DD295706A5 - METHOD FOR REGULATING TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY IN ROOMS - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for controlling the temperature and humidity in Raeumen and is applicable for computer-controlled air conditioning in comfort and industrial construction, which contain at least Vorwaermer, radiator and humidifier. The aim of the invention is to reduce the operating costs of air conditioning systems. The essence of the invention is that maximum, minimum and minimum indoor air enthalpy, maximum and minimum, are determined by using a computer-controlled air conditioning system comprising at least pre-heater, radiator, humidifier and humidity and humidity sensor, depending on the predetermined air conditioning ranges characterizing the desired air-flow range Room air temperature, maximum and minimum relative indoor air humidity and maximum, average and minimum indoor air water content, indoor air condition ranges are given. Based on the ratio of operating costs of humidifier to cooler, as well as marginal cost ratios: gKV, 1 ro cp, Dtmax ro - evaporation heat {temperature; humidity; Air conditioner; preheater; Cooler; humidifier; Operating cost; Meszfuehler; Indoor air target range; Raumluftenthalpie; Indoor air temperature; Indoor humidity; Air water content; Grenzkostenverhaeltnis}

Description

9kv, i = f ₀ + Cp _{/ D} t _m ax r _o - evaporation heat of water at 0 ^o C

9KV, 2 = - яг- - ^mL one-spezifischeWärmekapazitätvon water vapor at 0 ⁰ C

X Xmin

enthalpy of room air (h _R ), room temperature (t _R ), relative indoor air humidity (cp _R ) and water content of room air (x _R ), in the humidity and temperature control circuit preheater (3), cooler ( 4) and humidifier (5) work.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the humidifier (5) realizes a nearly adiabatic state change (spray chamber, Scheibenbefeuchter) and in a deviation of the room air condition (h _R , t _R , q> _R , x _R ) from the desired value h _R <h _M (room air areas IV and V) operates in the humidity and temperature control circuit of the humidifier (5) to t _min 1 <t _R <t _max and q> _min ,

- at k _v > g _{Kv> 2} (room air areas V, VII, X and Xl) x _R > x _min operates in the humidity and temperature control _{circuit of} the cooler (4) on t _mjn <t _R <t _max and cp _{mm <<} p _R <<p _max , x _R <x _m -, _n operate in the humidity control circuit of the humidifier (5) and in the temperature control circuit of the cooler (4) on t _min and фтіп ·

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that for humidifying a Dampfbefeuchter (5) is present and controlled in a deviation of the room air condition (h _R , t _R , <p _R , x _R ) from the desired value, the air conditioning according to the following criteria becomes:

- operate in the humidity control circuit for humidifying the humidifier (5) and if that is not sufficient in addition the preheater (3) or, depending on the cost ratio (k _v ) and the marginal cost ratios (g ^ i / Экѵ.гЬ the cooler (4) and for dehumidifying the radiator (4) and in the temperature control circuit for heating the preheater (3) and for cooling the radiator (4) in sequence,

at t _R > t _min and (p _R <(p _min and x _R <x _M and

- K < gkv, 2

tR <tmax (room air areas IV and V) operates in the humidity control circuit of the humidifier (5) to t _min <t _R <Wax and φ, ™, t _R > t _max (room air areas IX and X) operate in the humidification loop of humidifiers (5) and in the temperature control circuit of the cooler (4) to t _max and cp _min

~ K > 9kv, 2

Xr> Xmin (room air areas V and X) operates in the humidity control circuit of the cooler (4) to tmin <t _R <t _max and (p _min ,

Xr <Xmin (room air areas IV and IX) work in the humidity control circuit of the humidifier (5) and in the temperature control circuit of the cooler (4) to t _min and cp _min .

For this 2 pages drawings

Field of application of the invention

The invention relates to a method for controlling temperature and humidity in rooms and is applicable to computer-controlled air conditioning systems in comfort and industrial construction, which contain at least preheater, radiator and humidifier.

-2 characteristic of the known art

In general, air conditioning systems are used to selectively influence several air parameters. For the unambiguous determination of the thermodynamic state of the air, two parameters are sufficient, mainly the temperature and the relative humidity or the water content. Therefore, there is usually a control loop for the temperature and for the relative humidity or the water content. However, methods are also known where more control loops are used (DE 2839042 OS). The commissioning of the units of air conditioning systems is controlled by so-called sequence or sequential circuits in the control loops, as described in DD 260749 and DE 3610069.

