DE102007049238A1 - Scene spatial representation arrangement for e.g. three-dimensional advertisements, has optical element comprising optical structures, where observer observes predominantly two sets of views with eyes so that visual impression is obtained - Google Patents

Abstract

The arrangement has an optical element (2) e.g. diffusion disk, arranged between an image reproduction device (1) e.g. plasma display, and a lenticular screen (3). An observer (4) in front of a pattern of image elements observes predominantly a set of views with one eye and another set of views with another eye from observing positions, so that a spatial visual impression is obtained. The optical element is provided with randomly or periodically arranged optical structures. The lenticular screen is arranged before the image reproduction device in an observation direction.

Description

The Invention relates to the field of spatial representation, especially on the spatial representation of a scene without aids such as 3D glasses.

For some time, there have been approaches to the aforementioned subject area. A pioneer in this field was Frederic Ives, who in Scripture GB 190418672 A presented a system with a "line screen" for 3D presentation.

Length of time, however, did not achieve widespread use of autostereoscopic systems. Only in the 80s of the 20th century could a certain renaissance of the 3D systems be used due to the now available computing power and new display technologies. In the 1990s, the number of patent applications and publications on glasses-free 3D visualizations skyrocketed. Outstanding results have been achieved by the following inventors or providers:
In the JP 8-331605 AA describe Masutani Takeshi et al. (Sanyo) a step barrier in which a transparent barrier element has approximately the dimensions of a color subpixel (R, G or B). With this technique, it was possible for the first time to partially redirect the vertical resolution of the loss of resolution in the horizontal direction that occurs in most autostereoscopic systems due to the simultaneous display of several views (at least two, preferably more than two views). The disadvantage here, as with all barrier methods, is the high loss of light. In addition, when the viewer moves sideways, the stereo contrast changes from nearly 100% to about 50%, and then increases again to 100%, resulting in a 3D image quality that fluctuates in the viewing space.

Pierre Allio succeeded in teaching after the US 5,808,599 A . US 5,936,607 A and WO 00/10332 A1 a noteworthy evolution of lenticular technology, using a sub-pixel-based view layout as well.

Another outstanding result was presented by Cees van Berkel with the EP 791 847 A1 patent pending. Lenticular lenses which are inclined relative to the vertical are located above a display which likewise shows different perspective views, with many embodiments producing more or less disturbing moiré effects. Characteristically n views are divided on at least two screen lines, so that in turn the loss of resolution from the horizontal is partially transferred to the vertical.

lenticular However, they can only be produced with great difficulty and the production process for a 3D display based on it is not trivial.

Jesse Eichenlaub founded several of the milestones for autostereoscopy with the writings US 6,157,424 A and WO 02/35277 A1 as well as several other inventions, however, which represent almost all 3D systems for only one viewer and / or are often not manufacturable at acceptable cost.

With the DE 10 003 326 C2 succeeded Armin Grasnick et al. a further development of the barrier technology with respect to two-dimensionally structured wavelength-selective filter arrays to produce a 3D impression. However, the disadvantage here too is the greatly reduced brightness of such 3D systems compared with a 2D display.

Armin Schwerdtner succeeded with the WO 2005/027534 A2 a novel technological approach for a full-resolution 3D rendering in all (usually two) views. However, this approach is associated with high adjustment effort and for larger screen diagonals (from about 25 inches) is extremely difficult to implement.

The GB 739665 describes the reduction of moiré effects in normal 2D color prints through the application of certain regular patterns of elemental formations. However, this doctrine is not readily available for a spatial representation.

According to the US 2003/011884 Van Berkel proposes to deactivate the lenticular effect in a 3D display a moving lens. This is used here only for switching between a full-resolution 2D and a reduced in the resolution 3D mode. A reduction of moiré effects can not be achieved with this embodiment when the device is in 3D mode.

It Therefore, the invention is based on the object, an arrangement for spatial representation based on lenticular screens To show what unsightly Moiré effects, ie visible frequency overlays, be reduced.

