DE102005043130A1 - Internal combustion engine - Google Patents
Internal combustion engine Download PDFInfo
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- DE102005043130A1 DE102005043130A1 DE102005043130A DE102005043130A DE102005043130A1 DE 102005043130 A1 DE102005043130 A1 DE 102005043130A1 DE 102005043130 A DE102005043130 A DE 102005043130A DE 102005043130 A DE102005043130 A DE 102005043130A DE 102005043130 A1 DE102005043130 A1 DE 102005043130A1
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- exhaust gas
- exhaust
- gas recirculation
- internal combustion
- combustion engine
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D13/00—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing
- F02D13/02—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing during engine operation
- F02D13/0242—Variable control of the exhaust valves only
- F02D13/0249—Variable control of the exhaust valves only changing the valve timing only
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/02—Valve drive
- F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
- F01L1/08—Shape of cams
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
- F01L13/0015—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
- F01L13/0036—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque the valves being driven by two or more cams with different shape, size or timing or a single cam profiled in axial and radial direction
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D13/00—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing
- F02D13/02—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing during engine operation
- F02D13/0261—Controlling the valve overlap
- F02D13/0265—Negative valve overlap for temporarily storing residual gas in the cylinder
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/0025—Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
- F02D41/0047—Controlling exhaust gas recirculation [EGR]
- F02D41/006—Controlling exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] using internal EGR
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/0025—Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
- F02D41/0047—Controlling exhaust gas recirculation [EGR]
- F02D41/0065—Specific aspects of external EGR control
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
- F02M26/01—Internal exhaust gas recirculation, i.e. wherein the residual exhaust gases are trapped in the cylinder or pushed back from the intake or the exhaust manifold into the combustion chamber without the use of additional passages
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
- F02M26/02—EGR systems specially adapted for supercharged engines
- F02M26/04—EGR systems specially adapted for supercharged engines with a single turbocharger
- F02M26/06—Low pressure loops, i.e. wherein recirculated exhaust gas is taken out from the exhaust downstream of the turbocharger turbine and reintroduced into the intake system upstream of the compressor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/12—Transmitting gear between valve drive and valve
- F01L1/14—Tappets; Push rods
- F01L1/143—Tappets; Push rods for use with overhead camshafts
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/12—Transmitting gear between valve drive and valve
- F01L1/18—Rocking arms or levers
- F01L1/185—Overhead end-pivot rocking arms
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/34—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L2305/00—Valve arrangements comprising rollers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L2800/00—Methods of operation using a variable valve timing mechanism
- F01L2800/10—Providing exhaust gas recirculation [EGR]
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B29/00—Engines characterised by provision for charging or scavenging not provided for in groups F02B25/00, F02B27/00 or F02B33/00 - F02B39/00; Details thereof
- F02B29/04—Cooling of air intake supply
- F02B29/0406—Layout of the intake air cooling or coolant circuit
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D13/00—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing
- F02D13/02—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing during engine operation
- F02D13/0223—Variable control of the intake valves only
- F02D13/0234—Variable control of the intake valves only changing the valve timing only
- F02D13/0238—Variable control of the intake valves only changing the valve timing only by shifting the phase, i.e. the opening periods of the valves are constant
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D13/00—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing
- F02D13/02—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing during engine operation
- F02D13/0257—Independent control of two or more intake or exhaust valves respectively, i.e. one of two intake valves remains closed or is opened partially while the other is fully opened
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/04—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions
- F02D41/06—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for engine starting or warming up
- F02D41/068—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for engine starting or warming up for warming-up
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
