DE102007063062A1 - Method for the disinfection of the ballast water of ships against algae, fungi, bacteria and other microorganisms, comprises supplying removed and/or discharged ballast water through a homogenizer provided with a stator and a rotor - Google Patents
Method for the disinfection of the ballast water of ships against algae, fungi, bacteria and other microorganisms, comprises supplying removed and/or discharged ballast water through a homogenizer provided with a stator and a rotor Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DE102007063062A1 DE102007063062A1 DE102007063062A DE102007063062A DE102007063062A1 DE 102007063062 A1 DE102007063062 A1 DE 102007063062A1 DE 102007063062 A DE102007063062 A DE 102007063062A DE 102007063062 A DE102007063062 A DE 102007063062A DE 102007063062 A1 DE102007063062 A1 DE 102007063062A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- ballast water
- homogenizer
- rotor
- stator
- microorganisms
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 title abstract description 4
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 title abstract description 3
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 title abstract description 3
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 title abstract 2
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 7
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009281 ultraviolet germicidal irradiation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003115 biocidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003139 biocide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005202 decontamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003588 decontaminative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008141 laxative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002475 laxative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010297 mechanical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005226 mechanical processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000053 physical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/34—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage with mechanical oscillations
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
- C02F1/32—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation with ultraviolet light
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/34—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage with mechanical oscillations
- C02F1/36—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage with mechanical oscillations ultrasonic vibrations
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/008—Originating from marine vessels, ships and boats, e.g. bilge water or ballast water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/03—Pressure
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/04—Disinfection
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physical Water Treatments (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Entkeimen des Ballastwassers von Schiffen.The The invention relates to a method for sterilizing the ballast water of ships.
Die Verschleppung von Arten in Gebiete außerhalb ihrer natürlichen Verbreitung durch Schiffe ist ein großes ökologisches Problem. Dabei erfolgt das anthropogene Einbringen gebietsfremder Arten etwa durch Anhaften am Schiffrumpf oder auch durch das Aufnehmen und Ablassen von Ballastwasser, wobei insbesondere mit dem Ballastwasser eine große Anzahl von oftmals einzelligen Individuen, z. B. Algen, Pilzen, Bakterien und andere Mikroorganismen, eingeschleppt werden können.The Carryover of species into areas outside their natural habitat Spreading through ships is a major ecological problem. there the anthropogenic introduction of alien species takes place, for example Adhering to the hull or by picking up and dumping of ballast water, in particular with the ballast water a size Number of often unicellular individuals, e.g. Algae, mushrooms, Bacteria and other microorganisms can be introduced.
Um die ubiquitäre Verbreitung gebietsfremder Arten einzudämmen und das Vorkommen mariner Organismen auf deren natürlichen Verbreitungsgebiete zu beschränken, werden zunehmend Anstrengungen unternommen, das in den Schiffskörper aufgenommene Ballastwasser von Organismen zu reinigen oder im Ballastwasser auftretende Organismen abzutöten, damit diese sich in artfremden Gebieten nicht ausbreiten und das dort vorhandene Ökosystem nicht stören können.Around the ubiquitous To control the spread of alien species and the occurrence of marine species Organisms on their natural To restrict distribution areas, Efforts are increasingly being made to incorporate into the hull To clean ballast water from organisms or occurring in ballast water Kill organisms, so that they do not spread in alien areas and the there existing ecosystem do not bother can.
Eine allgemeine, kurze Übersicht über invasive gebietsfremde Arten, deren Verbringung durch Schiffe und Maßnahmen zur Vermeidung der Einschleppung gebietsfremder Arten ist im FORSCHUNGS Report 2/2003 des Bundesministeriums für Verbraucherschutz, Ernährung und Landwirtschaft wiedergegeben (S Gollasch, J Gröger. Im Schiff unerkannt über die Weltmeere. Artverschleppungen – Gefahrenpotenzial und Gegenmaßnahmen im marinen Bereich. ebd.). Zu den dort erwähnten Gegenmaßnahmen gehören a) mechanische Verfahren, z. B. Filtration, Rotation, b) physikalische Verfahren, z. B. Erwärmung, UV-Bestrahlung oder Ultraschall-Bestrahlung und c) chemische Verfahren.A general, brief overview of invasive non-resident species, their movement by vessels and measures to prevent the introduction of alien species is in the RESEARCH Report 2/2003 of the Federal Ministry for consumer protection, nutrition and Agriculture reproduced (S Gollasch, J Gröger.) In the ship unrecognized over the Oceans. Species kidnappings - danger potential and countermeasures in the marine area. ibid.). To the countermeasures mentioned there belong a) mechanical processes, eg. B. filtration, rotation, b) physical Method, for. B. heating, UV irradiation or ultrasound irradiation; and c) chemical methods.
Die bekannten Verfahren leiden an dem Nachteil, dass diese entweder selbst schädlichen Einfluss auf Ökosysteme ausüben (insbesondere die unter c) genannten chemischen Verfahren) oder bei hohem apparativem und hohem energetischem Aufwand nur eine unzureichende Entkeimung, d. h. Abtötung der im Ballastwasser vorhandenen Organismen, ermöglichen (z. B. bei UV-Bestrahlung).The known methods suffer from the disadvantage that these either even harmful influence on ecosystems exercise (in particular the chemical processes mentioned under c)) or with high equipment and high energy expenditure only an insufficient Sterilization, d. H. killing the organisms present in the ballast water (eg in the case of UV irradiation).
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es daher ein einfaches und effizientes Verfahren zum Entkeimen von Ballastwasser auf Schiffen bereitzustellen.task The invention therefore is a simple and efficient method to provide decontamination of ballast water on ships.
Die Aufgabe wird durch das Verfahren mit den in Anspruch 1 genannten Merkmalen gelöst. Die Unteransprüche geben vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung wieder.The The object is achieved by the method with the mentioned in claim 1 Characteristics solved. The dependent claims give advantageous embodiments of the invention again.
Grundgedanke der Erfindung ist es, von einem Schiff aufgenommenes oder von einem Schiff abgelassenes Ballastwasser vor dem Einbringen in Ballastwassertanks bzw. vor Abgabe an die Umwelt durch einen mit einem Stator und einem Rotor versehenen Homogenisator zu führen, wobei die durch den zwischen dem Stator und dem Rotor ausgebildeten Spalt geführten Organismen durch die auf sie einwirkenden Scherkräfte und/oder die dort auftretende Kavitation zerrissen und abgetötet werden.basic idea The invention is recorded by a ship or by a Ship deflated ballast water prior to introduction into ballast water tanks or before delivery to the environment by one with a stator and a Rotor provided to pass homogenizer, which by the between the stator and the rotor formed gap guided organisms by the Shear forces acting on them and / or the cavitation occurring there are torn and killed.
Selbstverständlich ist es auch möglich, das in die Tanks aufgenommene Ballastwasser einer kontinuierlichen oder einer periodischen Behandlung mit dem Homogenisator zu unterwerfen, wobei der Homogenisator selbst im Tank oder in einer Leitung angeordnet sein kann, die das Ballastwasser aus dem Tank zum Homogenisator und vom Homogenisator wieder in den Tank führt.Of course it is it also possible the ballast water taken up in the tanks of a continuous or periodic treatment with the homogenizer, wherein the homogenizer itself is placed in the tank or in a pipe can be that the ballast water from the tank to the homogenizer and back into the tank from the homogenizer.
Bevorzugt kann die Abtötungsrate, also die Effektivität des Homogenisators mit die Organismen abgetötet werden können, durch Einstellen der Spaltbreite des Homogenisators, der Drehgeschwindigkeit des Rotors und/oder des Drucks des dem Homogenisator zugeführten Wassers eingestellt werden.Prefers can the kill rate, So the effectiveness of the homogenizer with which the organisms can be killed by Adjusting the gap width of the homogenizer, the rotation speed of the Rotor and / or the pressure of the homogenizer supplied water be set.
Zusätzlich kann vorgesehen sein, dass das Ballastwasser filtriert wird bevor es dem Homogenisator zugeführt wird. Dadurch können Mikroorganismen und Schwebstoffe bereits vor der mechanischen Zerkleinerung durch den Homogenisator abgefangen und eine Kontamination des Ballastwassers mit Lebewesen vermieden werden. Gleichzeitig dient die vorgeschaltete Filtration auch als Schutz vor der Beschädigung des Homogenisators durch Objekte, die einen maximalen Durchmesser haben, der größer als das durch Rotor und Stator vorgegebene Spaltmaß ist, und die nicht durch den Homogenisator zerkleinert werden können.In addition, can be provided that the ballast water is filtered before it supplied to the homogenizer becomes. Thereby can Microorganisms and suspended solids already before mechanical comminution trapped by the homogenizer and contamination of the ballast water be avoided with living things. At the same time serves the upstream Filtration also as protection against damage to the homogenizer by Objects that have a maximum diameter larger than that is predetermined by rotor and stator gap, and not by the homogenizer can be crushed.
Besonders bevorzugt ist dem Homogenisator eine Nachbehandlungsstufe für das mit dem Homogenisator behandelte Ballastwasser nachgeschaltet. Dieses kann eines der aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten biozid-wirkenden Verfahren, wie z. B. UV- oder Ultraschall-Bestrahlung, sein oder aber ein weiterer Homogenisator, wobei das Spaltmaß des weiteren Homogenisators von dem Spaltmaß des ersten Homogenisators verschieden, besonders bevorzugt kleiner, ist.Especially Preferably, the homogenizer is a post-treatment step for with followed by the homogenizer treated ballast water. This may be one of the biocidal agents known from the prior art Method, such. As UV or ultrasound irradiation, or be another Homogenizer, the gap of the other homogenizer from the gap of the first Homogenizer different, particularly preferably smaller, is.
Die
einzige
Dem
Homogenisator
Dem
Homogenisator
Obwohl
die Leitung
Als besonders wirkungsvoll hat sich herausgestellt, wenn ein Homogenisator mit einem Spaltmaß zwischen Stator und Rotor von wenigstens 5 μm verwendet wird.When Particularly effective has been found when using a homogenizer with a gap between Stator and rotor of at least 5 microns is used.
Claims (2)
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102007063062A DE102007063062A1 (en) | 2007-03-27 | 2007-12-21 | Method for the disinfection of the ballast water of ships against algae, fungi, bacteria and other microorganisms, comprises supplying removed and/or discharged ballast water through a homogenizer provided with a stator and a rotor |
EP08004883A EP1975130A3 (en) | 2007-03-27 | 2008-03-15 | Method for removing plant growth from ballast water in ships |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE202007004274 | 2007-03-27 | ||
DE202007004274.4 | 2007-03-27 | ||
DE102007063062A DE102007063062A1 (en) | 2007-03-27 | 2007-12-21 | Method for the disinfection of the ballast water of ships against algae, fungi, bacteria and other microorganisms, comprises supplying removed and/or discharged ballast water through a homogenizer provided with a stator and a rotor |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE102007063062A1 true DE102007063062A1 (en) | 2008-10-23 |
Family
ID=39768080
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE102007063062A Withdrawn DE102007063062A1 (en) | 2007-03-27 | 2007-12-21 | Method for the disinfection of the ballast water of ships against algae, fungi, bacteria and other microorganisms, comprises supplying removed and/or discharged ballast water through a homogenizer provided with a stator and a rotor |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE102007063062A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2012003815A2 (en) | 2010-07-07 | 2012-01-12 | Vysoké učeni technické v Brně | Device for killing microorganisms in liquids |
-
2007
- 2007-12-21 DE DE102007063062A patent/DE102007063062A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2012003815A2 (en) | 2010-07-07 | 2012-01-12 | Vysoké učeni technické v Brně | Device for killing microorganisms in liquids |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
8127 | New person/name/address of the applicant |
Owner name: THOMAS POREP - BERND MAMEROW GBR (VERTRETUNGSB, DE |
|
8139 | Disposal/non-payment of the annual fee |