• – ein Bildwiedergabegerät mit Bildelementen x(i, j) in einem Raster mit Zeilen i und Spalten j, auf welchen Bildteilinformationen aus mindestens n = 2 Ansichten A(k) mit k = 2, ..., n sichtbar gemacht werden können,
• – mindestens einen in Betrachtungsrichtung vor dem Bildwiedergabegerät angeordneten Lentikularschirm zur Vorgabe von Lichtausbreitungsrichtungen für das von den Bildelementen x(i, j) abgestrahlte oder transmittierte Licht,
• – ein zwischen dem Bildwiedergabegerät und dem Lentikularschirm angeordnetes optisches Element, welches zufällig order regelmäßig angeordnete optische Strukturen enthält, die sichtbare Frequenzüberlagerungen, insbesondere Moiré-Effekte, zwischen dem Raster mit Zeilen i und Spalten j und dem Lentikularschirm vermindern,
• – wodurch ein oder mehrere Betrachter von einer Vielzahl von Betrachtungspositionen vor dem Raster aus Bildelementen x(i, j) jeweils mit einem Auge ausschließlich oder überwiegend eine erste Auswahl aus den Ansichten A(k) und mit dem anderen Auge ausschließlich oder überwiegend eine zweite Auswahl aus den Ansichten A(k) sieht, so daß ein räumlicher Seheindruck entsteht.

This object is achieved by an arrangement for the spatial representation of a scene, comprising

• A picture display device with picture elements x (i, j) in a grid with lines i and columns j on which picture part information from at least n = 2 views A (k) with k = 2,..., N can be made visible,
• - at least one in the direction of observation lenticular screen arranged in the image display device for specifying light propagation directions for the light emitted or transmitted by the picture elements x (i, j),
• An optical element arranged between the image display device and the lenticular screen, which contains randomly or regularly arranged optical structures which reduce visible frequency overlays, in particular moiré effects, between the grid with rows i and columns j and the lenticular screen,
• - One or more observers from a plurality of viewing positions in front of the grid of pixels x (i, j) each with one eye exclusively or predominantly a first selection from the views A (k) and with the other eye exclusively or predominantly a second selection seen from the views A (k), so that a spatial visual impression is created.

A Selection from the views A (k) can, for. B. a view or include multiple views. So it is possible, for example, that a viewer's eye is predominantly or exclusively the first view and the second observer eye predominantly or sees only the second view.

In One possible embodiment is the optical element a diffuser with randomly arranged optical structures, preferably in the form of light-scattering matte sections. It is but also possible that the optical element a two-dimensional filter array is random or regularly arranged optical structures in Shape of transparent, colored, neutral or opaque filter elements Contains polygonal outlines.

In however, a particularly preferred form is the optical element a two-dimensional filter array, which is regular or randomly arranged optical structures in the form of transparent and opaque filter elements with polygonal outlines contains. It may be of particular advantage if that each opaque filter element has a smaller area has as the pixel x (i, j) with the least areal extent. Then that's the problem small opaque filter elements ensure that visual Beat frequencies that are due to the overlay the grid of picture elements x (i, j) with the grid of the lenticular screen, not arise in fully visible form, because additional Frequencies due to the arrangement of the small opaque filter elements be caused. Because the opaque filter elements in this variant are kept very small, the light loss is very low.

In an advantageous embodiment is a photographic film exposed and developed with the structure of the filter elements and afterwards laminated on the lenticular screen.

The Assignment of the image part information of different views A (k) to the picture elements x (i, j) is preferably carried out in a two-dimensional periodic Template. Furthermore, the picture elements x (i, j) correspond to color subpixels (R, G or B) or clusters of color subpixels (eg RG or GB) or full color pixels.

moreover it makes sense if the image display device has a color LCD screen, a plasma display, a projection screen, an LED-based screen, is an SED screen or a VFD screen. Other embodiments are possible.

Advantageous The lenticular screen contains means for the reduction of Reflected light reflection, preferably at least one interference-optical Antireflection coating. Variants with slightly frosted surfaces are conceivable, of course, the spatial impression is not may be prevented by the scattering effects.

