DE10114844A1 - Self-adjusting clutch release stop for motor vehicles has fixed inner raceway engaging positively via shell-shaped segments on support ring - Google Patents

Abstract

The device is esp. for an interrupting clutch. It consists of a roller bearing with fixed inner raceway (3) and rotating outer raceway (2), and roller bodies (5) between the rings. A spring device connected to the interrupter clutch is supported on a ring flange of the outer raceway. An inclined flange (11) of the inner raceway is positively supported via complementary shell-shaped segments (14,15) on a contact section (13) of a support ring (7a). At least one of the segments is formed to have wear and friction-reducing effect.

Description

Field of the Invention

The invention relates to a release bearing, which is preferably in Ausrückvor directions for shifting clutches used in motor vehicles sets is. The release bearing is constructed as an inclined shoulder bearing Rolling bearing designed with a torsionally rigid inner ring and a circumferential outer ring. Between the bearing rings are in a cage set rolling elements guided. The circumferential, outer bearing ring is supported non-positively a directly or indirectly with the disconnect clutch tied spring means, in particular a disc spring or its disc spring pliers. The release bearing is designed so that this is a minor manufacturing-related offset of the directly with the release bearing in verbin components are compensated in which the release bearing opposite a component on which it is supported is pivotable.  

Background of the Invention

Self-aligning or self-aligning release bearings are used to a production-related axial impact of the disconnect clutch or their Compensate disc spring. This measure is intended to reduce wear adorned and the life of the release bearing can be increased.

In the release device, the release bearing is together with a housing se axially displaceable on a guide sleeve. The axial ver sliding of the housing or an associated crimp ring and thus connected release bearing for engaging and disengaging the shift clutch takes place via a release lever or a central release, the Aus return movement by means of a clutch pedal or automated by a Clutch actuator can be initiated. The structure of the release bearing provides that both the circumferential bearing ring and the torsionally rigid are attached arranged bearing ring over a ring base on the disc spring or indirectly or are supported directly on the housing. When installed, can the release bearing a so-called axial stroke of the disc springs or their Spring washers are exposed to the wear and tear of the release bearing increases and thus reduces the service life. This especially leads to an axial runout caused by the disc springs to a clutch plucking and thus to loss of comfort. Due tolerance it can be in the installed state of the release device or Ausrückla there is an axially parallel offset of the force-transmitting shafts, between which the release bearing or the release device is arranged. The structure of the release bearing should therefore be self-adjusting or Enable self-adjustment that compensates for an axis-parallel offset and thus prevents loss of comfort due to disadvantageous vibration.

To compensate or compensate for such a disadvantageous axial or Different solutions are known to strike the disc spring.  

DE 72 45 141 U discloses a release bearing arrangement in which between the spring tongues of the plate spring and the circumferential inner ring an adjustment ring is provided, with a contact surface between the adjusting ring and the inner ring is designed in the form of a spherical cap. The disadvantage is that Known solution two components made of steel, which are used to achieve a Self-adjustment are based directly on each other. This measure leads to the formation of friction rust and thus high wear.

Summary of the invention

Taking into account the disadvantages of known solutions, it is the task of the inventor to realize a self-adjusting release bearing that is maintenance-free, noise-optimized a long service life enables and inexpensive is adjustable.

To achieve this object, the torsionally rigid is provided according to the invention arranged inner bearing ring of the release bearing with an inclined, oblique to provide running inward flange or ring base, the in the installed state on a support ring non-positively, the Contact area shows complementary spherical cap segments. This device for self-adjustment of the release bearing is on the of Belleville spring side of the release bearing provided that is sufficient Installation space creates, in order to achieve a large contact area. In order to there is an advantageously low surface pressure between the one self components that enable the release bearing. This measure me advantageously reduces wear while avoiding one adverse noise. Furthermore, this enables fiction concept, even without any maintenance, a significantly increased service life. The design of the contact area in which at least one spherical cap segment is designed to reduce wear and reduce friction, for example se through a corresponding choice of materials of the friction partners in the contact area rich, decisively improves the possibility of self-adjustment between between the inner bearing ring and the support ring due to reduced friction.  

