DD283570A5 - METHOD AND DEVICE FOR DISCONNECTING AND READING SERIOUS ATTRACTIONS - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and apparatus for separating and reading of heavy admixtures from a product stream, in particular stone from grain, wherein the good is fed via a feed channel on a shift table and essentially layered over the so inclined, air-flowed through and oscillating Schichttischflaeche, that the heavy admixtures directly on the shift table are conveyed to the table and removed separately at the higher end of the table, the goods being fed via the feed channel into the region of the uppermost end of the table, and / or a device and a method the at least one shift table, together with a lining assigned to it for recirculating air operation with separate guides for supply and exhaust air, is set into common vibrations. Fig. 1 {product stream; stones; SEEDS; Supply channel; Bed table; vibrating layer table surface; End of the table; Separation zone; Material layers; trim; Recirculation mode}

Description

Method and device for separating and reading heavy admixtures

Field of application of the invention

The invention relates to a method and a device for separating grain mixture, in particular for reading heavy admixtures, such as stones from grain material, in which the material is fed to at least one shift table and essentially layered over an inclined, air-flowed, vibrating layer table surface, in particular a method and a device for reading heavy impurities, in particular stones from grain material, in which the material is fed to a shift table and passed through the substantially inclined, air-flowed and oscillating layer table surface in such a manner that the heavy admixtures directly on the shift table move upwards promoted and discharged separately at the higher end of the table.

Characteristic of the known state of the art

In the past, attempts have been made in a very diverse manner to divide a grain mixture into heavy and light grain fractions. A central problem is the selection of stones from the grain. Stones, broken glass, metal parts and other admixtures that differ in size substantially from the size of a medium grain are separated by sieves. As is known, within the same crops as wheat, barley, rye, oats, spelled, but also other seeds, such as coffee, cocoa beans, field beans, seeds, flower seeds, etc., the outer dimensions of the grains

in a relatively narrow particle size spectrum. What is greater than a certain hole or smaller than a second finer hole, can be easily separated as another good by simply sieving. The difficulty lies in reading out the impurities, which are about the same size as the good grain, and carry them away separately.

Previously, a water bath was often used in which all impurities heavier than the grain were dropped to the bottom of the water bath. The gravity effect or the buoyancy of the water was exploited. The main advantage of this method was the simultaneous washing effect of the grain. Because of the washing water also produced thereby and partly because of the related microbial problems, this solution has been almost completely replaced for some years by the so-called dry cleaning.

In dry cleaning, vibration and strong air flow over a table surface produce basically similar buoyant forces as those used in wash water. In practice, in the last two decades, the generic reading method for stones already proposed by the Applicant has prevailed most, at least where high demands were placed on the readability (see DE-PS 1 S13 707). In this case, a pre-stratification is first produced along a pre-stratification channel. The heavy admixtures sink to the near-table area. At the same time, a slipping of the light layer above the table at a distance over the table surface, in the direction of

end, or "to the corresponding outlet for the lighter fraction. The heavy resting on the table surface impurities are transported by the S _c hwing- and conveying movement of the table surface in the direction of the higher-lying table end, the stones completely separated in a Endtrennzone and are discharged via the corresponding outlet. The main disadvantage of this known solution is the specially required, triangular table shape, which allows only a limited increase in the throughput.

As a result, various other ideas of solution have been tried, but without any resounding practical success. In the number of cases, it has not been possible to achieve the read quality of the former solution. Thus, various attempts have been made to operate with two superimposed work tables, the upper table has a majority sieve and shift function, as shown for example in DE-OS 2,533,274. In this Lö sungsgedanken it is only possible with additional measures such as special installations, etc., a substantially perfect, d. H. to reach almost 100 stone selection.

From GB-PS 1 536 905 a cereal separator is known in which a ventilator for generating an air flow is arranged with the aid of a sloping and perfo-oriented chute. The entire separator and fan housing receiving is rigidly arranged and only the receiving table can be moved.

Here, the classical air circulation system is revealed, but in practice there are always problems with the

- li -

In particular, the problem of so-called false air could not be eliminated.

Finally, in the known Korngemischtrennverfahren, especially Schvvergutausleseverfahren the air flow problematic, which is particularly true for the mutual undisturbed, optimal good and air flow including good and air feed with the result of a restriction of the improvement in throughput, especially with good selection,

Object of the invention

The aim of the invention is to clean core material in an economical manner

Explanation of the essence of the invention

The invention has for its object to provide a method for separating and reading of heavy admixtures, in particular a new Steinausleseverfahren that allows higher throughput and provide an apparatus for performing this method or a new dry gravity readout.

According to the invention, the object is achieved in that the material is fed as the widest possible stream in the range of located at the higher end of the table separation zone of the material layers.

