DE10041996A1 - Arrangement for influencing and controlling alternating electromagnetic fields and / or antennas and antenna diagrams - Google Patents
Arrangement for influencing and controlling alternating electromagnetic fields and / or antennas and antenna diagramsInfo
- Publication number
- DE10041996A1 DE10041996A1 DE10041996A DE10041996A DE10041996A1 DE 10041996 A1 DE10041996 A1 DE 10041996A1 DE 10041996 A DE10041996 A DE 10041996A DE 10041996 A DE10041996 A DE 10041996A DE 10041996 A1 DE10041996 A1 DE 10041996A1
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- Prior art keywords
- arrangement
- elements
- radiators
- arrangement according
- carrier
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q23/00—Antennas with active circuits or circuit elements integrated within them or attached to them
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/02—Refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens, prism
- H01Q15/12—Refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens, prism functioning also as polarisation filter
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/23—Combinations of reflecting surfaces with refracting or diffracting devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/24—Polarising devices; Polarisation filters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/24—Polarising devices; Polarisation filters
- H01Q15/242—Polarisation converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/24—Polarising devices; Polarisation filters
- H01Q15/242—Polarisation converters
- H01Q15/246—Polarisation converters rotating the plane of polarisation of a linear polarised wave
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/44—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the electric or magnetic characteristics of reflecting, refracting, or diffracting devices associated with the radiating element
- H01Q3/46—Active lenses or reflecting arrays
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Anordnung und ein Verfahren zur Beeinflussung und Steuerung elektromagnetischer Wechselfelder und/oder Antennen und Antennendiagrammen.The invention relates to an arrangement and a method for Influencing and controlling alternating electromagnetic fields and / or Antennas and antenna diagrams.
Die Anwendungsgebiete der Erfindung erstrecken sich vorrangig auf die Bereiche der Kommunikationstechnik auf den Gebieten von stationären, portablen und mobilen Sende- und Empfangssystemen hochfrequenter elektromagnetischer Strahlungsquellen, insbesondere von geostationären oder umlaufenden Satellitensystemen und land- oder luftmobilen Quellen, der berührungslosen Sensortechnik, der Sicherheitstechnik und der Radartechnik.The areas of application of the invention primarily extend to Areas of communication technology in the areas of stationary, portable and mobile transmission and reception systems with high frequency electromagnetic radiation sources, especially geostationary ones or orbiting satellite systems and land or air mobile sources, non-contact sensor technology, safety technology and Radar technology.
Bekannte Verfahren zur Bewertung von Quellen elektromagnetischer Strahlung nutzen als Bewertungskriterium vorzugsweise quelleigene Signale oder für den Fall der bekannten Position oder Bewegungseigenschaft der Quelle, deren bekannte Raumkoordinaten oder Bewegungsinformation bzw. deren Bezug zu anderen bekannten Raumkoordinaten.Known methods of evaluating sources of electromagnetic Radiation preferably uses source-specific signals as an evaluation criterion or in the case of the known position or movement characteristic of the Source, its known spatial coordinates or movement information or their relation to other known spatial coordinates.
Im Bereich der Erfassung von geostationären Quellen, insbesondere im Bereich der geostationären Satellitensysteme, wird die Bewertung auf Grundlage bekannter Positionsdaten von Quelle und/oder Signalempfänger realisiert oder auf Basis eines Vergleichs der Transponderbelegung mit einer Referenzbelegung. In the field of the acquisition of geostationary sources, especially in the Area of geostationary satellite systems, the assessment is based on Basis of known position data from source and / or signal receiver realized or based on a comparison of the transponder assignment with a Reference occupancy.
Die Nachführung eines solchen Empfangssystems erfolgt auf der Grundlage der Bewertung des Empfangssignales unter Einbeziehung externer Sensoren und/oder Daten über die Bewegungs- oder Richtungsinformationen des Beobachters.Such a reception system is updated on the basis the evaluation of the received signal including external sensors and / or data about the movement or direction information of the Observer.
