WO2008037351A2

WO2008037351A2 - Water treatment plant

Info

Publication number: WO2008037351A2
Application number: PCT/EP2007/007915
Authority: WO
Inventors: Peter Koch; Maximilian Steinkellner; Christof Tallian; Gerhard Schuch
Original assignee: Peter Koch; Maximilian Steinkellner; Christof Tallian; Gerhard Schuch
Priority date: 2006-09-26
Filing date: 2007-09-11
Publication date: 2008-04-03
Also published as: EP2078174B1; EP2078174A2; EP2078174B8; DE102006045773A1; WO2008037351A3

Abstract

The invention relates to a water treatment plant (100) and a water treatment method which are particularly suitable for treating drinking water against legionellae. In order to be able to effectively reduce the number of legionellae in the drinking water as easily as possible and without using chemical additives, the water treatment plant (100) comprises a hot water treatment plant (A) that is arranged in a circulation circuit of a hot water system and is provided with a reactor system (R) encompassing a reaction tank (4), into which at least some of the water flowing in the circulation circuit is conducted, and a circulation system (Z). The circulation system (Z) is fitted with a cavitator device (9) to which at least some of the water is fed that is conducted into the reaction tank (4), said water being redirected into the reaction tank (4) after flowing through the cavitator device (9). The cavitator device (9) is designed to generate, in a regulated manner, gas cavitation in the water fed via the feed pipe system, while the reaction tank (4) is designed to degas the water fed from the cavitator device (9) via the return pipe system such that the water conducted through the reactor system (R) is then fed back to the circulation circuit of the hot water system as water that is low in oxygen and CO2.

Description

Wasseraufbereitunqssvstem

The present invention relates to a water treatment system, in particular for Legionella treatment of drinking water, wherein the water treatment system comprises a disposed in a circulation circuit of a hot water system hot water treatment system. Furthermore, the invention relates to a process for the treatment of water, in particular for Legionella treatment of hot or cold water.

Various devices and methods for treating drinking water are known from the prior art. In particular, chemical disinfection and sterilization are used. Legionella treatment plays an important role in this context. Legionella are aquatic Gram-negative non-sporulating bacteria that are motile by one or more flagella. Since all Legionella are considered to be potentially pathogenic to humans, and since, in addition, heated water forms optimal conditions for the propagation of Legionella, measures to reduce Legionella are to be provided in particular in hot water production and hot water distribution systems, swimming pools.

For the installation and operation of drinking water heating and drinking water piping systems (hereinafter simply referred to as "hot water system"), the DVGW worksheet W 551 on the "technical measures to reduce legionella growth" from April 2004. Then, at the interface between the hot water system and the hot water consumer, such as the shower or the tap, a constant temperature of at least 60 ⁰ C are kept. Furthermore, in hot water systems with a circulation circuit, the hot water temperature in the system must not fall by more than 5 ^° C compared to the outlet temperature. Thus, the return temperature of the circulation in the water heater must be at least 55 ⁰ C.

Although there is currently no limit to the level of Legionella in drinking water, the Legionella content should not exceed 100 CFU / ml in order to minimize the risk of infection. However, even with a salary of 1 CFU / ml contaminated the drinking water. Accordingly, there is a need to provide in drinking water heating and drinking water piping systems, especially in hot water systems with a circulation circulation an optimal measure for Legionellenverminderung.

From the prior art are known as measures for Legionellenverminderung particular ultrafiltration, thermal disinfection, chemical disinfection and electrochemical disinfection. Ultrafiltration uses modules with ultrafiltration membranes through which the drinking water to be treated passes. The retention rate of the membrane used is usually about 0.02 microns, so that all particles larger than 0.02 microns, are removed from the water to be treated. In order to achieve a separation effect with an ultrafiltration module, the rectilinear flow of the line system is hydraulically or electromechanically blocked and the water is passed through the wall of the membrane capillary to the outside. The filtered pure water is collected via a cladding tube surrounding the ultrafiltration module and passed through a connection to the supply system as absolutely bacteria-free and low-virus water. The disadvantage of ultrafiltration systems for water treatment is, in particular, the fact that such systems are complex in terms of installation, so that not only the initial investment but also the running operating costs of such systems are quite high. Above all, ultrafiltration systems are only of limited suitability for retrofitting an existing drinking water heating and drinking water pipeline system.

In the thermal disinfection Legionella contained in drinking water are killed by the drinking water is briefly heated to about 70 ⁰ C. However, in order to be able to guarantee a safe legionella-free supply of hot water distribution systems, it is necessary for the thermal disinfection to heat up the entire pipeline network, including the removal fittings, to more than 70 ^° C. for at least three minutes. Here too, the plant technology requirements for operating a thermal disinfection system must be mentioned as a disadvantage.

In chemical disinfection, the Legionella contained in drinking water is killed by the addition of chemicals, these chemicals must be water-sensitive chemicals. Under the German drinking For this purpose, chlorine dioxide is frequently used as a disinfectant. In contrast to chlorination and electrochemical processes, a sustainable disinfection is achieved here, as the biofilm in the pipelines is demonstrably decomposed in the pipelines as permitted by the Drinking Water Ordinance. However, the use of chlorine dioxide has the disadvantage that this can also lead to corrosion of the piping system. Furthermore, the water quality is significantly reduced in the chemical disinfection; This applies in particular to those water treatment plants in which a bacterial or Legionella treatment takes place only by adding chemicals.

In electrochemical disinfection, the oxidizing power of the water is exploited by splitting the water molecules with the aid of electrodiafragm analysis. Particular attention must be paid to pH neutrality in this process, since otherwise (as in the case of chemical disinfection), pipe corrosion can possibly occur in the drinking water system. However, electrochemical disinfection is technically not yet fully developed. Furthermore, water treatment plants with which on the basis of electrochemical disinfection bacterial or Legionella treatment takes place, technically quite complex and expensive.

In summary, it should be noted that the measures described above, known from the prior art for legionella treatment of drinking water are often no longer carried out without large and costly construction effort in an existing hot water system sustainable, if the consideration of these measures due to planning and / or Execution errors were initially missed, or if it is an older system, so that a proper operation of such a system can not be guaranteed. Also, the chemical treatment methods are sometimes problematic because the quality of the drinking water is considerably reduced by the addition of chemicals. Furthermore, the permitted amount of chemicals that may be added to the drinking water is limited by national guidelines, standards, etc., so that under certain circumstances, the Legionellenproblematik can not be fully taken care of. On the basis of the described problem, the present invention, the object of the invention is therefore to provide a device and a method for water treatment and in particular for Legionella treatment of drinking water, which as simple as possible and without the use of chemical additives in a manner effective reduction of Legionellenanteils in drinking water allows. In particular, a water treatment system (device and method) should be specified, which can also be used without major construction effort later in an existing hot and / or cold water system.

With regard to the water treatment system, the object is achieved according to the invention by the subject matter of claim 1 and alternatively by the subject matter of claim 17. With regard to the method, the object is achieved according to the invention by the subject matter of claim 15 and alternatively by the subject matter of claim 23.