Of the Lenticular screen is usually, but not necessarily in everyone Case permanently attached to the image display device, preferably by an adhesive bond.

The Invention will become more apparent in the following with reference to drawings explained. It shows

1 not to scale the schematic diagram of an inventive arrangement for spatial representation,

2 a schematic diagram of moiré effects in the superposition of red subpixel columns with oblique lenticulars, as well

3 an exemplary pattern for an optical element for use in an inventive arrangement.

• – ein Bildwiedergabegerät 1 mit Bildelementen x(i, j) in einem Raster mit Zeilen i und Spalten j, auf welchen Bildteilinformationen aus mindestens n = 2 Ansichten A(k) mit k = 2, ..., n sichtbar gemacht werden können,
• – einen in Betrachtungsrichtung eines Betrachters 4 vor dem Bildwiedergabegerät 1 angeordneten Lentikularschirm 3 zur Vorgabe von Lichtausbreitungsrichtungen für das von den Bildelementen x(i, j) abgestrahlte oder transmittierte Licht,
• – ein zwischen dem Bildwiedergabegerät 1 und dem Lentikularschirm 3 angeordnetes optisches Element 2, welches zufällig order regelmäßig angeordnete optische Strukturen enthält, die sichtbare Frequenzüberlagerungen, insbesondere Moiré-Effekte, zwischen dem Raster mit Zeilen i und Spalten j und dem Lentikularschirm 3 vermindern,
• – wodurch ein oder mehrere Betrachter 4 von einer Vielzahl von Betrachtungspositionen vor dem Raster aus Bildelementen x(i, j) jeweils mit einem Auge ausschließlich oder überwiegend eine erste Auswahl aus den Ansichten A(k) und mit dem anderen Auge ausschließlich oder überwiegend eine zweite Auswahl aus den Ansichten A(k) sieht, so daß ein räumlicher Seheindruck entsteht.

In 1 Thus, the schematic diagram of an arrangement according to the invention for spatial representation is shown. This includes:

• - a picture display device 1 with pixels x (i, j) in a grid with rows i and columns j, on which partial image information from at least n = 2 views A (k) with k = 2, ..., n can be made visible,
• - One in viewing direction of an observer 4 in front of the image display device 1 arranged lenticular screen 3 for specifying light propagation directions for the light emitted or transmitted by the picture elements x (i, j),
• - one between the image display device 1 and the lenticular screen 3 arranged optical element 2 , which randomly or regularly contains ordered optical structures, the visible frequency superpositions, in particular moiré effects, between the grid with rows i and columns j and the lenticular screen 3 Reduce,
• - making one or more viewers 4 from a plurality of viewing positions in front of the grid of picture elements x (i, j) each with one eye exclusively or predominantly a first selection from the views A (k) and with the other eye exclusively or predominantly a second selection from the views A (k ) so that a spatial visual impression is created.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, the optical element 2 a two-dimensional filter array containing regularly or randomly arranged optical structures in the form of transparent and opaque filter elements with polygonal outlines, as exemplified in 3 is shown. The black triangles correspond to randomly arranged opaque filter elements surrounded by filter elements substantially transparent to the visible light. It may be of particular advantage, if that each opaque filter element has a smaller area than the pixel x (i, j) with the smallest surface area. Then the relatively small opaque filter elements cause visual beat frequencies ("moiré effects") caused by the superimposition of the grid of picture elements x (i, j) with the grid of the lenticular screen 3 , not in blatantly visible form, because additional frequencies are caused by the arrangement of the small opaque filter elements.

For the development of moiré effects is au 2 directed. Here, the red subpixel gaps R are at an angle to the main propagation direction of the lenticular lenses of the lenticular screen 3 , which are indicated by the inclined thin lines. Typically, a visible moiré pattern may result from beat frequencies propagating perpendicularly to the mid-perpendicular of the bisecting line between said main propagating direction of the lenticular lenses and the vertical (ie, the main propagating direction of the red subpixel columns R).

Because the opaque filter elements kept very small in this variant are, the light loss is very low.

