

The guide system has two guide or slide units, which comprise a guide rail (14,16,18) and a slide element (20,22,24) contacting with the guide rail, which conducts a relative movement to each other during the opening or closing movement of the door. The guide units for linking the wing of the door to the support structure of the vehicle, are arranged under a window opening of the slidable wing of the door.

Description

The The present invention relates to a sliding door for Motor vehicles, in particular a guidance system for Sliding doors and for their connection to the supporting structure of motor vehicles.

State of the art

sliding doors find manifold application in motor vehicles, in particular in public passenger vehicles or in large-scale transport vehicles, not least but also in vehicles that transport five and more people are designed.

From the DE 43 15 616 A1 is a swing-sliding door for vehicles known, on the inside of a door leaf is arranged substantially in the region of the horizontal center a horizontally extending track rail. In this engages a role leadership. This sliding door is designed as an external sliding door. An opening movement takes place in that first of all a door leaf is displaced outwards and at the same time obliquely upwards and is displaced along the outer wall of the vehicle. The lifting of the door is done, for example, at an angle of 45 ° obliquely upward. The drive for opening and closing the door leaf is electromechanical.

Furthermore, from the CH 510 535 a sliding on a motor vehicle hinged door known. On the upper edge of this door two arms are fixed and mounted at a horizontal distance from each other, carrying at the end of a roller with a horizontal axis as a supporting role and overlying a role with a vertical axis as a guide role. Further, a arranged on the body pivot arm is provided, whose one end is fixed by means of a hinge joint to a bearing block. At the other end of this swivel arm rollers are provided, which are guided in a fixed rail arranged on the door. This rail is mounted below the window opening of the door leaf and runs approximately in the vicinity of a horizontal part of the lower edge of the door leaf.

The both aforementioned sliding door assemblies as well as all known in the art sliding doors for motor vehicles is common that in sliding motion extending guide rails mostly in the area both the upper and the lower end portion a substantially provided in the horizontal direction sliding door. In addition, at least one of the guide rails is particularly in passenger cars Visibly arranged on the outside of the body. such Sliding door systems often fail today's requirements for beauty of form, design and Functionality.

With Such, known in the art guide systems it is beyond that for sliding doors not possible sliding doors for such vehicles to provide, which by design a frameless surround of a retractable window pane, as for example in convertibles or coupe models the case is. Namely, in such motor vehicle models a frame-side upper guide of a window pane is not provided. An upper door frame thus does not exist, which is why such motor vehicle models the use of sliding doors not possible.

task

Of the The invention is based on the object, a improved and universal guidance system for the door of a sliding door one Motor vehicle to provide, which also for Door leaves and doors with frameless supported doors Lowerable windows is suitable. The leadership system In addition, it should be particularly easy in the assembly and Be maintenance. It should also be a cost savings in production and assembly go along.

Invention and advantageous effects

The The problem underlying the invention is achieved by means of a guide system according to claim 1 and according to claim 14 and a motor vehicle according to claim 15 solved. Further advantageous aspects of the invention are in the subclaims specified.

The Inventive guide system or the guide mechanism according to the invention for a sliding door or a door leaf a sliding door of a motor vehicle, in particular a Car provided. The guide system has at least two Guiding or shifting units. Each of these leadership units has at least one guide rail and at least one with this guide rail engaged sliding element.

The Guide rail and the sliding element are in the rail direction mounted movably to each other. So the slider is either articulated body or support structure side of the vehicle while the guide rail on the sliding door is arranged. Conversely, it can be provided that the guide rail in turn, on the support structure of the motor vehicle, that is stationary, arranged is while in the engaged and at the Guide rail along movable sliding element with the sliding door directly in operative connection stands.

Slide and guide rail of a guide unit subject thus a relative movement to each other in opening and Closing movements of the door or the door leaf.

To The invention is particularly provided that all for articulation or attachment of the door leaf required on the vehicle body or vehicle support structure Guiding units below a window opening of the sliding door leaf are arranged.

