DD217206A1 - MEANS OF INHIBITING NITRIFICATION - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to agents for inhibiting the nitrification of ammonium nitrogen in Kultursoeden. As active substances they contain compounds of the general formula, in which A -C-CH3, -C-C6H5, -C-CCl3, -C-CH2Cl or -S-CCl3 000ORChlor, alkyl (C1 to C2), OCH3 or hydrogen andn1 or 2bedeuten. They may be formulated alone, solid or liquid, or used in admixture with solid and / or liquid mineral or organic fertilizers containing urea and / or ammonia and / or ammonium nitrogen. formula

Description

VEB CHEMICAL COMPANY BITTERfBLD Bitterfeld, 4 ·· 8. 1983

2331

Nitrification Inhibiting Agent Field of the Invention

The invention relates to agents for inhibiting the nitrification of ammonium nitrogen, in particular from mineral and organic fertilizers, in cultivated soils.

Characteristic of the known technical solutions

Ammonium nitrogen is subject in the soil in a relatively short time of microbial conversion via the intermediate nitrite nitrogen to mitrate nitrogen. This nitrification process is significantly influenced by the temperature, the soil moisture, the pH and the biological activity of the soil.

Nitrate nitrogen, in contrast to ammonium nitrogen, is not sorbed by the sorption carriers of the soil (humus, clay). The consequence of this is that nitrate nitrogen is subject to leaching during heavy precipitation or intense irrigation, especially on light soils. The leaching losses can amount to 20% of the fertilizer nitrogen per annum. "This nitrogen is lost to the nutrition of the crops and accumulates in the groundwater. This can lead to health damage in connection with the drinking water supply in humans and animals.

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In addition to the leaching losses, significant gaseous nitrogen losses occur each year due to denitrification of the nitrate nitrogen, "

By inhibiting or regulating the nitrification, as is known, the utilization of the fertilizer nitrogen can be decisively improved and thus the economic benefit of nitrogen fertilization can be increased. .

It is known that for these purposes Dichloralharnstoff, 3,5-dimethyl-tetrahydro-1,3,5-thiadiazine-2-thione (Dazömet), 2-chloro-6-trichloro-methylpyridin, pentachlorophenol, Z- amino ^ chloro-6-methylpyrimidine and other compounds ^I can be used qq (DD-PS 107 664; JiP-ES 2737/68). However, these agents have certain disadvantages such as low efficacy, high toxicity, elaborate production processes and sometimes high volatility, which preclude economic application.

Object of the invention

The aim of the invention is to develop agents for inhibiting or regulating the nitrification of ammonium nitrogen in the soil, which are easy to prepare, have a sufficient residual effect and all application methods, in particular the surface application, allow.

Explanation of the essence of the invention

This object is achieved in that the means for inhibiting the nitrification of ammonium nitrogen in culture soil in addition to conventional EiIfs- and carriers as active compound compounds ier general formula -

AN-OH ₂ - CH ₂ - ON

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in the

A = -C-OH-; -GO ^ H ₁ -, - C-OCl-1 -C-CH ₀ Ol or -S-OOl *

0 0 0 0

R s is chlorine, alkyl (C ₁ to C ₂ ), OCH ₃ or hydrogen and

η = 1 or 2 ".

The preparation of the .beta.-aminopropionitrile derivatives takes place in a known manner by reacting acrylonitrile and an aniline derivative with glacial acetic acid as catalyst. The subsequent acylation with the corresponding acid chlorides is preferably carried out in an aromatic solvent (benzene, toluene, xylene) in the presence of an acid acceptor (pyridine, urethylamine tertiary amines).

