DD212763A5 - METHOD FOR FASTENING AND WATER TREATMENT OF CONSTRUCTION WORKS - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an improved method of solidification and waterproofing using water glass and hydrobromic acid. According to the invention, the water glass solution in the presence of 0.01-1 part by weight, preferably 0.5-0.2 part by weight, in or on the object to be treated or in its surroundings is added in the presence of 1 part by weight of solid. a hydrogel-forming, water-soluble organic polymers and in the presence of a room-crosslinking of the polymer-promoting substance with the hydrofluoric acid in contact. The resulting gel is stronger than pure polymer gel and therefore more durable. Due to the content of polymer, the gel is also more elastic than pure silicate gel and therefore is better able to follow movements of the soil or displacements. As yellow-forming, water-soluble organic polymer are preferably carboxymethylcellulose, acrylic or methacrylic acid polymers or copolymers, pa tially hydrolyzed polyacrylic acid esters, their alkali metal or ammonium salts or mixtures of the listed polymers or polyacrylamide and / or polyvinyl alcohol used. The gel can be modified by simultaneous use of rubber latex.

Description

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Process for solidifying and waterproofing building constructions, building objects, building elements, rocks and soil

Field of application of the invention;

The invention relates to an improved method for strengthening and waterproofing civil engineering and building structures, building objects, in particular canals and pipelines, building elements, rocks and soil using water glass.

Characteristic of the known technical solutions:

/ ~>. In the present invention, the terms "construction", "building object", "structural element", "rock" and "soil" are interpreted in the broadest sense of the word. The terms also include different reservoirs, tunnels, natural or man-made cavities, soil and rock columns, etc.

It is known that the watertightness of most civil engineering and building structures, especially the channels, pipes and basins is not sufficient. The

Deficiencies are largely due to manufacturing and assembly errors, as well as the formation of cracks and other deterioration during use of the construction. It is also known that the repair of civil engineering and construction objects (especially the repair of the underground sewer and pipe networks) is extremely time consuming, labor and material consuming and in many cases can not even be done with the desired result.

From the HU patent no. 153 975 a simple and fast process for solidification and waterproofing of civil engineering and construction objects, building elements, rocks and soil is already known. According to this solution, water glass or a glass-containing medium is placed in or on the object to be treated or in its environment, and then subjected to the action of hydrogen fluoride, silicon tetrafluoride and / or hydrofluoric acid (HpSi F, -). Oas waterglass gels within a short time by the action of gaseous fluoride and completely clogs the hollow spots, crevices and cracks. If this method is used to increase the watertightness of structures or objects located in the ground (for example channels or pools), there is another advantage in that the water glass seeped through the gaps into the surrounding soil becomes solid and in this way the embedding the construction or the object improves and solidifies the surrounding soil. The use of fluoride gases also has the great advantage of increasing the corrosion resistance of the concrete and reinforced concrete.

However, despite its numerous advantages, the method has not been successful in practice. Namely, the fact that the hydrogen fluoride and the silicon tetrafluoride are extremely gifitig of the treatment gases, a widespread use of the method has not allowed for environmental reasons. It is also disadvantageous that the resulting silica gel is not elastic and can not follow the movements of the treated article or the floor layer. The silica gel does not swell sufficiently due to the action of water, and is therefore unable to adequately seal the new cracks due to bodily movements or displacements in addition to the gelatinous cracks.

According to the HU patent application MA-2924 are used as gel-forming substance instead of water glass, different organic polymers, primarily acrylic acid and acrylamide polymers; optionally together with an inert, granular, solid filler. The resulting gels are sufficiently elastic and well swell due to the action of water. However, they have the disadvantage that they are relatively soft ^. ~ _N and therefore can not withstand a heavier load,

It is also disadvantageous that the proposed polymers are for the most part expensive, hard-to-obtain substances and that in some cases the technology requires special devices and specialized knowledge.

Aim of the invention;

The invention proposes a solution which combines the advantages of the two methods described, but does not have the disadvantages thereof.

Explanation of the essence of the invention:

The invention is based on the object, using specific additional components to develop an improved method, with the solid, but not sufficiently elastic gels can be obtained that permanently solidify the objects to be treated of the 'type mentioned and waterproof

According to the invention, the object is achieved by adding, in or on the object to be treated or in its surroundings, the waterglass solution in the presence of 0.01-1 part by weight, based on 1 part by weight of solid.

Preferably 0.05-0.2 parts by weight, a hydrogel-forming, water-soluble organic polymer and in the presence of a space-crosslinking of the polymer-promoting substance with hydrofluoric acid in contact brings.

In the description and in the claims, the term "water glass" is understood to mean the akalisilicates and the ammonium silicate. Most suitably used as the water glass aqueous sodium silicate, the solids content is about 35 % . ⁴

By the term "gel-forming, water-soluble organic polymer" is meant here with water indefinitely miscible, liquid hydrogel-forming organic polymers. One group of this polymer are the polyelectrolytes, of which the carboxylate type (containing a group -COOX, where X is monovalent cation) are most preferred. As examples of this are the carboxymethylcellulose ,. the acrylic acid and methacrylic acid polymers and the highly hydrated

lysed Pllyacrylsäureester, also mentions their alkali metal and ammonium salts. A second group of organic polymers is formed by the hydrogel-forming nonionic polymers; their most important representatives are the polyacrylamides and the polyvinyl alcohol.

The substances which promote the spatial crosslinking of the polymers are substances which are well known in plastics chemistry, and so will not be discussed here. Merely as much as it mentions that for room crosslinking dec polyelectrolytes most conveniently polyvalent metal ion-containing compounds (for example, calcium, magnesium, iron, copper and chromium salts), for crosslinking the nonionic polymers most conveniently polyhydric aldehydes (for example, glyoxal or glutaraldehyde) be used. The substance that promotes the spatial crosslinking may optionally be present in the room to be treated from the outset. A typical case for this is the treatment of a groundwater or soaked in groundwater object with a polyelectrolyte-containing gel-forming system, because in the groundwater are always polyvalent metal compounds present that ensure a long-term sufficient space networking. OiS mentioned crosslinking agents promote the gelling of the water glass to a certain extent or with a certain speed. As a result, one gel matrix is incorporated into the other, chemical bonds are formed between the two.

The hydrofluoric acid (HpSiFg) used for gel formation may contain as impurity various fluorides such as hydrogen fluoride or silicon tetrafluoride. For gelation can be very beneficial in

the production of phosphate art fertilizer as a waste resulting, contaminated aqueous hydrofluoric acid solution can be used. The hydrofluoric acid can also be used in gaseous form, but it is more advantageous to use it in the form of an aqueous solution. ·

The individual components of the gel-forming system can be supplied individually to the site of their action, but it is more advantageous if the gel is formed by the action of two streams of material on each other. One stream of material is the aqueous solution of the water glass, the other material flow is the hydrofluoric acid or its aqueous solution. The water-soluble, gel-forming organic polymer is added, taking into account the compatibility conditions, to one or the other or also to all two streams of material. The polymers of the polyelectrolyte type are not soluble in aqueous hydrofluoric acid, they must therefore be added to the water glass solution. The non-ionic polymers are conveniently added to the acid solution, polyacrylamide and slightly hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (up to 15 %) may be added to both the acid solution and the water glass solution, if the substance promoting the room crosslinking of the polymer is not at the site of treatment from the outset (For example, when polyelectrolytes are used to treat objects not in contact with the groundwater, or when using nonionic polymers), the crosslinker is added to the aqueous acid In aqueous hydrofluoric acid, the nonionic polymers also gel in The presence of crosslinking agents (aldehyde) is not, so there is no need to fear any disruption of the technology.

It should be noted that in the production of Phosphatkunstdünger incurred as waste material aqueous solutions of hydrofluoric acid mostly polyvalent metal compounds in sufficient amount. For better reproducibility and controllability of the gelation process, it is advisable to always observe a certain metal ion concentration.

The discharge of the material streams can be made in any order. For example, the waterglass solution (which optionally also contains the gel-forming, water-soluble organic polymer) may first be applied to or in the object to be treated or its surroundings, and in the following step the acid solution is applied, optionally containing the other required components (nonionic polymer and nonionic polymer) / or crosslinker) contains. If, apart from the hydrofluoric acid, all the other components are present in the water glass solution or at the treatment site from the outset (for example, if the treatment takes place in a groundwater exposed location and the water glass solution contains polyelectrolyte), the acid can also be used as gas with the other components of the gel-forming Systems are contacted. Of course, one can first bring the acid material stream and then the water glass stream to the treatment site, but this treatment is less advantageous. If necessary, the treatment can be repeated once or several times. , :

The hydrofluoric acid is conveniently used in excess compared to the amount required to gel the waterglass. If it should be necessary for environmental reasons, the upper part of the

Acid can be easily neutralized at the treatment site by supplying an alkaline substance. As the alkaline substance, for example, water glass solution (optionally containing gel-forming, water-soluble organic polymer), milk of lime, dilute soda solution, etc. may be used. This aftertreatment is expediently associated with testing the treated article for water resistance.

