DE102007023583A1 - Photovoltaik-Vorrichtung mit optischen Elementen zum Umlenken einfallender Sonnenstrahlen in einem gegebenen Spektralbereich auf an den optischen Elementen seitlich angebrachte Solarzellen - Google Patents
Photovoltaik-Vorrichtung mit optischen Elementen zum Umlenken einfallender Sonnenstrahlen in einem gegebenen Spektralbereich auf an den optischen Elementen seitlich angebrachte Solarzellen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DE102007023583A1 DE102007023583A1 DE102007023583A DE102007023583A DE102007023583A1 DE 102007023583 A1 DE102007023583 A1 DE 102007023583A1 DE 102007023583 A DE102007023583 A DE 102007023583A DE 102007023583 A DE102007023583 A DE 102007023583A DE 102007023583 A1 DE102007023583 A1 DE 102007023583A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- optical element
- sun
- solar radiation
- spectral range
- solar cell
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 241
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 236
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 121
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 108010025899 gelatin film Proteins 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims 27
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 10
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003980 solgel method Methods 0.000 description 3
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BUHVIAUBTBOHAG-FOYDDCNASA-N (2r,3r,4s,5r)-2-[6-[[2-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-(2-methylphenyl)ethyl]amino]purin-9-yl]-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolane-3,4-diol Chemical compound COC1=CC(OC)=CC(C(CNC=2C=3N=CN(C=3N=CN=2)[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)O)C=2C(=CC=CC=2)C)=C1 BUHVIAUBTBOHAG-FOYDDCNASA-N 0.000 description 1
- CVBUKMMMRLOKQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-phenylbutane-1,3-dione Chemical group CC(=O)CC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 CVBUKMMMRLOKQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UTMWFJSRHLYRPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,3',5,5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl Chemical compound ClC1=CC(Cl)=CC(C=2C=C(Cl)C=C(Cl)C=2)=C1 UTMWFJSRHLYRPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JBRZTFJDHDCESZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N AsGa Chemical compound [As]#[Ga] JBRZTFJDHDCESZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036629 mind Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021421 monocrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005693 optoelectronics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021420 polycrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/054—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means
- H01L31/0543—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means comprising light concentrating means of the refractive type, e.g. lenses
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/054—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means
- H01L31/0547—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means comprising light concentrating means of the reflecting type, e.g. parabolic mirrors, concentrators using total internal reflection
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/52—PV systems with concentrators
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
- Diffracting Gratings Or Hologram Optical Elements (AREA)
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102007023583A DE102007023583A1 (de) | 2007-05-21 | 2007-05-21 | Photovoltaik-Vorrichtung mit optischen Elementen zum Umlenken einfallender Sonnenstrahlen in einem gegebenen Spektralbereich auf an den optischen Elementen seitlich angebrachte Solarzellen |
| PCT/DE2008/000831 WO2008141621A2 (fr) | 2007-05-21 | 2008-05-19 | Dispositif photovoltaïque comportant des cellules solaires disposées sur le côté d'éléments optiques |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102007023583A DE102007023583A1 (de) | 2007-05-21 | 2007-05-21 | Photovoltaik-Vorrichtung mit optischen Elementen zum Umlenken einfallender Sonnenstrahlen in einem gegebenen Spektralbereich auf an den optischen Elementen seitlich angebrachte Solarzellen |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE102007023583A1 true DE102007023583A1 (de) | 2008-11-27 |
Family
ID=39876992