The first practical experiment with the new invention

ken was surprising in a twofold sense. For the first, the readout was immediately unexpectedly high and second, a feed-in point was chosen, which had to be wrong in the professional world, according to all previous conviction. Nevertheless, she let the desired success occur. Up to now, not least because of the idea of pre-separation, the procedure has been presented in two spatially and temporally separate steps. As a first step, a stratification was sought, with the near-table layer should contain all heavy admixtures, and only as a subsequent step, the guided in a channel precursor should be undisturbed fed to the table surface and the stones to the outlet for the stones. Only in the area of the highest lying reading table end was the effective separation and separate routing of the stones. The heavy admixtures should usually account for only a few percent of the grain, so that accordingly the Endtrennzone had the smallest dimensions (the apex of a triangle), because only a small proportion of the total amount of product was conducted until then. Were now the Entrennzone or the table inclination set incorrectly, with too much Korngut could get there or the local air flow was chosen unfavorable, either was the Steinauslese bad or with the stones a multiple of good grains was eliminated. The Endtrennzone was also a place that always had to be specially monitored. It would have been downright absurd to think of pouring a large quantity of fresh grain in the stone separation zone onto the table. Any disturbance at the site showed an immediate deterioration of the operation of the reading tables.

Due to the fact that the invention has completely detached itself from all previous concepts and the supposedly derived unalterable laws of nature,

whether it be that pre-separation is necessary at all,

- and this time and way takes up to the separation of the heavy admixtures

- or by placing the product over a larger area of the table, in the opinion that then each pebble gets the greatest possible chance for the separation,

the new idea could be realized, which consists in particular in that

- The Guteinspeisung takes place as wide-spread as possible Gutstrom

- And this is abandoned directly in the area of the upper end of the table separation zone.

The layer table should work as a good layer table by being such that the underlying heavy admixtures are conveyed up the table. In this way, with a product task at the higher end of the table, most of the heavy admixtures remain in the area of the separation zone or, if they are carried along a little bit downwards, they travel with even greater certainty back up to the final separation zone than all previously known solutions. Now it's just a question

2 -33570

the clean design of the Endtrennzone, the correct adjustment of the amount of air and table tilt to achieve optimum performance. The invention allows for easy practical optimization particularly good conditions by the final separation on the maximum possible width, ie without unnecessary layer thickness by creating a wide-area material flow.

For the purposes of the invention is further that the at least one shift table is added together with a panel associated with it for recirculation mode with separate guides for supply and exhaust air in common vibrations.

This has the advantage that the whole system has a self-cleaning effect. Because of the shaking motion adhering dust particles are continuously shaken off. A time-consuming cleaning can be eliminated. This ensures that the flow paths are not changed by adhering particles in their cross sections, so that always constant flow conditions can be ensured.

By arranging the individual elements within the panel and allowing the panel to resonate, the good is continuously shaken as the item is fed to the guttischar.

The fact that but table as well as Gutverteilungselemente be shaken at the same time, you get the essential for the separation process veil-like, widespread spread dos good on the shift table. Also has this

common design of the essential for the separation process elements within the cladding the advantage that the disadvantageous in the prior art sealing problems can be avoided.

Due to the compact, elegant design and the transmission of the necessary vibrations to all components, it is suddenly possible in a simple manner, the individual functions separated from each other to secure the panel sealing.

The new invention now allows a whole number of further, particularly advantageous embodiments. Thus, according to the invention on the Schxchttisch a uniform layer flow (heavy table up, slightly down the table) with Ströungsrichtungsumkehr in the region of the higher end of the shift table generated, and the product stream fed directly into the field of flow direction reversal.

The flow direction reversal for the light parts is thereby generated in a known per se, wherein sin further continued table top is also flowed through, so that the light parts stand out from the table surface. At the same time, the product layer is prevented from further upward flow in the mechanical table conveying direction by an airflow directed downwards at the point, which acts almost in the manner of a blower or air blast device.

In a further embodiment according to the invention, the material is first fed to a first, uppermost vibrating table and at least a first part of the upstream of the table is fed.

2 8 3 37c

Send, consisting of a mixture of heavier grain and stones Schivergutfraktion at the top of the first table out that the heavy fraction from there wide area is fed to the upper end portion of a same air flowed through the table surface of an underlying second lower layer table.

This measure allows, from the upper table surface about half the throughput amount, but now contains almost 100 Jo of all heavy admixtures dissipate as a heavy layer on the lower table »The actual separation of the most difficult to separate auszuschondernden here on the lower table. In this way, the throughput can be doubled in a single device with the same amount of air, without the slightest loss in terms of quality of separation.

In a further preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, the material is moved upwards on the upper layer table with a lower conveying component than on the lower layer table and a second part of the Schvvergutfraktion is fed from the upper Schxchttisch the lower end portion and / or the iütte of the lower layer table.

This has the advantage that the Steinauslese takes place in two temporally and spatially separated stages.

Also erfindungsgenäß the product stream is fed via a spaced above the table surface guide plate. As a result, the product flow over the entire table width of the laminating table can advantageously be provided.

2 3 3 5 7c

be.

Furthermore, it is proposed according to the invention to carry out the feeding of the product stream in the direction of the flow direction of the light grain layer (or against the flow direction of the heavy grain layer).

In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention, an air stream (blow-back stream) is blown onto the separation zone in the direction of a direction of flow reversal of the heavy grain material traveling up the table to separate the heaviest admixtures (stones) from the molding material.

This has the advantage that a promotion of the light parts or grains is prevented together with the heaviest additions on the table upwards.

In a further embodiment of the method according to the invention, the return blow-off stream is guided between the guide plate and the layer table. In this way, it is particularly possible to guide the air flow to simple Jeise, by which a separation of the heavy and light particles of the goods is possible.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the cladding together with the bed table form a swingably supported box and the box, including the bed table is set in common oscillations.

Another inventive Ausgostaltungsthough is

The fact that the feed-in takes place as the widest possible stream in the area located at the higher end of the table separation zone of the crop layers, the air is discharged from the top center of the panel and supplied in the area of the lower layer table end wide area. This has the advantage that the air supply from the very beginning is wide, so distributed over the entire width of the table from below, applied · It is also possible to achieve an air flow within the box, which manages almost without unwanted vortex formation.

In a further Ausfünrungsform invention of the method, the circulating air is cleaned in the area above the central air outlet and the lower air supply of dust components * Thus, a cleaning of the flowing air can advantageously be done at a time to the unwanted eddies by Abführelemente for cleaning not disturbing the Acting table acting air flow can act.

In another Ausführungsgedanksn invention the good on the upper bed table on a trough-shaped depression (stone and gutter sump) is guided, which thereby reaching into the recess heavy particle fraction through bottom openings of the recess and then via an inclined in the opposite direction as the upper bed table slide on the passed central soil of the lower layer table, however, fed to the overflowing in the flow direction of the trough-shaped recess of the upper layer table Leichtgutfraktion an outlet for light goods. In this way, the heavy layer can advantageously sink completely into the stone sump

and discharged directly downwards. This results in a very high degree of readability for the heaviest admixtures and, in addition, a clean separation can take place with only a minimum of extra effort.

According to the invention the object is further achieved in that the feed channel opens into the area of the higher table end «

Especially surprisingly good were the first test results with the new device, since at the same degree of readability and the same air consumption of the throughput could be increased over 50 % sometimes, without the construction of larger equipment required for the new device.

For the purposes of the invention is also that the at least one shift table is part of a swinging together with him, designed for recirculation mode box is.

This has the advantage that not only the Schicnttisch, but also simultaneously the associated box is shaken. Thus, a self-cleaning effect can be achieved to the extent that adhering dust particles can be shaken off during operation of the system.

At the same time it is possible to design the entire system within the box without the usual sealing problems, because the system according to the invention is sealed to the outside, so that the air can be controlled within targeted.

If the system within the box was not tight to the outside air, it would result in secondary air that would disturb the entire air distribution system. Likewise, it is advantageously possible to introduce wide air in the lower area of the gutter over the entire lower table surface. Overall, therefore, an optimal product supply with the possibility of wide-scale fanning with simultaneous optimal air supply could interfere with each other could be achieved »

In a preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention, the feed channel opens over the entire width of the shift table. This has the advantage that a wide-area and generous loading of the material to be separated is possible.

In one embodiment of the invention, the mouth of the feed channel has a spaced above the bed table guide plate. This guide plate has the advantage of distributing the load to be loaded evenly over the shift table and at the same time serve as a guide for air currents on its underside.

In an embodiment according to the invention, the guide plate in the region of its end pointing in the flow direction on a top edge and bottom openings, such that the bulk of the material flows as a broad-based flow of material on the shift table and the scnvjeren Зеіглеп-tions are discharged through the bottom openings. With this overflow edge one achieves a special seizure likelihood of the product flow, because after the i'iülde has been filled in full width before this upper edge ripples

2 3 3 5 7 0

then a steady stream fed from the trough down to the underlying shift table.

In an embodiment according to the invention, an epidermis separating zone for the readout of the stones is arranged between the guide plate and the table surface of the layer table.

A further breakthrough with regard to greater throughputs could be achieved according to the invention only in that two jointly oscillating layer tables are arranged directly above one another and through which the same air flows.

According to the invention, the lower layer table has a larger conveying component in the upward direction than the upper layer table, for which purpose its surface is rougher than that of the upper layer table. As a result, the upper layer table advantageously serves as a preliminary layer table. Likewise according to the invention, when the upper layer table has at its higher end at least one serving as a feed channel for the lower layer table discharge opening. This allows a very small heavy particle fraction to be directed directly to the higher end of the lower table.

Also according to the invention, the feed channel for the lower layer table extends over the entire width of the upper layer table, in turn, to produce a uniform distribution of good on the lower layer table.

According to the invention, the two layer tables are arranged to each other such that the upper layer table well on the

О О Г 7 л

и о ^ / О

- 22 -

fed upper table end of the lower shift table. In this way, it is possible that almost the entire portion of the material to be separated is fed at the location of the lower table, where the unexpectedly good separation is possible.

In a further embodiment of the device according to the invention the Gutzuführung part of the box. This has the advantage that the Gutzuführung resonates with the box and by this swinging motion the material is pre-loosened before hitting the shaking table and forms a so-called veil. This veil is the guarantee for a wide distribution on the table. In addition, with a simultaneous cleaning due to the shaking and a co-purification of the feedstock is expected.

In a further embodiment according to the invention, provision is made within the box for an air suction space and a circulating-air feed channel separated therefrom, which opens in the region of the lower-lying end of the at least one layer table. This makes it possible to dimension the Lu f'tabsaugraum as well as the Umluftzuführkanal dimension such generous that no strong constrictions trigger unwanted vortex or other unpleasant flow effects. The entire air flow can be performed without interference within the box through the tables and enforce this evenly across the width of the lower surface of the bottom table this full width.

Another preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention is at the top of the box

arranged: on one end side of a Guteinlauf, about in the middle of a Luftabsaugstutzen and on the opposite end side of an air return line for the recirculating air duct. This makes it possible to suck the circulating air conveyed through the respective shift table in the middle in good flow conditions, without a feed disturbance being expected to interfere with the flow characteristics. With the lateral Guteinspeisung it is still possible to feed the feed to be fed to the middle of the shift table to be loaded. At the same time, it is possible by this preferred embodiment to conveniently suck the air over the middle. This leaves enough room for the circulating air supply channel, because the so-called spout e for the estate can be made relatively narrow, without disturbing the Gutführung. As a result, at the bottom of the shift table, the air supply from the bottom right from the beginning wide, so the entire table width feeding from below, proceed.

In a further embodiment of the invention the box is sch'.vingfähig stored in a frame having in its upper ßereich a stationary head piece, wherein the head piece is connected via the Luftabsaugstutzen with a Umluftabscheider and flexible cuffs with the box. Due to this compact and elegant construction, sealing problems can only arise on the three sockets on the box surface, which are connected via flexible sleeves to the stationary part of the non-oscillating frame, the head. The seals can be designed to be particularly reliable, since they have been able to use proven flexible sleeves for a long time. The operational safety through the seals

finally leads to a trouble-free flow within the box.

In one embodiment of the invention, the Umluftabscheider is connected to a suction fan and a Staubabführleitung «In this way, the disturbing part of fine shells and dust from the air stream can be removed. Furthermore, it is according to the invention to connect the recirculating air duct with an aspiration connection for fine dust filters. Dust accumulation in the entire device can be advantageously avoided and the reliability and hygiene can be increased. Due to the recirculation mode only a small proportion of the total amount of air must be passed through the fine dust filter.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the upper table surface in its lower area a trough-shaped depression (stone or gutter sump) with Durchfallöffnungene ^ in the trough bottom for additional separation of the product stream in a S _c hwer- and a light fraction.

In addition, with the invention, a high degree of stone readout, namely readout of all foreign sword values still present in the sieved grain material can take place. In addition, advantageously little air is needed and the method and apparatus are simple and in particular less sensitive to throughput fluctuations.

Working Example

Below, the solution according to the invention in several embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings

be explained

 Show it:

Fig. 1 the simplest form of a small table reader for stones;

FIG. 2 shows the product feed onto the shift table; FIG.

Fig. 3 the same approach as Fig. 1, but with two table surfaces, especially for a large product throughput;

FIG. 4 shows a solution according to FIG. 1, but with a recirculating air channel; FIG.

FIG. 5 shows a solution according to FIG. 3, but with a recirculating air channel; FIG.

FIG. 6 shows FIG. 5 with recirculating air separator; FIG.

7 shows a solution similar to FIG. 3 with additional formation of two scavenging fractions together with the selection of stones;

Fig. 3 shows a variant embodiment of the Fig. 7;

Fig. 9 is a stone sump on the shift table surface and

Fig. 10 shows the device as in Figs. 3, 7 and 8 with guided through the box circulating air duct.