The invention is based on the idea of providing a device with a water treatment system comprising a hot water treatment system arranged in a circulation circuit of a hot water system, said water treatment system comprising: a reactor system having a reaction tank into which at least a portion of the circulating fluid flows Water is passed; and a circulation system comprising a supply line system connectable to the reaction tank, a return line system connected to the reaction tank, and a cavitating device disposed between the supply and return line systems, wherein at least a portion of the water fed into the reaction tank is supplied to the cavitating device via the supply line system the passage through the Kavitatoreinrichtung is returned via the return line system back to the reaction tank, wherein the Kavitatoreinrichtung the hot water treatment system is designed to produce in a controlled manner in the water supplied via the feed pipe system gas cavitation, and wherein the reaction tank of the hot water treatment system is designed to degas the recirculated water via the return line system from the Kavitatoreinrichtung so that the guided through the reactor system at least a part of the circulating in the circulation running water flowing in particular as oxygen and low-CO ₂ water then the circulation circuit of the hot water system is supplied again. The invention is further based on the idea of specifying a method in which a controlled gas cavitation is first of all generated in the water to be treated in a regulated manner and subsequently the gaseous components dissolved in the water to be treated are separated off.

The solution according to the invention has a number of significant advantages over the known from the prior art and measures described above for Legionella treatment of drinking water. The essence of the invention is to set an environment of oxygen depletion and CCV reduction in the drinking water to be treated, in order to produce a nutrient-poor, hydrocarbon-free water in the most effective but nevertheless easy to implement manner, which does not provide food for amoebae or stored in the water Legionella represents more. According to the invention, the drinking water to be treated is treated (degassed) in such a way that in drinking water the living conditions for bacteria or legionella are drastically worsened. Thus, the solution according to the invention is a measure with which, especially without the use of chemicals, the bacterial and Legionella population in drinking water can be kept at a level that is harmless to health.

As used herein, the term "cavitator means" is generally understood to mean a fluidically designed rig in which very high lateral accelerations occur in the water passed through and to be treated by the cavitator means.These lateral accelerations have various effects on the flowing medium, such as occurrence By the conversion of the pressure energy into speed energy effected in the Kavitatoreinrichtung differences of up to 10 bar can be produced.At the prevailing arbitrarily adjustable pressure conditions in the Kavitatoreinrichtung can thus in the flowing medium (ie in the drinking water to be cleaned) targeted Gas cavitations are caused.

In gas cavitation, pressure fluctuations create voids in the fluid which are filled with the gaseous components dissolved in the fluid. Due to the cavity artificially generated in the Kavitatoreinrichtung in the drinking water to be purified thus there is the possibility to split off the gaseous components usually dissolved in the drinking water from the drinking water. The physical development remote from the gaseous components split off from the liquid to be treated is then carried out in the reactor system or in the reaction tank of the reactor system to which the treated in the Kavitatoreinrichtuπg water is supplied via the return line system.

The inventive method for the treatment of drinking water is a particularly effective, yet easy to implement measure to eliminate bacteria, etc. from drinking water. In the apparatus according to the invention, with which the process for drinking water treatment is carried out, it is a plant-technical realization, the components required for this purpose are characterized in particular by the fact that they can be retrofitted in a circulation circuit of a hot water system as needed, without this special structural measures are required.

Advantageous developments with regard to the water treatment system according to the invention are given in the dependent claims 2 to 14 and with regard to the method according to the invention in the dependent claim 16.

Thus, in a particularly preferred embodiment of the water treatment system according to the invention, it is provided that, in addition to the hot water treatment system, it further comprises a cold water treatment system arranged in a cold water inlet of the hot water system. This cold water treatment system in this case has a reactor system with a reaction tank into which at least a portion of the hot water system via the cold water inlet cold water is fed, and a circulation system, which can be connected to the reaction tank feed line system, connected to the reaction tank return line system and an intermediate the cavitating device arranged at the supply and return line system, wherein at least part of the water fed into the reaction tank is fed to the cavitating device via the supply line system and returned to the reaction tank after passing through the cavitating device via the return line system. In an advantageous manner, the reactor and circulation system of the cold water treatment system is functionally identical to the reactor or circulation system of the hot water treatment system. Accordingly, in this preferred embodiment, the Kavita- gate device of the cold water treatment system is designed so that they are regulated Way in the supplied via the supply line system cold water can generate a gas cavitation. Furthermore, the reaction tank of the cold water treatment system is designed to degas the returned via the return line system of Kavitatoreinrichtung water so that the passed through the reactor system at least a portion of the water through the cold water inlet to the hot water system is supplied as in particular oxygen and low-CO ₂ cold water.

In the above-described preferred further development of the water treatment system according to the invention, which also includes a cold water treatment system in addition to the hot water treatment system, therefore, a treatment of the hot water in the circulation water circuit of the hot water system takes place via the cold water treatment system treatment of the cold water inlet for hot water preparation and the hot water treatment system. With these two treatment stages, the bacterial and especially Legionella component in the drinking water discharged from the hot water or cold water system can be eliminated in a particularly effective manner.

With regard to the cavitating device of the hot water treatment system and / or the cold water treatment system, it is advantageously provided that the water treatment system is equipped with a cold water treatment system in addition to the hot water treatment system that the cavitation device is designed such that the gas cavitation is in the center of the flow cross section of the supplied via the corresponding supply line system water is generated. This is an advantageous further development of the cavitation device with which the flow in the corresponding cavitator device or in the outlet of the cavitator device is specially designed, so that the region of cavitation remains in the center of the flow cross section, thus avoiding increased mechanical stresses the limiting surfaces, such as the inner wall of Kavitatoreinrichtung, the pipe inner walls, etc., call out. Suitable measures to keep the gas cavitation in the center of the flow cross-section are known from fluid mechanics and will not be described further here.

Furthermore, the cavitating device of the hot water treatment system and / or of the cold water treatment system is preferably when the water treatment takes place. tion system is equipped with a cold water treatment system, designed to generate in the over the corresponding supply line system water pressure fluctuations preferably between 0.9 to 6 bar (absolute). This is in particular a cavitator device with which almost any pressure conditions and associated speed ratios can be set in the fluid flowing through the cavitator device. Thus, it is possible, in particular, to influence the physical equilibrium ratios (but also the solubilities of certain substances) in the drinking water to be purified. Said pressure range between 0.9 to 6 bar is a preferred pressure range; Of course, pressure fluctuations are conceivable, such as between 0.5 to 10 bar (absolute).

With regard to the circulation system of the hot water treatment system or the cold water treatment system, if the water treatment system is equipped with such a system, it is provided in a preferred realization that the circulation system has a first controllable pump in the corresponding supply line system and preferably (but not necessarily) also has a second controllable pump in the return line system. The first pump is advantageously a pressure-controlled pump, this serving to supply the drinking water to be treated from the reactor system of Kavitatoreinrichtung. The second (optional) provided pump in the return line system is used to accurately adjust the amount of water supplied to the reactor system (or the reaction tank) and the circulation caused during the feed. The second pump thus assumes the function of a circulation pump and is frequency-controlled in an advantageous manner.

