DE102005002254B3 - Apparatus for the production of pressure-pressed ceramic articles - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a device (10) for producing pressure-pressed ceramic articles (12), in particular cups (14), which have a mouth edge (16) and a foot (18). The device (10) comprises a multi-part die casting mold (20) with a lower part (22), a top part (24) and side parts (26), through which a mold cavity (28) for the ceramic article (12) to be produced is determined and the a slurry feed (30; 30 ') opening into the mold cavity (28). To a temporally fast filling of the mold cavity (28), d. H. a reduced pressing time to realize, the die (20) at least one annular Schlickerverteilkammer (32, 32 ') on which from the mold cavity (28) has a defined distance and from the mold cavity (28) through an annular gap (34, 34') the die casting mold (20) is spaced. The annular gap (34; 34 ') fluidly connects the mold cavity (28) to the associated annular slip distribution chamber (32; 32').

Description

The The invention relates to a device for producing compression-molded ceramic objects, especially cups that have a mouth rim and a foot, with a multi-part die-casting mold, the lower part, an upper part and side parts defining a mold cavity, and having a slurry infusion into the mold cavity opens.

at The pressure-pressed ceramic objects may be other than cups for example, to act ceramic vases or the like.

The Lower part of the multi-part die-casting mold for the production of the compression-molded ceramic objects is designed as a core part, which is the top of the die-casting mold axially in alignment. The lower part, the upper part and the side parts are between one closed and one open Operating position adjustable back and forth. In the closed operating position The lower part, the upper part and the side parts determine the mold cavity the die casting mold. In the open Condition is the respective pressure-pressed ceramic article removable from the die casting mold.

at the known devices for the production of compression-molded ceramic objects is the multi-part die-casting mold designed such that the Schlickereinguss punctually, preferably on the mold cavity the respective thickest point of the ceramic article opens. there can depending on the shape and shape of the ceramic article, in particular Cup, in the mold cavity several punctual Schlickereinguts.

By However, such punctual Schlickereingüsse arises the Lack that flow resistance for the in the mold cavity to be pressed ceramic slip relative is great. The affects the filling and pressing times of the known devices adversely.

From the DE 73 14 626 U a device for casting a hollow vessel from a ceramic mass is known. This known device consists of a bottom ie lower part, a head ie upper part and side panels of porous material. In the mold cavity of the device, which is determined by these porous moldings, a ceramic slurry is introduced. After the body formation time or the application time, the remaining slurry is poured out by tilting the device. So this is a Schlickergießen and not a pressing of ceramic objects.

Of the Invention is the object of a device of the initially mentioned type to create, with the shorter filling and pressing times for the production pressure-pressed ceramic objects, in particular cups, are possible.

These The object is achieved in a device of the type mentioned in the present invention that the die casting mold at least one annular Schlickerverteilkammer having a defined distance from the article mold cavity and spaced from the article mold cavity by an annular gap is that the annular Sludge distribution chamber fluidly with connects to the mold cavity.

Thereby, that in the device according to the invention the Schlickereinguss not punctiform but annular in opens the mold cavity, There is the advantage that the filling of the mold cavity with ceramic slurry is comparatively quickly possible, and the pressing times are reduced accordingly, so that the inventive device a high productivity has.

at the device according to the invention can the ring-shaped Schlickerverteilkammer the mouth edge of the ceramic article be assigned and provided adjacent to the mouth edge. Similarly Is it possible, that the annular slip distribution chamber the foot of the associated ceramic article and adjacent to the foot is provided. Likewise, it is possible that both the mouth edge and the foot of the ceramic article each an annular Assigned Schlickerverteilkammer and adjacent to each of these is provided.

The fill Mold cavity of multi-piece die casting mold with ceramic Slip occurs over the at least one annular Sludge distribution chamber through the annular gap of the die into the mold cavity, wherein the ceramic slurry in the Mold cavity corresponding to the ceramic article to be produced is pressed. The pressing pressure is maintained for so long obtained until the ceramic article, in particular cup, completely formed is. Thereafter, the multi-part die-casting mold can be opened and the pressure-pressed ceramic object is removed from the die casting mold become.

The formed in the die casting ring gap between the at least one annularförmi gene Schlickerverteilkammer and the mold cavity has expediently a small gap width of 0.5 to 2 mm, preferably from 0.5 to 1 mm.

at a device according to the invention the above type, the die-casting mold can be used to fade through the annular gap caused ceramic material ridge of the pressure-pressed ceramic article to be downstream of a sponging device. With the help of the Abschwammvorrichtung mentioned, caused by the annular gap Ceramic material ridge after drying of the pressed ceramic Object is sponged.