Weitere bekannte Nachführ- und/oder Trackinglösungen auf Grundlage der elektronischen Diagrammsynthese und -bewertung haben insbesondere den Nachteil, durch den hohen apperativen und systemimanten Aufwand auf Anwendungen im Hochkostenbereich beschränkt zu bleiben. Sie sind grundsätzlich nicht für die Nachrüstung in bestehenden Systemen geeignet. Des weiteren Weiterhin gewährleisten die bekannten Systeme keine spektral einstellbare, differenzierte Wirkung in einem großen Bandbreitenbereich.Other known tracking and / or tracking solutions based on the electronic diagram synthesis and evaluation have in particular the Disadvantage due to the high level of apperative and systematic effort High cost applications remain limited. they are generally not suitable for retrofitting in existing systems. Furthermore, the known systems do not ensure spectral adjustable, differentiated effect in a wide bandwidth range.
Die Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht daher in der Bereitstellung einer im sogenannten "Low-Cost-Bereich" angesiedelten Anordnung zur zielgerichteten Beeinflussung und Steuerung eines elektromagnetischen Feldes, vorzugsweise in Antennenanordnungen oder Erregern von Antennenanordnungen, vorzugsweise von Flächenstrahlern (2), mit der Möglichkeit der definierten Änderung der Komponenten des elektromagnetischen Strahlungsfeldes (3), so dass eine begrenzte, jedoch beliebig änderbare Synthese und/oder Formierung des Strahlungsdiagramms, vorzugsweise des oder der Strahlungsdiagrammmaxima in Form und zeitlicher Kontinuität, vorzugsweise in Form eines diskret oder kontinuierlich umlaufenden Maximums um die jeweilige Elevationsebene erreicht wird (4).The object of the invention is therefore to provide an arrangement located in the so-called "low-cost range" for targeted influencing and control of an electromagnetic field, preferably in antenna arrangements or exciters of antenna arrangements, preferably of surface radiators ( 2 ), with the possibility of the defined one Modification of the components of the electromagnetic radiation field ( 3 ), so that a limited but arbitrarily changeable synthesis and / or formation of the radiation diagram, preferably of the radiation diagram or maxima in the form and continuity of time, preferably in the form of a discreet or continuous maximum around the respective elevation level is reached ( 4 ).
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist des weiteren, durch die erfindungsgemäße Anordnung die Form des resultierenden Strahlungsdiagramms an die jeweilige zu realisierende Funktion anzupassen (5), vorzugsweise des Strahlungsmaximums und dessen genaue Steuerung bei gleichzeitiger Gewinnung einer eindeutigen, zugeordneten Richtungsinformation, welche durch eine externe Steuer- und Auswerteeinheit vorgenommen wird (6).Another object of the invention is to use the arrangement according to the invention to adapt the shape of the resulting radiation diagram to the respective function to be implemented ( 5 ), preferably the radiation maximum and its precise control while at the same time obtaining clear, assigned directional information, which is provided by an external control and Evaluation unit is made ( 6 ).
Ferner besteht die Aufgabe der Erfindung in der Realisierung einer Lösungsschar von planaren oder dreidimensionalen, vorzugsweise auf einem gemeinsamen Träger angeordneten geeigneten parasitären, vorzugsweise passiven, Strahlungs- und Schaltelementen, die sich an die jeweilige Aufgabe der Feldbeeinflussung durch ihre gegenständliche Form anpassen lassen mit der Funktionalität, das resultierende Diagramm, vorzugsweise der kompletten Strahleranordnung oder von Teilkomponenten durch Änderung der Amplituden- und Phasenverteilung der Parasitärstrahler aufgabengemäß zu synthetisieren und die Möglichkeit zur spektralen Diversifizierung zu bieten (7). Die Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht außerdem in der vorzugsweisen Feldkopplung der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung im Strahlersystem, ohne dass dabei die Funktionalität der Anordnung insgesamt in ihrer generellen Anwendung beeinflusst wird (8).Furthermore, the object of the invention is to implement a set of solutions of planar or three-dimensional, suitable parasitic, preferably passive, radiation and switching elements which are preferably arranged on a common carrier and which can be adapted to the respective task of influencing the field by their physical form with the functionality to synthesize the resulting diagram, preferably the complete radiator arrangement or partial components by changing the amplitude and phase distribution of the parasitic radiators, and to offer the possibility of spectral diversification ( 7 ). The object of the invention also consists in the preferred field coupling of the arrangement according to the invention in the radiator system, without the functionality of the arrangement as a whole being influenced in its general application ( 8 ).