The compositions according to the invention can be used in the form of a solid or liquid concentrate, for example in water, or in admixture with a solid, ground or granulated carrier; they may be used in admixture with solid and / or liquid mineral or organic fertilizers containing urea and / or ammonia and / or ammonium nitrogen. The compositions according to the invention are expediently applied shortly before, at the same time or shortly after application of the fertilizers at a rate of from 0.5 to 200 kg of active ingredient per hectare, preferably from 1.0 to 60 kg / ha. If they are used with a solid or liquid Fertilizer, so. ^: d> nnea they are applied with 2 to 40 (iew % of fertilizer stick.

Ausführunssbeispiel

The compositions according to the invention were added as urea / active substance mixture to a black earth-like sandy loam soil and mixed uniformly with it. The concentration was 16 ppm (based on soil mass)

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with a nitrogen dose of 20 mg. "N / 100g soil" After "humidifying the soil to 50% of the maximum water capacity was incubated at 20 ⁰ C for 28 days and then, the formed nitrate or · nitrite nitrogen determined as control served the same urea addition to the ground as in the test variants. ,

The percent inhibition was calculated according to the Pormel

_{χ 100} . j ₀ inhibition,

a "" c

a = nitrite and nitrate content of the control b ss nitrite and nitrate content of the samples with active substance c s nitrite and nitrate content of the soil used

The results are summarized in the table; the individual active substances are characterized by the respective substituents A, R or »the number η of the general formula

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Table I Inhibition of nitrification of AmmoniumstiGkgtoff by the agents of the invention

Active substance substituents

A R

Number D

% Inhibition

1 -G-OH ₂ Eq 4-01 1 11 2 S '4-01 1 13 3 -S-COl ₃ 4-GH ₃ 1 20 4 -C-CH ₀ Cl κ sr 3-01 1 28 It ^ - 0 5 -CO ₆ H- H 1 9     ^ 0 6 -s-ooi .. H 1 33 7 -CO ₆ H ₅ 2-O ₂ H 1 19 S 8th -S-OCl ₃  3-01   1 26 9 -S-CCl ₃ 4-01 1 16 10 -GC ₆ H ₅ 4-OOH ' 1 9 δ 11 -S-CGl ₃ 4-00H ₃ 1 21 12 -G-CH ₀ Gl It C .. 0 4-QOH ₃ 1 10 13 -G-GH ₀ Ol ti <i 0 2,3- (CH ₃ ; * 2 2 8th 14 -g-oh, 0 2,3- (OH ₃ ; I ₂ 2 * 10 15 -0-001-, t » J O H 1 100 16 -G-OCl ,. ff J 2-G ₂ H 1 93 II ^ O

17 -ίΤ ° 6 ^Η 5 3-Cl If ^w ^ r 0 18 -C-GCl ^ ti j 3-Cl »I - ^ 0, 19 "η" * 3 0 4-OC 20 -C-CCl-p. ³ 2,3 dazomet Dichloral urea

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1 88 1 100

1 86> 2 2. 73

18

31

From the table it can be seen that the inhibition of the nitrification of axamonium nitrogen by the agents according to the invention in relation to the comparative products dazomet and dichloro-urea is equally good and in some cases considerably better.

Particular mention should be made of compounds Nos. 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 and 20.

Claims (2)

Claim for information 1. A means for inhibiting the IMitrif ication of ammonium nitrogen in cultivated soils, characterized in that they in addition to conventional auxiliaries and carriers as the active ingredient, compounds of the general formula A - N - CH ₂ . - CH ₂ - CN in the , Ais-o-OH, -o-o, -η -, - -S-CCi ,, -c-cci ,, -c-ca ^ -ci ^v - ti 3 it ο £> * y tt y ti c 0 0. 0 0 R = chlorine, alkyl (C ^ to C ₂ ), OCH ^ or hydrogen '''' ^: '', and '.' ^: - ώ = 1 or 2
mean, included. ! The use of the agents according to item 1, characterized in that they contain in the form of a solid or liquid concentrate alone or in admixture with solid and / or liquid mineral or organic fertilizers containing urea and / or ammonia and / or ammonium nitrogen come into use.