The above-described device according to the invention is suitable for Press-pressed ceramic objects, in particular cups, vases o. The like., Which have a certain minimum wall thickness or not below. For the production of relatively thin-walled compression-molded ceramic objects, In particular cups o. The like. It has proved to be useful when the die casting the mouth edge of the ceramic article associated and spaced from the edge of the mouth an annular reinforcing edge chamber having, with the mouth edge of the ceramic article through a connecting ring gap fluidically is connected, and if the the mouth edge of the ceramic article associated annular Sludge distribution chamber on the side facing away from the edge of the mouth Shroud chamber spaced therefrom and fluidly connected thereto is.

By such a design of the device is the thin mouth edge of the thin one ceramic article with a through the reinforcing edge chamber The pressure casting mold realized reinforcing edge stiffened, so that when removing the still relatively soft pressure-pressed ceramic Object from the open Die casting mold an unwanted or undesirable deformation of the thin-walled pressure-pressed ceramic article is prevented or the Removal of the thin-walled pressure-pressed ceramic article from the die is easily possible. thin-walled Cups or the like are due to their low body strength so far practically not or only very difficult from a known Removable die-casting mold.

at a device of the above type, it has to be advantageous proved when the reinforcing edge chamber has a spherical or concave cross-sectional profile. in this connection it can be e.g. around a semicircular or a polygonal cross-sectional profile act. The clear width of the spherical cross-sectional profile should preferably ≥ 5 mm.

at the device according to the invention of the above kind, it is preferable when the die casting mold a receiving device for receiving and holding the pressure-pressed ceramic article and a grinding device for grinding through the reinforcing edge chamber and the connecting ring gap between the reinforcing edge chamber and the mold cavity conditional Keramikmaterialabschnittes, to the edge of the mouth of the compression-molded ceramic object, is arranged downstream. Through such training Is it possible, the pressed ceramic article in the critical region on the thin-walled Mouth margin with the help of the reinforcing edge to stiffen, wherein the pressure-pressed ceramic article to the width of the reinforcing edge and the connecting ring gap corresponding connecting ring extended is, and after drying the pressure-pressed ceramic article to the right length sanded or milled off becomes. The milling occurs after drying the pressure-pressed ceramic article with the help of a suitable milling tool.

The Receiving device may have a mushroom-like Saugeraufnahmekörper, which is rotatable about an axis of rotation and linear in the direction of the axis of rotation is adjustable. The grinding device may be a finger-shaped milling tool have, to the axis of rotation of the receiving device at least nearly vertically oriented radially and drivable for rotation about its longitudinal axis is.

Of the dried pressed ceramic article, especially cup, Vase o. The like., Sucked to the mushroom-like Saugeraufnahmekörper. The nipple receiving body is connected to a rotary drive and about its axis of rotation at least 360 ° rotatable and linear in the direction of the axis of rotation by means of a lifting device adjustable. The receiving device can be manually driven or as a robot attachment for be designed an automatic operation.

The inventive device has the advantages that the filling and pressing times for the production pressure-pressed ceramic objects, in particular cups, vases o. The like., Compared to the filling and pressing times of known generic devices essential are reduced, so that the productivity is increased accordingly, and that too also possible without problems is, very thin-walled pressure-pressed ceramic objects, in particular cups o. Like. To produce highly productive.

Further details, features and advantages will become apparent from the following description of two illustrated in the drawings embodiments of the device according to the invention for Her Position of pressure-pressed ceramic objects, in particular cups.

It demonstrate:

1 a schematic side view of a first embodiment of the device according to the invention,

2 one of the 1 similar schematic side view of a second embodiment of the device according to the invention, and

3 a schematic side view of the device according to 2 downstream receiving and grinding device.

1 shows a schematic side view of an embodiment of the device 10 for the production of pressure-pressed ceramic objects 12 , These items are in particular cups 14 holding a mouth edge 16 and a foot 18 exhibit.

The device 10 has a die casting mold 20 with a lower part 22 a shell 24 that with the lower part 22 axially aligned, and side panels 26 on. Through the lower part forming a core part 22 , the top arrow 24 and the side parts 26 is in the closed state of the die 20 a ceramic object 12 , especially cup 14 , corresponding mold cavity 28 determines, in which a ceramic slip is pressed. For this purpose, the die shows 20 a the edge of the mouth 16 of the ceramic article 12 assigned Schlickereinguss 30 and / or one's foot 18 of the ceramic article 12 assigned Schlickereinguss 30 ' on. The respective slip pouring 30 . 30 ' is with an annular Schlickerverteilkammer 32 . 32 ' fluidically connected. The respective slip distribution chamber 32 . 32 ' is in the die casting mold 20 from the edge of the mouth 16 or from the foot 18 provided slightly defined spaced. The respective annular Schlickerverteilkammer 32 . 32 ' is from the edge of the mouth 16 or from the foot 18 of the ceramic article through a narrow annular gap 34 . 34 ' spaced. The respective annular gap 34 . 34 ' connects the respective slip distribution chamber 32 . 32 ' fluidically with the mold cavity 28 ,

The filling of the mold cavity 28 the closed die casting mold 20 takes place via the annular slip distribution chamber 32 . 32 ' , wherein the ceramic slip through the respectively associated narrow annular gap 34 . 34 ' into the mold cavity 28 is pressed. The pressure is maintained until this time in the mold cavity 28 the ceramic object 12 , especially cup 14 , is fully formed. After that, the die-casting mold becomes 20 opened and the cup 14 taken.