Die Anordnung soll zur Nachrüstung vorzugsweise in bestehenden Antennen- und/oder Strahlersystemen, sowohl mit transmittierenden als auch rezeptierenden Funktionalitäten geeigneter sein (10).The arrangement should preferably be suitable for retrofitting in existing antenna and / or radiator systems, with both transmitting and receptive functionalities ( 10 ).
Die Feldbeeinflussung soll erfindungsgemäß diskret kontinuierlich, diskret oder kontinuierlich durch externe Steuer- und Schaltelemente oder Prozessoren erfolgen (11).According to the invention, the field is to be influenced discretely continuously, discretely or continuously by external control and switching elements or processors ( 11 ).
Eine weitere Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht in der Verknüpfung der Steuersignale für die Feldsteuermatrix und die zeitverknüpfte Auswertung der gewonnenen Signale durch eine geeignete Anordnung von Prozessor- und Signalbehandlungskomponenten dergestalt, dass ein anwendungsspezifisches Signal gewonnen wird, welches eine ebenfalls anwendungsspezifische Aussage über die Änderung von Vektoren in Betrag und Phase (z. B. der Richtung) des empfangenen Quellfeldes zur Position der Empfangseinheit bei genauer Aussage über das Erreichen des Optimums (Vektor = 0,0) zulässt, ohne dabei die Systemfunktion insgesamt zu verändern oder zu beeinträchtigen (12).Another object of the invention is to link the control signals for the field control matrix and the time-linked evaluation of the signals obtained by a suitable arrangement of processor and signal processing components in such a way that an application-specific signal is obtained, which also provides an application-specific statement about the change of vectors in Allows the amount and phase (e.g. the direction) of the received source field to the position of the receiving unit with precise information about reaching the optimum (vector = 0.0) without changing or impairing the overall system function ( 12 ).
Eine Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht ferner in der gegenständlichen Umsetzung der Lösung dergestalt, dass keinerlei mechanisch bewegte Komponenten erforderlich sind und die Anordnung als solche sich insgesamt mit hoher mechanischer Präzision bei geringstem Aufwand fertigbar ist, sowie eine hohe Toleranz gegenüber unterschiedlichen Umweltbedingungen gewährleistet (Temperatur, Luftfeuchte, aggressive Medien) (12). It is also an object of the invention to implement the solution in such a way that no mechanically moving components are required and the arrangement as such can be manufactured overall with a high level of mechanical precision with the least effort, and a high tolerance to different environmental conditions is guaranteed (temperature, air humidity , aggressive media) ( 12 ).
Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch eine Anordnung mit den Merkmalen des Anspruches 1 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Merkmalen der Ansprüche 2 bis 11.The object is achieved by an arrangement with the features of claim 1 solved. Advantageous refinements of the invention result themselves from the features of claims 2 to 11.
Gemäß der Erfindung wird in Wellenausbreitungsrichtung im Quellfeld eines elektromagnetischen Wechselfeldes der Quelle I eine vorzugsweise planare oder dreidimensionale Anordnung II, welche durch ihren Aufbau und geometrische Positionierung in ihrer Funktionalität an die zu lösende Aufgabe angepasst wird (gemäß Abb. 1). Mit Hilfe der Anordnung II werden die komplexen H- bzw. E- Komponenten des elektromagnetischen Feldes durch steuerbare Überlagerung mit Hilfe der Anordnung II erfindungsgemäß synthetisiert (Abb. 2). Die geometrische Fixierung der Anordnung II im Bereich des Quellfeldes erfolgt anhand einer Aperturebene III und umfasst einen Aperturraum IV und ist aufgabenspezifisch bzw. lösungsspezifisch.According to the invention, in the wave propagation direction in the source field of an alternating electromagnetic field, the source I becomes a preferably planar or three-dimensional arrangement II, which is adapted in its functionality and functionality to the task to be solved (according to FIG. 1). With the help of the arrangement II, the complex H or E components of the electromagnetic field are synthesized according to the invention by controllable superimposition with the aid of the arrangement II ( FIG. 2). The geometrical fixation of the arrangement II in the area of the source field takes place on the basis of an aperture level III and comprises an aperture space IV and is task-specific or solution-specific.