The inventive support of the inner bearing ring on the support ring also prevents permanent rust formation, which is disadvantageous affects wear and noise. Avoids at the same time the invention sustained the comfort-restricting clutch plucking in which damped the axial shocks triggered by the disconnect clutch or compensated to be initiated in the release bearing. The disadvantageous immediate bare support of components made of steel, the adjusting ring and the support ring according to previous solutions prevents the invention. The Ent Coupling these components also results in noise-optimized support Zung. The measures to reduce wear and reduce friction the spherical segment are provided so that they take up the space of the Do not disadvantageously enlarge the release bearing. The measure according to the invention is still inexpensive to manufacture and does not require a special handle exercise during assembly.

Advantageous refinements are the subject of dependent claims 2 to 25.

An advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that on the flange of the inner ring when installed on that facing away from the support ring Side a pressure ring is provided. This component in conjunction with a Spring means causes an axial preload with which the inner ring of the off abutment on the support ring. The pressure ring forms a complete spherical cap segment designed mentally to the outer contour of the inner ring, which causes the release bearing to self-align with the support ring is guaranteed.

The invention includes various measures to reduce wear and tear Friction in the contact area between the flange of the inner ring and to prevent or reduce the support ring. A first measure relates on a surface coating, at least one component of the Flange of the inner ring or the support ring in the area of the contact area for example, has a molybdenum coating.  

Another measure provides for a component to have a separate sliding element assign that from a friction-reducing and wear-resistant plant fabric is made.

In the same way, according to the invention to achieve a wear-resistant and friction-reducing support between the pressure ring and the Flange of the inner ring in the contact zone at least one component with a ge suitable surface coating or alternatively as a Kugelka solder segment designed separate sliding element used.

The measures according to the invention advantageously avoid in one assembled state, a direct contact of the support ring or pressure ring the flange of the inner ring. This concept enables or improves one maintenance-free, low-friction and damping self-adjustment between the components that can be pivoted against each other.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the sliding element is provided assign a segment-wide system to a component. This training improves the adhesion of the sliding element because of tension due to different expansion coefficients between the difference materials are largely eliminated.

To compensate for the different expansion coefficients according to the Invention alternatively provided, the sliding elements with at least one the longitudinal slot corresponding to the axis of symmetry of the release bearing Mistake. Instead of one slot, the sliding element can continue to have several have circumferentially distributed slots, which also change attached to the inside or outside of the sliding element are. A straight line slot arrangement can also be substituted are characterized by a meandering or oblique slot shape.  

In order to achieve reduced manufacturing costs, the invention provides to produce the sliding element by injection molding. This procedure offers the Possibility to compensate for expansion stresses in the installation position of the Sliding element due to different coefficients of expansion in the Slide the necessary slots or grooves.

Regardless of the design of the sliding element is according to the invention provided to fasten this component in a form-fitting manner on the carrier component. For this purpose, the area provided for receiving the sliding element is preferred che provided with grooves or recesses in the projections or pins of the sliding element are guided or locked therein. This measure ensures at the same time for effective protection against rotation of the sliding element the carrier component.

Furthermore, the invention comprises a non-positive fastening of the slide element, for which in particular an adhesive is provided. The one there preferred high-temperature adhesive is suitable for unevenness between equalize the receiving surface and the sliding element to achieve a large-area contact, without the risk of an adverse void bil dung. Another embodiment of the invention comprises a sliding element, which ches as a covering directly on the corresponding surface of the support component is sprayed on. This measure has the advantage that it is tolerant of diameter The components to be paired are largely eliminated.