On this way is achieved in an advantageous manner that now Also called frameless door leaves as a sliding door can be provided by pointing to an upper, that is, above the window opening located guide rail, can be waived. Instead of such an upper guide rail or leadership unit are now all, at least but two guide units in the lower or middle area a sliding door wing either wing side or arranged body or support structure side.

there can be provided, the door as so-called frameless door train. However, it is also possible a conventional frame door, in which the lowerable Window in its closed position from a surrounding frame is to be trained, then all to the Connection of the door leaf to the body required Guide means arranged below the window opening are.

Preferably are all for leadership or connection of the Door leaf to the support structure or body the motor vehicle required guide means in the vertical direction between or in the area of a beltline reinforcement the door and a lower sill area of the door arranged.

To a development of the invention is provided that at least two substantially perpendicular or transverse to the adjustment of the Door leaf spaced apart guide rails two according to separately arranged guide units are arranged on the inside of the door leaf. These guide rails stand with sliding elements in turn, in turn, with the support structure or with the body of the vehicle are connected.

Preferably are the engaged with the guide rails Sliding elements pivotally on the body or support structure of the vehicle hinged. Characterized in that at least two of the provided guide rails are arranged on the inside of the door leaf, can advantageously on an outside of the vehicle body usually provided guide rail can be omitted. Such Design is thus in terms of beauty, aesthetics and design of advantage.

Of the The actual guiding mechanism is here for not visible to the user. In all, the outer contour or forming the outer surface of the vehicle Body parts can therefore guide rails be formed. Such an arrangement of in the inner door area integrated guide rails is just for small vehicles advantageous. In particular, if the area between a Door wing articulation point and one in the opening direction the door leaf spaced therefrom end portion of the vehicle is shorter than the door leaf itself. In that regard, the arrangement according to the invention of at least two vertically spaced apart ones Guide rails on the inside of the sliding door leaf especially for small cars of the largest Use.

To a development of the invention are a total of at least three Guide units, each with guide rail and a sliding member engaged therewith. From these three leadership units is just one of the three provided guide rails body or support structure side arranged. The remaining guide rails are attached directly to the sliding door.

From The advantage here is that the only body or support structure side provided guide rail in the lower region of the door opening, arranged in the so-called sill area of the motor vehicle support structure.

Farther is provided that one of the door leaf side provided guide rails in final assembly position about comes to lie at the level of the sill area and then while vertical, that is substantially perpendicular to Rail alignment and opening movement, offset to provided on the body side guide rail on the inside of the door leaf is arranged.

there is provided in particular that the two in the sill area door leaf side and supporting structure side provided Guide rails reciprocally via sliding elements engage each other. So are on each front and rear end portion of both, about the same height lie coming door wing side and body side Guide rails pivot arms hinged to one ends hinged to one end portion of a guide rail and the other ends a pivotally mounted sliding element have, which in the respective other associated guide rail held or guided in it.

The door leaf side and body side in the sill area provided guide rails, their associated sliding elements and the corresponding pivot arms form in one projection Kind of parallelogram arrangement, whereby when opening and Closing the door essentially the pivot arms move synchronously to each other.

To A particularly advantageous aspect of the invention is in the lower Area, that is in the sill area, door leaf side provided guide rail with her in the closing direction the door front end section above a front pivot arm on the associated body side Rail hinged. This front pivot arm is pivotable at the front end portion in the closing direction of the door side Rail articulated and is by means of a in the body or load-structural side Guide rail slidably mounted slider with respect to the support structure or the body displaced. A corresponding reverse connection is also within the scope of Invention.

Of It is further provided that the rear end portion of the door leaf-side guide rail over a rear pivot arm with the support structure side guide rail is coupled. This coupling is done by means of the rear pivot arm reverse to that of the front pivot arm. While the rear swivel arm pivotally pivots one end to the bodywork or support structure side guide rail pivotally mounted and by means of a sliding element to the door leaf side Guide rail displaceable, has the Front swivel arm a correspondingly different type of configuration on. This is then pivotable on the door leaf side Guide rail hinged and can by means of the other end on Swivel arm provided sliding element in the body or support structure side Guide rail are moved. A correspondingly reversed Arrangement of the articulation or sliding points of the pivot arms on the support structure side or door leaf-side guide rail is also within the scope of the invention.