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102007023583A Withdrawn DE102007023583A1 (de) | 2007-05-21 | 2007-05-21 | Photovoltaik-Vorrichtung mit optischen Elementen zum Umlenken einfallender Sonnenstrahlen in einem gegebenen Spektralbereich auf an den optischen Elementen seitlich angebrachte Solarzellen |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE102007023583A1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2008141621A2 (fr) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2009146845A2 (fr) * | 2008-06-05 | 2009-12-10 | Signet Solar Gmbh | Cellule solaire avec piège à lumière et module solaire |
| DE102011114898A1 (de) | 2011-10-05 | 2013-04-11 | Rainer Schmidt | Anordnung zur Lichtumlenkung |
| EP2724383A2 (fr) * | 2011-06-25 | 2014-04-30 | Alfred Jost | Module solaire |
| EP2747275A3 (fr) * | 2012-12-18 | 2017-12-20 | Aqua Bio Solar GmbH | Capteur solaire partiellement transparent |
| EP3331159A1 (fr) | 2016-12-02 | 2018-06-06 | Marcus Meier | Dispositif formant cellules solaires |
Citations (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4186033A (en) * | 1978-11-01 | 1980-01-29 | Owens-Illinois, Inc. | Structure for conversion of solar radiation to electricity and heat |
| DE3005914A1 (de) * | 1980-02-16 | 1981-09-10 | Werner H. Prof. Dr.-Ing. 7065 Winterbach Bloss | Solarzellenanordnung |
| DE3140974A1 (de) * | 1981-10-15 | 1983-05-05 | Viktor Voskanovič Afian | Photoelektrische sonnenmodul |
| US4395582A (en) * | 1979-03-28 | 1983-07-26 | Gibbs & Hill, Inc. | Combined solar conversion |
| DE4108503A1 (de) * | 1991-03-15 | 1992-09-17 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Solarenergieumwandlungseinrichtung |
| US6274860B1 (en) * | 1999-05-28 | 2001-08-14 | Terrasun, Llc | Device for concentrating optical radiation |
| DE10251326A1 (de) * | 2002-11-05 | 2004-05-19 | Müller, Helmut Frank Ottomar, Prof. Dr.-Ing. | Lichtlenkendes Element |
| DE10320663A1 (de) | 2003-05-02 | 2004-11-25 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Einheit zum Konzentrieren von Sonnenstrahlung auf eine Mikrosolarzelle |
| US20050051205A1 (en) * | 2003-09-05 | 2005-03-10 | Mook William H. | Solar based electrical energy generation with spectral cooling |
| DE102004031784A1 (de) * | 2004-07-01 | 2006-02-16 | GLB Gesellschaft für Licht- und Bautechnik mbH | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer holografischen Ablenkvorrichtung |
| US20060185713A1 (en) * | 2005-02-23 | 2006-08-24 | Mook William J Jr | Solar panels with liquid superconcentrators exhibiting wide fields of view |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4863224A (en) * | 1981-10-06 | 1989-09-05 | Afian Viktor V | Solar concentrator and manufacturing method therefor |
| US4490981A (en) * | 1982-09-29 | 1985-01-01 | Milton Meckler | Fixed solar concentrator-collector-satelite receiver and co-generator |
| US5517339A (en) * | 1994-06-17 | 1996-05-14 | Northeast Photosciences | Method of manufacturing high efficiency, broad bandwidth, volume holographic elements and solar concentrators for use therewith |
| US5877874A (en) * | 1995-08-24 | 1999-03-02 | Terrasun L.L.C. | Device for concentrating optical radiation |
| CN1869542A (zh) * | 2006-06-15 | 2006-11-29 | 许洪文 | 一种全息光栅太阳能发电集热装置 |
-
2007
- 2007-05-21 DE DE102007023583A patent/DE102007023583A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2008
- 2008-05-19 WO PCT/DE2008/000831 patent/WO2008141621A2/fr active Application Filing
Patent Citations (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4186033A (en) * | 1978-11-01 | 1980-01-29 | Owens-Illinois, Inc. | Structure for conversion of solar radiation to electricity and heat |
| US4395582A (en) * | 1979-03-28 | 1983-07-26 | Gibbs & Hill, Inc. | Combined solar conversion |
| DE3005914A1 (de) * | 1980-02-16 | 1981-09-10 | Werner H. Prof. Dr.-Ing. 7065 Winterbach Bloss | Solarzellenanordnung |
| DE3140974A1 (de) * | 1981-10-15 | 1983-05-05 | Viktor Voskanovič Afian | Photoelektrische sonnenmodul |
| DE4108503A1 (de) * | 1991-03-15 | 1992-09-17 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Solarenergieumwandlungseinrichtung |
| US6274860B1 (en) * | 1999-05-28 | 2001-08-14 | Terrasun, Llc | Device for concentrating optical radiation |
| DE10251326A1 (de) * | 2002-11-05 | 2004-05-19 | Müller, Helmut Frank Ottomar, Prof. Dr.-Ing. | Lichtlenkendes Element |
| DE10320663A1 (de) | 2003-05-02 | 2004-11-25 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Einheit zum Konzentrieren von Sonnenstrahlung auf eine Mikrosolarzelle |
| US20050051205A1 (en) * | 2003-09-05 | 2005-03-10 | Mook William H. | Solar based electrical energy generation with spectral cooling |
| DE102004031784A1 (de) * | 2004-07-01 | 2006-02-16 | GLB Gesellschaft für Licht- und Bautechnik mbH | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer holografischen Ablenkvorrichtung |
| US20060185713A1 (en) * | 2005-02-23 | 2006-08-24 | Mook William J Jr | Solar panels with liquid superconcentrators exhibiting wide fields of view |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| Fabrication of relief gratings an high photosensitive SiO2/ZrO2 gel film by UV exposure" von XuXiang, ZhouBin, LiuChunze, XuChao, WuGuangming, NiXingyuan, ShenJun, Key laboratory of waves and microstructure materials, Pohl Institute of Solid State Physics, Tongji University, Shanghai, China |
| XUXIANG (u.a.): Fabrication of relief gratings on high photosensitive SiO<SUB>2</SUB>/ZrO<SUB>2</SUB> gel film by UV exposure. In: The 2nd SPIE International Symposium on Advanced Optical Manufacturing and Testing Technologies. Shanghai, China, 2005, Proc. of SPIE Vol. 6149, S. 61490N-1-6140N-6 * |
| XUXIANG (u.a.): Fabrication of relief gratings on high photosensitive SiO2/ZrO2 gel film by UV exposure. In: The 2nd SPIE International Symposium on Advanced Optical Manufacturing and Testing Technologies. Shanghai, China, 2005, Proc. of SPIE Vol. 6149, S. 61490N-1-6140N-6 |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2009146845A2 (fr) * | 2008-06-05 | 2009-12-10 | Signet Solar Gmbh | Cellule solaire avec piège à lumière et module solaire |
| WO2009146845A3 (fr) * | 2008-06-05 | 2010-04-22 | Signet Solar Gmbh | Cellule solaire avec piège à lumière et module solaire |
| EP2301082A2 (fr) * | 2008-06-05 | 2011-03-30 | Signet Solar Gmbh | Cellule solaire avec piège à lumière et module solaire |
| EP2724383A2 (fr) * | 2011-06-25 | 2014-04-30 | Alfred Jost | Module solaire |
| EP2724383A4 (fr) * | 2011-06-25 | 2014-11-26 | Alfred Jost | Module solaire |
| DE102011114898A1 (de) | 2011-10-05 | 2013-04-11 | Rainer Schmidt | Anordnung zur Lichtumlenkung |
| EP2747275A3 (fr) * | 2012-12-18 | 2017-12-20 | Aqua Bio Solar GmbH | Capteur solaire partiellement transparent |
| EP3331159A1 (fr) | 2016-12-02 | 2018-06-06 | Marcus Meier | Dispositif formant cellules solaires |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2008141621A3 (fr) | 2010-04-08 |
| WO2008141621A2 (fr) | 2008-11-27 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| DE202011104880U1 (de) | Ein Solarzellenempfänger zur Verwendung in einem konzentrierten photovoltaischen System unter Verwendung von III-V Halbleitersolarzellen | |
| DE2620115A1 (de) | Vorrichtung zur umwandlung von lichtenergie in elektrische energie | |
| DE102008004771A1 (de) | Solarzelle | |
| DE102007005091B4 (de) | Solarzelle | |
| EP2139046A1 (fr) | Module photovoltaïque | |
| EP3104522A1 (fr) | Panneau photovoltaïque | |
| DE102008010012A1 (de) | Photovoltaik-Vorrichtung mit mindestens einem mindestens eine Lichtumwandlerschicht aufweisenden optischen Element | |
| DE102016007216A1 (de) | Hochleistungssolarzellenmodul | |
| DE102007023583A1 (de) | Photovoltaik-Vorrichtung mit optischen Elementen zum Umlenken einfallender Sonnenstrahlen in einem gegebenen Spektralbereich auf an den optischen Elementen seitlich angebrachte Solarzellen | |
| EP2162684A2 (fr) | Dispositif photovoltaïque avec structure holographique pour la déviation de rayonnement solaire entrant, et son procédé de fabrication | |
| EP2534701B1 (fr) | Dispositif photovoltaïque et son utilisation | |
| DE102009037083A1 (de) | Photovoltaik-Vorrichtung mit mindestens einer Spiegelvorrichtung | |
| DE102007022164A1 (de) | Anordnung zum Gewinnen von elektrischer und thermischer Energie | |
| DE4108503A1 (de) | Solarenergieumwandlungseinrichtung | |
| DE19954954A1 (de) | Photovoltaische Wandlereinrichtung | |
| DE102007029391A1 (de) | Optoelektronischer Halbleiterchip | |
| DE102009056779A1 (de) | Photovoltaik-Modul | |
| WO2008145111A2 (fr) | Dispositif photovoltaïque à éléments optiques ultraminces et procédé de fabrication dudit dispositif | |
| DE102007054323A1 (de) | Photovoltaik-Vorrichtung mit mindestens einem mindestens eine Lichtumwandlerschicht aufweisenden optischen Element mit mindestens einer seitlich angebrachten Solarzelle | |
| DE102014223298A1 (de) | Optische Anordnung und Photovoltaikmodul, Verfahren zu deren Herstellung und Verwendungen hiervon | |
| DE102009019940A1 (de) | Lumineszenzkollektor mit mindestens einer photonischen Struktur mit mindestens einem lumineszenten Material sowie diesen enthaltendes Solarzellenmodul | |
| DE102008017370A1 (de) | Photovoltaik-Vorrichtung, Herstellverfahren für Photovoltaik-Vorrichtung sowie Solaranlage | |
| WO2007095892A2 (fr) | Panneaux solaires concentrateurs dotés de cellules à mince couche | |
| EP2529413B1 (fr) | Capteur solaire et ensemble capteur solaire | |
| DE102012223698A1 (de) | Konzentratorsystem |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| OP8 | Request for examination as to paragraph 44 patent law | ||
| 8139 | Disposal/non-payment of the annual fee |