To create a secure attachment and at the same time prevent rotation it makes sense to use grooves or grooves in the receiving surface of the carrier component to introduce circumferential folds, which the injection molding of the material of Filled sliding element, effect an effective fixation of the sliding element ken. The sliding element and the support component, in particular the flange of the Inner ring as well as the support ring and the pressure ring require careful Material selection taking into account optimal wear and friction properties, cost-effective production and assembly. For the inner ring Steel is preferably provided as the material. The constructive design enables  light a non-cutting production, in particular a deep-drawing process with which these components can also be produced inexpensively in large batch sizes. to Achieving sufficient strength, especially wear resistance, is the flange of the inner ring, at least in the contact area with the support ring heat treated.

Steel is also suitable as the material for the support ring and the pressure ring or a material that is manufactured by means of an extrusion process rens enables. Furthermore, these components can be made of suitable others Materials are manufactured that with respect to wear and friction required conditions.

For the sliding element, a high-temperature-resistant and wear-resistant plastic is particularly preferred, in particular duroplastic. This material can be mixed with carbon fiber, MoS ₂ components, PTFE additives or epoxy resins, which are introduced together or partially. Such thermosets decisively improve the service life of the sliding element without adversely increasing the manufacturing costs. Alternatively, it is advisable to use a sliding element made of PPA or PA 46, which is also reinforced with additives, for example carbon fiber components, or with PTFE components to reduce friction.

The invention also includes a sliding element made of ceramic on. This material has a high wear resistance and can in ver Bond with suitable joining agents or adhesives permanently to the corresponding Corresponding support components are attached.

The invention is not limited to the aforementioned materials or Material combinations from which the sliding element can be manufactured. Rather, the invention also includes materials whose properties visibly the friction and wear behavior as well as the processability are suitable for the application according to the invention.  

According to the invention, a built support ring can also be used, which is advantageously supplied from one of the form spring of the release device arranged ring flange and a support ring. A suitable one Material combination comprises a ring flange made of steel, the is combined with a ceramic support ring. Alternatively, there is also a one-piece, made exclusively of steel, with a sliding element ver tied pressure ring can be used as well as a thermoset or Ceramic pressure ring.

According to the invention, a pressure ring is preferably formed in one piece Detes component provided. Both a solidly designed one is suitable Pressure ring, which is produced for example by an extrusion process, as also a pressure ring manufactured without cutting using a deep-drawing process. In the Installation position is the pressure ring by means of a disc spring on the Supported flange of the inner ring. To achieve a uniform ver pushing force, the disc spring is supported on a perpendicular to a symmetry axis of the release bearing running surface on the pressure ring.

The structure of the release bearing according to the invention further comprises one non-rotating against the inner ring. In addition, the Verse flange of the inner ring with a protruding cam, for example hen, in the installed position in a coincident with the swivel direction of the release bearing aligned groove of the support ring positive intervenes. This measure prevents the inner ring from rotating over the support ring.

The invention also includes a space-optimized release bearing. because the inner torsionally rigid bearing ring is almost cylindrical. As a separate component, the bearing ring has a non-positive connection to the support ring attached flange attached. This structure enables a shift the contact area of the Ku formed by the support ring and the flange Gelkalotfensegmente in the direction of the disc spring. Associated with it decreased the axial length of the release bearing.  

An advantageous design of the release bearing according to the invention provides that these spherical segments in the contact area at an angle are arranged from ≧ 20 ° to an axis of symmetry of the release bearing. Farther form the spherical segment-shaped components in the area of the contact surface a radius of ≧ 25 mm.

The invention is also transferable to a release bearing, which is exclusively a self-attitude, d. H. a displacement of the inner ring compared to the Support ring allows. In contrast, no self-adjustment, in which the entire Release bearing moves opposite the flare ring. This mode of action will achieved by a play-free guidance or arrangement of the support ring on the Crimped.

Brief description of the drawings

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to three figures. It demonstrate:

Figure 1 in a half section an inventive release bearing.

Fig. 2 is a largely identical to Figure 1 from back bearing, with a built support ring;

Fig. 3 is a clutch release bearing which is provided with an integrally designed support ring;

Figure 4 is a release bearing provided with an additional spherical support ring.