The disadvantage of the known technical solution is that only due to the deviation of the room air condition from the target value, the aggregates are taken according to a fixed assignment of the aggregates to the control loops in operation, the specific aggregate costs play no role and thereby neither the financially most favorable target Value, nor the necessary aggregates are put into operation.

It is also known to operate air conditioning systems from the standpoint of reducing operating costs.

From DE-PS 2220598 (F 245F 11/00) a method for controlling the humidification of an air flow is known. The method is only for humidifying air. A complete energy-optimal control of temperature and humidity is not possible.

DE-PS 3439288 PS (F24F11 / 00) shows a method for regulating the temperature and humidity of air in rooms by means of an air conditioning system containing several air conditioning units. Based on the states of the external, supply and exhaust air as well as the stored operating parameters of the air conditioning units, parameters are calculated, on the basis of which the air conditioning units are put into operation. This results in outdoor air areas in the Mollier diagram. The range limits are determined by mathematical relationships, with the mentioned quantities and parameters being included. The disadvantage is that when the actual state course in the units deviates from the computationally predetermined state course, the desired values of the supply air can not be achieved. The same occurs when measuring inaccuracies of the temperature or humidity measurement. It is controlled to a fixed target value and not to a target value range, which does not always guarantee the most cost-effective target values.

Object of the invention

The aim of the invention is to reduce the operating costs of air conditioning systems.

Explanation of the essence of the invention

The object of the invention is, depending on the deviation of the current room air condition from the target value and the operating costs of humidifier and radiator to operate the system most cost-effective.

According to the invention, this object is achieved in that using a computer-controlled air conditioner containing at least pre-heater, radiator, humidifier and sensor for temperature and humidity of the room air, depending on the Raumluftsollbereich characterizing, predetermined climate variables maximum, mean and minimum enthalpy of the room, maximum and minimum Room air temperature, maximum and minimum relative indoor air humidity and maximum, mean and minimum room air water content, indoor air condition ranges are determined. Based on the ratio of operating costs from humidifier to cooler and marginal cost ratios:

9kv, i = ^r o + Cp.otmax Го - heat of evaporation of water at 0 ⁰ C

9kv, 2 = - - Cp, _D -specific heat capacity of water vapor at 0 ⁰ C

Xm Xmin

and the respectively measured or calculated current room air parameters enthalpy of the room air, room temperature, relative humidity and water content of the room air, work in the humidity and temperature control loop preheater, radiator and humidifier.

If the humidifier realizes an almost adiabatic change of state (spray chamber, window humidifier), the air conditioner is controlled according to the following criteria when the room air condition deviates from the set value:

- in the humidity control circuit to humidify the humidifier and if it is insufficient, in addition the preheater or, depending on the cost ratio and the marginal cost ratios, the radiator and dehumidifying the radiator and in the temperature control loop for heating the preheater and for cooling, depending on the cost ratio and the marginal cost ratios the humidifier or the radiator in a row,

at h _R > h _min and x _R <x _max and t _R > t _max or <p _R <<p _min and

- for k _v <дкѵ.і and _R h <h _max, the humidifier operates in humidity and temperature control loop to t _m i _n <t _r <t _max, and

<Pmin <<Pr <<Pmax,

- beik »<gicv.i and he> h _max operate in the humidity control circuit of the humidifier and in the temperature control circuit of the chillers to t _max and

<Pmax /

- at дкѵ.і <k _v <дкѵ.г xr> хм, the cooler operates in the humidity and temperature control loop at t _max and <p _m in ψκ << Pm _ax . Xr <Хм and h _R > hiH operate in the humidifier humidity control circuit and in the temperature control circuit of the chillers to t _max and ip _m in, h _R <Пм operates in the humidifier's humidity and temperature control circuit at t _min <t _fl <t _max and <p _mm ;

- At k _v > дкѵ.г Xr> ^x min, the radiator operates in the humidity and temperature control circuit at t _min <t _R <t _max and (p _min <<p _R <<p _max , Xr <X min operate in the humidifier circuit of the humidifier and in the temperature control circuit of the cooler to t _min and q> _min .

