DD230863A1 - MEANS FOR INHIBITION BZW. REGULATION OF NITRIFICATION OF AMMONIUM NITROGEN IN CULTURED BODIES - Google Patents

Abstract

The aim and object of the invention is to find compounds which have improved properties in terms of toxicity, volatility and application rate compared to the prior art. It has been found that biguanides of the general formula I NH2-C-NH-CN R1 NH2-C-NH-C-NH-CN R2NHNH and their salts and guanylamidines of the general formula II NH2-C-NH-C-R3 NHNH and their salts inhibit the nitrification of ammonium nitrogen in culture media. Here, in the general formulas for R 1 alkyl, aryl, acyl, arylsulfonyl and R 2 H or R 1, where appropriate, the same or different and R 3pyrrolazologe heterocycles.

Description

Agent for inhibiting or regulating the nitrification of ammonium nitrogen in cultivated soils

Field of application of the invention

The invention relates to the prevention or control of the nitrification of ammonium nitrogen, in particular from mineral and organic fertilizers, in cultivated soils.

Characteristic of the known solutions

Ammonium nitrogen is subject in the soil in a relatively short time of microbial conversion via the intermediate of ITitrit nitrogen to ITitratstickstoff.

This nitrification process is significantly influenced by the temperature, the soil moisture, the pH and the biological activity of the soil.

Nitrate nitrogen, in contrast to ammonium nitrogen, is not sorbed by the sorption carriers of the soil, clay and humus.

The consequence of this is that during the winter half-year and during heavy winter precipitations or intensive irrigation, during the summer half-year, especially on light soils, leaching is subject to leaching. The leaching losses can average up to 20 % of the fertilizer nitrogen _;

- & SE11982 * 033185

be. The washed out nitrogen is not only lost for the nutrition of the crop plants, but it can also be used for the enrichment of nitric acid in soil water.

In connection with drinking water supply, this can lead to damage to human and animal health.

Raise the .Wash loss occur annually significant gaseous nitrogen losses by denitrification of Uitratstickstoffes on.

By inhibiting or regulating the Uitrifikation the utilization of the fertilizer nitrogen can be significantly improved and thus the economic benefits of nitrogen fertilization can be increased. It is already known, that for these purposes u.a. Dichloroalurea (JA 2737/68), 3,5-dimethyltetrahydro-1,3,5-thiadiazine-2-thione (DD 107,644), 2-chloro-6-trichloromethylpyridine (US 3,424,754), pentachlorophenol (JA 72-33905 ), 2-amino-4-chloro-6-methylpyrimidine (JA 21.210 / 65 and JA 22.204 / 68) and other compounds can be used. However, these compounds for inhibiting the hitrification have disadvantages such as e.g. 'To, high toxicity, elaborate manufacturing processes or too high volatility or sometimes too low efficacy, which preclude an economic application. Too high volatility of the active ingredients restricts the application process very much and allows only introduction into the soil.

Object of the invention

The object of the invention is to provide active substances which bring about the inhibition or regulation of the nitrification of ammonium nitrogen in the soil and which do not have the disadvantages of the known substances.

Explanation of the essence of the invention

The object of the invention is to find compounds which have improved toxicity, volatility and application rate over the prior art.

It has been found that biguanides of general formula I

HH ₂ -C-NH-C-

KH UH

and their salts and guanylamines of general formula II

- C - NH - C - R ³

HH HH

and their salts inhibit the nitrification of ammonium nitrogen in culture media. Here, in the general formulas for

R = alkyl, aryl, acyl, arylsulfonyl and

2 1

R = H or R .ggf. same or different and

R = pyrrolazologe heterocycles

The compositions according to the invention can be prepared relatively simply by known synthesis processes. The compounds listed in Table 1 were

produced by

- Melting reaction of the corresponding alkylamines or arylamines or azolium salts with dicyandiamide

- Reacting substituted cyanamides with guanidine.