Fig. 5 is a component-optimized release bearing;

Fig. 6 shows a release bearing according to FIG. 5 with an integral inner ring.

Detailed description of the drawings

1 shows the structure of a release bearing 1 according to the invention . According to this, the release bearing 1 is provided with a circumferential outer ring 2 and a torsionally rigid inner ring 3 , between which rolling elements 5 inserted in a cage 4 are guided. In the installed state, the back bearing 1 is connected between a plate spring 6 connected to a clutch separator ( not shown in FIG. 1) and a support ring 7 a which also cooperates with a form spring not shown in FIG. 1. The support ring 7 a is used in a holding element 8 , on the flange 9 of which is not shown in FIG. 1, the compression spring, which is mutually supported by the support ring 7 a on the flange 9 . The holding element 8 is positioned on an axially displaceable flange ring 10 , which in the built-in state was snapped onto a piston which slides on a guide sleeve which concentrically encloses a drive shaft connecting the internal combustion engine to the manual transmission. The inner ring 3 is supported on a sliding element 12 assigned to the support ring 7 a via an obliquely inwardly oriented flange 11 . In a contact area 13 between the inner ring 11 and the sliding element 12 , these mutually supported components form spherical cap segments 14 , 15 . The example made of plastic or a sliding bearing material sliding element 12 light enables a low-wear, friction-reducing displacement of the flange 11 and thus the release bearing 1 relative to the support ring 7 a. To compensate for expansion stresses, the sliding element 12 is provided with at least one slot 34 on the side facing the support ring 7 a.

On the side facing away from the contact area 13, the pressure ring 17 a is supported on the flange 11 in a contact zone 16 . The components flange 11 and pressure ring 17 a in the contact zone 16 also form spherical segments 18 , 19 . On a right-angled to an axis of symmetry 20 of the back bearing 1 oriented end face 21 of the pressure ring 17 a is supported on the inside on a board 23 of the flanging ring 10 plate spring 22 to achieve a positive fit of the flange 11 on the support ring 7 a and the flange 9 of the crimp ring 10 .

The Figs. 2 to 6 show embodiments of the depicted in FIG. 1, the release bearing 1. Components that correspond to the release bearing 1 shown in FIG. 1 are provided with the same reference numbers. The further description relates to the different components in FIG. 1 in the other variants.

In Fig. 2, the release bearing 1 is provided with the support ring 7 b, which forms the holding element 25 with an annular flange 24 . The support ring 7 b made of a wear-resistant, friction-reducing material simultaneously takes on the function of a sliding element. For this purpose, for example, a suitable plastic, such as a thermoset, can be provided, which can be produced by an injection molding process and can be connected to the ring flange 24 without rework. Alternatively, ceramics are also suitable. To achieve egg ner positive connection between the support ring 7 b and the ring flange 24 , the support ring 7 b is provided with at least one projecting cam 26 which engages in a receptacle 27 of the ring flange 24 . The construction parts of the holding element 25 are preferably non-releasably connected by an adhesive force. The support ring 7 b forms on the inner circumference an axially projecting projection 28 on which the pressure ring 17 b is guided.

In Fig. 3, the release bearing 1 is provided with a one-piece support ring 7 c. The support ring 7 c made of ceramic or a suitable plastic, such as thermoset or thermoplastic and simultaneously taking over the function of the sliding element, is assigned to the guide sleeve 10 and forms an annular flange 29 for the pre-compression spring. The release bearing 1 shown in FIG. 3 is also provided with a non-cutting, preferably by a Tiefziehver drive ring 17 c provided with a V-shaped cross-sectional profile. On a first, radially aligned leg 30 of the pressure ring 17 c, the plate spring 22 is supported. The other leg 31 of the pressure ring 17 c is non-positively via the contact zone 16 on the flange 11 connected to the inner ring 3 . The flange 11 of the inner ring 3 is provided in the contact area 13 with a cam 32 which engages in a form-fitting manner in a groove 33 and thus forms an anti-rotation device for the release bearing 1 with respect to the support ring 7 c.

The release bearing 1 according to Fig. 4 shows an inner bearing ring 35 d is applied with a designed as a separate component intermediate ring 36 to the support ring 7. These components assembled into one unit, the bearing ring 35 and the flange 36 enable a release bearing 1 which is optimized in terms of installation space in the axial direction.

In FIG. 5, the release bearing 1 is also provided with the bearing ring 35 to which the intermediate ring is fixed non-detachably 36th In contrast to FIG. 4, no flare ring 10 is assigned to the support ring 7 e. This structure requires instead of a pre-pressure spring, which moves the release bearing 1 against the Tellerfe 6 , for example, a pre-pressure valve or any other pressure source. By eliminating the flange ring 10 and the pre-compression spring, both the component size and the axial space required for the release bearing are reduced.

FIG. 6 shows the release bearing 1 according to FIG. 5 with a one-piece bearing ring 37 . On the side facing the outer ring 2 , the inner bearing ring 37 is provided with a double 38 , to which the radially inwardly facing flange 11 is connected. For the frictional contact of the flange 11's on the support ring 7 f, a pressure ring 17 d designed as a deep-drawn part is used. An inner cylindrical sleeve portion 39 of the pressure ring is centered on the inner circumference of the support ring 7 f. With an outer, parallel to the sleeve portion 39 leg 40 , the pressure ring 17 d is supported on the flange 11 of the bearing ring 37 . Here, an end portion of the angle 40 is angled to achieve a larger contact area.

reference numerals

1

release bearing

2

outer ring

3

inner ring

4

Cage

5

rolling elements

6

Diaphragm spring fingers

7

a support ring

7

b support ring

7

c support ring

7

d support ring

7

e support ring

7

f support ring

8th

retaining element

9

flange

10

Crimped

11

flange

12

Slide

13

contact area

14

Kugelkalottensegment

15

Kugelkalottensegment

16

contact zone

17

a pressure ring

17

b pressure ring

17

c pressure ring

17

d pressure ring

18

Kugelkalottensegment

19

Kugelkalottensegment

20

axis of symmetry

21

front

22

Belleville spring

23

shelf

24

annular flange

25

retaining element

26

cam

27

admission

28

approach

29

annular flange

30

leg

31

leg

32

cam

33

groove

34

slot

35

bearing ring

36

intermediate ring

37

bearing ring

38

duplication

39

sleeve section

40

leg

Claims (25)

