DE10058736B4 - Device for the simultaneous electrical connection of the main conductors of a power supply line, each with at least one branch conductor, in particular Schraubkompaktklemme - Google Patents

Abstract

contraption for simultaneously electrically connecting the main conductors (1) one Power supply line, each with at least one branch conductor (2), In particular cable branch terminal (4), wherein the device has two joinable together and contact body (32) carrying clamp (3) made of an electrically insulating plastic, in whose Put together the contact bodies (32), to each of which a branch conductor (2) can be connected, in electrical connection with one main conductor (1) can be brought are characterized in that the plastic to increase the Stiffness of the clamp (3) reinforced with fibers is and that the device when assembling the clamping bodies (3) spacers which can be applied to an insulation of the main conductors (1) (11), by means of which the clamping brackets (3) on the main conductors (1) can be fixed without the contact body (32) assigned to each Contact the main conductor (1) electrically.

Description

The The invention relates to a device according to the preamble of the claim 1.

Generic devices are, for example, from the product information PFISTERER Kabeltechnik: Connect, Connect, branch off, no. 1 1999, p. 34 and 35 known as cable branch terminals. They each have two substantially semicircular clamping bracket Metal, for example, forged aluminum, on, with insulating Inserts are provided. The clamps are around the main ladder a power supply line laid, the outer jacket insulation previously in a corresponding length was discontinued. Then the branch cables or branch conductors stripped, the insulated branch conductor bent and fitting tailored. Then be the bare conductor ends of the branch conductors in the branch hole introduced the known Schraubkompaktklemme.

These Work had to be in the switched-off state of the power supply line done and / or the fitter had to wear personal protective clothing such as create fully insulated gloves, tools and the like or use. The assembled branch terminal is finally closed in a socket sealed moisture-proof. The size of the sleeve and in particular the volume of the encapsulant to be introduced is determined by the dimensions the branch terminal determined.

The DE 44 05 964 C1 shows a device with two identically shaped halves of a plastic terminal housing, wherein on each half of the housing, a guide and closure body is arranged, which is displaceable relative to the housing half.

Of the Invention is based on the problem, a generic device to provide, by which the assembly of the device even at live Power supply line without elaborate protection device or Tools can be done safely. The device should still be a permanent and good electrical connection between the main conductor and ensure the respective branch conductor. The dimensions the branch terminal and thus the volume of the potting compound to be introduced from economic and ecological establish be minimized.

The Problem is solved by the device defined in claim 1. Special embodiments The invention are defined in the subclaims.

Thereby, that the clamp consist of an electrically insulating plastic, which increase the Stiffness reinforced with fibers is, in particular with glass fibers of a length of more than 5 mm, can are omitted on insulating inserts or these are in the clamp integrated. This increases the insulation wall thickness to still existing metallic parts of the branch terminal, in particular contact body and clamping screws, and the risk of flashovers or voltage breakdowns of one segment to the other segment is reduced. Furthermore is the risk of a short circuit in the event of a breakage of the device due to mechanical overload reduced in case of improper installation.

in the With regard to the sleeve to be attached and the branched terminal the distance of the metallic parts to the socket shell is increased, whereby smaller sleeves are used, which also has a smaller volume on potting compound require.

The clamp and the optional wedge are structurally designed so that too at changing temperatures and different thermal Expansion coefficients of the plastic, the metallic parts and the potting compound always a stable state of tension of the branch terminal with the Main and branch conductors guaranteed is.

The clamp can one piece in particular at its the insertion opening for the branch conductor opposite face a stop for Have the branch conductor, so that the branch conductor or its conductive core, which as well as the main conductor a solid wire or can be multi-wire, finger-safe can be accommodated in the branch terminal.

One from the clamp preferably in one piece trained spacer allows the branch terminal on the Main conductor cable to fix, without the contact body already penetrate the insulation of the main conductors. In this tensionless State can the branch conductors are connected to the respective contact body and only then by Tighten the U-bolts of the Contact body under penetration of the insulation with the main conductor electrically get connected.

The openings of the contact bodies have on their side facing the respective branch conductor cutting contact means for penetrating the insulation and for electrically contacting the branch conductor. The penetration takes place due to the tightening of a screwed into the contact body clamping screw aufwei on the branch conductor surface facing also cutting contact means for penetrating the insulation aufwei sen. The cutting contact means are preferably formed integrally from the contact body and have cutting contact edges or cutting contact tips.