The proposed agents may be used in conjunction with solid or liquid mineral or organic fertilizers containing urea and / or ammonium nitrogen. They may also be in the form of a solid or liquid concentrate, e.g. in water, or in admixture with a solid, milled or granulated carrier. The compositions of the invention may also be used in combination with other agrochemicals, e.g. Crop protection and pest control agents and soil conditioners, as well as in combination with other agrotechnical measures. The new agents are expediently applied shortly before, simultaneously with or shortly after application of the fertilizer at a rate of from 0.1 to 200 kg of active ingredient / ha, preferably from 1 to 60 kg / ha. If used together with a solid or liquid fertilizer, .., s.o. with 2 to 20% by weight of the fertilizer nitrogen * They allow a significant improvement in the utilization of the fertilizer nitrogen and thus increase the effectiveness of nitrogen fertilization. The following compounds were tested and have a positive inhibitory effect:

Table 1

R-C-NH-C-HH,

R acid ^Ρ Ρ 1 <T> - _H H- H ₂ SO ₄ 235-240 2 CH ₃ -NH- HCl 186-199 3 CH 1 -N-CH-, 3 ι 3 HCl 237 - 251 4 , C ₂ H ₅ -NH- HCl 225-232 VJL C ₂ H ₅ -NC ₂ H ₅ HCl 198 - 205 6 , CH ₃ ^Ν CH- (CHp) ₃ -NH- HCl 208 - 209 CH ₃ 7 HCl 190-193 8th HCl 95 - 100

CH,

- 6 -

embodiments

example 1

The compositions according to the invention were added as urea-active substance mixture to a black earth-like sandy loam soil and mixed uniformly. The concentration is 16 ppm (based on soil mass) at a nitrogen yield of 20 mg N / 100 g soil

After moistening the soil to 50 % of the maximum water capacity was incubated at 20 ⁰ C for 28 days and then determined nitrate or nitrite nitrogen determined.

As a control, the same urea supply to the ground served as in the test variants.

The calculation of the inhibitory effect in percent took place

a - b

-. 100 = % inhibition

a - c

a = nitrite and nitrate content of the control

b = nitrite and nitrate content of the samples with active substance

c = nitrite and nitrate content of the soil used

The results are shown in Table 2.

Table 2 . ,

 Percent inhibition of nitrification after 28 days of incubation

Active ingredient % inhibition

1-Cyclohexylbiguanidine sulfate 85

1-methylbiguanidine hydrochloride. 82

3 (5) Methylpyrazol-1-yl-N-guanylamidine hydrochloride 85

1-stybiguanidine hydrochloride 15

1- (p-chlorophenyl) biguanidine hydrochloride 15

Dichloralurea 31

_3S 5-Dimethyltetrahydro-1,3,5-thiadiazine-2-thione 18 (Dazomet)

Example 2

The experimental batch and the evaluation were carried out as described in Example 1, the active ingredient concentrations being 8, 16 and 32 ppm.

The samples were taken between 28 and 98 days incubation at 14 days apart.

The results are shown in Table 3.

Table 3

Inhibition of Hitrifikation in percent after various incubation at 20 ⁰ C

active substance Active substance con ζ. ppm % Inhibition after days of incubation 28 42 56 70 84 61 85 39 70 17 56 17 50 In 98 1-cyclohexylbiguanidine sulfate 8 16 65 85 90 82 76 70 0 26 32 90 63 82 39 70 15 50 15 37 54 1-methylbiguanidine hydrochloride 8 16 68 82 90 82 70 67 0 20 32 89 32 28 15 8th 54 cyanoguanidine 8th 37 56 44 39 15 0 ' 16 61 68 64 41 20 0 32 72 0

Claims (5)

invention claim 1. A means for inhibiting or regulating the nitrification, characterized in that they are substituted as active ingredient biguanides of the general formula I. T? ¹ NH ₀ -C-NH-Cl I ² 1 Il \ _R 2 NH ΪΤΗ in the R for alkyl, aryl, acyl, arylsulfonyl, 2 1 R for H or R may be the same or different, or active compounds of the general formula II HH ₀ -C -HH-CR ³ II ² Il H NH NH in which R stands for pyrrolazologe heterocycles and / or their salts in addition to conventional excipients and carriers. 2. Inhibiting or regulating the nitrification according to item 1, characterized in that they can be used together with f-th or liquid mineral or organic fertilizers containing urea and / or ammonia and / or ammonium nitrogen. 3. means for inhibiting or regulating the Hitrifikation according to item 1 and 2, characterized in that they can be used in combination with other crop protection and pesticides and soil conditioners and / or Agrochemiekalien. 4. means for inhibiting or regulating the nitrification according to item 1 to 3 characterized in that they are shortly before, simultaneously with or shortly after application of the fertilizer at an application rate of
0.1 to 200 kg of active ingredient / ha, preferably 1 to 60 kg / ha are applied. 5. means for inhibiting or regulating the Hitrifikation according to item 1 to 4, characterized in that they can be used together with a solid or liquid fertilizer with 2 to 20 wt.% Of the fertilizer nitrogen.