In the following, reference is now made to FIGS. 1 and 2. 1 shows a basic type for a new stone extractor 1, wherein the fresh grain material passes through an inlet 2 on a bed table 3 and removed therefrom as purified grain material via a spout 4. Over the bed table 3 is a closed hood 5 arranged, which has a suction opening б. The hood 5 forms, together with the layer table 3, a vibrating device 7 which is vibratable by a vibration exciter 8 having a vibrating component in the direction of the upper end of the laminating table 3. The upper end of the layer table 3 is formed by a guide plate 19 as Endtrennzone. The entire oscillating device 7 is supported by spring elements 9 on a stationary on a floor 11 frame 10. Also firmly connected to the frame IO is a non-oscillating header 12, in which the inlet 2 and an air suction 13 are mounted. Further, in the air exhaust pipe 13, an air quantity adjusting door 14 is arranged to adjust the air aspirated by the whole stone extractor 1. The connection of the oscillating parts, or the oscillating device 7 and the head piece 12 via flexible cuffs 15, which are arranged after the inlet 2.

The layer table 3, viewed in plan view, preferably has an at least approximately rectangular shape. The product transfer point extends over the volla Tischbreito. The width is indicated in Fig. 2 with "3", the layer thickness with "D". The formation of a wide-area product stream 20, also called Gutschleier, for the purpose of Guteinspeisung takes place in two stages. As part of the oscillating hood 5, the fresh grain is in a distribution box 17th

2 3 3 570

guided. The vibration promotes the uniform, wide distribution of the grain in the distribution box 17. The same purpose is a likewise provided in the distribution box 17 damper 18, so that the grain already as a broad product flow directly on the over the entire width of the table extending guide plate 19 and then as uniform , wide product stream 20 is passed to the layer table 3. The wide-area spread of the product stream 20 is further supported by the fact that the guide plate 19 has an upper edge 16 at its free end, thus thus formed trough-shaped. For the pre-separation of Schvvergut and light goods, the trough-shaped guide plate 19 may also have bottom openings for the passage of heavier admixtures.

The broad, uniform product flow propagation on the bed table 3 is illustrated particularly in FIG. 2. In the same figure, the layering is deliberately over-emphasized. The sheet table 3 has a oduktauflage as P _r rough mesh 21 and is constructed in a manner known per se in the so-called sandwich construction, wherein the mesh grid 21, the upper side forms supported by honeycomb-shaped arranged metal strips 34 which downwardly through a pinhole plate 22 are held. In the individual fields 23 between the metal strips 34 cleaning body 24 are arranged, which keep both the mesh grid 21 as well as the perforated plate 22 clean. It is also important пізг further that the perforated plate 22 has an air resistance which is much greater than the air resistance of the mesh 21, z. B. on the order of 1: 10. With this measure, the air distribution, regardless of the layer thickness on the mesh grid 21 on the entire surface of the bed table

3 are kept approximately constant.

The coating itself consists essentially of three different layers, with a lower, the heavy admixtures containing heavy layer 25 is promoted by the mechanical throwing motion up the table. One of the heavy admixtures freed light layer 26 is held by the targeted flow of air not only in the loose state, but also at a distance above the mesh 21 in suspension. Since the layer table 3 is slightly inclined and the upper light layer 26 does not directly receive an upwardly directed delivery pulse but is kept in vibration, it floats toward the lower side of the table. Moreover, the layer table 3 is adjustable in its inclination by an adjusting device 35. A third stratification 27 consists of the actual heavy admixtures, mostly only individual particles, individual foreign bodies, stones 28, etc. Good, heavy grains 29 and light parts, z, B, half grains, shell parts 30 are shown in their respective approximately corresponding shape. The S.hwergut with the stones 28 drops immediately on the swinging table surface and moves by the vibration on the formed as a mesh grid 21 rough table surface table upwards.

For the described function, it is now important that the air flow is guided correctly. The entire layer table surface is traversed uniformly from bottom to top by a suction air flow, the flow direction through? File 31 is illustrated. This air flow 31 brings the grain material into a strongly fluidized state, since only the heaviest parts, d, h, of the stones 28 lie on the higher

ne table end to be separated and transported from there into a stone sluice 45, a corresponding Rückblasstrom 33 is formed, which prevents light parts or grains are promoted with the heaviest admixtures with up. The return blow stream is preferably formed below the guide plate 19. If the guide plate 19 is firmly connected to the hood wall, the air guided into the slot between the guide plate and the layer table can only escape in the direction of the return blow-through stream 33.

Thus, with the exception of the stones 28 located therein, the material is prevented from moving further upwards by the air flow before the end separation zone. The stones 28 can continue their movement towards the higher end of the table.