Preferably, the reaction tank of the hot water treatment system has a first connection connectable to the circulation circuit of the hot water system to supply at least a portion of the water flowing in the circulation circuit to the reaction tank, a second connection connectable to the supply line system of the circulation system, to the cavitating device of the hot water treatment system into the reaction tank supplied water, at least one connectable to the return line system of the circulation system third port to supply the guided through the Kavitatoreinrichtung the hot water treatment system water back to the reaction tank, and one with the circulating onskreislauf the hot water system connectable fourth port to supply the particular oxygen and low-CO ₂ water to the circulation circuit again.

Similarly, in a case where the water treatment system is equipped with the cold water treatment system in addition to the hot water treatment system, the reaction tank of the cold water treatment system has a first port connectable to the cold water supply to at least a part of the cold water to be supplied to the hot water system supplying to the reaction tank a second port connectable to the flow line system of the circulation system to supply the cavitating device of the cold water treatment system the cold water directed into the reaction tank, at least one third port connectable to the recirculation system of the circulation system around the water passed through the cavitating device of the cold water treatment system supply the reaction tank, and having a connectable to the cold water inlet fourth port to the cold water inlet in particular oxygen - and low-CO ₂ water to supply the hot water system.

Such a reaction tank, which is used according to the two last-mentioned preferred embodiments of the water treatment system according to the invention for the hot water treatment system or cold water treatment system is known in principle from the prior art and allowed by design a high deposition rate of gaseous ingredients of the water to be treated, if this is desired. The reaction tank can be operated both in DC operation and in countercurrent operation, so as to adjust the residence time of the introduced water in the reaction tank accordingly. Preferably, it is provided that the at least one third connection, which serves to feed the water passed through the cavitating device of the hot or cold water treatment system back to the corresponding reaction tank, tangen- tial in the reaction tank opens, thus in the reaction tank to a circular vortex flow generate, wherein accumulate the deposited gas components in the middle of the vortex.

In order to be able to catch the gas separated from the treated water in the reaction tank, the latter preferably has a funnel-shaped gas inlet in the head area. catching device, which is connected to a fifth port to catch the deposited in the reaction tank from the water gases and discharge accordingly.

The preferred developments of the solution according to the invention described above relate to measures with which the bacterial and in particular Legionella growth in the drinking water can be reduced via a purely mechanical treatment of the drinking water. With the described mechanical processing stages, and in particular with the relaxation and cavitation in the cavitating device in the water to be treated, an effective degassing and hydrocarbon reduction can be effected. Furthermore, the increased surface tensions in the drinking water to be treated caused by the cavitator device also mean that biofilms can no longer build up in the piping system, and degradation of existing biofilms can be effected.

In a preferred further development of the water treatment system described above, which has purely mechanical treatment stages, it is provided to use chemical treatment stages in addition to these mechanical treatment stages. It would be conceivable that the circulation system of the hot water treatment system and / or the cold water treatment system, when the water treatment system according to the invention is equipped with such a cold water treatment system, further comprising an oxidation stage with a metering device for the controlled metered addition of an oxidant in the water flowing in the circulation system. In this preferred development, therefore, mechanical and chemical treatment stages are combined with one another, so that initially the livelihood of the bacteria or Legionella in the treated water is drastically impaired in the mechanical treatment without the use of chemicals etc., and in the downstream or simultaneously occurring chemical treatment, the remaining bacteria in the drinking water or Legionella be killed by controlled admixing of an oxidizing agent.

In the chemical treatment, which is preferably used in combination with the mechanical treatment described above, it is particularly preferred that the cavitator device of the hot water treatment system or the cold water treatment system be used to regulate the function of the oxidation state metering device. Admixing the oxidizing agent in the flowing water in the circulation system takes over. In this case, the Kavitatoreinrichtung is designed so that it comes in addition to the pure generation of gas cavitation in the water to be treated in the admixture or addition of oxidants used. Of course, it would also be conceivable to use other devices, such as metering pumps, injectors, etc. for metering.

In a preferred further development of the last-mentioned embodiments, in which an oxidation stage is used in addition to the mechanical treatment stage in the water treatment system, it is provided that ozone is used as the oxidizing agent, wherein the reactor system of the hot water treatment system or cold water treatment system further comprises an ozone destruction device, through which the in the reaction tank separated gaseous components are performed in order to split the originally supplied and then split off again ozone into innocuous or harmless oxygen molecules.

Furthermore, it would be conceivable that the hot or cold water treatment system further comprises an ozone monitoring device to determine the ozone content in the water discharged from the reactor system.

With regard to the method, it is provided in a particularly preferred further development that an oxidizing agent is added to the water to be treated at the same time as the gas cavitation is generated in the water to be treated, which then removes again from the water with the separation of the gaseous components becomes.

According to an independent aspect of the invention, there is disclosed and claimed a water treatment system having a hot water storage and at least two circulation circuits respectively connected to the hot water storage, of which a first circulation circuit has one or more water withdrawal points and a second circulation circulation at least one cavitation device second circulation circuit is connected in the flow of Kavitatoreinrichtung with a cold water supply. An advantage of the invention is that the hot water tank is not only used as a volume storage for peak load coverage due to its large volume, but also serves as a reaction vessel. For this purpose, both circulation circuits are connected to the hot water tank, wherein the second circulation circuit has at least one Kavitatoreinrichtung and is connected in the flow of Kavitatoreinrichtung with the cold water supply. This means that the invention advantageously both the cold water, which is heated before use and then flows to the consumer, and the circulation water are treated by the Kavitationseinrichtung. Overall, the invention achieves an excellent hydrothermal Legionella treatment which can be used as a replacement for conventional legionella treatment in which heating of the hot water storage tank to 70 ^° C. is performed several times a day or several times a week as required. In the hydrothermal Legionella treatment according to the invention, the energy is not introduced by heat from the outside into the system, but by the Kavitato- device in which the supplied cold water undergoes a targeted or directed cavitation. The water cavitates, causing local extremely high temperatures and pressure fluctuations (temperatures up to 10,000 ⁰ C, pressure fluctuations up to 1000 bar), so that Legionella bacteria are destroyed. In addition to this purely mechanical treatment stage, degassing is carried out, for example in the hot water storage tank, which may have a degassing device for this purpose. By degassing, the water chills change, so that the water is low in nutrients and the Legionella die off due to lack of food in the dead lines. In addition, the enormous energy input also alters the molecular structure of the water, which leads to increased capillary action and rinses out and destroys existing biofilms. Due to the high selective energy direct entry into the water, the bacterial cell walls (cell membranes of the microorganisms) are also torn, so that the germs in the water are reduced. The altered capillary action causes the water to penetrate deeper into the encrustations on the conduit walls and flushes out the biofilm.