Die Lösung der erfindungsgemäßen Aufgabe (7) erfolgt weiterhin durch die Gestaltung der Anordnung II in Form einer EM-Quellfeldsynthese durch vorzugsweise planare oder dreidimensionale Strahlerelemente (VI), die vorzugsweise parallel zur Aperturebene III und IV auf einem geeigneten, vorzugsweise dielektrischen Träger (V) aufgebracht sind und in ihrer Anordnung aufgabenspezifisch verteilt sind und durch Steuerelemente bestimmter hochfrequenter Transmissionseigenschaften verbunden sind (VII) (Abb. 3). Die Anordnung der Strahlerelemente ist grundsätzlich im Bereich des Aperturraumes, welcher durch die beiden Aperturebenen eingeschlossen wird, lösungsspezifisch vorzugsweise parallel oder dreidimensional zur Aperturebene.The object ( 7 ) according to the invention is further achieved by designing the arrangement II in the form of an EM source field synthesis using preferably planar or three-dimensional radiator elements (VI), which are preferably parallel to the aperture planes III and IV on a suitable, preferably dielectric carrier (V) are applied and distributed in their arrangement in a task-specific manner and are connected by control elements of certain high-frequency transmission properties (VII) ( Fig. 3). The arrangement of the radiator elements is in the area of the aperture space, which is enclosed by the two aperture levels, in a solution-specific manner, preferably parallel or three-dimensional to the aperture level.
Die Generierung des parasitären Quellfeldes im Bereich des Aperturraumes erfolgt durch eine steuerbare Wechselwirkung der Strahlerelemente mit dem Quellfeld der Quelle 1 (passiv) oder lösungsspezifisch durch Überlagerung des Quellfeldes mit verstärkender Wirkung (aktiv) bzw. Speisung der Strahler durch eine zum Quellfeld in determinierter Beziehung (Phase und Amplitude) stehende Anregung (Fremdspeisung).The generation of the parasitic source field in the area of the aperture space takes place through a controllable interaction of the radiator elements with the source field of source 1 (passive) or solution-specific by overlaying the source field with a reinforcing effect (active) or feeding the radiators through a relationship that is determined to the source field ( Phase and amplitude) standing excitation (external supply).
Die Ausführung der Strahler oder Strahlerpaare erfolgt erfindungsgemäß aufgabenspezifisch als planare Flächenstrahler, Dipol- oder Monopolanordnungen, Kombinationen aus vorgenannten oder sogenannten Aperturstrahlern. Die Anordnung der Strahlerelemente erfolgt in einer der Aufgabe angepassten Winkelbeziehung (α, β) zur Aperturebene, vorzugsweise in orthogonaler Richtung (Abb. 4).According to the invention, the emitters or pairs of emitters are designed to be task-specific as planar surface emitters, dipole or monopole arrangements, combinations of the aforementioned or so-called aperture emitters. The radiator elements are arranged in an angular relationship (α, β) to the aperture level, preferably in the orthogonal direction ( Fig. 4).
Die erfindungsgemäße Lösung der Aufgabe (4, 5) erfolgt durch zeitliche Steuerung der Phasen- und Amplitudenbeziehung von einzelnen oder Gruppen von Strahlerpaaren gemäß der zu lösenden Aufgabe.The problem ( 4 , 5 ) according to the invention is achieved by timing the phase and amplitude relationship of individual or groups of radiator pairs in accordance with the problem to be solved.
Die Gewinnung der zugeordneten Informationen (Richtung, Vektor) wird mit Hilfe der externen Steuer- und Auswerteeinheit in der Form vorgenommen, dass über einen oder mehrere Mikroprozessoren die erfindungsgemäße Anordnung gesteuert wird und über die verknüpfte Auswertung der Amplituden und Phasenlage der signalbehandelten Empfangssignalkomponenten eine eindeutige Zuordnung über die vektorielle Lage und zeitlichen vektoriellen Fortschritt des Ereignisses ermöglicht (Abb. 5).The associated information (direction, vector) is obtained with the aid of the external control and evaluation unit in such a way that the arrangement according to the invention is controlled via one or more microprocessors and a clear assignment is made via the linked evaluation of the amplitudes and phase position of the signal-treated received signal components about the vectorial location and temporal vectorial progress of the event ( Fig. 5).