The same return blow-stream 33 causes a flow front, or flow direction reversal 32, which clearly sets in practice. At the location of the flow direction reversal 32, the grain material 29 freed from the bricks 28 is replaced by the strong air flow 31; 33 lifted from the table surface and now flows freely together with all light goods with the upper lifted light layer 26 down the table. The lightest fraction is discharged immediately at the outlet 4; a mean grain fraction may make a circular VVanderbevvegung several times table-down-table down, which is particularly true for border grains.

In Figs. 1 and 2, the product flow 20 is fed directly into the zone of flow direction reversal 32. The flow direction reversal 32 is generated from the three forces mechanical uptake action, floating down the upper layer downstream and return blowback stream 33.

2 3 3 5 7c - зо -

The main structural difference of Fig. 3 to Fig. 1 is that in Fig. 3, two layer tables, an upper layer table 3a and a lower layer table 3b are used. Basically, both Schichtt-ische 3a and 3b have the same structure, eg. As in Fig. 2, on. In principle, the return air flow 33 is absent in the upper layer table 3a, so that not only the heaviest admixtures but also the entire heavy layer 25 are moved up the table and can fall onto the guide plate 19 through a discharge channel 40 via a steering plate 41. From the guide plate 19, the operation of the shift table 3b is identical to that of the shift table 3 of FIG. 1 respectively 2.

In order to prevent the fresh incoming product stream 20 from the distribution box 17 from being mixed directly with the heavy layer 25, a guide plate 42 is arranged between the distribution box 17 and the layer table 3a at the highest point.

The effluent product stream is discharged via a product lock 43 directly into a drainage channel 44 of the lower layer table 3b. The two freed from the heaviest admixtures Gutströme the two shift tables 3a and 3b are merged in the outlet 4 again.

All heaviest admixtures, never stones 28 etc., are first separated from the upper layer table 3a together with the heavy layer 25. On the lower layer table 3b then takes place only the actual separation and separate iVegführen the stones 23 via the stone lock 45 instead. The stone selection takes place here in two temporally and spatially separated stages. It happens

- зі -

first concentrating with all heavy goods, z. B. 30 % to 60 % of the entire Gutdurchsatzes on the upper layer table 3a and only from the reduced Gutdurchsatz the stones and other heaviest admixtures are read and led away separately.

FIG. 4 is identical to FIG. 1 with respect to the product guide, and FIG. 5 corresponds to FIG. 3. The solution idea of FIGS. 4 and 5, however, additionally contains a completely closed box 50, which can be replaced by, respectively the layer table (e) is subdivided into an upper suction space and into a lower suction space 52. Laterally at the lower end of, or the shift table (s) is a recirculating air channel 53, which is connected via a flexible hose 54 with an air return line 55. An air flow restrictor 56 is disposed in the air return passage 55. In Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, the box 50 is supported by spring elements 9 on the stationary frame itself. In the twin machine in Fig. 5, two outlets 4 are arranged as tubular product channels 57 on both sides (perpendicular to the image plane), so that the remaining space between the two product channels 57 for the recirculating air channel 53 remains. The box 50 is bordered in Figs. And 5 for better identification with a dashed line.

In addition to FIGS. 4 and 5, FIG. 6 additionally shows a circulating-air separator 60 with a suction fan 61 and a motor drive 62. In this case, the Luftabsaugstutzen 13 leads directly into the Umlauftabscheider 60, wherein the essential, or disturbing part of fine shells and dust via a Staubabführleitung 64 from the air flow

2 8 3 5 7ο

Will get removed.

In most cases, where circulating air is used, an air-entigung is advantageous because it can effectively prevent dust accumulation throughout the device and increase the safety and hygiene. The recirculation mode has the great advantage that only a minimum amount of air, eg. B. 10 % of the circulating air volume must be performed on fine dust filter. For this purpose, an aspiration port 65 is provided. The Umluftabscheider 60 can be attached directly to the ceiling 66 with fan.

FIG. 7 has a fundamental difference with respect to FIG. 3 in that, in FIG. 7, only a small part of the throughput of the upper layer table 3 c at the highest point through a series of larger holes 71 over the entire table width, down the overhead zone of the flow direction reversal of the lower layer table 3d is discharged. The bulk of the heavy material is passed in the area of the lower end of the table via a chute approximately to the middle of the lower layer table 3d, again over the entire width of the table. Many series of measurements have shown that in this solution, nevertheless, the large part of the stones is discharged through the holes 71 directly to the lower layer table 3d. In the solutions of FIGS. 7 and 8, it is important that the upper layer table has only a less rough surface than the lower layer table 3d, vile this is shown in Fig. 9, by the upper layer table 3c of perforated plate and the lower Shifting table 3d is formed from a mesh screen.