In the method according to the invention, the solutions described in the cited patents are combined with each other in an advantageous manner. According to a particularly preferred embodiment, a silica gel is first formed at the site of treatment in the manner described in Hungarian Patent Specification No. 153 975 from waterglass solution and hydrobromic acid, and the method according to the invention is carried out in the second step.

If columns or cavities of large volumes are to be completely filled, it is possible in advance to fill in the gaps and cavities a granular solid substance which does not hinder gelation, for example perlite, quartz sand, ash). The solid substance can also be mixed into one of the aqueous material streams.

To make the resulting gel more elastic and deformable, the gel-forming system can be combined with rubber latex. In this case, natural or synthetic latex is first applied to or in the article to be treated or in its environment. The latex is allowed to spontaneously coagulate or coagulate with acid. Öaran then take the described treatment with water glass and silica gel.

hydrofluoric acid. It is also possible to proceed by adding to the waterglass solution to a solids content of 1 part by weight of natural or synthetic latex in an amount which is 0.005-1 part by weight, preferably 0.05-0.2 parts by weight, by dry weight equivalent. This mixture is then contacted with the hydrofluoric acid in the presence of a water-soluble organic polymer.

In the course of the process according to the invention, a homogeneous gel structure which likewise contains organic and inorganic components is formed from the waterglass, the optionally present latex and the gel-forming, water-soluble organic polymer. This gel structure retains the original strength of the inorganic silicate component, but remains elastic in characteristic of the organic component, i. water-terminating and strengthening effects are equally perfect. This result could not be predicted by the prior art, because the optimum gelling conditions and the gelling rate of the organic gelling agents are very different from those of the inorganic gelling agents. One would rather have been able to expect that at the place of treatment, two different gel structures are created, which worsen each other's properties.

Embodiment:

The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to examples. However, this is not limited to these examples.

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example 1

A glass tube with a diameter of 4 cm, closed at its lower end with a rubber stopper, is filled with sand up to a height of 20 cm and sand with a maximum particle size of 2 mm. The rubber stopper has a ¹ hole, which is closed with gauze, 90 ml of concentrated (35%) water glass are poured on the sand column, the solution completely saturates the sand, the upper shot begins to drip out at the bottom of the column The remainder of the water glass is insured in the sand, pour into the column the mixture of 40 ml of concentrated aqueous solution of hydrofluoric acid, 40 ml of 5% aqueous polyacrylamide solution and 10 ml of concentrated aqueous solution of glyoxal The aqueous solution gradually oozes into the waterglass soaked acid After the start of gelation, the excess of the acidic solution can not further seep into the sand and the ungelled waterglass can not drip out at the bottom The top of the acidic solutions is poured off Then the rubber stopper is removed Pillar under the faucet with a sharp water The gelled part resists the action of the jet of water while the water-soaked but ungelled sand is washed away.

After the trial, 30-90 % of the 20 cm long sand column remains as a compact, solid and completely waterproof filling; under a pressure of '1.5 m water column', the lowering of the water level within one hour is no more than 5 mm.

The same experiment is repeated except that only the concentrated aqueous hydrofluoric acid in an amount of 90 ml is applied to the water column impregnated with water glass, the other components are omitted, only 3-5 cm of the column are gelled, and also the water resistance of the gelled * Part is unsatisfactory: At a water pressure of 0.1 m water column, the level drops by 50 mm in 30 minutes.

The same experiment is repeated, but will be on

( ) applied the water column saturated with sand glass column with water in the ratio 1: 1 dilute hydrofluoric acid (also a total of 90 ml). The gelled part is 5-10 vm long. The waterproofness is bad; At a water pressure of 0.1 water column, the lowering of the water level in 10 minutes is 70 mm.