Die Lösung der erfindungsgemäßen Aufgabe (8) erfolgt durch das Einbetten der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung II n einen geeigneten niederdielektrischen Kunststoff mit geringen dielektrischen Verlustfaktor und geringer Dielektrizitätskonstante, dergestalt, dass die Anordnung von einem vorzugsweise geschlossenzelligen, oberflächlich verhauteten Polyurethanhartschaum eines Volumengewichtes zwischen 120 kg/m3 . . . 250 kg/m3 vollständig umschlossen wird.The object ( 8 ) according to the invention is achieved by embedding the arrangement IIn according to the invention in a suitable low-dielectric plastic with a low dielectric loss factor and a low dielectric constant, in such a way that the arrangement consists of a preferably closed-cell, superficially skin-bound rigid polyurethane foam with a volume weight between 120 kg / m 3 , , , 250 kg / m 3 is completely enclosed.
Die erfindungsgemäße Lösung soll anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels erläutert werden.The solution according to the invention will be explained using an exemplary embodiment.
In der Abb. 6 ist die EM-Feldsteuermatrix für den Fall der kreisrunden Apertur des Quellfeldes für die Nutzung in einem Reflektorantennensystem gem. Abb. 7 dargestellt. Fig. 6 shows the EM field control matrix for the case of the circular aperture of the source field for use in a reflector antenna system in accordance with. Fig. 7 shown.
An den Stellen 6.2 befindet sich jeweils ein Paar von Strahlerelementen, welches als Linearstrahler in Dipolform ausgebildet ist und orthogonal zur Darstellungsebene mit dem Netzwerk verbunden ist. An den Stellen 6.2 wird je ein Strahlerpaar durch ein Bauelement, in diesem Fall eine geeignete PIN Diode, miteinander verbunden. Durch die räumliche Verteilung der Strahlerpaare insgesamt und den Abstand und die Länge der Einzelstrahlen wird die erfindungsgemäße Aufgabe gelöst. Die Ansteuerung der Strahlerpaare erfolgt durch den Logikbaustein an der Stelle 6.3, der gleichzeitig die Verbindung zur Auswerte- und Steuereinheit über die Schnittstelle 6.5 realisiert.At locations 6.2 there is a pair of radiator elements, which is designed as a linear radiator in dipole form and is connected to the network orthogonally to the display level. At points 6.2 , a pair of radiators is connected to one another by a component, in this case a suitable PIN diode. The task according to the invention is achieved by the spatial distribution of the radiator pairs as a whole and the distance and the length of the individual beams. The control of the radiator pairs is carried out by the logic module at point 6.3 , which at the same time realizes the connection to the evaluation and control unit via interface 6.5 .
Die Anschaltung der Steuerleitungen und der hochfrequenten Wellenleiter erfolgt im Ausführungsbeispiel in Microstriptechnik.The control lines and the high-frequency waveguide are connected in the Embodiment in microstrip technology.
Der dielektrische Träger 6.4 wurde im Ausführungsbeispiel zwecks Minimierung der Verluste mittig mit einer Aussparung versehen, welche in einem Verhältnis mit der Apertur des Quellstrahlers korreliert.In order to minimize the losses, the dielectric carrier 6.4 was provided in the middle with a cutout which correlates in a ratio with the aperture of the source radiator.
In der Abb. 7 ist die Anordnung der erfindungsgemäßen Komponenten für den Fall des Einsatzes in einer Offset-Reflektorantenne wiedergegeben. Fig. 7 shows the arrangement of the components according to the invention for use in an offset reflector antenna.
Die Reflektorantenne 1 und das Empfangssystem (LNB oder LNC) 2 stellen die übliche Anordnung dar. Die Antennenanordnung sei mit einem Positioniersystem in Azimut und Elevation verbunden. Zur Lösung der erfindungsgemäßen Aufgabe wird die EM-Feldsteuermatrix 3 zwischen Reflektor und Horn des LNB fest angebracht und zwar in einem Abstand v. 2 cm von der Hornaußenkante. Das vom LNC abgebende Signal 5 wird der Auswerte- und Steuereinheit 6 zugeführt und von dieser unbeeinflusst wieder abgegeben 7. Intern erfolgt eine Leistungsteilung zwecks Signalweiterverarbeitung. Die EM-Feldsteuermatrix ist mit der Auswerte- und Steuereinheit durch ein Buskabel 5 verbunden. In der Auswerte- und Steuereinheit erfolgen Signalverarbeitung und -auswertung erfindungsgemäß. Die gewonnenen Richtungsinformationen werden über ein entsprechendes Bussystem 8 an das herkömmliche elektromechanische Positioniersystem weitergegeben, zum Zweck der Nachführung der Antenne auf ein bewegtes Ziel (Satellitenempfang während der Fahrt mit einem Boot).The reflector antenna 1 and the receiving system (LNB or LNC) 2 represent the usual arrangement. The antenna arrangement is connected to a positioning system in azimuth and elevation. To achieve the object of the invention, the EM field control matrix 3 is firmly attached between the reflector and the horn of the LNB, namely at a distance v. 2 cm from the outer edge of the horn. The signal 5 emitted by the LNC is fed to the evaluation and control unit 6 and is emitted 7 again without being influenced by it. Power is shared internally for signal processing. The EM field control matrix is connected to the evaluation and control unit by a bus cable 5 . According to the invention, signal processing and evaluation take place in the evaluation and control unit. The directional information obtained is passed on to the conventional electromechanical positioning system via a corresponding bus system 8 , for the purpose of tracking the antenna to a moving target (satellite reception while traveling with a boat).