In an advantageous embodiment, a photographic film with the structure of the filter elements as an optical element 2 exposed and developed and afterwards on the lenticular screen 3 laminated, preferably on its flat side.

The Assignment of the image part information of different views A (k) to the picture elements x (i, j) is preferably carried out in a two-dimensional periodic Template. Furthermore, the picture elements x (i, j) correspond to color subpixels (R, G or B) or clusters of color subpixels (eg RG or GB) or full color pixels.

Moreover, it makes sense when the image display device 1 a color LCD screen, a plasma display, a projection screen, an LED-based screen, an SED screen, or a VFD screen. Other embodiments are possible.

Advantageously, the lenticular screen contains 3 Means for reducing flare reflections, preferably at least one interference-optical anti-reflection coating. Variants with slightly frosted surfaces are conceivable, whereby, of course, the spatial impression must not be prevented by the scattering effects.

The lenticular screen 3 is usually, but not necessarily in any case, permanent on the image display device 1 attached, preferably by an adhesive bond.

The Invention finds advantageous application for 3D monitors in the field of research and development, 3D games and 3D advertising.

The Advantages of the invention are versatile. In particular, it is possible a quality gain in the spatial representation and depending on the design even a certain contrast increase to achieve. Unpleasant moiré effects are minimized.

The Invention can moreover with relative simple means are realized.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• - GB 190418672 A [0002]
• - JP 8-331605 AA [0003]
• US 5808599 A [0004]
• - US 5936607 A [0004]
• WO 00/10332 A1 [0004]
• EP 791847 A1 [0005]
• - US 6157424 A [0007]
• WO 02/35277 A1 [0007]
• - DE 10003326 C2 [0008]
• WO 2005/027534 A2 [0009]
• GB 739665 [0010]
• US 2003/011884 [0011]

Claims (10)

Arrangement for the spatial representation of a scene, comprising - a picture display device ( 1 ) with picture elements x (i, j) in a grid ( 1 ) with rows (i) and columns (j) on which partial image information from at least n = 2 views A (k) with k = 2, ..., n can be made visible, - at least one viewing direction in front of the image display device ( 1 ) arranged lenticular screen ( 3 ) for specifying light propagation directions for the light emitted or transmitted by the picture elements x (i, j), - an image display device (FIG. 1 ) and the lenticular screen ( 3 ) arranged optical element ( 2 ), which randomly or regularly arranged optical structures containing the visible frequency overlays, in particular moiré effects, between the grid ( 1 ) with rows (i) and columns (j) and the lenticular screen ( 3 ), whereby one or more observers ( 4 ) of a plurality of viewing positions in front of the grid of picture elements x (i, j) each with one eye exclusively or predominantly a first selection from the views A (k) and with the other eye exclusively or predominantly a second selection from the views A ( k) so that a spatial visual impression is created. Arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the optical element ( 2 ) is a lens with randomly arranged optical structures, preferably in the form of light-scattering matte sections. Arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the optical element ( 2 ) is a two-dimensional filter array containing randomly or regularly arranged optical structures in the form of transparent, colored, neutral or opaque filter elements with polygonal outlines. Arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the optical element ( 2 ) is a two-dimensional filter array containing regularly or randomly arranged optical structures in the form of transparent and opaque filter elements with polygonal outlines. Arrangement according to claim 4, characterized that each opaque filter element has a smaller area has as the pixel x (i, j) with the least areal extent. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the assignment of the image part information different views A (k) to the pixels x (i, j) in one two-dimensional periodic pattern occurs. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the picture elements x (i, j) are color subpixels (R, G or B) or clusters of color subpixels (eg RG or GB) or full color pixels. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the image display device ( 1 ) is a color LCD screen, a plasma display, a projection screen, an LED-based screen, an SED screen, or a VFD screen. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lenticular screen ( 3 ) Means for reducing Störlichtreflexen, preferably at least one interference-optical anti-reflection coating contains. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lenticular screen ( 3 ) is permanently attached to the image display device, preferably by an adhesive connection.