- F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
- F02M26/14—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories in relation to the exhaust system
- F02M26/15—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories in relation to the exhaust system in relation to engine exhaust purifying apparatus
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
- F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
- F02M26/14—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories in relation to the exhaust system
- F02M26/16—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories in relation to the exhaust system with EGR valves located at or near the connection to the exhaust system
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/40—Engine management systems
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
- Exhaust-Gas Circulating Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Eine Brennkraftmaschine (1) weist wenigstens einen Zylinder (2) auf, zu dem wenigstens ein Einlasskanal (3) führt und von dem wenigstens ein Auslasskanal (5) ausgeht. Es sind wenigstens ein die Luftzufuhr zu dem Zylinder (3) über den Einlasskanal (3) steuerndes Einlassventil (4) und wenigstens ein die Abgasabfuhr aus dem Zylinder (2) über den Auslasskanal (5) steuerndes Auslassventil (6) vorgesehen. Wenigstens eines der Auslassventile (6) und/oder Einlassventile (4) ist zum Durchführen einer inneren Abgasrückführung variabel ansteuerbar. Der Einlasskanal (3) schließt sich an eine Einlassleitung (14) an und an den Auslasskanal (5) schließt sich eine Abgasleitung (7) an. Eine äußere Abgasrückführung ist durchführbar, indem von der Abgasleitung (7) eine Abgasrückführleitung (12) abzweigt, welche in einem Bereich mit einem niedrigen Abgasdruck in die Einlassleitung (14) mündet.An internal combustion engine (1) has at least one cylinder (2) to which at least one inlet channel (3) leads and from which at least one outlet channel (5) emanates. At least one inlet valve (4) controlling the air supply to the cylinder (3) via the inlet channel (3) and at least one outlet valve (6) controlling the exhaust gas removal from the cylinder (2) via the outlet channel (5) are provided. At least one of the exhaust valves (6) and / or inlet valves (4) is variably controllable for performing an internal exhaust gas recirculation. The inlet channel (3) adjoins an inlet line (14), and an exhaust line (7) connects to the outlet channel (5). An external exhaust gas recirculation is feasible by an exhaust gas recirculation line (12) branches off from the exhaust pipe (7), which opens into the inlet line (14) in a region with a low exhaust gas pressure.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Brennkraftmaschine mit wenigstens einem Zylinder nach der im Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1 näher definierten Art.The The invention relates to an internal combustion engine having at least one Cylinder according to the closer defined in the preamble of claim 1 Art.
Bei tiefen Temperaturen, beispielsweise in einem Bereich zwischen 0 und –25 °C, kommt es bei Dieselbrennkraftmaschinen mit sehr niedrigem Verdichtungsverhältnis nach dem Kaltstart zunehmend zu Aussetzern bzw. die Verbrennung erlischt während der Kaltlaufphase der Brennkraftmaschine im Teillastbereich sogar komplett.at low temperatures, for example in a range between 0 and -25 ° C, comes in diesel engines with very low compression ratio the cold start increasingly to dropouts or the combustion goes out while the cold running phase of the internal combustion engine in the partial load range even completely.
Andererseits steigen durch NOx-Reduktionsmaßnahmen die HC/CO-Emissionen im Startbereich eines Testzyklusses, wie beispielsweise des NEFZ (Neuer Europäischer Fahrzyklus) oder FTP 74 (Federal Test Procedure) stark an, sodass bei einer weiteren Verschärfung der gesetzlichen Grenzwerte diese nicht bzw. nur mit erheblichem Aufwand durch Abgasnachbehandlung unterschritten werden können. Der Startbereich des Testzyklusses ist durch Außentemperatur im Bereich von +20 bis +30°C gesetzlich vorgeschrieben. Insbesondere bei diesen Temperaturen verschärft sich die eben beschriebene HC-Problematik. Erschwerend kommt hinzu, dass die Abgaskatalysatoren der Abgasnachbehandlung aufgrund der kalten Brennkraftmaschine, den damit verbundenen niedrigen Abgastemperaturen und der kalten Abgasanlage noch nicht in der Lage sind, sowohl die HC- als auch die CO-Emissionen katalytisch zu konvertieren.On the other hand, through NO x reduction measures, the HC / CO emissions rise sharply in the start area of a test cycle, such as the NEDR (New European Driving Cycle) or FTP 74 (Federal Test Procedure), so that when a further tightening of legal limits this or not can be reached only with considerable effort by exhaust aftertreatment. The starting range of the test cycle is prescribed by the outside temperature in the range of +20 to + 30 ° C. Especially at these temperatures, the HC problem just described is exacerbated. To make matters worse, the catalytic converters exhaust aftertreatment due to the cold engine, the associated low exhaust gas temperatures and the cold exhaust system are not yet able to convert both the HC and CO emissions catalytically.