1. Disengagement bearing, preferably for a shifting clutch used in motor vehicles, consisting of a roller bearing designed as an inclined shoulder bearing, which comprises a torsionally rigid inner ring ( 3 ) and a circumferential outer ring ( 2 ), and rolling elements ( 5 ) guided between the two bearing rings, one with the switching disconnect clutch connected spring means is supported on an annular flange of the outer ring ( 2 ) and to achieve a self-adjusting back bearing ( 1 ) an inclined flange ( 11 ) of the inner ring ( 2 ) on a support ring ( 7 a to 7 e) via complementary designed Kugelka solder segments ( 14 , 15 ) are non-positively supported in a contact area ( 13 ), at least one spherical segment ( 14 , 15 ) being designed to reduce wear and reduce friction. 2. release bearing according to claim 1, wherein a pressure ring ( 17 a to 17 c) on the flange ( 11 ) of the inner ring ( 3 ) on the support ring ( 7 a to 7 e) facing away non-positively, the flange ( 11 ) and the pressure ring ( 17 a to 17 c) in a contact zone ( 16 ) form complementarily shaped spherical cap segments ( 18 , 19 ). 3. release bearing according to claim 1, wherein in the contact area ( 13 ) at least one component, the flange ( 11 ) of the inner ring ( 3 ) or the support ring ( 7 a to 7 e) has a wear-reducing and friction-reducing coating of the surface. 4. release bearing according to claim 1, wherein in the contact area ( 13 ) between the flange's ( 11 ) of the inner ring ( 3 ) and the support ring ( 7 a) one of these components, a separate, a spherical segment forming, made of a friction-reducing, wear-resistant material Sliding element ( 12 ) is assigned. 5. release bearing according to claim 2, wherein in the contact area ( 13 ) rule between the pressure ring ( 17 to 17 c) and the flange ( 11 ) of the inner ring ( 3 ) at least one component has a wear-reducing and friction-reducing coating of the surface or as Kugelka solder segment designed sliding element made of a friction-reducing wear-resistant material is used. 6. release bearing according to claim 1, wherein the sliding element ( 12 ) on an inside or on an outside has at least one slot ( 34 ). 7. release bearing according to claim 1, the sliding element ( 12 ) is made by an injection molding process. 8. release bearing according to claim 1, wherein the sliding element ( 12 ) positively on the flange ( 11 ) of the inner ring ( 3 ), the support ring ( 7 a) or the pressure ring ( 17 a) is attached. 9. release bearing according to claim 1, wherein the sliding element ( 12 ) is sprayed as a coating directly on a support member. 10. release bearing according to claim 1, wherein the sliding element ( 12 ) on the one hand and the flange ( 11 ) of the inner ring ( 3 ), the support ring ( 7 a) and the pressure ring ( 17 a) on the other hand are made of different materials Herge. 11. release bearing according to claim 10, wherein the sliding element ( 12 ) is made of a thermoplastic or a thermoset. 12. release bearing according to claim 10, wherein the sliding element ( 12 ) is made of ceramic. 13. release bearing according to claim 1, provided with a built holding element ( 25 ), consisting of an associated compression spring, ra dial aligned ring flange ( 24 ) to which the support ring ( 7 b) is directly attached. 14. release bearing according to claim 13, wherein a steel flange ring ( 24 ) with a plastic or ceramic support ring ( 7 b) is combined. 15. release bearing according to claim 1, wherein a one-piece support ring ( 7 c), which simultaneously takes over the function of the holding element is made of ceramic or a high-strength plastic. 16. release bearing according to claim 2, wherein the integrally designed pressure ring ( 17 a, 17 b) by means of a plate spring ( 22 ) is non-positively supported on the flange ( 11 ) of the inner ring ( 3 ). 17. release bearing according to claim 16, wherein the pressure ring ( 17 a, 17 b) is designed as a solid injection molded part or extruded part. 18. release bearing according to claim 2, provided with a non-cutting producible ren, designed as a deep-drawn part pressure ring ( 17 c). 19. release bearing according to claim 1, wherein the plate spring ( 22 ) on a perpendicular to an axis of symmetry ( 20 ) of the release bearing ( 1 ) extending end face ( 21 ) of the pressure ring ( 17 a to 17 c) is supported. 20. Release bearing according to claim 1, wherein the flange ( 11 ) of the inner ring ( 3 ) rests against rotation on the support ring ( 7 c). 21. Release bearing according to claim 20, wherein the flange ( 11 ) of the inner ring ( 3 ) has at least one projecting cam ( 32 ) which, in an installed position, is aligned with a groove ( 33 ) of the support ring ( 33 ) that is aligned with a pivoting direction of the release bearing ( 1 ). 7 c) intervenes positively. 22. Release bearing according to claim 1, with a torsionally rigid, inner bearing ring ( 35 ) on which an intermediate ring ( 36 ) is permanently attached, the verse hen with a spherical segment ( 15 ) on the support ring ( 7 e). 23. Release bearing according to claim 1, wherein the spherical cap segments ( 14 , 15 ; 18 , 19 ) are arranged to extend at an angle of ≧ 20 ° to the axis of symmetry ( 20 ) of the release bearing ( 1 ). 24. Release bearing according to claim 1, wherein the components which form the spherical spherical segments ( 14 , 15 ) have a radius of ≧ 25 mm. 25. Release bearing according to claim 1, wherein the support ring ( 7 b) is guided without play on the flanging ring ( 10 ).