A particularly interesting, independent thought is now

2 8 3 57ο

- зз -

Still shown in FIGS. 8 and 9. This is the use of a stone sump 80 in the area of the upper layer table 3c. The procedure is as follows: the stone sump 80 consists of a trough-like depression 81, which extends over the entire width of the layer table 3c. Similar to FIG. 2, two different layers, namely the heavy layer 25 and the light layer 26 freed of the heavy admixtures, are also formed in FIGS. 8 and 9.

Because the surface of the upper layer table 3 has only a slight roughness, there is no actual upward flow; at least the whole heavy layer 25 can not be moved upwards. Rather, the lower heavy layer 25 flows downstream greatly downstream, as indicated by the single arrow 82. On the other hand, the light layer 26 flows downwards at high speed (double arrow 83). The heavy layer, once in the area of the depression 81, then forcibly sinks into the stone sump 80. The stone sump 80 now has a number of diarrheal openings at its bottom a part of the good is continuously discharged together with the stones on the underlying slide 72 and the lower layer table 3d. By properly adjusting the number of effective orifices 84 with respect to the heavy layer flow rate, the light and special layers can be separated so that the heavy layer 25 permanently falls completely into the stone sump 80 and is discharged directly downwards. This results in two major benefits;

1. This results in a very high degree of readability for the heaviest of admixtures (stones, etc.)

8 3 5 7g

2. It can be separated into a clean heavy fraction (good grains) and the remainder into a light crop fraction (skins, skins and broken grains) with only a minimum of extra effort in addition to separating the heaviest ingredients.

This makes it possible to carry out the separation into the different basic fractions (stones, etc., heavy, light) in a single device of very high quality,

Fig. 10 finally shows a device according to the same principles as the devices of FIG. 3; 7 and 8 works. For this reason, a repetition of the description of the same components is unnecessary at this point. The device of FIG. 10 differs from the aforementioned devices only in that a recirculating air duct 53 is arranged separately in the box 50, and the conditional influence on the flow properties of the air in the box 50 can be avoided.

Claims (25)

2 8 3 5 7ο claims 1 · Method for reading heavy admixtures, in particular stones from grain material, in which the material is fed to a shift table and passed substantially layered over the inclined, air-flowed and vibrating layer table surface, that the heavy admixtures directly on the shift table conveyed up the table and be discharged separated at the height of the table end, characterized in that the material is fed as the widest possible stream in the area located at the higher end of the table separating zone of the crop layers. 2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that on the layer table (3; 3b j 3d) a uniform layer flow heavy layer (25) table-top, light layer (26) downstream, with flow reversal (32) in the region of the higher end of the Layer (3; 3b; 3d) is generated, and that the product stream (20) is fed directly into the region of the flow direction reversal (32). _З ф method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the material to a first upper stratification table (3a; 3c) is first fed, and that at least a first part of the table upwardly flowing, from a mixture of heavier grain material (29) and stones (28) existing heavy material fraction at the upper end of the first table (3a, 3c) is guided so that the heavy material fraction from there over a wide area the upper end of a flowed through by the same air table surface of underlying second, lower layer table (3b, 3d) is fed. 4. Method according to claim 3, characterized in that the product is moved upwards on the upper layer table (3a; 3c) with a lower conveying component than on the lower layer table (3b; 3d) and a second part of the heavy material fraction from the upper layer table (3a 3c) is fed to the region of the lower end and / or the middle of the lower layer table (3b j 3d). 5 »Method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the product stream (20) is fed in via a guide plate (19) arranged at a distance above the table surface, 6. The method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the product flow in the direction of the flow direction of the light grain layer (26) (or against the flow direction of the heavy grain layer (25)) is fed. 7. The method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that for the separation of the heaviest admixtures (stones (28)) from the grain (29) an air flow (return blow-stream (33)) in the direction of flow direction reversal of the table moving upward grain material (29) is blown onto the separation zone. 8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that the return blow-off stream (33) between the guide plate (19) and the layer table (3; 3b; 3d) is guided « 9. A method for separating Korngeraisch, in particular for reading heavy admixtures, such as stones from grain, in which the material is fed to at least one shift table and substantially layered over an inclined, air-flow, vibrating layer table surface is passed, in particular according to one of the preceding claims , characterized in that the at least one layer table (3; 3a; 3b; 3c; 3d), together with a lining assigned to it for recirculating air operation, is set into joint oscillations with separate guides for supply and exhaust air. 10.Verfahren according to claim 9, characterized in that the cladding together with the layer table 3; 3a; 3b; 3c; 3d) forms a swingably supported box (50) and the box (50) including the layer table (3; 3a; 3b; 3c; 3d) is set in common vibration. 11. The method according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the feed-in as the widest possible stream in the region of located at the higher end of the table separation zone of the material layers, the air is discharged from the top center of the panel and supplied in the area of the lower layer table end wide area , 12. The method according to at least one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that the circulating air is cleaned in the region above the central air outlet and the lower air supply of dust components. 13. The method according to at least one of the preceding claims with two directly stacked layer tables, characterized in that the material on the upper layer table (3c) via a trough-shaped depression (stone and gutter sump (80)) is guided, which thereby in the recess passing heavy material fraction through bottom openings of the depression and then over a in the opposite direction as the upper layer table (3c) inclined chute (72) on the central region of the lower layer table 3d) is passed, in the flow direction of the trough-shaped depression of the upper layer table (3c) overflowing Leichtgutfraktion, however, is fed to a spout for light goods. Apparatus for separating and reading out heavy admixtures from a product stream, in particular stone from grain material, with a feed channel for feeding the product stream onto an air - flowable vibratable inclined bed table with a vibrating conveyor component in the direction of the higher end of the table, characterized in that Feeding channel opens into the area of the higher table end. 15. The apparatus according to claim 14, characterized in that the feed channel over the entire width of the bed table (3, 3b, 3c) opens. 16. Apparatus according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that the mouth of the feed channel has a guide plate (19) arranged at a distance above the bed table (3; 3b; 3d). 2 8 3 5 7c Vorrichtung ?, Device according to Claim 16, characterized in that the guide plate (19) has an overflow edge (16) and bottom openings in the region of its end pointing in the direction of flow, such that the bulk of the material acts as a broad-area flow of good on the layer table (3; ; 3c) flows and the heavy admixtures are drained through the bottom openings. 18. Device according to at least one of claims 16 or 17, characterized in that between the guide plate (19) and the table surface of the shift table (3b) an Endtrennzone for the reading of the stones is arranged. 19. The device according to at least one of claims 12 to 18, characterized in that two jointly oscillating layer tables (3a, 3b, 3c, 3d) are arranged directly above one another and through which the same air flows. 20. Device according to claim 19, characterized in that the lower layer table (3b; 3d) has a larger conveying component in the upward direction than the upper layer table (3a; 3c) and, for this purpose, its surface is rougher than that of the upper layer table (3a; 3c) , 21. The device according to claim 20, characterized in that the upper layer table (3a, 3c) has at its higher end at least one serving as a feed channel for the lower Schichttisc'n (3b, 3d) discharge opening. 2 8 3 5 7 22 «Device according to claim 21, characterized in that the feed channel for the lower layer table (3b; 3d) extends over the entire width of the upper layer table (3a; 3c). 23. Device according to at least one of claims 19 to 22, characterized in that the two layer tables (3a; 3b; 3c; 3d) are arranged relative to one another in such a way that the upper layer table (3a; 3c) touches the upper table end of the lower layer table (3b; 3d) feeds. 24. An apparatus for separating K _o rngemischen, in particular for reading out heavy impurities such as stones from a product stream, in particular grain material with at least one through which air flows, vibratable, inclined bed table, in particular according to one of claims 12 to 23, characterized in that the at least one shift table (3; 3a; 3b; 3c; 3d) is part of a box (50) designed to oscillate with it and designed for circulating air operation. 25. The apparatus according to claim 24, characterized in that the Gutzuführung part of the box (50). 26. The apparatus according to claim 25, characterized in that within the box (50) are provided: an air suction and a separate recirculating air supply channel, which opens in the region of the lower end of the at least one layer table (3; 3b; 3d). 27. The device according to at least one of claims 24 to 26, characterized in that at the top of the box (50) are arranged: on one end of a Guteinlauf, about in the middle of a Luftabsaugstutzen and at the opposite end an air return line for the recirculating air channel (53). 28 «device according to claim 27, characterized in that the box (50) is mounted in an oscillatory manner in a frame (10) having in its upper portion a stationary head piece (12), wherein the head piece (12) via the Luftabsaugstutzen (13 ) is connected to a Umluftabscheider (60) and flexible cuffs with the box (50). 29. The apparatus according to claim 28, characterized in that the Umluftabscheider (60) with a suction fan (61) and with a Staubabführleitung (64) is connected. 30. The device according to at least one of claims 24 to 29, characterized in that the recirculating air channel (53) is connected to an aspiration port (65) for fine dust filters. 31. The device according to at least one of claims 12 to 30, characterized in that the upper table surface in its lower region has a trough-shaped depression (stone or gutter sump 80) with Durchfallöffnungen (84) in the trough bottom for additional separation of the product stream into a heavy and a light fraction. Htttf 1Q Be