Preferably, the second circulation circuit is connected in the flow of Kavitatoreinrichtung with a supply for one or more additives, in particular an oxidizing agent and / or nitrogen. At the same time, the cavitator serves as an oxidizing agent because radicals in the water are generated by the high im- plusion effect in the cavitator device, which supports the degerming process. This allows the Supply for oxidant and / or nitrogen a comparatively simple and very effective disinfection by metering ozone. The following homogenization in the Kavitatoreinrichtung a nearly complete memory cleaning and excellent circulation disinfection is ensured.

Another advantage of the invention is that a multiple treatment of the circulation water and an even more frequent treatment of the cold water is made possible.

Advantageously, the hot water tank on a venting device, whereby a maximum degassing of the process water and repeated Legionellenprophylaxe is achieved.

In each case a pump can be arranged in the flow and / or in the return of the Kavitatoreinrichtung. As a result, the lack of hydraulics in existing hot water circuits is easily solved and kept the temperature difference from flow to return of the hot water less than 3 K.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the Kaltwasserzu- supply is not circulating connected to the cold water supply to a water outlet, the cold water supply line has a flushing line, which can be opened and closed by an automatically operable shut-off. The flushing line and the automatically operable shut-off device associated with the flushing line ensure that stagnation of cold water in the area of the water extraction point is avoided. In conventional systems, the cold water is heated by prolonged stagnation by the room heat, so there is a risk of Legionella formation. This danger is avoided in the embodiment according to the invention in that the cold water supply line can be automatically rinsed, so that an increase of Legionella is reliably avoided.

The flushing line can be connected to an outlet of the water extraction point. For example, the flushing line is connected to the trap (siphon) or with the shower cup of a shower, so that an easy disposal of stagnant cold water from the cold water supply is possible. The above-described embodiment with rinsing function is claimed both in connection with the water treatment system and independently thereof in the form of a service water system with at least one water outlet, which has a cold water supply and is connected to a KaIt- water supply, the cold water supply a purge line, which can be opened and closed by an automatically operable shut-off.

In the following, preferred embodiments of the water treatment system according to the invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. With these embodiments, various implementations of the water treatment system according to the invention are shown in order to improve the understanding of the inventive solution. In no way should the attached drawings serve as a limitation of the invention.

Show it:

Figure 1 is a schematic representation of the water treatment system according to the invention according to a first preferred embodiment.

FIG. 2 shows a schematic illustration of the water treatment system according to the invention in accordance with a second preferred embodiment; FIG.

3 shows a schematic representation of the water treatment system according to the invention according to a third preferred embodiment;

4 shows a schematic representation of the water treatment system according to the invention according to a fourth preferred embodiment;

5a, b is a longitudinal sectional or cross-sectional view of a reaction tank for the reactor system of the hot or cold water treatment system and

6 shows a schematic representation of the water treatment system according to the invention according to a further embodiment. FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of the inventive water treatment system 100 according to the first embodiment. The water treatment system 100 has a hot water treatment system A arranged in a circulation circuit of a hot water system. The hot water system has a hot water boiler 14 with a preferably electric heater 15 and a circulation circuit in which the water heated in the hot water boiler 14 circulates. The circulation circuit of the hot water system further comprises at least one extraction point 21, which forms an interface of the hot water system to a not explicitly shown end user (shower, faucet, etc.). As shown in Fig. 1, the hot water system or the hot water boiler 14 of the hot water system is further connected to a water meter 1 and a pressure reducer 2 having cold water supply line. If necessary, cold water is supplied to the circulation circuit of the hot water system via this cold water supply line, for example, when hot water is tapped from the circulation circuit via the at least one removal point 21 by the end user.

At the outlet of the hot water boiler 14 and at the last removal point 21, a temperature sensor 23.1 and 23.2 is provided in each case, which serve to detect the temperature of the water flowing in the circulation circuit. The corresponding measured values of the sensors 23.1 and 23.2 are transmitted to a controller 5, which controls the operation of the hot water system and the hot water preparation system A. Specifically, the controller 5 controls the heater 15 of the hot water boiler 14 such that the difference between the detected with the respective temperature sensors 23.1 and 23.2 temperature values is not greater than 3 ⁰ C, and the detected with the sensor 23.1 outlet temperature at the outlet of the hot water boiler 14 at least 60 should be ⁰ C.

The hot water treatment system A comprises a mechanical treatment stage for bacterial and legionella treatment of the hot water flowing in the circulation circuit of the hot water system, which essentially comprises a reactor system R with a reaction tank 4 and a circulation system Z with a cavitator device 9. In the reaction tank 4 of the reactor system R at least a portion of the warm water flowing in the circulation circuit of the hot water system is passed. For this purpose, the reaction tank 4 has a with the circulation Circuit of the hot water system via a check valve 3 connectable first port 4.1, via which at least a portion of the flowing water in the circulation circuit is fed to the reaction tank 4.

The circulation system Z of the hot water treatment system A according to FIG. 1 has a supply line system connectable to the reaction tank 4 via a second connection 4.2 and via further shut-off valves 3, a return line system connected to the reaction tank 4 via a third connection and a cavitator device arranged between the supply and return line systems 9, wherein at least part of the water fed into the reaction tank 4 is fed to the cavitating device 9 via the supply line system and returned to the reaction tank 4 after passing through the cavitating device 9 via the return line system.

The Kavitatoreinrichtung 9 provided in the circulation system Z is designed in terms of flow mechanics such that, if required, gas cavitation is caused in the water flowing through the cavitating device 9 in a controlled manner, the gas cavitation area advantageously remaining in the center of the flow cross section in order to increase the mechanical resistance To avoid stresses on the Kavita- gate device 9 and the return line system.

In detail, the cavitation device is designed to vary the pressure in the water flowing through the cavitation device between about 0.9 bar (negative pressure) and about 6 bar (overpressure), so that degassing of the water is brought about via the expansion and cavitation , which leads to a reduction of hydrocarbons in the water to be treated.

As shown in FIG. 1, a first pump 8.1 that can be controlled by the controller 5 is provided at the entrance of the cavitator device 9, by which means the water is supplied from the reaction tank 4 to the cavitator device 9. Advantageously, the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 1 is designed such that, in addition to the degassing of the circulation water, the circulation water temperature is adjusted by temperature or pressure. For this purpose, a pressure sensor 22.1 is arranged in the inlet to the reactor system R or to the reaction tank 4. Further pressure sensors 22.2 and 22.3 are arranged in the circulation system Z of the hot water treatment system A, in the supply line system upstream of the cavitating device 9 and in the return line system downstream of the cavitating device 9. The pressure sensors are also generally designated in FIGS. 1 to 4 by the reference symbol "P".

The corresponding measured values of the pressure sensors 22.1 to 22.3 are transferred in an advantageous manner to the controller 5 which, depending on the circulation water temperature detected by the temperature sensors 23.1 and 23.2, correspondingly controls the pumps 8.1 to 8.3 provided in the hot water preparation system A in order to effect a circulation water temperature adjustment. The aforementioned pumps 8.1 to 8.3 are the first pump 8.1 provided in the circulation system Z upstream of the cavitator device 9, the second pump 8.2 provided downstream of the cavitator device 9 in the circulation system Z and the third pump 8.3 provided at the outlet of the hot water preparation system A. , However, the number and arrangement of the pumps 8.1 to 8.3 in the hot water treatment system A or in the circulation circuit of the hot water system may also be different from those shown in Fig. 1. In general, the pumps used in the exemplary embodiments according to FIGS. 1 to 4 are designated by the reference symbol "FU".