Farther is provided that the third, for hinging door leaf provided on the vehicle door, guide unit an inside of the door, preferably in Area of a belt line of the motor vehicle arranged Guide rail has, with one at a rear upper pivot arm mounted slider is engaged. The Guide system accordingly has two rear, that is in the opening direction forward pivot arms of which one in the area of the waistline and one in the area of the sill swivel on the body or the Supporting structure of the motor vehicle is articulated.

The both rear, that is in the opening direction front pivot arms, are so with the vehicle support structure and the door-side guide rails connected, that they are in opening and closing movements of the Door always synchronous and aligned almost parallel to each other.

The preferably three provided pivot arms are especially when opening the door is designed to open the door first in the vehicle transverse direction of the designated door frame to move before the door when moving over a behind in the opening direction part of the vehicle body is transferred to its final position. While closing the door experiences the door a correspondingly opposite movement through which the Door leaf after completion of a him moving Movement by the swiveling movement that can be initiated by the swivel arms in the space provided door frame of the vehicle body is moved in the vehicle transverse direction.

It is provided that the sliding movement along the guide rails and the swivel movement provided by the swing arms not simultaneously, but sequentially when opened and closing the door. Corresponding Safety mechanisms are therefore also for the invention Guidance system provided.

To a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention is the in the area of the waistline on the inside of the door provided guide rail of a door inner lining, especially covered or covered by an armrest. In this way, the functionality of this can Guidance system arranged in the region of the beltline reinforcement almost invisible to the user in the door structure to get integrated.

It is particularly provided that these in the upper part of the lower Door leaf half on the door leaf arranged guide rail a downwardly open C- or U-profile has. The corresponding, with this profile engaged slider thus engages from below in this guide rail. The one with this slider engaged swivel arm is therefore also below of the slider and thus below the guide rail to lie.

Also in the sill area door leaf side and / or body side provided guide rails are also U-shaped or C-shaped profile. However, the opening of the profile in the vehicle transverse direction. The guided in the guide rails sliding elements are thus supplied by the arranged guide rails overlapped from above and from below.

Farther is provided according to the invention that all, at least but some of the guide rails of the guidance system are formed completely straight. As an exhilaration of the door leaf above the previously described Swing arms can be done, according to the guide system of the invention the provision of appropriately bent, a deflection oblique to the actual displacement movement making shaping the guide rails dispensable. In this way can significantly reduce manufacturing and assembly costs become.

To Another independent aspect relates to the invention a sliding door guidance system Motor vehicle with three guiding or shifting units, which in each case at least one guide rail and with the guide rail engaging sliding element exhibit. At least two guide rails are different Guide or shift units parallel to each other and mutually vertically offset on the inside of the sliding door arranged.

Also relates to the invention with the invention and previously described guidance system equipped motor vehicle, in particular a car, in particular a small car for transport of at least 2, but not more than 4 people.

embodiments

Further Objectives, features and advantageous applications The present invention will be described with reference to the following Embodiment explained with reference to the drawings. In this case, all described and / or pictorial form features shown in their meaningful combination of the subject the present invention, also independent of the claims and their remittances. Show it:

1 an interior perspective view of a door leaf according to the invention,

2 a door according to 1 cut vertically,

3.1 to 3.9 an interior perspective view of the sliding door in nine individual representations when opening the door and

4.1 to 4.9 Views of the opening movement according to 3.1 to 3.9 from underneath.

The guidance system according to the 1 to 4 is for a sliding door 10 a motor vehicle with a lowerable window pane 12 intended. As in particular on the basis of 1 and 2 clarified, are on the sliding door 2 substantially parallel guide rails 14 . 16 arranged with associated sliders 20 . 22 in operative connection. The sliders are each on swivel arms 26 . 30 hinged, in turn, on pivot axes 28 . 32 are rotatably or pivotally mounted on the motor vehicle support structure or the vehicle body pivotally. The other two ends of the swivel arms 26 . 30 provided sliders 20 . 22 are in turn also assigned to, preferably parallel to the vehicle vertical axis extending axes of rotation or pivot axes 38 . 40 pivoted.

The outer contour of the respective sliders 20 . 22 is the inclusion of the guide rails 14 . 16 customized. The guide rails 14 . 16 as they are in 2 are shown in cross-section, have a substantially U- or C-like cross-section, wherein in the region of the opening boundary on the profile legs inwardly projecting extensions are formed. These are intended to release the sliding elements 20 . 22 prevent.