If a steam humidifier is used to humidify, the system will operate as follows:

- operate in the humidity control circuit to moisten the humidifier and if the light is not sufficient in addition the preheater or, depending on the cost ratio and the marginal cost ratios of the radiator and for dehumidifying the radiator and in the temperature control loop for heating the preheater and for cooling the radiator in sequence,

at t _R > t _mi "and <p _R <<p _min and x"<x _M and

- kv <g _K v.2tR <t _max operates in the humidity loop of the humidifier to t _min <t _R <t _max undip _min , t _R > t _max operate in the humidity control _{circuit of} the humidifier and in the temperature control circuit of the _chillers to t _max and ср _т , _п

- kv> g _KV , 2 * r> Xmin operates in the humidity control circuit of the chillers to t _mi "<t _R <t _m8X and <p _min , x _R <x _min operate in the humidity control circuit of the humidifier and in the temperature control _{circuit of the chillers} to t _m - _ln and (p _min

Outside the said room air condition areas, the air conditioner is operated in a known manner. Depending on the cost ratio and the marginal cost ratios, the sequential circuit in the temperature and humidity control loop is changed. For the room air, a target value range is indicated. It is regulated to the lowest cost target value. When the real state curve in the aggregates deviates from the mathematically predefined state curve, the setpoint value of the room air is achieved by the sequential circuit.

embodiment

In the drawings show

1 is a block diagram of an air conditioner with control device,

2: a Mollier diagram with room air areas for humidifiers with adiabatic state change according to claim 2 and FIG. 3: a Mollier diagram with room air areas for humidifiers with an isothermal state change according to claim 3.

The invention is explained in an air conditioner, consisting of a preheater 3, a radiator 4, humidifier 5 and after warmer 6 and supply air and exhaust fan? or 2 exists. In the room 1 to be air-conditioned are sensors 8 and 9 for temperature t and humidity φ of the room air. The sensors 8 and 9 are connected to a microcomputer 10, which controls the units 3 to 6 of the system via actuators.

Depending on the climate variables characterizing the room air target range, maximum, mean and minimum enthalpy of the room air (h _max , h _M , h _me ,), maximum and minimum indoor air temperature (t _max , t _min ), maximum and minimum relative humidity (<p _max , 4W) / maximum, average and minimum room air water content (x _max Хм. Xmin). Room air condition ranges I to Xl are given, wherein the invention relates to the indoor air condition areas IV to Xl, in the other areas, the air conditioner is controlled in a known manner (Fig. 2 and 3). Based on marginal cost ratios:

9kv, i = ro + Cp, Dt _max ro - heat of vaporization of water at 0 ° C

9κν, 2 = - -d ^ Cp _- D-specific heat capacity of water vapor at 0 ° C

~м ~~ Xmin

as well as the cost ratio of the operating costs of humidifier to cooler k _v can in one of the relevant indoor air condition areas (IV-XI) in the humidity and temperature control circuit preheater 3, cooler 4 and humidifier 5 work, with preheater 3 and cooler 4 may not be in operation simultaneously.

In a first embodiment, the humidifier is a spray chamber or disc humidifier (near adiabatic change of state). If the room air condition deviates from the set value (current state of the room air), the air conditioning is controlled according to the following criteria:

- operate in the humidity control circuit for humidifying the humidifier 5 and if it is not sufficient in addition the preheater 3 or, depending on the cost ratio k _v and marginal cost ratios (дкѵ.і, дкѵ.г), the radiator4 and dehumidifying the radiator 4 and in the temperature control loop to Heating the preheater 3 and for cooling, depending on the cost ratio k _v and the marginal cost ratios (дкѵ> Экѵ.гЬ the humidifier or cooler 4 in a row,

- at h _R > h _m ; _n and x _R <x _max and t _R > t _max or q>"<tp _min and

- In к ^л ѴѴ ^л Ѵ <g _K v, i and h _R <h _max (indoor air condition areas IV-VIII) operates in the humidity and temperature control loop of the humidifier 5 to t _min <t _R <t _max and (p _min <cp _R <<p _max ,

- for k _v < дкѵ.і and h _R > h _msx (room air _{condition ranges} IX-XI) the humidifier 5 operates in the humidity control circuit and the chiller in the temperature control circuit to t _max and <p _max ,

- For g _K v, i <k "<g * v, 2 Xr> Хm (room air condition ranges VIII, IX) operates in the humidity and temperature control circuit, the cooler 4 on t _max and φ, << Pr Я> тах, Xr < Хм and hR> h _m! room air condition ranges Vl, VII, IX, X) Own humidity control circuit of the humidifier 5 and in the temperature control loop of the Küh! Er4 t _max and <p _m i _n, h _R operates <hM (room air state zones IV, V) in the humidity and temperature control circuit of the humidifier 5 to ttm "<t _R <t _max and ip _mm ,