By the circulation water temperature adjustment is achieved that the temperature difference between the water temperature at the outlet of the hot water boiler 14 and the last extraction point 21 is less than (or equal to) 3 ⁰ C, so as to meet the prescribed requirements for the establishment and operation of drinking water heating and drinking water pipe systems (See the regulations set out in DVGW Worksheet W 551).

Furthermore, the degassing performance of the reactor system R and the circulation system Z, which is effected in the embodiment of FIG. 1 with a corresponding control of provided in the hot water treatment system A pumps 8.1 to 8.3, controlled by monitoring the dissolved oxygen in the treated hot water , For this purpose, an oxygen sensor 20 is provided at the outlet of the hot water treatment system A, which communicates with the controller 5 in data communication. 2 shows a schematic view of a second preferred embodiment of the water treatment system 100 according to the invention. As shown, the water treatment system 100 of the second embodiment has a hot water treatment system A according to FIG. 1. In addition to this hot water treatment system A, a cold water treatment system B, which is arranged in a cold water inlet to the hot water system or to the hot water boiler 14, is also provided in the system according to FIG. 2.

Since the hot water treatment system A in FIG. 2 is structurally and functionally identical to the hot water treatment system A of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1, a detailed description of the individual components of the hot water treatment system A according to the second embodiment will be omitted here.

The cold water treatment system B in the water treatment system 100 shown in FIG. 2 comprises a reactor system R having a reaction tank 4 into which at least a portion of the cold water supplied to the hot water system via the cold water inlet is fed, and a circulation system Z which is connectable to the reaction tank 4 Supply line system, a return line system connectable to the reaction tank 4 and a cavitator device 9 arranged between the supply and return line systems, at least part of the water fed into the reaction tank 4 being supplied to the cavitator device 9 via the feed line system and after passing through the cavitator device 9 is returned to the reaction tank 4 via the return line system. Since, in functional and structural terms, the reactor system R and the circulation system Z of the cold water treatment system B substantially correspond to the reactor system R or circulation system Z of the hot water treatment system A, the same reference numerals are used for the same components of the hot and cold water treatment system A, B. Furthermore, in order to avoid repetition, a more detailed description of the components provided in the cold water treatment system B is dispensed with.

Fig. 3 shows a third preferred embodiment of the water treatment system 100 according to the invention, which differs from the embodiment shown in Fig. 2 in that for bacterial and Legionellenbekämpfung in the Hot water system or the hot water boiler 14 supplied cold water in addition to the mechanical processing stage of the other a chemical treatment stage is provided.

For this purpose, the chemical treatment stage of the cold water processing system B according to FIG. 3 has an oxidation stage OX via which ozone is metered in a controlled manner into the water flowing in the circulation system Z of the cold water treatment system B. In detail, the oxidation stage OX has a device 5 which can be controlled by the controller 5 for producing ozone 11 to 13 and a metering device 9, 10 for the controlled metered addition of the ozone used as the oxidizing agent. The device for generating ozone 11 to 13 in this case comprises an air filter 13, is filtered over the sucked or supplied ambient air, an ozone generator 12 for generating ozone-enriched air from the filtered ambient air and a flow meter 11 with micro-switch.

Although in principle metering pumps, injectors, etc. can be used as metering device, it is preferred in the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 that the function of the metering device be taken over by the cavitator device 9 of the cold water preparation system B, wherein an entrance of the cavitator device 9 via a non-return valve 10 the output of the means for generating ozone 11 to 13 is connected. Thus, in the illustrated in Fig. 3 third embodiment of the water treatment system 100 according to the invention for a chemical treatment of the hot water system or hot water boiler 14 cold water supplied via the Kavitatoreinrichtung 9 of the cold water treatment system B, the oxidant ozone in the circulation system Z of the cold water treatment system B to be treated cold water.

After admixing the ozone in the Kavitatoreinrichtung 9 of the cold water treatment system B, the cold water to be treated is recycled via the return line system of the circulation system Z to the reaction tank 4, where a degassing takes place. The gaseous constituents separated in the reaction tank 4 are collected by the funnel-shaped gas collecting means provided in the reaction tank 4 and fed via the fifth outlet 4.5 to an ozone destruction unit 7 in which the ozone contained in the discharged gas is neutralized or chemically converted into oxygen molecules, etc. The correspondingly mechanically and chemically treated cold water in FIG. 3, which is to be supplied via the fourth connection 4.4 of the reaction tank 4 and via a corresponding pipeline system to the hot water system or the hot water boiler 14 of the hot water system, initially passes through a further ozone destruction unit 19 is provided in the piping system which connects the fourth port 4.4 of the reaction tank 4 with the hot water boiler 14 of the hot water system. The ozone killer 19 may comprise, for example, an activated carbon filter, through which the treated cold water is passed, and which serves as a catalyst for the chemical neutralization of any ozone still present in the treated cold water. In order to be able to monitor the ozone content in the treated cold water at the outlet 4.4 of the reaction tank 4, an ozone sensor 24, which is connected to the controller 5, is provided upstream of the ozone destroyer 19. Thus, if required, the ozone killer 19 can be switched on in order to ensure that the cold water ultimately supplied to the hot water boiler 14 no longer has dissolved ozone.

4 shows a fourth preferred embodiment of the water treatment system 100 according to the invention. The embodiment shown in FIG. 4 substantially corresponds to the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, with the exception that in the system shown in FIG. 4 in the hot water treatment system A Furthermore, a chemical treatment stage is provided. This chemical treatment stage comprises an ozone generator system 11 to 13, an ozone metering device in the form of the cavitator device 9 and a total of two ozone killers 7, 19 whose operation is essentially identical to the functioning of the corresponding components of the cold water treatment system B.

5a shows a longitudinal section of the reaction tank 4 of the reactor system R for the hot water treatment system A and the cold water treatment system B according to the preferred embodiments of the present invention. FIG. 5b shows a cross-sectional view of the reaction tank 4 shown in FIG. 5a on the line A-A shown in FIG. 5a.

As shown, the reaction tank 4 has a first connection which can be connected to the circulation circuit of the hot water system or to the cold water inlet 4.1 to supply at least a portion of the water flowing in the circulation circuit or the hot water system to be supplied to the cold water reaction tank 4. Furthermore, a second connection 4.2, which can be connected to the supply line system of the circulation system, is provided in order to supply the water, which is not explicitly shown in FIG. 5, to the cavitating device 9 which is not explicitly shown in FIG. In order subsequently to recirculate the water conducted through the cavitator device 9 back to the reaction tank 4, a third connection 4.3, which can be connected to the return line system of the circulation system Z, is also provided on the reaction tank 4. In FIG. 5a, a fourth connection 4.4, which can be connected to the circulation circuit of the hot water system or to the cold water supply, is also provided in order to circulate the water produced in the reactor system R and circulation system Z, in particular oxygen and CO _{2, into} the circulation circuit to supply to the hot water system.