As a result, branch conductors up to, for example, 50 mm ² conductor cross-sectional area for the installation of the branch terminal no longer have to be stripped. Even after installation, the continuous insulation of the branch conductors ensures that no metallic areas are exposed by improper stripping and thus the risk of contact and short-circuiting is reduced. In addition, the contact point between the contact body and branch conductor is additionally sealed by the intersected and tight at the contact point insulation of the branch conductor. Additional security in terms of compulsory correct installation, insulation and permanent contact safety is achieved by the one-piece, inserted in the parting plane between the two clamps wedge.

Further Advantages, features and details of the invention will become apparent the dependent claims as well as the following description, with reference to FIG the drawings an embodiment is described in detail.

1 shows a perspective view of a device according to the invention in the form of a cable branch terminal,

2 shows a side view of a clamp,

3 shows an enlarged section according to III-III of 2 .

4 shows a bottom view of the clamp of the 2 .

5 shows an enlarged section along VV the 4 .

6 shows a section along VI-VI of 4 .

7 shows the top view of the clamp of the 2 .

8th shows a perspective view of the clamp of the 2 .

9 shows a perspective view of a contact body,

10 shows an enlarged view of the contact body of 9 .

11 shows a section along XI-XI the 10 .

12 shows a section of the profile of the pyramid tips,

13 shows a section of the area of the cutting contact pyramids,

14 shows a plan view of a wedge,

15 shows a section along XV-XV of 14 , and

16 shows a section along XVI-XVI of 14 ,

The 1 shows a perspective view of a device according to the invention in the form of a cable branch terminal 4 in partially open state. The total of four, only schematically indicated main ladder 1 a three- or four-phase (including earth) power supply line, not shown, run continuously and are in particular for connecting the branch conductors, which are also shown only schematically 2 not to interrupt. At the four phases of the main ladder 1 In particular, these may be the phases L1, L2, L3 and ground of the 380 V low-voltage power supply network.

The cable branch terminal 4 has two substantially identically constructed clamp 3 on, in their dividing plane 23 a wedge 5 is arranged and by means of U-bolts 6 are zusammenfügbar.

The 2 shows a side view of a clamp 3 , which is preferably made in one piece from a long fiber reinforced thermoplastic by injection molding. The fibers are preferably glass fibers with a length of more than 5 mm, for example 7 to 8 mm. The fibers may be distributed homogeneously or, preferably, in those regions of the clamp 3 enriched, which is exposed to increased mechanical stress. In side view, the clamp 3 a substantially semi-annular contour. The clamp 3 is also symmetrical to a plane of symmetry parallel to the plane of the drawing 7 , Left and right of the plane of symmetry 7 forms the inner opening 8th Reception areas for the passage of the main conductors 1 perpendicular to the plane of the drawing 2 run. The also extending perpendicular to the plane branch ladder 2 are in openings 9 of the clamp 3 used. Above the openings 9 forms the clamp 3 integral for each branch conductor 2 a storage gutter 10 out. This is essentially half in the illustrated view circular and extends perpendicular to the plane of the drawing. The gutter 10 For example, as a teaching for cutting the isolation of the branch conductor 2 and / or for attaching a corresponding notch mark on the insulator of the branch conductor 2 be used. In the area of the inner opening 8th protruding forms the clamp 3 preferably in one piece a spacer 11 out, by means of the clamp 3 Although in contact with the main conductor 1 Can be brought, however, with a distance to those in the 2 not shown contact bodies 32 that reliably prevents the contact bodies 32 in electrical connection with the conductive core of the main conductor 1 come. Only when overcoming a specified force by tightening the U-bolts 6 break the frontally arranged spacers 11 at a predetermined breaking point 12 and give the way for the entrance of the main ladder 1 in the radial direction in the region of the inner opening 8th free. Upon further assembly of the clamp it then comes to an electrical connection of the contact body 32 with the electrical core of the main conductor 1 ,

The 3 shows an enlarged section according to III-III of 2 , In particular, the predetermined breaking point is shown 12 separated by two opposite and substantially right-angled paragraphs 13 . 14 is formed. The material thickness 15 in the area of the predetermined breaking point 12 is dependent on the strength of the spacer 11 used plastic less than 1 mm, for example about 0.5 mm.

