DD230863B5 - MEANS FOR INHIBITION BZW. REGULATION OF NITRIFICATION OF AMMONIUM NITROGEN IN CULTURED BODIES - Google Patents

Description

NH ^ C-NH-CR ³

Il

NH NH Il

in which R ^{3 represents} pyrrolazologe heterocycles and / or their salts in addition to conventional excipients and carriers.

2. Nitrification inhibiting or control agent according to claim 1, characterized in that they can be used together with solid or liquid mineral or organic fertilizers containing urea and / or ammonia and / or ammonium nitrogen.

3. Nitrification inhibiting or controlling agent according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that they can be used in combination with other crop protection and pest control agents and soil conditioners and / or agrochemicals.

4. means for inhibiting or regulating the nitrification according to claim 1 to 3, characterized in that they are shortly before, simultaneously with or shortly after application of the fertilizer at an application rate of 0.1 to 200 kg of active ingredient / ha, preferably 1 to 60kg / ha be applied.

5. Nitrification inhibiting agent according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it can be used together with a solid or liquid fertilizer with 2 to 20% by weight of the fertilizer nitrogen.

Field of application of the invention

The invention relates to the prevention or control of the nitrification of ammonium nitrogen, in particular from mineral and organic fertilizers, in cultivated soils.

Characteristic of the known solutions

Ammonium nitrogen is subject in the soil in a relatively short time of microbial conversion via the intermediate of nitrite nitrogen to nitrate nitrogen.

This nitrification process is significantly influenced by the temperature, the soil moisture, the pH and the biological activity of the soil.

Nitrate nitrogen, in contrast to ammonium nitrogen, is not sorbed by the sorption carriers of the soil, clay and humus.

The consequence of this is that nitrate nitrogen during the winter half-year and in heavy rainfall or intensive irrigation also during the summer half-year, especially on light soils, the leaching is subject. The leaching losses can average up to 20% of the fertilizer nitrogen per year. The leached nitrogen is not only lost for the nutrition of the crops, but it also comes to the enrichment of nitrate nitrogen in the soil water.

In connection with drinking water supply, this can lead to damage to human and animal health.

In addition to the leaching losses occur annually significant gaseous nitrogen losses by denitrification of nitrate nitrogen.

By inhibiting or regulating the nitrification, the utilization of the fertilizer nitrogen can be significantly improved and thus the economic benefits of nitrogen fertilization can be increased.

It is already known that for these purposes u.a. Dichloroalurea (JA 2737/68), 3,5-dimethyltetrahydro-1,3,5-thiadiazine-2-thione (DD 107644), α-chloro-e-trichloromethylpyridine (US 3,424,754), pentachlorophenol (JA 72-33905 ), 2-amino-4-chloro-6-methylpyrimidine (JA21 210/65 and JA 22 204/68) and other compounds can be used. However, these compounds for inhibiting nitrification have disadvantages such. B. too high toxicity, complex manufacturing processes or too high volatility or sometimes too low effectiveness, which preclude an economic application. Too high volatility of the active ingredients restricts the application process very much and allows only introduction into the soil.

Object of the invention

The object of the invention is to provide active substances which bring about the inhibition or regulation of the nitrification of ammonium nitrogen in the soil and do not have the disadvantages of the known substances.

Explanation of the essence of the invention

The object of the invention is to find compounds which have improved toxicity, volatility and application rate over the prior art

 It has been found that biguanides of general formula I

_o - С - ITH - С - ΈΖ о

Ii ц ^ ^r2

ITH UH

and their salts and guanylamidines of the general formula II

NH ₂ -C-NH-CR ³ NH NH

and their salts inhibit the nitrification of ammonium nitrogen in culture media. This is in the general formulas

R ¹ = alkyl, aryl, acyl, arylsulfonyl and

R ² = H or R ¹ optionally the same or different and

R ³ = pyrrolazologe heterocycles.

The compositions according to the invention can be prepared relatively simply by known synthesis processes. The compounds listed in Table 1 were prepared, for example

- Melting reaction of the corresponding alkylamines or arylamines or azolium salts with dicyandiamide

- Reacting substituted cyanamides with guanidine.

The proposed agents may be used in conjunction with solid or liquid mineral or organic fertilizers containing urea and / or ammonium nitrogen. You can also in the form of a solid or liquid concentrate, eg. B. in water, or in admixture with a solid, ground or granulated carrier are used.

The compositions of the invention may also be used in combination with other agrochemicals, e.g. Crop protection and pesticides and soil conditioners, as well as in combination with other agrotechnical measures. The new agents are expediently shortly before, simultaneously with or shortly after application of the fertilizer at an application rate of 0.1 to 200 kg of active ingredient / ha, preferably 1 to 60 kg / ha, applied. When used together with a solid or liquid fertilizer, they can be used with 2 to 20% by weight of the fertilizer nitrogen.

They allow a decisive improvement in the utilization of the fertilizer nitrogen and thus increase the effectiveness of the nitrogen fertilizer. The following compounds were tested and have a positive inhibitory effect:

Table 1

RC-NH-C-NH ₂

Il

NH NH

acid

H ₂ SO ₄ 235-240

2 CH ₃ -NH- HCI 186-199

3 CH ₃ -N-CH ₃ HCI 237-251

4 C ₂ H ₅ NHCI 225-232

C ₂ H ₆ -?

CHO

5 C ₂ H ₆ -NC ₂ H ₅ HCI 198-205

CH ₃

) -JlJl- ^HCI 208-209

/ - с 3

HCI 190-193

^ U HCI 95-100

 JM *

сн ₃

embodiments example 1

The compositions according to the invention were added to a black soil-like sandy loam soil as urea active ingredient mixture and mixed uniformly. The concentration is 16 ppm (based on soil mass) with a nitrogen input of 20mg N / 100g soil. After humidifying the soil to 50% of the maximum water capacity was incubated at 20 ° C for 28 days and then determined nitrate or nitrite nitrogen determined.

As a control, the same urea supply to the ground served as in the test variants.

The percent inhibition was calculated according to:

b

100 =% inhibition

а - с

a = nitrite and nitrate content of the control b = nitrite and nitrate content of the samples with active substance с = nitrite and nitrate content of the soil used The results are shown in Table 2.

Percent inhibition of nitrification after 28 days of incubation

Active ingredient% inhibition

1-Cyclohexylbiguanidine sulfate 85

1-methylbiguanidine hydrochloride 82

3 (5) -Methylpyrazol-1-yl-N-guanylamidine hydrochloride 85

1-ethylbiguanidine hydrochloride 15

1- (p-chlorophenyl) biguanidine hydrochloride 15

Dichloroalurea 31

3,5-dimethyltetrahydro-1,3,5-thiadiazine-2-thione (Dazomet) 18

Example 2

The experimental batch and the evaluation were carried out as described in Example 1, the active ingredient concentrations being 8.16 and 32 ppm.

The samples were taken between 28 and 98 days incubation at 14 days apart.

The results are shown in Table 3.

Percent inhibition of nitrification after different incubation time at 20 ^° C.

active substance drug 28 "A > Inhibition after Tager 70 84 1 98 conc. 65 incubation period 17 17 0 ppm 85 42 56 56 50 26 1-cyclohexylbiguani- 8th 90 61 39 76 70 54 dinsulfat 16 68 85 70 15 15 0 32 82 90 82 50 37 20 1-M ethyl biguanide in δ 89 63 39 70 67 54 hydrochloride 16 37 82 70 15 8th 0 32 61 90 82 39 15 0 cyanoguanidine δ 72 32 28 41 20 0 16 56 44 32 68 64

Claims (2)

1. A means for inhibiting or regulating the nitrification, characterized in that they are substituted as active ingredient biguanides of the general formula I. p -С- ЖН -C-N ' ² I il \ _R 2 in the R ¹ for alkyl, aryl, acyl, arylsulfonyl, R ² for H or R ¹ optionally the same or different, or active compounds of the general formula II