Zum Verbessern des Betriebsverhaltens von Brennkraftmaschinen und deren Abgasqualität wird ein Teil des Abgases der Verbrennungsluft beigemischt. Man unterscheidet zwischen zwei Arten der so genannten Abgasrückführung, nämlich der äußeren, kalten und der inneren, heißen Abgasrückführung. Bei der äußeren Abgasrückführung wird aus dem Abgassystem ein Teil des Abgases entnommen und über eine Abgasrückführungsleitung in das Ansaugsystem der Brennkraftmaschine eingespeist. Da dies nur möglich ist, wenn zwischen der Entnahmestelle des Abgases und der Einspeisestelle ein Druckgefälle besteht, müssen bei Brennkraftmaschinen mit einer Aufladung der Verbrennungsluft entsprechende Vorkehrungen getroffen werde. Die innere Abgasrückführung wird durch eine entsprechende Auslegung der Steuerzeiten der Gaswechselventile erreicht, indem ein Teil des Abgases im Zylinder zurückgehalten oder über die Einlassventile in die Einlasskanäle geschoben oder über die Auslassventile während der Einlassphase aus dem Abgassystem in den Zylinder zurückgesaugt wird. Um die innere Abgasrückführung den Erfordernissen der Brennkraftmaschine anpassen zu können, werden variabel betätigbare Einlass- und/oder Auslassventile verwendet. Es sind beispielsweise Einzelventilbetätigungen bekannt, die in Abhängigkeit von Betriebsparametern der Brennkraftmaschine ansteuerbar sind. Einfachere Lösungen ergeben sich in den ersten beiden Fällen durch ein Verschieben (Phasing) der Steuerzeiten der Gaswechselventile mittels eines Nockenwellenstellers oder im letzten Fall durch eine asymmetrische Nockenumschaltung gegebenenfalls mit einer Beeinflussung des Dralls.To the Improve the performance of internal combustion engines and their exhaust gas quality a part of the exhaust gas is added to the combustion air. you distinguishes between two types of so-called exhaust gas recirculation, namely the external, cold and the inner, hot Exhaust gas recirculation. at the external exhaust gas recirculation is taken from the exhaust system, a portion of the exhaust gas and a Exhaust gas recirculation line fed into the intake system of the internal combustion engine. As this only possible is when between the extraction point of the exhaust gas and the feed point a pressure gradient exists, must in internal combustion engines with a charge of the combustion air appropriate precautions are taken. The internal exhaust gas recirculation is achieved by a corresponding interpretation of the timing of the gas exchange valves, by retaining a portion of the exhaust gas in the cylinder or over the Intake valves in the intake ports pushed or over the exhaust valves during the intake phase from the exhaust system sucked back into the cylinder becomes. To the internal exhaust gas recirculation the Be adapted to requirements of the internal combustion engine, be variably actuated Inlet and / or exhaust valves used. They are, for example Single valve actuations known, the dependent can be controlled by operating parameters of the internal combustion engine. Simpler solutions arise in the first two cases by a move (Phasing) of the timing of the gas exchange valves by means of a camshaft actuator or in the latter case by an asymmetric cam switching optionally with an influence on the twist.