The 4 shows a bottom view of the clamp 3 of the 2 , In the area of the symmetry plane 7 forms the clamp 3 preferably in one piece separating pin 17 or a corresponding continuous divider, which the passage areas for the two main conductors 1 separate. Outside the area for the passage of the main conductors 1 the clamp has two holes 16 for the passage of U-bolts 6 on. At the U-bolts 6 these are preferably hexagon socket head cap screws with metric thread, for example M8.

For cooperation with the threaded end of the U-bolt 6 is in at least one of the clamps 3 a threaded insert 18 embedded, as seen in the 5 enlarged section along VV the 4 evident. The threaded insert 18 has a continuous internal thread 19 on. On its outside, the cylindrical threaded insert 18 each end a radially projecting and integrally formed anchoring ring 20 on, by means of the threaded insert 18 reliable in the clamp 3 is anchored, inter alia, against axial displacement. To further increase in particular the rotationally fixed anchoring, the threaded insert 18 also a middle anchoring ring 21 on, which preferably projects radially less than the end anchoring rings 20 , To further increase the rotationally fixed connection, one or more of the anchoring rings 20 . 21 be serrated in the circumferential direction and / or the threaded insert 18 has in the circumferential direction sections on one or more axial projections.

The head end of the U-bolt 6 assigned other clamp 3 indicates at the appropriate place instead of a threaded insert 18 a metallic cylindrical bushing insert, whose through-hole is slightly larger than the outer thread diameter of the U-bolt 6 , On its cylindrical outer surface, the bushing insert is similar to the threaded insert 18 formed, in particular, it also has at least one anchoring ring for axially fixing the female insert in the clamp. Preferably, the threaded insert 18 and the female insert of the clamp 3 molded. Both the U-bolts 6 as well as the threaded inserts 18 and bush inserts are no live parts even in the merged state of the clamp.

The 6 shows a section along VI-VI of the clamp 3 of the 4 , In the recess 22 are the branch conductors 2 with the main conductor connecting contact body 32 left and right of the dividers 17 from the side of the parting plane 23 the two clamps 3 used. On the outside in the area of the recesses 22 has the clamp 3 in any case, parallel to the direction of the main conductors 1 and thus perpendicular to the plane of the 6 running first stiffening ribs 24 on. At a right angle to this extend parallel to the plane of the drawing and thus transverse to the longitudinal direction of the main conductor 1 second stiffening ribs 25 , The first and second stiffening ribs 24 . 25 in particular serve to increase the clamping force of the clamping brackets 3 with the U-bolts tightened 6 over the contact body 32 on the main ladder 1 for safe and permanent contact is exercised.

The 7 shows the top view of the clamp 3 of the 2 , The first stiffening ribs 24 are in the projection in the drawing plane of the 7 equidistant. The transverse to the longitudinal direction of the main conductors 1 extending second stiffening ribs 25 run close and substantially parallel to the face 26 of the clamp 3 ,

The 8th shows a perspective view of the clamp 3 of the 2 , The openings 27 for access to the clamping screws of the contact body 32 in the assembled state of the both clamps 3 can be live, are by a raised hollow cylinder 28 bordered, whose projection in relation to the diameter of the opening 27 is chosen so that the contact body 32 safe to touch in the clamp according to the applicable safety regulations 3 is arranged. The opening 9 for the branch conductor 2 is up through the gutter 10 covered and laterally by a plate-shaped shield 29 covered, the touching of the live parts of the branch conductor 2 or of the associated contact body 32 reliably prevented both when setting the terminal and in the set state of the terminal. Preferably, no stripping of the conductors is required by the use of the self-tapping contact body. Even if, for example, the branch conductor is stripped on the end, forms the storage channel 10 and / or the sign 29 a reliable contact protection.

The use of self-tapping contact bodies 32 is particularly possible because the clamp 3 consist of an electrically insulating material and therefore can be dispensed with electrically insulating insert parts, which must isolate the contact body with respect to the clamping brackets electrically according to the prior art. Due to the associated space savings, the contact body 32 be dimensioned larger, in particular be dimensioned so large that they form self-tapping cutting contact elements, such as self-tapping Schneidkontaktpyramiden 34 , In addition, due to the space savings even with ladders with larger diameter known from the prior art sleeve sizes can be used.

The hole 16 for the U-bolt 6 is in a cuboid connector 30 between the two end faces 26 arranged. The cuboid connector 30 becomes one piece from the clamp 3 is formed and is with the end faces 26 among other things about integrally formed and upright stiffening triangles 31 connected.