The die casting mold 20 is a by a block schematically indicated sponging device 36 downstream. This reordering of the sponging device 36 is through the dashed arrow line 38 illustrated schematically. The sponging device 36 serves to fade the through the respective annular gap 34 . 34 ' conditional ceramic material ridge 40 . 40 ' from the pressed ceramic article 12 ,

The die casting mold 20 according to 1 can only with a Schlickereinguss 30 or 30 ' with fluidically associated annular Schlickerverteilkammer 32 or 32 ' be educated.

The device according to 1 is particularly suitable for the production of ceramic objects 12 , especially cups 14 that have a certain minimum wall thickness. For very thin-walled ceramic objects 12 , especially cups 14 , it is when removing the respective ceramic article 12 from the die casting mold 20 not reliably avoidable that the still relatively soft ceramic object 12 especially in the area of its mouth edge 16 is deformed and therefore constitutes a committee. Such thin-walled ceramic objects 12 , especially cups 14 , So far are due to their relatively low body strength practically not or only very difficult from the die casting 20 refer to. To remedy this situation, the device 10 according to 2 proposed. This device 10 has a die-casting mold 20 with a lower part 22 a shell 24 and side panels 26 on, by in the closed state of the die casting mold 20 a mold cavity 28 for the ceramic article 12 , especially cup 14 , is determined. The ceramic object 12 has a mouth edge 16 and a foot 18 on. The edge of the mouth 16 of the ceramic article 12 , especially cup 14 , is an annular slip distribution chamber 32 associated with a slurry infusion 30 fluidically connected, in the lower part forming a core part 22 the die casting mold 20 is trained.

In this embodiment, the die has 20 the edge of the mouth 16 of the ceramic article 12 assigned and from the edge of the mouth 16 spaced an annular reinforcing edge chamber, which with the mouth edge 16 of the ceramic article 12 through a connecting ring gap 44 fluidically connected. The annular reinforcing edge chamber 42 is with the annular slip distribution chamber 32 through a narrow annular gap 34 fluidically connected. The annular reinforcing edge chamber 42 is between the edge of the mouth 16 and the annular Schli ckerverteilkammer 32 provided and with the edge of the mouth 16 through the connecting ring gap 44 and with the annular slip distribution chamber 32 through the annular gap 34 fluidically connected.

The annular reinforcing edge chamber 42 has a spherical cross-sectional profile, ie a concave contour 46 , on.

3 illustrates a recording device 48 that of the device 10 according to 2 is downstream, and a mushroom-like Saugeraufnahmekörper 50 having. The nipple receiving body 50 is about a rotation axis 52 rotatable, which is indicated by the arcuate arrow 54 is indicated, and in the direction of the axis of rotation 52 linear adjustable, which is indicated by the double arrow 56 is clarified.

The recording device 48 necessary for picking up and holding in the device 10 manufactured pressed ceramic article 12 serves is with a grinder 58 combined, for grinding the through the reinforcing edge chamber 42 and the connecting ring gap 44 conditional ceramic material section 60 , to the edge of the mouth 16 of the pressed ceramic article 12 , is provided. The grinding device 58 has a finger-shaped milling tool 62 on, that to the axis of rotation 52 the receiving device 48 at least approximately vertically oriented radially and about its longitudinal axis 64 is rotationally driven. That's through the arched arrow 66 indicated.

The Saugaufnahmekörper 50 the receiving device 48 is connectable to a vacuum source (not shown).

Through the ceramic material section 60 passing through the annular reinforcing edge chamber 42 and the connecting ring gap 44 the die-casting mold at the edge of the mouth 16 of the thin-walled ceramic article 12 material integral is formed, there is a stiffening of the thin-walled ceramic article 12 especially on the deformed edge of the mouth 16 so that the thin-walled object 12 easily, ie taken without unwanted and desired deformation of the die and on the receiving device 48 can be arranged. After drying the thin-walled ceramic article 12 then becomes the ceramic material section 60 abraded ie milled away, so that the thin-walled ceramic object 12 , especially cup 14 , with defined mouth edge 16 results.