Aus der US 2003/005898 A1 ist eine Brennkraftmaschine mit variabel elektronisch ansteuerbaren Gaswechselventilen, nämlich zwei Einlassventilen und zwei Auslassventilen je Zylinder, bekannt, von denen die entsprechenden Einlassventile während der normalen Auslassphase noch einmal öffnen können, sodass ein Teil des Abgases vom Zylinder in die Einlassungsöffnung strömt und bei der nächsten Einlassphase in den Zylinder zurückkehrt, während hier ein Teil der Abgase, der zuvor in die Auslassöffnung geströmt ist, in den Zylinder zurückkehrt, wenn das Auslassventil während der Einlassphase zusätzlich öffnet. Bei üblichen Brennkraftmaschinen ist die innere Abgasrückführung nur in einem beschränkten Maße möglich, da sonst die Rotationsbewegung der Verbrennungsluft und der Brenngase gestört würde. Um die Schadstoffemission durch eine größere Toleranz der inneren Abgasrückführung herabzusetzen, sind je Zylinder zwei Einlasskanäle vorgesehen, von denen einer etwa tangential in den Zylinder mündet, während der andere eine spiralförmige Gestalt besitzt und somit in der einströmenden Luft einen Drall erzeugt. Die zugeordneten Einlassventile können unterschiedlich angesteuert werden, sodass die Stärke des Dralls im Zylinder moduliert werden kann. Durch die variable Ansteuerung der Gaswechselventile kann außerdem das Verdichtungsverhältnis der Brennkraftmaschine herabgesetzt werden, beispielsweise bei Dieselbrennkraftmaschinen auf ein Verdichtungsverhältnis von 17:1 oder darunter.Out US 2003/005898 A1 is an internal combustion engine with variably electronic controllable gas exchange valves, namely two inlet valves and two exhaust valves per cylinder, of which the corresponding Intake valves during the normal exhaust phase can open again, so that a part of the exhaust gas from the cylinder into the inlet opening flows and at the next admission phase returns to the cylinder, while here a part of the exhaust gas which has previously flowed into the outlet opening, returns to the cylinder, if the exhaust valve during the inlet phase additionally opens. At usual Internal combustion engines, the internal exhaust gas recirculation is possible only to a limited extent, since otherwise the rotational movement of the combustion air and the combustion gases disturbed would. Around reduce the pollutant emission by a larger tolerance of the internal exhaust gas recirculation, are two inlet channels per cylinder provided, one of which opens approximately tangentially into the cylinder, during the others a spiral Has shape and thus generates a swirl in the incoming air. The assigned intake valves can be controlled differently so that the strength of the Dralls in the cylinder can be modulated. Due to the variable control the gas exchange valves can also the compression ratio the internal combustion engine are reduced, for example in diesel internal combustion engines to a compression ratio from 17: 1 or below.
Aus
der
Es ist Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, eine Brennkraftmaschine zu schaffen, welche sowohl in der Kaltstartphase als auch im regulären Betrieb stets eine optimale Abgasrückführung gewährleistet.It Object of the present invention, an internal combustion engine which is always in the cold start phase as well as in regular operation ensures optimal exhaust gas recirculation.
Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe durch die in Anspruch 1 genannten Merkmale gelöst.According to the invention this Problem solved by the features mentioned in claim 1.
Durch die erfindungsgemäß von der Abgasleitung in einen Bereich mit einem niedrigen Abgasdruck in die Einlassleitung mündende Abgasrückführleitung kann in ein und derselben Brennkraftmaschine eine innere Abgasrückführung durch eine entsprechende Ansteuerung der Aus- oder Einlassventile und eine äußere Niederdruckabgasrückführung durchgeführt werden, wodurch die beiden prinzipbedingten Vorteile dieser Abgasrückführmethoden kombiniert werden.By the invention of the Exhaust pipe in an area with a low exhaust pressure in opening the inlet line Exhaust gas recirculation line can in one and the same internal combustion engine an internal exhaust gas recirculation a corresponding control of the exhaust or intake valves and an external low pressure exhaust gas recirculation are carried out whereby the two principle-related advantages of these exhaust gas recirculation methods combined become.
Die Vorteile der inneren Abgasrückführung sind unter anderem in der Stabilisierung des Kaltlaufs bei sehr tiefen Temperaturen zu sehen, was insbesondere bei Brennkraftmaschinen mit niedrigen Verdichtungsverhältnissen erforderlich ist, um Zündaussetzer zu vermeiden. Des weiteren werden durch die innere Abgasrückführung die Abgastemperaturen erhöht und es wird außerdem der Wirkungsgrad der Brennkraftmaschine verschlechtert, wodurch sich dieselbe erheblich schneller erwärmt. Bezüglich des Komforts für Insassen eines mit der erfindungsgemäßen Brennkraftmaschine ausgestatteten Kraftfahrzeugs ist dies ebenfalls vorteilhaft, da hierdurch die Beheizung des Innenraums verbessert werden kann. Durch die Erhöhung der Abgastemperatur ergibt sich des weiteren ein schnelleres Ansprechend des Katalysators, wodurch eine weitere Absenkung der HC/CO-Emissionen erreicht werden kann.The Advantages of the internal exhaust gas recirculation are among other things, in the stabilization of cold running at very low See temperatures, especially in internal combustion engines with low compression ratios is required to misfire to avoid. Furthermore, by the internal exhaust gas recirculation Exhaust gas temperatures increased and it will as well the efficiency of the internal combustion engine deteriorates, thereby the same heats up much faster. Regarding the comfort for inmates one with the internal combustion engine according to the invention equipped motor vehicle, this is also advantageous since As a result, the heating of the interior can be improved. By the increase the exhaust gas temperature also gives a faster response of the catalyst, thereby further reducing HC / CO emissions can be achieved.
Bei einer geeigneten Brennraumgeometrie kann der sich gegebenenfalls ergebende Drall zu einer Reduktion von Partikeln und CO-Emissionen genutzt werden, wodurch der sich durch die innere Abgasrückführung ergebende Nachteil der HC-Absenkung kompensiert wird.at a suitable combustion chamber geometry may optionally resulting swirl to a reduction of particles and CO emissions be used, which resulting from the internal exhaust gas recirculation Disadvantage of HC-lowering is compensated.
Die äußere Niederdruck-Abgasrückführung, also die Abgasrückführung mit sehr geringem Druck, führt zu einer sehr guten Gleichverteilung, wodurch erhebliches Potenzial hinsichtlich einer Reduzierung der Emissionen gegeben ist. Ein weiterer entscheidender Vorteil der erfindungsgemäßen Lösung besteht darin, dass aufgrund der inneren Abgasrückführung im Kaltstartbetrieb und der sich dadurch ergebenden Erhöhung der Abgastemperaturen im Vergleich zu der Anordnung bei der Hochdruck-Abgasrückführung auf eine Bypassleitung und ein Bypassventil verzichtet werden kann, über welche bei der Hochdruck- Abgasrückführung der Abgasrückführkühler während des Kaltstarts umgangen werden muss.The external low-pressure exhaust gas recirculation, ie the exhaust gas recirculation with very low pressure to a very good equal distribution, creating considerable potential with regard to reducing emissions. Another decisive advantage of the solution according to the invention is that due to the internal exhaust gas recirculation in Cold start operation and the resulting increase in the Exhaust gas temperatures compared to the arrangement in the high-pressure exhaust gas recirculation on a bypass line and a bypass valve can be dispensed with, over which at the high-pressure exhaust gas recirculation of Exhaust gas recirculation cooler during the Cold starts must be avoided.
Dadurch, dass beide Arten der Abgasrückführung in einer Brennkraftmaschine vorhanden sind, ist es möglich, die Abgasrückführrate annähernd bei jedem Arbeitsspiel zu ändern, insbesondere da die innere Abgasrückführung sehr schnell reagiert und sich für das Umschalten zwischen einzelnen Brennverfahren eignet. Dadurch kann der gegebenenfalls vorhandene Nachteil bezüglich der Dynamik der Niederdruck-Abgasrückführung kompensiert und zur luftseitigen Verbrennungsregelung angewendet werden.Thereby, that both types of exhaust gas recirculation in an internal combustion engine are present, it is possible to Exhaust gas recirculation rate approximately at each Change working game, especially since the internal exhaust gas recirculation reacts very fast and up for the switching between individual combustion processes is suitable. Thereby can the possibly existing disadvantage with respect to the dynamics of the low-pressure exhaust gas recirculation compensated and used for airside combustion control.
In einer sehr vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der Erfindung kann vorgesehen sein, dass die Abgasrückführleitung in einem sich in Strömungsrichtung der Ansaugluft vor einem Verdichter eines Abgasturboladers befindlichen Bereich in die Einlassleitung mündet. Auf diese Weise ist auch bei der insbesondere bei Dieselbrennkraftmaschinen häufig zum Einsatz kommenden Aufladung mittels eines Abgasturboladers die mögliche Durchführung der Niederdruck-Abgasrückführung sichergestellt.In a very advantageous embodiment of the Invention can be provided that the exhaust gas recirculation line in a in flow direction the intake air located in front of a compressor of an exhaust gas turbocharger Area opens into the inlet pipe. In this way, even with the particular diesel engine often used for charging by means of an exhaust gas turbocharger possible execution the low-pressure exhaust gas recirculation ensured.
Des weiteren kann vorgesehen sein, dass die Abgasrückführleitung durch einen Ladeluftkühler verläuft. Auf diese Weise wird eine erheblich verbesserte Kühlung des rückgeführten Abgases erreicht, wodurch sich gegenüber der Hochdruck-Abgasrückführung ein Potenzial hinsichtlich der Verringerung von Emissionen ergibt. Durch diese Kühlung der rückgeführten Abgase ist es des weiteren möglich, die innere und die äußere Abgasrückführung gleichzeitig zu betreiben, um auf diese Weise eine Mischtemperatur des rückgeführten Abgases zu erreichen.Of Furthermore, it can be provided that the exhaust gas recirculation line runs through a charge air cooler. On In this way, a significantly improved cooling of the recirculated exhaust gas is achieved, whereby opposite the high-pressure exhaust gas recirculation Potential for reducing emissions. By this cooling the recirculated exhaust gases It is also possible, the inner and outer exhaust gas recirculation at the same time to operate in this way a mixing temperature of the recirculated exhaust gas to reach.
Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den restlichen Unteransprüchen. Nachfolgend ist ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnung dargestellt.Further yield advantageous embodiments and refinements of the invention from the remaining subclaims. Below is an embodiment of the invention with reference to the drawing.
Dabei zeigen:there demonstrate:
Zu
den Zylindern
An
die Auslasskanäle
Dadurch,
dass die Abgasrückführleitung
Neben
der in
Eine
weitere Möglichkeit
zur Durchführung der
inneren Abgasrückführung besteht
darin, dass im vorliegenden Fall neben dem Nocken
Durch
eine geeignete Geometrie des Brennraums ist es möglich, bei der inneren Abgasrückführung den
Drehimpuls bzw. Drall des Gasgemisches zu erhöhen, was beispielsweise durch
eine Sitzabdeckung des Auslassventils
Im
vorliegenden Fall ist lediglich die Auslassnockenwelle
Mit
der in
In
dem Diagramm von
In
Claims (7)
Priority Applications (2)
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DE102005043130A DE102005043130A1 (en) | 2005-09-10 | 2005-09-10 | Internal combustion engine |
PCT/EP2006/008001 WO2007028482A1 (en) | 2005-09-10 | 2006-08-12 | Internal combustion engine |
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DE102005043130A DE102005043130A1 (en) | 2005-09-10 | 2005-09-10 | Internal combustion engine |
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DE102005043130A1 true DE102005043130A1 (en) | 2007-03-15 |
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DE102005043130A Withdrawn DE102005043130A1 (en) | 2005-09-10 | 2005-09-10 | Internal combustion engine |
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WO (1) | WO2007028482A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE102009018735A1 (en) | 2009-04-27 | 2010-10-28 | Fev Motorentechnik Gmbh | Internal combustion engine has Otto-motor spontaneous ignition with internal- and external exhaust-gas recirculation systems, where cylinder pressure sensor stays in connection with control unit |
WO2013110429A1 (en) * | 2012-01-25 | 2013-08-01 | Daimler Ag | Internal combustion engine valve train device |
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JP2007315230A (en) * | 2006-05-24 | 2007-12-06 | Toyota Motor Corp | Apparatus for recirculating exhaust gas of internal combustion engine |
US10941680B2 (en) * | 2015-12-28 | 2021-03-09 | Eaton Corporation | Discrete variable valve lift engine systems and methods |
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US6439210B1 (en) * | 2000-07-12 | 2002-08-27 | Caterpillar Inc. | Exhaust gas reprocessing/recirculation with variable valve timing |
JP2002276405A (en) * | 2001-03-19 | 2002-09-25 | Isuzu Motors Ltd | Exhaust emission control device of diesel engine |
ITTO20010660A1 (en) * | 2001-07-06 | 2003-01-06 | Fiat Ricerche | MULTI-CYLINDER DIESEL ENGINE WITH VARIABLE VALVE OPERATION. |
EP1362176B1 (en) * | 2002-01-31 | 2005-03-30 | Mazda Motor Corporation | Spark ignition engine control device |
JP3994783B2 (en) * | 2002-04-19 | 2007-10-24 | 日産自動車株式会社 | Control device for internal combustion engine |
JP2003314309A (en) * | 2002-04-25 | 2003-11-06 | Hitachi Unisia Automotive Ltd | Variable valve control device of internal combustion engine |
DE50310803D1 (en) * | 2003-03-06 | 2009-01-02 | Ford Global Tech Llc | Internal combustion engine with an exhaust gas turbocharger and an exhaust gas recirculation system |
JP4005941B2 (en) * | 2003-06-03 | 2007-11-14 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Combustion control device and combustion control method for in-cylinder injection engine |
JP2007002668A (en) * | 2003-07-01 | 2007-01-11 | Tokudaiji Jidosha Bunka Kenkyusho:Kk | Diesel engine exhaust emission control device and control means |
EP1589213B1 (en) * | 2004-04-21 | 2006-07-19 | C.R.F. Società Consortile per Azioni | Turbo-charged diesel engine with a "Long Route" exhaust gas recirculation system |
FR2880068A1 (en) * | 2004-12-28 | 2006-06-30 | Renault Sas | Diesel engine control method for e.g. car, involves reintroducing external and internal exhaust gas recirculation gas, coming from exhaust or inlet valve, in cylinder during different operation points of diesel engine |
-
2005
- 2005-09-10 DE DE102005043130A patent/DE102005043130A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2006
- 2006-08-12 WO PCT/EP2006/008001 patent/WO2007028482A1/en active Application Filing
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102009018735A1 (en) | 2009-04-27 | 2010-10-28 | Fev Motorentechnik Gmbh | Internal combustion engine has Otto-motor spontaneous ignition with internal- and external exhaust-gas recirculation systems, where cylinder pressure sensor stays in connection with control unit |
WO2013110429A1 (en) * | 2012-01-25 | 2013-08-01 | Daimler Ag | Internal combustion engine valve train device |
CN104081027A (en) * | 2012-01-25 | 2014-10-01 | 戴姆勒股份公司 | Internal combustion engine valve train device |
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