Die Änderung der Strahlbeeinflussung wird adaptiv mit der Änderung der Nachführaufgabe vorgenommen.The change in the beam influence becomes adaptive with the change in the tracking task performed.
Claims (11)
einen Träger als Montagefläche für planare oder dreidimensionale Strahlerelemente und Schalt-, Steuer-, Transmissions- oder Speiseelemente;
der Träger in einem hochfrequenten elektromagnetischen Quellfeld in einem Aperturraum, begrenzt durch die Aperturflächen III und IV angeordnet ist;
auf dem Träger parallel oder dreidimensional zu den Aperturebenen III und IV Strahlerelemente angeordnet sind;
die Strahlerelemente durch niederfrequente oder hochfrequente Signale oder eine Kombination davon einzeln oder paarweise angesteuert sind;
die Elemente zur Ansteuerung der Strahlerelemente vollständig oder teilweise auf dem Träger angeordnet sind;
die Anordnung in ihrer Signalzuweisung frei programmierbar und zeitlich änderbar ist.1. Arrangement for influencing and controlling electromagnetic alternating fields and / or antennas and antenna diagrams, characterized by
a carrier as a mounting surface for planar or three-dimensional radiator elements and switching, control, transmission or feed elements;
the carrier is arranged in a high-frequency electromagnetic source field in an aperture space, delimited by the aperture areas III and IV;
radiator elements are arranged on the carrier parallel or three-dimensionally to the aperture planes III and IV;
the radiator elements are controlled individually or in pairs by low-frequency or high-frequency signals or a combination thereof;
the elements for controlling the radiator elements are arranged completely or partially on the carrier;
the arrangement of its signal assignment is freely programmable and can be changed over time.
die Anordnung der Strahler oder Strahlerpaare der zu lösenden Aufgabe angepasst ist und diese frei auf dem Träger verteilt sind;
die Strahler oder Strahlerpaare dreidimensional mit weiteren Trägern angeordnet sind;
die Strahler oder Strahlerpaare fest fixiert oder mechanisch schwenkbar angeordnet sind;
der Winkel der Strahler oder Strahlerpaare zueinander bezogen auf die Flächennormale konstant ist;
mindestens zwei Einzelstrahler zu Strahlerpaaren zusammengefasst sind;
die Strahler beliebig in Bezug auf ihre geometrische Mitte auf dem Träger montiert sind;
der Träger als planare oder gekrümmte Fläche oder dreidimensional ausgebildet ist.5. Arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that
the arrangement of the emitters or pairs of emitters is adapted to the task to be solved and these are freely distributed on the carrier;
the radiators or pairs of radiators are arranged three-dimensionally with further supports;
the radiators or pairs of radiators are fixed or mechanically pivoted;
the angle of the radiators or pairs of radiators relative to one another is constant with respect to the surface normal;
at least two individual radiators are combined to form radiator pairs;
the emitters are mounted on the support as required with regard to their geometric center;
the carrier is designed as a planar or curved surface or three-dimensionally.