The milling of the ceramic material section 60 takes place after drying the thin-walled ceramic article 12 with the help of the finger-shaped milling tool 62 , This is the ceramic object 12 which is attached to the teat-absorbing body 50 is sucked in, at least 360 ° around the axis of rotation 52 turned around. In addition, a linear adjustment of the Saugeraufnahmekörpers 50 with the ceramic object held on it 12 in the direction of the arrow 56 relative to the grinding device 58 ,

10

Device (for 12 )

12

ceramic object

14

Cup (from 12 )

16

Mouth Rim (from 12 respectively. 14 )

18

Foot (from 12 respectively. 14 )

20

Die casting mold (from 10 For 12 respectively. 14 )

22

Lower part (from 20 )

24

Upper part (from 20 )

26

Side panel (from 20 )

28

Mold cavity (in 20 For 12 respectively. 14 )

30 30 '

Slip pouring (for 28 )

32 32 '

annular slip distribution chamber (from 20 )

34 34 '

Annular gap (between 16 respectively. 18 and 32 respectively. 32 ' )

36

Abschwammvorrichtung (for 12 )

38

dashed arrow line (between 10 and 36 )

40 40 '

Ceramic material ridge (by 34 respectively. 34 ' at 12 respectively. 14 )

42

annular reinforcing edge chamber (from 20 between 16 and 32 )

44

Connecting ring gap (between 16 and 42 )

46

convex outer contour (from 42 )

48

Recording device (for 12 respectively. 14 )

50

Suction cup body (from 48 )

52

Rotary axis (from 50 )

54

arcuate arrow (at 52 )

56

Double arrow (at 52 )

58

Grinding device (for 12 respectively. 14 )

60

Ceramic material section (on 16 )

62

finger-shaped milling tool (from 58 )

64

Longitudinal axis (from 62 )

66

arcuate arrow (at 64 )

Claims (9)

Apparatus for the production of pressure-pressed ceramic articles ( 12 ), especially cups ( 14 ), which has a mouth rim ( 16 ) and a foot ( 18 ), with a multi-part die casting mold ( 20 ), which is a lower part ( 22 ), a top ( 24 ) and side parts ( 26 ), through which a mold cavity ( 28 ), and which is a slip feed ( 30 ; 30 ' ), which in the mold cavity ( 28 ), characterized in that the die casting mold ( 20 ) at least one annular slip distribution chamber ( 32 ; 32 ' ), which from the mold cavity ( 28 ) has a defined distance and from the mold cavity ( 28 ) through an annular gap ( 34 ; 34 ' ) of the die casting mold ( 20 ) which separates the slip distribution chamber ( 32 ; 32 ' ) fluidically with the mold cavity ( 28 ) connects. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the annular Schlickerverteilkammer ( 32 ) the edge of the mouth ( 16 ) of the ceramic article ( 12 ) and to the edge of the mouth ( 16 ) is provided adjacent. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the annular Schlickerverteilkammer ( 32 ' ) the foot ( 18 ) of the ceramic article ( 12 ) and to the foot ( 18 ) is provided adjacent. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the annular gap ( 34 ; 34 ' ) of the die casting mold ( 20 ) has a gap width of 0.5 to 2 mm, preferably 0.5 to 1 mm. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the die ( 20 ) to the sponging through the annular gap ( 34 ; 34 ' ) conditional ceramic material burr ( 40 ; 40 ' ) of the pressed ceramic article ( 12 ) a sponging device ( 36 ) is subordinate. Apparatus according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the die casting mold ( 20 ) the edge of the mouth ( 16 ) of the ceramic article ( 12 ) and from the edge of the mouth ( 16 ) spaced an annular reinforcing edge chamber ( 42 ), which with the mouth edge ( 16 ) of the ceramic article ( 12 ) through a connecting ring gap ( 34 ) is fluidically connected, and that the mouth edge ( 16 ) of the ceramic article ( 12 ) associated annular Schlickerverteilkammer ( 32 ) on the edge of the mouth ( 16 ) facing away from the annular reinforcing edge chamber ( 42 ), spaced therefrom and fluidly connected with it, is provided. Apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that the reinforcing edge chamber ( 42 ) has a spherical cross-sectional profile. Apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that the die casting mold ( 20 ) a receiving device ( 48 ) for receiving and holding the pressure-pressed ceramic article ( 12 ) and a grinding device ( 58 ) for abrading the through the annular reinforcing edge chamber ( 42 ) and the connecting ring gap ( 44 ) conditional ceramic material section ( 60 ), to the edge of the mouth ( 16 ) of the pressed ceramic article ( 12 ), is subordinate. Apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that the receiving device ( 48 ) a mushroom-like teat-receiving body ( 50 ), which around a rotation axis ( 52 ) and in the direction of the axis of rotation ( 52 ) is linearly adjustable, and that the grinding device ( 58 ) a finger-shaped milling tool ( 62 ) facing the axis of rotation ( 52 ) of the recording device ( 48 ) oriented at least approximately perpendicularly radially and about its longitudinal axis ( 64 ) is rotationally driven.