The 9 shows a perspective view of a contact body 32 , This is essentially cylindrical with end faces 33 , Along the cylinder axis runs a through hole 40 for receiving the branch conductor 2 , On the lateral surface of the bore 40 are cutting contact means in the form of Schneidkontaktpyramiden 34 arranged evenly distributed. On the top, the contact body 32 a threaded hole 35 for a clamping screw, preferably a threaded pin. On the bottom, the contact body 32 further cutting contact means in the form of substantially pyramidal peaks 36 on which the insulator of the main conductor 1 when assembling the clamp 3 penetrate and contact electrically. Among other things by means of the grooves attached to the side surfaces 37 is the contact body 32 in the clamp 3 fixed.

The 10 shows an enlarged front view of the contact body 2 of the 9 , The pyramid tips 36 are along a partial circle line 51 with a radius 38 arranged substantially the outer diameter of the main conductor 1 including its insulation.

The cutting contact pyramids 34 are arranged along a circular line which is slightly larger than the branch conductor 2 including its isolation. The threaded hole 35 has a metric internal thread 39 on, for example, M10.

The 11 shows a section along XI-XI through the contact body 32 of the 10 , The cutting contact pyramids 34 are along a helical line in the hole 40 of the contact body 32 arranged. This arrangement is a consequence of the way of making the cutting contact pyramids 34 , in the first circumferentially preferably uniformly distributed and parallel to the longitudinal axis of the bore 40 extending grooves are formed and then a thread in the bore 40 is introduced. In contrast, those are for contact with the main conductor 1 provided pyramid tips 36 arranged in parallel rows and four each in succession.

The 12 shows a section of the profile of the pyramid tips 36 , The height 41 the pyramid tips 36 is to the penetrating insulation of the main conductor 1 adapted and may for example be 5 mm. The distance 42 the pyramid tips 36 is about the same size or slightly larger than the height 41 , The edge rounding at the top of the pyramid tips 36 preferably has a radius 43 which is about one twentieth to one thirtieth of the height 41 is. The radius 44 the edge rounding at the foot of the Pyramidenspitzen 36 is about one-sixth to one-eighth of the height 41 , The angle of the pyramid tips 36 is between 20 and 45 °, preferably about 30 °.

The 13 shows an enlarged section of the range of Schneidkontaktpyramiden 34 , Their point angle 45 is between 30 and 50 °, preferably about 40 °. The height 46 is the thickness of the insulation to be penetrated by the branch conductor 2 adapted and is for example between 1 and 3 mm. The distance 47 between two turns is one to two times the height 46 ,

The cutting contact pyramids 34 have at their the branch conductor 2 facing end a flattening 48 on, whose axial extent 49 about a tenth of the distance 47 equivalent. As a result, each cutting contact pyramid forms 34 two closely adjacent cutting contact edges. Also the radius 50 the edge rounding at the foot of the Schneidkontaktpyramiden 34 is about 10% of the distance 47 ,

The 14 shows a plan view of one in the parting plane 23 between two clamps 3 wedge to be arranged 5 , This points to both sides, like the one in 15 shown section along XV-XV of the 14 shows, clamping ribs 52 . 53 on, resulting in the isolation of the principal 1 cut and preferably to the conductive core of the main conductor 1 penetration. The wedge 5 preferably consists of a long fiber reinforced thermoplastic. The length and shape of the bars 52 . 53 is optimized according to empirical findings and chosen so that even in changing temperatures as long as possible secure contact with the main manager 1 results. So the angle of rise is 54 the clamping rib 52 between 20 and 45 °, preferably about 30 °. The of the opposite edges of adjacent clamping ribs 52 included angles 55 is between 30 and 60 °, preferably about 45 °. The extension 56 the gap between adjacent clamping ribs 52 is to that of the clamp 3 trained separating pin 17 customized. The height 57 in the area of the clamping ribs 52 . 53 is about twice the thickness 64 of the wedge 5 outside this range and may for example be between 10 and 20 mm, preferably between 12 and 15 mm. In the area between the clamping ribs lying on one side 52 points the wedge 5 wells 60 and passageways 61 on, for the entry of the trunnions 17 or further, preferably in one piece from the clamp 3 trained fixative on.