In the closing direction in the front end portion, that is in the in 1 to lie right end section of the door is another swivel arm or pivot lever 34 intended. This is about a pivot on the swing arm 34 mounted slider 24 with a arranged in the sill area of the body guide rail 18 engaged. Other ends is this front swivel arm 34 rotatably mounted on one of the door leaf side guide rails 16 hinged. But it can also be attached directly to the door inner panel. The swivel arm is on a pivot axis 42 on in 1 not explicitly shown in 4.3 but clearly recognizable slider 24 stored.

The two in the lower, that is provided in the sill area of the door guide rails 16 . 18 and their associated pivot arms 30 . 34 form a parallelogram-like arrangement. While the front swivel arm 34 in the bodywork or supporting structure side guide rail 18 over a slider 24 is guided, is for the lower, provided in the rear region of the door swing arm 30 a corresponding sliding bearing means of the slider 22 in the on the door 10 provided guide rail 16 realized.

The front swivel arm 34 is also pivotable on the inside of the door leaf 10 hinged. Preferably, the guide rail provided on the door leaf forms 16 a pivot point for the front pivot arm 34 in the region of one of its end sections, which is thus an axis of rotation 36 for the front swivel arm 34 forms. Accordingly, the below, provided in the sill area, rear arm is also 30 over a rotation axis 32 rotatably articulated to the body or to the support structure of the vehicle.

This articulation point can be directly on the body-side guide rail 18 , But also be provided elsewhere on the body or support structure of the vehicle.

The two rails provided in the sill area 18 . 16 each have a C-like cross-sectional profile, wherein the profile openings come to lie facing each other. In addition, the guide rails 16 . 18 slightly offset with respect to the vertical axis of the vehicle or the door, in particular not arranged overlapping.

This slightly staggered arrangement allows the two guide rails 16 . 18 in a closed position of the door as space-saving as possible can overlap each other at least partially overlapping.

The other, provided on the door guide rail 14 has shown the cross-sectional view in 2 a downwardly open C-profile-like geometry. With the rail 14 is a movable along the rail slider 20 in engagement, which has an inner contour of the rail corresponding outer contour with left and right side guide grooves, in which the inwardly directed projections come to rest in the region of the lower profile edge. The slider 20 is about the pivot axis 38 swiveling on the swivel arm 26 stored. The swing arm itself is in turn on the pivot axis 28 rotatably hinged to the vehicle body or the support structure of the vehicle.

Above the guide rail 14 is an interior trim element 44 arranged the door leaf or the door. The interior trim element is in particular an armrest 44 question. In this way, the guide rail 14 be integrated into the door structure in a way that is almost invisible to the user.

In the 3.1 and 4.1 In particular, the opening movement of the door leaf is illustrated in successive successive views. In the 3.1 to 3.5 such as 4.1 to 4.5 a pivoting movement of the door leaf required at the beginning of an opening movement is shown successively. The door is first in one in the 3.5 and 4.5 shown swung position procedure. The individual pivot arms cause this 26 . 30 . 34 upon occurrence of a corresponding displacement force which is exercisable by the user on the door, a pivoting movement, which is moved as a result of the door both in the vehicle longitudinal direction and primarily in the vehicle transverse direction.

Once in the 3.5 respectively. 4.5 shown end position of the pivoting movement is achieved by a corresponding release or securing mechanism, the traversing movement of the individual sliding elements 20 . 22 . 24 in the enclosing guide rails 14 . 16 . 18 Approved. The door leaf 10 can in this way along the only body-side guide rail 18 to be moved.

During this movement, the pivoting mechanism of the individual pivot arms 26 . 30 . 34 disabled, so that ensures a pivoting of the door 10 can only be done again when the door is open 10 is again in the amount of the designated body-side door receipt. When provided for opening the door sliding movement, as shown in the 3.6 to 3.9 respectively. 4.6 to 4.9 is exemplified, slides the slider 24 in the body side provided guide rail 18 , while the two door leaf side guide rails 14 . 16 in the over the swivel arms 26 . 30 exhibited and reproduced in the figures partly hidden sliding elements 22 . 20 be guided. For the sake of simplicity is in the 4.1 to 4.9 the bottom of the rail 14 engaging slider 20 not explicitly shown.