- At k _v > g <v, 2 Xr> Xnn (indoor air condition ranges V, VII, VIII, X, Xl) operates in the humidity and temperature control circuit, the cooler 4 to tmin <t _R <t _max and <p _m i _n << p _R <<p _max , Xr <X ^ ₁₀ (room air condition ranges IV, Vl, IX) work in the humidity control loop of the humidifier 5 and in the temperature control circuit of the cooler 4 to t _m j _n and <p _m j _n .

In a second embodiment, a steam humidifier is used for humidification (isothermal state change). The system is operated as follows:

- operate in the humidity control circuit to moisten the humidifier 5 and if that is not sufficient in addition the preheater 3 or, depending on the cost ratio kv and the marginal cost ratios (дкѵ.і. Экѵ.г). the radiator 4 and for dehumidifying the radiator 4 and in the temperature control circuit for heating the preheater 3 and for cooling the radiator 4 in sequence,

at t _R > t _min and cp _{R <<} p _mirl and x _R <x _M and

- kv <дкѵ, 2 * я <tmsx (air condition ranges IV, V) operates in the humidity control loop of the humidifier 5 to t _min <t _R <t _max and <Pmin.tR> t _{m, x} (air condition areas IX, X) work in humidity control loop the humidifier 5 and in the temperature control circuit of the cooler 4 to t _max and <p _min

- kv>дкѵ.гХя> Xmin (room air condition ranges V, X) operates in the humidity control circuit of the radiator 4 to tmin <tR <і _т , _х ипаф _т і _л; , в <x _min (Room air condition ranges IV, IX) work in the humidity control circuit of the humidifier 5 and in the temperature control circuit of the radiator4auft _me , and9 _min

Outside the above-mentioned indoor air condition ranges, the air conditioner is operated in both embodiments in a known manner as follows:

- riR <hm - ,,, (adiabatic humidification) or t _R <t _m i _n (isothermal humidification and Xr <x _mm (room air condition range I) in the humidity control circuit work to moisten the humidifier 5 and if it is not sufficient in addition the preheater and in the temperature control loop for heating the reheater 6 and if it is insufficient, the preheater 3 in succession, the larger signal for the preheater has priority,

- t _R <t _m in and x _m i _n <x _R <Xm _ax (room air condition area II) in the humidity control loop works no aggregate and in the temperature control loop work for heating reheater 6 and if he does not suffice in addition the preheater 3,

- h _R > h _max or t _R > t _max or x _R > x _max (room air condition range III) in the humidity control circuit for wetting the humidifier 5 and for dehumidifying the radiator 4 and in the temperature control circuit for heating the reheater 6 and for cooling the radiator 4 in a row, whereby the radiator signal from the humidity control circuit has priority,

With the method according to the invention, the air conditioning system can be operated with minimal costs, resulting in a new procedure for the room air areas IV to Xl seen from the prior art. The inventive method is also suitable for a system with heat recovery.

Depending on the cost ratio k _v and the marginal cost ratios (дкѵ.і, дкѵ.г), the sequential circuit in the temperature and humidity control loop is changed. There is no rigid assignment of aggregates to room air areas. When the actual state course in the units deviates from the mathematically predefined state course, the desired values of the room air are achieved by the sequential circuit.

For the room air, a target value range is indicated. It is regulated to the lowest cost target value.

For the low-cost operation described a locking circuit between preheater 3 and 4 cooler is required, d. h., When the preheater 3 is working, the radiator must not be put into operation, but it must be reduced Vorwärmeleistung.

Claims (1)

claims: 1. A method for controlling temperature and humidity in rooms by means of computer-controlled air conditioning, which contains at least preheater, radiator, humidifier and sensor for temperature and humidity of the room air, characterized in that, depending on the room air target range characterizing, predetermined climate variables maximum, average and minimum indoor air enthalpy (h _max , h _M , h _min ), maximum and minimum room air temperature (t _max , Wm). maximum and minimum relative room air humidity (cp _max , 9min) and maximum, mean and minimum room air water content (x _max , x _M / Xminb room air condition ranges (I to Xl) are given and based on the ratio of operating costs of humidifier (5) to cooler (4 ) (k _v ) and the marginal cost ratios: