DD257379A1 - AGENTS FOR EXTRACTING PLANTS AND PLANT PARTS - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to means for Abtoetung plants or parts of plants and for combating undesirable plant growth, which are particularly suitable for the siccation of potato herb, Koernerleguminosen and rapeseed. The object is to find advantageous combinations of known herbicidal active ingredients for use in modern agrochemical processes which do not cause any damage to the downstream crops and reduce the infection of potato tubers with Phytophthora infestans. According to the invention, for this purpose, combinations of 3,5-dihalogenated 4-hydroxybenzonitriles with monohalogenated acetic acids or 2-chloro-6-methyl-4-benzylphenol or 1-butylamino-cyclohexanphosphoric acid dibutyl ester or 1-butylamino-cyclohexanphosphonic acid dibutyl ester and 2-methylthio-4-ethylamino-6 isopropylamino-1,3,5-triazine or sodium chlorate and ammonium peroxydisulfate.

Description

Field of application of the invention

The present invention relates to synergistically effective combinations of known herbicidal active ingredients for siccation and for controlling undesired plant growth.

Characteristic of the known technical solutions

The chemical pre-drying of crop stands is of great importance in the context of the application of modern agrochemical production processes. In potato cultivation, in addition to the killing and drying of the potato herb, an infection of the potato tubers with Phytophthora infestans should be largely prevented. In the cultivation of seed carrier stocks, especially under humid climatic conditions, a drying and uniform maturation is to be achieved, so that the high energy consumption for post-drying can be reduced and the use of modern harvesting technology can be made possible.

Common commercial preparations for siccation contain z. Sodium chlorate, dinitro-o-cresol, 1,1 '-ethylene-2,2'-dipyridylium bromide or 1-butylamino-cyclohexane-dibutyl phosphonate as the active ingredient; However, these preparations have specific disadvantages when used in the usual amounts practice; too high general toxicity, too high persistence, tuber damage, generally unsatisfactory efficiency.

Halogenated hydroxybenzonitriles (3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxybenzonitrile and 3,5-diiodo-4-hydroxybenzonitrile) are common herbicides (DD 33344, DD 42052), as well as monohalogenated acetic acids (US 2622976).

2-Methylthio-4-ethylamino-6-isopropylamino-1,3,5-triazine (DT 1 011904) has hitherto been used in tank mixtures with sodium chlorate as siccating agent, 2-chloro-6-methyl-4-benzylphenol is as bactericidal and as Fungicide described (DD 131746). Also known is the sikkierende effect of salts of peroxydisulfuric (US 3520673). However, all these agents do not achieve a satisfactory result in their efficiency as Sikkationsmittel.

Object of the invention

The aim of the invention is the development of improved siccatives for use in modern agrochemical production processes.

Explanation of the essence of the invention

The object is to find advantageous mixtures for killing plants and parts of plants on the basis of known herbicidal active ingredients, which are characterized by higher efficacy, reduced toxicity and reduced susceptibility of the tubers to Phytophthora infestans

 It has been found that combinations of 3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxybenzonitrile (I) or 3,5-diiodo-4-hydroxybenzonitrile (II) with

(A) monochloroacetic acid (III) or monoiodoacetic acid (IV) or.

(B) 2-chloro-6-methyl-4-benzylphenol (V) or

(C) i-butylamino-cyclohexane-phosphonic acid dibutyl ester (VI) or

(D) i-butylamino-cyclohexane-phosphonic acid dibutyl ester fVI) and 2-methylthio-4-ethylamino-6-isopropylamino-1,3,5-triazine (VII) or

(E) Sodium chlorate (VIII) and ammonium peroxydisulfate (IX)

as active ingredient mixtures have a much better effect for killing plants or parts of plants than the expected additive activity of the individual components. Surprisingly, the drug mixture (D) proved to be significantly more effective than the combination (C) and as the additive effect of the compounds (I) or (II) + (Vl) + (VII). The rate of application of these agents can be significantly reduced due to the synergistic increase in efficiency, so that damage to the subsequent crops are avoided. Another advantage of the combinations of the invention is their ability to reduce the infection of tubers with Phytophthora infestans.

The proposed combinations are particularly suitable for killing potato herb, for siccation of grain legumes and rapeseed and for controlling undesired plant growth.

In the combinations, the mass ratio of the halogenated hydroxybenzonitriles (I, II) and the other active ingredients (III, IV, V, Vl, VII, VIII and IX) within the limits of

(A) 1: 2 to 1:50

(B) 1: 1 to 1:10

(C) 1: 1 to 1:20

(D) 10: 10: 1 to 1:20:10

(E) 5:20:10 to 1:20:20

move.

Of the active compound combinations according to the invention can be prepared in a known manner formulations. For this they are dissolved or dispersed with customary auxiliaries and carriers or mixed with solid carrier materials or formulated by other known methods. The compositions generally contain between 5 and 90% by weight of active ingredients. They can be used as such or in forms prepared by further dilution and in tank mixes. The application is carried out in a known manner z. B. by pouring, spraying or spraying.

embodiments

Plants were used, which were grown on cultivation soil under additional lighting in the greenhouse. Depending on the season, the potato was pre-germinated 2 to 3 weeks in peat. After casserole of the plants was fertilized with 50 ml of 0.2% Wopil solution per pot and additionally illuminated with Hg high-pressure lamps. Per pot 4 pots were used with plants in the same stage of development.

The application of the funds was carried out by dripping wet spraying the plants with the respective drug solution, while the soil was covered to prevent the ingress of funds.

The scoring took place after 1,3,7 and 10 days, in the examples the final score is shown. The scoring was carried out in terms of dead plant parts in percent, separated by leaf and stem.

Field plots were performed with Solanum tuberosum, variety Karpina. For each tested variant 4 χ 10 m ² dense plants were treated. The drug application was carried out by spraying using a backpack syringe. The broth application rate was 60 ml / m ² . The evaluation of the effect was carried out after 4.14 and 21 days, wherein the degree of killing of the plants in% separated by leaf and stalk, was evaluated. In the examples the final rating is shown.

The calculation of the synergistic effect took place after COLBY:

X ₊ Y ₊ Z ^{(XY) + (XZ) + (YZ) XYZ}

100 100 10000

The residual effect of the active substance mixtures was determined with summer wheat under greenhouse conditions with uniform irrigation. Per variant 4 χ 50 grains were sown in monthly intervals in planters in a mixture of 70% seed soil and 30% sand. Before the first sowing, the soil was sprayed at the rate specified in the examples. After 36 days, the scoring was carried out with regard to damaged parts of plants (scores from 1 to 10), the score 10 being 100% of dead plant parts.

The effect of the proposed drug combinations against Phytophthora infestans was determined in laboratory experiments.

40 cubes of potato tuber tissue (Solanum tuberosum), variety Astilla (edge length 1.5 cm) per variant were infected with a zoospore suspension of Phytophthora infestans and dipped after 24 h in a solution of the proposed drug combinations. The control was treated with water and the potato tissue cubes kept in a humidified chamber at 17 ° C.

The assessment took place 10 days after the infection:

Number of infected pages

Infection degree according to the following rating scheme:.

0 no infestation

1 weak infestation

2 heavy infestations up to 30%

3 heavy infestation up to 50%

4 heavy infestations up to 80%

5 strong infestation up to 100%

6 growth stimulation

example 1

Desiccative effect of a mixture of 3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxybenzonitrile (I) or 3,5-diiodo-4-hydroxybenzonitrile (II) with monochloroacetic acid (III) or monoiodoacetic acid (IV) on Solanum tuberosum in the whole plant test. Evaluation 10 days after drug administration

Desiccative effect in% IV I + III

I + IV

Il + III

synergistic effect η. COLBY

Conc. (%) 0.5 0.1 1.5 0.5 100 92 100 48 100 48 21.5 Leaf stems 22 2 50 2 100 49 100 25 Conc. (%) 0.1 0.3 1.5 0.8 100 84 100 89 22.32 Leaf stems 22 2 100 38 100 66 Conc. (%) 0.05 1.5 41.98 Leaf stems 55 2 100 27 Conc. (%) 0.5 1.5 42.9 Leaf stems 51 5 Conc. (%) 19.5 Leaf stems Conc. (%)

Leaf stems

50 25

100 27

100 70

24.7

Example 2

Desiccative effect of a mixture of 3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxybenzonitrile (I) or 3,5-diiodo-4-hydroxybenzonitrile (II) with 2-chloro-6-methyl-4-benzylphenol (V) on Solanum tuberosum in the whole plant test

 Evaluation 10 days after drug administration

Desiccative effect in%

V. I + V

Il + V

synergistic effect n. COLBY

Conc. (%) 0.1 0.1 0.8 100 94 100 92 31.20 85.18 Leaf stems Ca) cn cn 50 2 52 6 Conc. (%) 0.15 0.3 0.8 100 100 91.18 Leaf stems 68 3 52 6 Conc. (%) 0.5 0.5 100 89 78.3 Leaf stems 51 5 55 6 Conc. (%) 0.7 80.2 Leaf stems 82 10 Conc. (%) 0.7

Blue stems

50 25

82 10

100 88

66.5

Example 3

Desiccative effect of a mixture of 3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxybenzonitrile (I) or 3,5-diiodo-4-hydroxybenzonitrile (II) with 1-butylamino-cyclohexanephosphonic dibutyl ester (VI) on Solanum tuberosum in the whole plant test Evaluation 10 days after administration of the active substance

Desiccative effect in% synergistic

Effect n. COLBY

I Il Vl I + Vl Il + Vl 24.4 17.1 Conc. (%) 0.1 0.2 Leaf stems 41 2 42 4 90 23 20.3 Conc. (%) 0.3 0.2 Leaf stems 74 8 42 4 100 32 17.0 Conc. (%) 0.5 0.2 Leaf stems NJ CO CJL NJ 42 4 100 45 17.0 Conc. (%) 0.7 0.32 Leaf stems 100 38 54 8 100 60 39.6 Conc. (%) 0.7 0.4 Leaf stems CaJ O 00 O 12 100 85 18.1 Conc. (%) 0.1 0.32 Leaf stems 50 2 54 8 100 28 16.2 Conc. (%) 0.1 0.4 Leaf stems 50 2 12 100 30 27.0 Conc. (%) 0.3 0.32 Leaf stems 68 25 54 8 100 58 Conc. (%) 0.3 0.4

Sheet 68 69 100 -

Stem 25 12 72 38.0

Example 4

Desiccative effect of a mixture of 3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxybenzonitrile (I) with 2-methylthio-4-ethylamino-6-isopropylamino-1,3,5-triazine (VII) and i-butylamino-cyclohexanephosphonic dibutyl ester fVI) on Solanumtuberosum strain Karpina in open field trial evaluation 14 days after active ingredient application

I Vl Desiccative effect in% VII I + Vl 100 52 I + VII I + Vl + VII synergistic effect according to COLBY I + Vl I + VII I + Vl + VII 15.0 43.6 65.2 Conc. (%) 0.2 0.4 0.04 Leaf stems 83 30 20 2 12 2 12 12 100 75 100 100 14.5 29.2 26.0 44.3 43.4 Conc. (%) 0.1 0.28 0.04 Leaf stems 18 1 CM CJJ CN CM 57 29 cn oo CJl O 17.2 2.1

Example 5

Desiccative effect of a mixture of 3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxybenzonitrile (I) with sodium chlorate (VIII) and ammonium peroxydisulfate (IX) on Solanum tuberosum variety Karpina in field trials Evaluation 14 days after active ingredient application

I VIII Desiccative effect in% IX I + VIII + IX -5- 257 379 synergistic effect n. COLBY Conc. (%) 0.2 1.2 1.0 Leaf stems 83 30 70 35 20 8 100 94 37.5 Conc. (%) 0.1 1.2 1.0 Leaf stems 18 1 70 35 20 8 100 85 40.8

24 10 40 28 O 0 10 CJL O 1 15 2 O 3 0 0 O 2 0 0 15 5 2 1

Example 6

Residual effect of a mixture of 3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxy-benzonitrile (I) with monochloroacetic acid (III) or 2-chloro-6-methyl-4-benzylphenol (V) or i-butylamino-cyclohexanephosphonic acid dibutyl ester (VI) or 1-Butylaminocyclohexanphosphonic acid dibutyl ester (VI) and 2-methylthio-4-ethylamino-6-isopropylamino-1,3,5-triazine (VII) or sodium chlorate (VIII) and ammonium peroxydisulfate (IX) in soil, judged by the degree of damage the leaves of summer wheat in%, 36 days after sowing

Damage to the leaves (leaf area in%) 36 days after sowing

Active substance or sowing (in weeks) after administration of the active substance

active ingredient mixture

J Si 9 13 ^ _

' Sodium chlorate (15.0) I + III

(3.0 + 9.0) I + V

(0.0 + 4.8) I + Vl (3.0 + 1.2) I + Vl + Vll (0.6 + 4.8 + 0.6) + Viii + ix (1.2 + 7.2 + 6,0)

Example 7

Effect of a mixture of 3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxybenzonitrile (I) with monochloroacetic acid (III) or 2-chloro-6-methyl-4-benzylphenol (V) or 1-butylamino-cyclohexanephosphonic acid dibutyl ester (VI) or 1- Butylaminocyclohexanphosphonsäure dibutylester (Vl) and 2-methylthio-4-ethylamino-6-isopropylamino-1,3,5-triazine (VII) or sodium chlorate (VIII) and ammonium peroxydisulfate (IX) on the infection of potato cubes with Phytophthora infestans (for comparison 1,1'-ethylene-2,2'-dipyridylium dibromide was included in the tests). Evaluation 10 days after the infection

Active substance or mixture of active ingredients - number of infected sites in% degree of infestation

solution (conc.%) to the untreated control

3 3

sodium chlorate 91 (2.5) 1,1'-ethylene-2,2' 68 dipyridyliumdibro- mid (0.5) I + III 0 (0.7 + 0.8) I + V 35 (0.5 + 0.7) I + Vl 4 (0.05 + 1.0) I + Vl 12 (0.5 + 1.2) I + Vl + Vll 5 (0.1 + 0.8 + 0.1) I + VIII + IX CJL (0.2 + 1.2 + 1.0)

Claims (3)

1. Means for killing plants and parts of plants, characterized in that they are next to , conventional excipients and carriers a combination of 3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxybenzonitrile (I) or 3,5-diiodo-4-hydroxybenzonitrile (II) with (A) monochloroacetic acid (III) or monoiodoacetic acid (IV) or (B) 2-chloro-6-methyl-4-benzylphenol (V)
or (C) i-butylamino cyclohexanephosphonic dibutyl ester VII) or (D) i-Butylamino-cyclohexanephosphonic dibutyl ester FVl) and 2-methylthio-4-ethylamino-6-isopropylamino-1,3,5-triazine (VII) or (E) Sodium chlorate (VIII) and ammonium peroxydisulfate (IX). 2. Composition according to item 1, characterized in that in the combinations, the mass ratio of the halogenated hydroxybenzonitriles (I; II) and the active ingredients III, IV, V, VI and VIl, VIII and IX within the limits of. (A) 1: 2 to 1:50 (B) 1: 1 to 1:10 (C) 1: 1 to 1:20 (D) 10: 10: 1 to 1: 20: 10 (E) 5:20:10 to 1:20:10
move. 3. Means according to item 1, characterized in that they are used for the siccation of potatoes, grain legumes and oilseed rape and to control unwanted plant growth.