In the area outside the clamping ribs 52 . 53 points the wedge 5 at opposite ends a hole 58 with closed edge on and an open to the outside slot 59 , Alternatively, both holes can be designed as an outwardly open slot. This makes it possible, the cable branch terminal according to the invention 4 with the two clamps 3 on the main ladder 1 without the cable branch terminal 4 completely disassemble. In particular, the wedge 5 then one of the U-bolts 6 turned around and into the dividing plane 23 between each two main conductors 1 be inserted.

The 16 shows a section along XVI-XVI through the wedge of 14 , The clamping ribs 52 on the top of the wedge 5 are offset from the clamping ribs 53 arranged on the bottom. In particular, the clamping ribs 52 . 53 one side approximately in the middle between the two adjacent clamping ribs 53 . 52 arranged on the other side. The clamping ribs 52 . 53 each one side are substantially parallel to each other extending equidistant. Only one of the two outer clamping ribs 52a . 53a points to the adjacent clamping rib 52 respectively. 53 a distance reduced by about 20%. The height 62 the clamping ribs 52 . 53 is identical on both sides and is about 60 to 85% of the regular distance between two clamping ribs 52 . 53 one page. The shape of the clamping ribs 52 . 53 in cross-section is tapered towards the end arrow-shaped, in particular tapered, with substantially planar edges 63 which enclose an angle between 45 and 90 °, in particular about 60 °. As an alternative to this, the flanks can also be formed by concave recesses which in each case form, for example, a circle of a third, between two adjacent clamping ribs 52 . 53 be formed.

Claims (15)

Device for the simultaneous electrical connection of the main conductors ( 1 ) of a power supply line, each with at least one branch conductor ( 2 ), in particular cable branch terminal ( 4 ), wherein the device has two contact bodies ( 32 ) carrying clamps ( 3 ) comprises an electrically insulating plastic, in their assembly, the contact body ( 32 ), to each of which a branch conductor ( 2 ) is connectable, in electrical connection with one main conductor ( 1 ) can be brought, characterized in that the plastic to increase the rigidity of the clamp ( 3 ) is reinforced with fibers and that the device when joining the clamping body ( 3 ) to an insulation of the main conductors ( 1 ) adjustable spacers ( 11 ), by means of which the clamps ( 3 ) on the main ladders ( 1 ) are fixable without the contact bodies ( 32 ) the respectively assigned main conductor ( 1 ) contact electrically. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that that the fibers have a length of at least 5 mm, preferably between 7 and 8 mm. Device according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized that the fibers are glass fibers. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the clamping bracket ( 3 ) are manufactured as an injection molded part made of thermoplastic material. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the clamping bracket ( 3 ) on its outside stiffening ribs ( 24 . 25 ) exhibit. Device according to claim 5, characterized in that the stiffening ribs ( 24 . 25 ) near the end faces ( 26 ) of the clamp ( 3 ) are arranged. Apparatus according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that first stiffening ribs ( 24 ) parallel to the longitudinal direction of the main conductors ( 1 ) are aligned and / or that second stiffening ribs ( 25 ) with the longitudinal direction of the main conductors ( 1 ) enclose a right angle. Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the spacer ( 11 ) a predetermined breaking point ( 12 ), on which he further assembly of the clamping bracket ( 3 ) breaks and thus the way to electrically connect the contact body ( 32 ) with the respective associated main conductor ( 1 ) releases. Device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the spacer ( 11 ) in one piece from the clamping bracket ( 3 ) is trained. Device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the device further comprises a resiliently deformable flat wedge ( 5 ), which in a parting plane ( 23 ) between the two clamping brackets ( 3 ) can be arranged. Device according to claim 10, characterized in that the wedge ( 5 ) at least one outwardly open slot ( 59 ) having. Device according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the wedge ( 5 ) transverse to the longitudinal direction of the main conductor ( 1 ) extending clamping ribs ( 52 . 53 ) having. Device according to claim 12, characterized in that the wedge ( 5 ) on both sides clamping ribs ( 52 . 53 ) and that first clamping ribs ( 52 ) on the first side of the wedge ( 5 ) offset to second clamping ribs ( 53 ) on the second side of the wedge ( 5 ) are arranged. Device according to one of claims 10 to 13, characterized in that the wedge ( 5 ) consists of an electrically insulating plastic and that the plastic is reinforced to increase the stiffness with fibers. Device according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that in at least one clamping bracket ( 3 ) a metallic threaded insert ( 18 ) with internal thread ( 19 ) is embedded, in which a the clamping bracket ( 3 ) assembled U-bolt ( 6 ) can be screwed.