It is further shown in FIG. 5a that a funnel-shaped gas collecting device is provided in the top region of the reaction tank, which is connected to a fifth connection 4.5 in order to trap and remove the gases separated from the water in the reaction tank 4.

Although in the embodiment shown according to Rg. 5, the reaction chamber over its length has a uniform diameter, it is also conceivable to choose, for example, a heart-shaped arrangement of the reaction chamber. With regard to the mode of action of the reaction chamber, reference is made to the document EP 1 294 474 A1.

In the following, the individual components of the embodiments shown in the Rguren 1 to 4 will be described in detail.

The provided in the cold water inlet water meter 1 is used for consumption billing when the cold water inlet is connected to the local water supply of a municipal water supplier, for example. The following pressure reducer 2 serves to adjust the internal pressure at the interface. The shut-off valves 3 provided in the cold water and hot water preparation system B, A are standard products which, in particular with regard to the maintenance of the individual Components of the cold water treatment system B or hot water treatment system A serve.

The reaction tank 4 of the hot water treatment system A and the cold water treatment system B has the task on the one hand to ensure contact and mixing between the drinking water to be treated and the optionally metered oxidizing agents (if a chemical treatment stage is provided), and on the other hand, the residence time for the expiration of Water treatment required chemical, chemical-physical or purely physical processes to ensure. The reaction tank 4 thus takes on two tasks, namely on the one hand to provide a degassing, while on the other hand, the optionally introduced oxidizing agent is mixed as well as possible with the drinking water to be treated. In pure mixing operations but also in Ausgasungsvorgängen a computational residence time of 3 to 5 minutes in the reaction tank 4 is sufficient. Depending on the application, residence times of up to 20 minutes may be required for the course of chemical and / or chemical-physical processes.

Due to its construction, the reaction tank 4 can be driven both in DC operation and in countercurrent operation. It is essential that there is a high separation of gaseous ingredients, if so provided and desired. The deposition of the gaseous constituents in the reactor system R or reaction tank 4 is ensured by an adequately formed funnel in the reaction tank 4. Furthermore, the inlet openings (third connections 4.3) are made tangential to the reaction tank 4 behind the cavitating device 9, so that a flow funnel is formed inside the reaction tank 4, which also has a positive influence on the degassing caused in the reaction tank 4, wherein in the center the flow funnel is formed reinforced blistering.

The residence time of the water in the reaction tank 4 is adjusted by the tank size; On the other hand, it would also be conceivable that by introducing appropriate "beds", which may be constructed, for example, of plastic or of mineral materials, the contact time is set or extended accordingly. The reaction tank 4 has at the uppermost point a vent 6, so that the gas produced by the high pressure and cavitation bubbles in the reaction tank 4 can escape from the water to be treated. If a chemical treatment stage is provided, this vent 6 serves to allow the ozone-containing air introduced with the cavitator device 9 to escape again.

Since, for health reasons, ozone compounds must not remain in the treated drinking water, and furthermore, since the ozone-containing air discharged from the reaction tank 4 can not easily be released to the outside air, it is important that the ozone, which may be contained in the exhaust air , to destroy. This can be done by heating the exhaust air with an air heater or for example by filtering the exhaust air using a biofilter or activated carbon filter.

The oxidation state OX consists of the unit for metered addition of oxidant 9, 10, the reaction stage 4 and the plant parts 7, 19, which ensure sustainable destruction of the oxidizing agent, if necessary. In addition to potassium permanganate and chlorine compounds, ozone can be advantageously used as the oxidizing agent, with the advantages of ozone being the high degree of aggressiveness and thus the high reaction rate. A disadvantage is the attack on many materials, which has the consequence that more corrosion phenomena occur, but also the possible negative effects when ozone-containing water is drunk by people or comes into contact with them. Therefore, after treating the drinking water with ozone, it is necessary to ensure that ozone is no longer in the water. For this purpose, it would be conceivable to filter the water with an activated carbon filter (ozone reducer 19), so that the ozone is dissolved due to the catalytic action of the activated carbon. On the other hand, it would also be conceivable to deliberately mix in hydrogen peroxide, so that the ozone is destroyed by a chemical transformation.

The ozone addition should be for a pure disinfection at 0.5 mg ozone per liter of water. For the conversion and decomposition of organic compounds in the water or in the system of a hot water circulation line concentrations of about 1 to 2 mg of ozone per milligram of dissolved carbon in the water may be required. Usually, the ozone is generated by UV lamps or corresponding discharge lamps. The metered addition of the oxidizing agent can be carried out via appropriate devices such as metering pumps, injectors, etc. In the solution according to the invention, however, the cavitating device 9 is used for this, since the advantages of the variable conditions, such as pressure and velocity conditions, up to cavitation should be used. The amount of ozone addition depends on the raw water quality and the required amount of hot water. Before the water in the hot water preparation system A continues to flow in the boiler 14 for hot water production, the residual ozone destruction is ensured by means of an activated carbon filter. This is followed by ozone monitoring (ozone sensor 24) to ensure that no ozone enters the water heater. The metered addition of ozone is regulated by law or an overdose can lead to unwanted metal oxidation. For the ozone concentration, a quantity-dependent, time-controlled or ozone-dependent control is conceivable.

In the case of the first embodiment of the solution according to the invention shown in FIG. 1, the monitoring of the oxygen dissolved in the processed drinking water results in a possibility of minimizing the operating times. The direct display and utilization of the dissolved oxygen content and the associated milieu of the survival space of the bacteria or Legionella is controlled in this way and deliberately kept poor. The outgassing is the higher, the more temperature has taken from the circulation circuit of the hot water system water. For the outgassing and the reduction of the CO ₂ - and the oxygen content, the temperature can also be lowered to about 5O ⁰ C, which has the advantage that at these temperatures, the risk of loss of carbonate hardness and operating costs are reduced.

The invention is not limited to the preferred embodiments of the water treatment system 100 described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5. Rather, any combinations of the individual components are conceivable with each other.

Another embodiment of the invention is shown in FIG. The water treatment system shown in FIG. 6 is distinguished, in principle, by a combined arrangement for treating the cold water, which is supplied for feeding into a hot water tank. circuit is used, and the hot water circulation circuit itself off. The essential components of the system according to FIG. 6 are the hot water storage tank 10 ', which is connected to at least two circulation circuits II ¹ , 12' and the cavitator device 14 '. Here, the first circulation circuit II ^{1 is designed} as a hot water circuit. The second circulation circuit 12 'is designed as a cold water circuit. Both circuits II ¹ , 12 'are connected to the hot water tank 10'. In this case, the flow of the hot water circuit with an upper portion of the hot water tank 10 'is connected (first circulation circuit H ¹ ). In the flow of the first circulation circuit II ¹ (hot water), a first pump 25 ', in particular an FU-controlled (frequency converter-controlled) pump is arranged. In the flow and return of the pump 25 'each shut-off valves are provided. Furthermore, the pump is followed by an ozone meter and a temperature sensor. The first circulation circuit IT or the hot water circuit has a plurality of water extraction points 13 ', which are also connected to a temperature sensor 27'b. The return line of the first circulation circuit 11 is connected to the lower area of the hot water storage tank 10 '.

The hot water tank 10 'has a trained in conventional form thermal energy supply in the form of a heat exchanger 28' on.

The second circulation circuit 12 'is designed as a cold water circuit and includes a branched line 30'a, which is connected to the cold water supply line 20' another water outlet 21 '. This is not a circulation circuit, but a stagnation line, which will be discussed in more detail below. The second circulation circuit 12 ', ie the cold water circuit is also connected to the hot water tank 10', wherein a flow of the second circulation circuit 12 'with an upper portion of the memory 10' and a return of the second circulation circuit 12 'with a lower portion of the hot water tank 10' are connected. Two pumps 18 ', 19 "are provided both in the supply line and in the return line of the cold water circulation circuit 12'. Between the two pumps 18 ', 19', the cavitating device 14" is arranged in the cold water circulation circuit 12 '. In the flow direction in front of the cavitator device 14 'is a supply 16' for one or more additives, in particular an oxidant and / or nitrogen provided such that in the second circulation circuit 12 'fed additives in the Kavitatoreinrichtung 14' are homogeneously distributed. The second cold water Circulation circuit 12 'forms a closed circuit together with the hot water tank 10'.

The two pumps 18 ', 19' are each associated with bypasses 30'b, 30'c, which can be connected via a shut-off element 31 '. Further shut-off valves 32 'are respectively arranged in front of and behind the two pumps 18', 19 '. The two pumps 18 ', 19' are each associated with pressure sensors 27'c.

All the sensors 26 ', 27'a, 27'b, 27'c shown in FIG. 6 are connected to a central control unit 33'. The same applies to the FU-controlled pumps 18, 19 and the pressure sensor 27c. As can be seen in FIG. 6, the hot water storage tank 10 'has a degassing device 17', which is arranged in the upper region of the hot water storage tank 10 '.

The already mentioned branch line 30'a is connected to the cold water supply line 20 'of a water removal point 21' and indeed connected non-circulating. The cold water supply line 20 'has a purge line 22', which can be opened and closed by an automatically operable obturator 23 '. The purge line 22 'is connected to the drain 24' of the water outlet 21 '. The automatically actuatable obturator 23 'can comprise, for example, a time-controlled solenoid valve which empties or purges the cold water supply line 20' at predetermined time intervals by opening and closing the purge line 22 '. The drain for the purge line 22 'can open into the siphon or odor trap of a sink or simply into the free flow of a shower or bath.

The function of the system according to FIG. 6 is as follows.

The cold water, which flows into the hot water tank 10 'for hot water treatment, passes through the Kavitationsbehandlungseinheit (BaIs Liquid System TM Legio) several times, until it comes to the exit from the hot water tank 10'. This sterilizes the water and removes nutrients. The core of the treatment unit or of the sterilization system is the cavitation device 14 'or the cavitation reactor, which is also referred to as a nanothermic treatment unit. In the cavitation device 14 ', the supplied cold water undergoes a directed cavitation, whereby the water cavitates and local extreme conditions prevail. see, ie temperatures up to 10.00O ⁰ C and pressure fluctuations up to 1000 bar. This is also referred to as nano thermal process operation through the selective power direct entry into the water and the associated directional cavitation Implosionstemperaturen to 10,000 ⁰ C and vacuum zones to 1000 bar. In this case, bacterial cell walls, ie cell membranes of microorganisms are torn and there is a microbial reduction in the water. To the mechanical treatment stage in the form of Kavitatoreinrichtung 14 'is additionally the degassing through the degassing 17' of the hot water tank 10 '. The Kavitatoreinrichtung 14 'also serves as an oxidation aid, since radicals are generated in the water by the high implosion effect, which support the degermination process. Subsequently, the molecular structure of the water is changed by the large energy input, resulting in increased capillary action and rinses existing biofilms and destroyed. The cavitator device 14 'is also used to perform a simple and effective disinfection by metering ozone.

The treatment of the hot water circulation circuit 11 'takes place in the same way, since the first circulating circuit 11' also flows into the hot water tank 10 '. This has the advantages of having two problem areas in a common unit, i. the hot water tank 10 'and the Kavitatoreinrichtung 14' treated and effectively freed from Legionella and other biological stress.

The Legionellenprobleme in cold water associated with the warm-up at long stagnation times are reduced or eliminated by the timed purging, via the central control unit 33 '. By rinsing the deposition of the forming plankton and thus the extensive formation of biofilm is avoided, the temperatures are kept substantially smaller than 2O ⁰ C. The advantages of the system according to the invention can be seen in, among other things, a safe function and control of the system. The treatment works without chemical additives and without irradiation, whereby it can not be ruled out that additives may be added by the cavitator device 14 'in order to enhance the already strong disinfecting effect. Through the system, there is no inadmissible change of drinking water. The process or the system are suitable for each pipe material. The system is easy to install without major construction effort and enables easy operation. The existing circulation pump can be omitted. The inventive system also allows easy retrofitting of existing facilities and comes with a low operating temperature (55 ° C storage temperature). Due to the low operating costs and the high energy savings, since no more thermal treatment is required, the system works very efficiently. The system also requires little service and maintenance, so that human resources can be saved. If necessary, a simple disinfection can be carried out by integrating an ozone connection.

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Claims

claims

A water treatment system (100), in particular for legionella treatment of drinking water, wherein the water treatment system (100) comprises a hot water treatment system (A) arranged in a circulation circuit of a hot water system, comprising: - a reactor system (R) with a reaction tank (4) , at least one

Part of the circulating water flowing in the water is passed; and a circulation system (Z) having a feed line system connectable to the reaction tank (4), a return line system connected to the reaction tank (4), and a cavitator device (9) disposed between the flow and return line systems, at least a portion of which is in the reaction tank (4) fed water of Kavitatoreinrichtung (9) via the supply line system and after passing through the Kavitatoreinrichtung (9) via the Rücklaufleitungssys- system back to the reaction tank (4), wherein the Kavitatoreinrichtung (9) of the hot water treatment system (A) designed is to generate a gas cavitation in the water supplied via the supply line system in a regulated manner, and wherein the reaction tank (4) of the warm water treatment system (A) is designed to degas the water supplied via the return line system from the cavitator device (9), so that the through the reactor system (R) part of the water flowing in the circulation circulation, in particular as oxygen and low-CO ₂ water then the circulation circuit of the hot water system is fed again.