sie zum Quellfeld sowohl direkt als auch in einfach und doppelt fokussierenden Antennenanordnungen sowohl direkt oder offset erregt, angeordnet ist;
die Strahlerelemente durch geeignete hochfrequenztechnische Bauelemente in SMD-Technik verknüpft sind;
die Anordnung insgesamt auf dem dielektrischen Träger oder in MMIC, HBT, Epitaxi ausgeführt ist.6. Arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that
it is arranged to the source field both directly and in single and double focusing antenna arrangements, either directly or offset excited;
the radiator elements are linked by suitable high-frequency components in SMD technology;
the arrangement as a whole is carried out on the dielectric carrier or in MMIC, HBT, epitaxial.
sie in einem niederdielektrischen Kunststoff mit geringem dielektrischem Verlustfaktor und geringer Dielektrizitätskonstante, vorzugsweise einem geschlossenzelligen Polyurethanschaum eines Volumengewichtes zwischen 120 kg/m3 bis 250 kg/m3 eingeschlossen ist;
die Strahlerelemente sowohl als H- oder E-Feld sensitive oder wechselwirkende Bauelemente ausgeführt sind.7. Arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that
it is enclosed in a low-dielectric plastic with a low dielectric loss factor and a low dielectric constant, preferably a closed-cell polyurethane foam with a volume weight between 120 kg / m 3 and 250 kg / m 3 ;
the radiator elements are designed as H or E field sensitive or interacting components.
die externe Auswerte- und Steuereinheit die Anordnung so steuert und kontrolliert, dass dem Quellfeld ein Steuerfeld überlagert ist, welches zu einer definierten Änderung der Strahlungseigenschaften, vorzugsweise der Strahlungseigenschaften in Hauptstrahlungsrichtung, führt, vorzugsweise in Form eines elektrisch steuerbaren umlaufenden Maximums oder Minimums bei steuerbarer Änderung der Winkelbeziehungen in azimualer und Elevationsebene der Hauptstrahlungsrichtung;
das so generierte Signal einer Signalbehandlung und Auswertung unterzogen ist und eine Phasen- und Amplitudenbeziehung zwischen Steuersignalen und Auswertesignalen durch den Einsatz geeigneter Signalbehandlungstechniken besteht;
die Abweichung der Lage und des zeitlichen Fortschritts des Positionsvektors in Orthogonalen zur Aperturebene eindeutig auswertbar ist;
ein entsprechendes Nachführsignal generiert ist;
die Steuersignale adaptiv an die Art und das zeitliche Verhalten der Änderung angepasst sind;
die Steuereinheit über Schnittstellen für die Ansteuerung von Baugruppen für elektromechanische Bewegungsmodule oder deren Komponenten verfügt;
die Steuereinheit über die Möglichkeit der adaptiven Nullsteuerung der Strahlungscharakteristik verfügt (Vektor in orthogonaler Richtung zur Aperturebene);
die Steuereinheit über Einrichtungen zur Signalbehandlung im Original- und/oder in einem Zwischenfrequenzbereich verfügt.9. Arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that
the external evaluation and control unit controls and controls the arrangement in such a way that a control field is superimposed on the source field, which leads to a defined change in the radiation properties, preferably the radiation properties in the main radiation direction, preferably in the form of an electrically controllable rotating maximum or minimum with controllable change the angular relationships in azimual and elevation planes of the main radiation direction;
the signal generated in this way is subjected to signal treatment and evaluation and there is a phase and amplitude relationship between control signals and evaluation signals through the use of suitable signal treatment techniques;
the deviation of the position and the temporal progress of the position vector in orthogonal to the aperture level can be clearly evaluated;
a corresponding tracking signal is generated;
the control signals are adaptively adapted to the type and timing of the change;
the control unit has interfaces for the control of assemblies for electromechanical movement modules or their components;
the control unit has the possibility of adaptive zero control of the radiation characteristic (vector in the orthogonal direction to the aperture plane);
the control unit has devices for signal processing in the original and / or in an intermediate frequency range.
Priority Applications (7)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10041996A DE10041996A1 (en) | 2000-08-10 | 2000-08-10 | Arrangement for influencing and controlling alternating electromagnetic fields and / or antennas and antenna diagrams |
| PCT/DE2001/003066 WO2002013310A1 (en) | 2000-08-10 | 2001-08-10 | Arrangement and method for influencing and controlling electromagnetic alternating fields and/or antennae and antennae diagrams |
| AT01962629T ATE308806T1 (en) | 2000-08-10 | 2001-08-10 | ARRANGEMENT FOR INFLUENCING AND CONTROLLING ALTERNATING ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS AND/OR ANTENNAS AND ANTENNA DIAGRAMS |
| DE50107929T DE50107929D1 (en) | 2000-08-10 | 2001-08-10 | ARRANGEMENT FOR INFLUENCING AND CONTROLLING ELECTROMAGNETIC SWITCHES AND / OR ANTENNAS AND ANTENNA DIAGRAMS |
| DE10193204T DE10193204D2 (en) | 2000-08-10 | 2001-08-10 | Arrangement for influencing and controlling alternating electromagnetic fields and or antennas and antenna diagrams |
| EP01962629A EP1312135B1 (en) | 2000-08-10 | 2001-08-10 | Arrangement and method for influencing and controlling electromagnetic alternating fields and/or antennae and antennae diagrams |
| AU2001283799A AU2001283799A1 (en) | 2000-08-10 | 2001-08-10 | Arrangement and method for influencing and controlling electromagnetic alternating fields and/or antennae and antennae diagrams |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10041996A DE10041996A1 (en) | 2000-08-10 | 2000-08-10 | Arrangement for influencing and controlling alternating electromagnetic fields and / or antennas and antenna diagrams |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE10041996A1 true DE10041996A1 (en) | 2002-03-07 |
Family
ID=7653895
Family Applications (3)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10041996A Withdrawn DE10041996A1 (en) | 2000-08-10 | 2000-08-10 | Arrangement for influencing and controlling alternating electromagnetic fields and / or antennas and antenna diagrams |
| DE50107929T Expired - Lifetime DE50107929D1 (en) | 2000-08-10 | 2001-08-10 | ARRANGEMENT FOR INFLUENCING AND CONTROLLING ELECTROMAGNETIC SWITCHES AND / OR ANTENNAS AND ANTENNA DIAGRAMS |
| DE10193204T Expired - Fee Related DE10193204D2 (en) | 2000-08-10 | 2001-08-10 | Arrangement for influencing and controlling alternating electromagnetic fields and or antennas and antenna diagrams |
Family Applications After (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE50107929T Expired - Lifetime DE50107929D1 (en) | 2000-08-10 | 2001-08-10 | ARRANGEMENT FOR INFLUENCING AND CONTROLLING ELECTROMAGNETIC SWITCHES AND / OR ANTENNAS AND ANTENNA DIAGRAMS |
| DE10193204T Expired - Fee Related DE10193204D2 (en) | 2000-08-10 | 2001-08-10 | Arrangement for influencing and controlling alternating electromagnetic fields and or antennas and antenna diagrams |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1312135B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE308806T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2001283799A1 (en) |
| DE (3) | DE10041996A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2002013310A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102012025123A1 (en) | 2012-12-21 | 2014-06-26 | Epak Gmbh | Arrangement and method for the electronic tracking of RF reflector antennas |
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- 2001-08-10 DE DE50107929T patent/DE50107929D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-08-10 WO PCT/DE2001/003066 patent/WO2002013310A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2001-08-10 DE DE10193204T patent/DE10193204D2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102012025123A1 (en) | 2012-12-21 | 2014-06-26 | Epak Gmbh | Arrangement and method for the electronic tracking of RF reflector antennas |
| WO2014094698A1 (en) | 2012-12-21 | 2014-06-26 | Epak Gmbh | Arrangement and method for electronically tracking rf reflector antennas |
| CN104838540A (en) * | 2012-12-21 | 2015-08-12 | 埃帕克有限公司 | Arrangement and method for electronically tracking RF reflector antennas |
| CN104838540B (en) * | 2012-12-21 | 2017-11-28 | 埃帕克有限公司 | The arrangement and method that electronics for high-frequency reflector antenna tracks |
| US9847572B2 (en) | 2012-12-21 | 2017-12-19 | Epak Gmbh | Arrangement and method for electronically tracking RF reflector antennas |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU2001283799A1 (en) | 2002-02-18 |
| EP1312135A1 (en) | 2003-05-21 |
| ATE308806T1 (en) | 2005-11-15 |
| WO2002013310A1 (en) | 2002-02-14 |
| DE50107929D1 (en) | 2005-12-08 |
| DE10193204D2 (en) | 2003-10-16 |
| EP1312135B1 (en) | 2005-11-02 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| OP8 | Request for examination as to paragraph 44 patent law | ||
| 8143 | Lapsed due to claiming internal priority |