Alternatively to the embodiment shown in the figures, instead of a parallelogram-like arrangement of the two provided in the sill area and thus below the door panel guide rails are also provided to form the body-side rail as a form of rail, for example, a front, from the pivot arm 34 provided pivoting or Ausstellmechanismus allows adjustment of the sliding door in the vehicle transverse direction.

10

door

12

windowpane

14

guide rail

16

guide rail

18

guide rail

20

Slide

22

Slide

24

Slide

26

swivel arm

28

swivel axis

30

swivel arm

32

swivel axis

34

swivel arm

36

swivel axis

38

swivel axis

40

swivel axis

42

swivel axis

44

Interior trim element

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 4315616 A1 [0003]
• - CH 510535 [0004]

Claims (15)

Guide system for a sliding door ( 10 ) or a door leaf of a motor vehicle, in particular of a passenger vehicle, with at least two guide or displacement units, each of which has at least one guide rail ( 14 . 16 . 18 ) and one with the guide rail ( 14 . 16 . 18 ) engaged sliding element ( 20 . 22 . 24 ), which perform a relative movement to each other during an opening or closing movement of the door, wherein all guide units required for articulating the door leaf to the supporting structure of the motor vehicle are arranged below a window opening of the displaceable door leaf. Guide system according to claim 1, wherein at least two transversely or perpendicular to the adjustment of the door leaf spaced apart guide rails ( 14 . 16 ) of two guide units are arranged on the inside of the door leaf. Guide system according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a total of three guide units are provided, of which a guide rail ( 18 ) is arranged on the support structure of the motor vehicle. Guide system according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the provided on the support structure of the motor vehicle guide rail ( 18 ) is arranged in the lower region of the motor vehicle body, in particular in the sill region. Guide system according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a door leaf side provided guide rail ( 16 ) comes to lie in the amount of the sill area of the door and vertically offset from the support structure side guide rail ( 18 ) is arranged. Guide system according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the door leaf side provided in the sill area guide rail ( 16 ) with its in the closing direction of the door front end portion via a pivot arm or pivot lever ( 34 ) on the support structure or on the support structure side rail ( 18 ) is articulated. Guide system according to claim 6, wherein the articulation point of the front pivot arm ( 34 ) by means of a sliding element ( 24 ) on or along the support structure side guide rail ( 18 ) is movable or adjustable. Guide system according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the rear end portion of the door leaf side guide rail ( 14 . 16 ) via a rear pivot arm ( 26 . 30 ) is coupled to the support structure of the vehicle or to the body thereof. Guide system according to claim 8, wherein the rear pivot arm ( 26 . 30 ) is hinged pivotally one end to the support structure of the motor vehicle and other ends with a door leaf side arranged guide rail ( 14 . 16 ) engaged sliding element ( 20 . 22 ) is coupled. Guide system according to one of claims 3 to 9, wherein the third guide unit has an inside on the door leaf, preferably in the region of a belt line of the motor vehicle door arranged guide rail which is connected to a rear upper pivot arm ( 26 ) mounted sliding element ( 20 ) is engaged. Guide system according to one of the preceding claims, wherein all guide rails ( 14 . 16 . 18 ) of the guide units are rectilinear or extend accordingly. Guide system according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the door leaf ( 10 ) is frameless. Guide system according to one of the preceding claims, wherein in the region of a belt line on the inside of the door ( 10 ) provided guide rail ( 14 ) of a door interior trim element ( 44 ), in particular of an armrest, covered or covered. Guiding system for a door leaf of a sliding door of a motor vehicle with at least three guide or displacement units, each of which has a guide rail ( 14 . 16 . 18 ) and one with the guide rail ( 14 . 16 . 18 ) engaged sliding element ( 20 . 22 . 24 ), wherein at least two guide rails ( 14 . 16 . 18 ) of different guide units arranged parallel to each other and spaced vertically offset from each other are arranged on the inside of the door leaf. Motor vehicle, in particular passenger cars with at least one sliding door and a guidance system according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 14.