2. The water treatment system (100) of claim 1, further comprising a cold water supply system (B) disposed in a cold water inlet of the hot water system, the cold water treatment system (B) comprising: a reactor system (R) having a reaction tank (4) into which at least part of the hot water system to be supplied via the cold water inlet to be fed cold water; and a circulation system (Z), which has a supply line system connectable to the reaction tank (4), a return line system connected to the reaction tank (4), and a cavitator device (9) arranged between the flow and return line systems, at least a part of which flows into the Reaction tank (4) fed water of Kavitatoreinrichtung (9) via the supply line system and after passing through the Kavitatoreinrichtung (9) via the return line system back to the reaction tank (4), wherein the Kavitatoreinrichtung (9) of the cold water treatment system (B) is designed to generate gas cavitation in a controlled manner in the cold water supplied via the supply line system, and wherein the reaction tank (4) of the cold water treatment system (B) is designed to degas the water recirculated via the return line system from the cavitator device (9) so that the water passes through the reactor system (R) ge led at least a portion of the water over the cold water inlet to the hot water system is supplied in particular as oxygen and low-CO ₂ cold water.

3. Water treatment system (100) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the Kavitatoreinrichtung (9) of the hot water treatment system (A) and / or the cold water treatment system (B) is designed so that the gas cavitation is generated in the center of the flow cross-section of the supplied via the supply line water.

4. Water treatment system (100) according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the Kavitatoreinrichtung (9) of the hot water treatment system (A) and / or the cold water treatment system (B) is designed in the supplied via the supply line water pressure fluctuations preferably between 0.9 to 6 bar to produce.

5. Water treatment system (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the circulation system (Z) of the hot water treatment system (A) and / or the cold water treatment system (B) a first controllable pump (8.1) in the feed pipe system and preferably also a second controllable pump ( 8.2) in the return line system.

6. Water treatment system (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the reaction tank (4) of the hot water treatment system (A) with a The first connection (4.1) which can be connected to the circulation circuit of the hot water system, in order to supply at least part of the water flowing in the circulation circuit to the reaction tank (4), connects a second connection (4.2) which can be connected to the supply line system of the circulation system (Z), to the cavitator device (9 ) of the hot water treatment system (A) in the

Feed the reaction tank (4) guided water, at least one connectable to the return line system of the circulation system (Z) third port (4.3) to return the guided through the Kavitatoreinrichtung (9) of the hot water treatment system (A) water back to the reaction tank (4), and a having connectable with the circulation circuit of the hot water system fourth port (4.4) to supply the particular oxygen and low-CO ₂ water to the circulation circuit again.

7. Water treatment system (100) according to claim 2 or any one of claims 3 to 6 and claim 2, wherein the reaction tank (4) of the cold water treatment system (B) connectable to the cold water inlet first port (4.1) to at least one Supply part of the cold water to be supplied to the hot water to the reaction tank (4), a second connection (4.2) connectable to the supply line system of the circulation system (Z) and the cavitating device (9) of the cold water treatment system (B) into the reaction tank

(4) to supply conducted cold water, at least one connectable to the return line system of the circulation system (Z) third port (4.3) to the back through the Kavitatoreinrichtung (9) of the cold water treatment system (B) supplied water to the reaction tank (4), and with a The fourth connection (4.4), which can be connected to the cold water inlet, in order to supply the water, in particular oxygen and CO _{2, to} the hot water system via the cold water inlet.

8. Water treatment system (100) according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the at least one third port (4.3) in the reaction tank (4) of the hot water treatment system (A) and / or the cold water treatment system (B) opens substantially tangentially.

9. Water treatment system (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, in particular according to one of claims 6 to 8, wherein in the head region of the reaction tank (4) a funnel-shaped gas collecting means is provided, which is connected to a fifth port (4.5) to those in the reaction tank (4) capture and remove gases separated from the water.

10. Water treatment system (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the reaction tank (4) of the hot water treatment system (A) and / or the cold water treatment system (B) has a shape that tattet that in which by the Kavitatoreinrichtung (9) the water of the hot water treatment system (A) and / or the cold water treatment system (B) and via the at least one third connection (4.3) the reaction tank (4) again supplied water, a separation of gaseous components is effected.

11. Water treatment system (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the circulation system (Z) of the hot water treatment system (A) and / or the cold water treatment system (B) further comprises an oxidation stage (OX) with a Zudosiereinrichtung (9, 10) for the controlled metered addition of Oxi - Dationmittels in the circulating system (Z) flowing water.

12. Water treatment system (100) according to claim 11, wherein the Kavitatoreinrichtung (9) of the hot water treatment system (A) and / or the cold water treatment system (B) assumes the function of the metering device of the oxidation stage (OX).

13. The water treatment system according to claim 11, wherein the oxidizing agent is ozone, and wherein the reactor system of the hot water treatment system and / or the cold water treatment system further comprises an ozone destruction device, through which the gaseous components deposited in the reaction tank (4) are passed.

14. Water treatment system (100) according to claim 13, wherein the hot water treatment system (A) and / or the cold water treatment system (B) further comprises an ozone monitoring device (5, 24) to the ozone content in the water discharged from the reactor system (R) to investigate.

15. A process for the treatment of drinking water, in particular for Legionella treatment of hot and / or cold water, wherein in the water to be treated first serially generated in a controlled manner targeted gas cavitation and then the gaseous components dissolved in the water to be treated are separated.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein at the same time as generating the gas cavitation in the water to be treated, an oxidizing agent is mixed into the water to be treated, which is then removed with the separation of the gaseous components from the water.

17. Water treatment system with a hot water tank (ICT) and at least two circulation circuits (IT, 12 ^' ), which are each connected to the hot water tank (10 ^' ), of which a first circulation circuit (H ^' ) one or more water tapping points (13 ^' ) and a second circulation circuit (12 ^' ) at least one Kavitatoreinrichtung (14 ^' ), wherein the second circulation circuit (12 ^' ) in the flow of the Kavitatoreinrichtung (H ^' ) with a cold water supply (15 ^' ) is connected.

18. The system of claim 17, wherein the second circulation circuit (12 ^' ) in the flow of Kavitatoreinrichtung (14 ^' ) with a supply (16 ^' ) for one or more additives, in particular an oxidizing agent and / or nitrogen is connected.

19. System according to claim 17 or 18, wherein the hot water tank (10 ^' ) has a venting device (17 ^' ).

20. System according to at least one of claims 17 to 19, wherein in each case a pump (18 ^' , 19 ^' ) is arranged in the flow and / or in the return of the Kavitatoreinrichtung (14 ^' ).

21. System according to at least one of claims 17 to 20, wherein the cold water supply (15 ^' ) is not circulating with the cold water supply line (20 ^' ) of a water withdrawal point (21 ^' ) is connected, wherein the cold water supply line (20 ^' ) a purge line (22 ^' ) which can be opened and closed by an automatically operable obturator (23 ^' ).

22. System according to claim 21, wherein the flushing line (22 ^' ) is connected to a drain (24 ^' ) of the water removal point (21 ^' ).

23. A method for treating water, wherein the water of a hot water tank (20 ^' ) is circulated in at least two circuits, wherein cold water supplied to one of the two circuits, subjected to a cavitation treatment

5 and in the hot water tank (10 ^" ) is heated.

24. The method of claim 23, wherein one or more additives, in particular oxidizing agent and / or nitrogen are added to the water before Kavitatorbehandlung. lό

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