Example 2

The experiment described in Example 1 is repeated in another form: first, the sand column is impregnated with the mixture of 80 ml of concentrated aqueous sodium hydroxide solution and 10 ml of 10 wt .-% sodium polyacrylate solution. Then, the column is filled with the mixture of 40 ml of concentrated aqueous hydrofluoric acid, 40 ml of water and 10 ml of 10% iron (III) chloride solution. The filling obtained is compact, tough, particularly pressure and impact resistant and extremely waterproof. At 1.5 m water column, the lowering of the water level is negligible.

Example 3

It works in the manner described in Example 1, but fills 90 ml of an aqueous solution containing 5 wt .-% hydroiodic acid, 5 wt .-% polyvinyl alcohol and 1 wt .-% boric acid on the impregnated with water glass sand column. The filling is identical in properties to that according to Example 1.

Example 4

It works in the manner described in Example 1, but initially filled on the sand column, the mixture of 60 ml of waterglass solution and 30 ml of 6% aqueous solution of a partially (10 %) hydrolyzed polyacrylamides. After the column is saturated with it, 90 ml of an aqueous solution containing 5 wt .-% hydroiodic acid and 2.5 wt .-% Chromalaun contains. This gives a gelled filling, with excellent mechanical properties. The water resistance is the same as that of the product according to Example 2.

Example 5

It works in the manner described in Example 1, but filled on the sand column first the mixture of 67.5 ml of concentrated waterglass solution and 22.5 ml of 10% aqueous sodium polyacrylate and then filled on the impregnated column 90 ml of an aqueous solution, the 10th containing 1 wt .-% polyacrylamide and glyoxal% - wt .-% fluosilicic acid, 5 wt.. The filling obtained has the same parameters as the example according to Example The strength of the filling increases with time when stored in groundwater because of the

Effect of the polyvalent metal ions contained in the groundwater, the crosslinking of the sodium polyacrylate proceeds.

Example 6

In the manner shown in Fig. 1, a between two shafts 2 and 3 lying channel section of the treatment according to the invention is subjected. The gerei- previously nigte duct section is comparable with pipe caps 1, closed and then from the vessel 4 through the duct

, λ 2 filled with water glass solution of 35.7-38.0 B6 density. In order to ensure the pressure necessary for penetration of the solution into the leaks, gaps, holes, passages, pores and cracks, the solution in the manholes is filled up to the pressure level "m". This height can be 1-2 meters, depending on the repair task; if necessary, it will be refilled. If the level of the waterglass solution no longer or only slightly decreases (depending on the extent of the damage, this is generally after 20-60 minutes of the F _a ll). the water glass solution in the channel section is fed through the shaft 2 into the container 4 as quickly as possible (approximately '5-10 minutes).

ί) pumped back.

Then acid solution is introduced into the channel section through the shaft 2 from the container 6 in the manner shown in FIG. This solution is prepared by mixing concentrated (about 20 wt .-%) technical grade hydrofluoric acid solution in a ratio of 1: 1 with 5 wt .-% aqueous polyacrylamide solution (degree of hydrolysis of the polyacrylamide: 10 %) and the resulting mixture to 1 Parts by weight. added 0.01 parts by weight of Chromalaun zusetzt. The acid solution

is pumped as fast as possible (within 5-10 minutes) into the channel, allowing the flow back into the columns and. Cavities depressed water glass is prevented in the channel. The back height "m" of the acid solution in the shafts is suitably 1.5-1.0 m higher than the pressure level of the water glass solution. If necessary, it will be refilled.

When the level of the solution in the well not further decreases (that is generally complete after 20-60 _minutes; FgIl) »the solution is zuröckgepumpt through the duct 2 into the container. 6 This completes the repair of the channel section. If the acid solution does not sink in the manhole or sinks only to an extent permitted by the water resistance regulations, the result of the repair is satisfactory. Simultaneously with the repair, the watertightness of the repaired section is checked, and It is not necessary to check for tightness (usually with air or water) which is usually necessary after such repairs have been carried out.

The material that has penetrated into the cracks, crevices, cavities and seepage points during the repair gels and solidifies to form a watertight layer 5. This not only seals the damaged areas of the canal, but also solidifies the surrounding soil. This makes the embedding of the pipeline better; the embedding of a pipeline is of crucial importance for its stability and service life.

For transporting the waterglass solution as well as for pumping it into the channel and pumping it back into the container, drainage vehicles suitably equipped with a pump and a container, such as those used in municipal refuse collection, are used (volume: about 3.5-10 m).

To transport the acidic solution. , their filling in the channel and pumping back into the container corrosion-resistant equipment (plastic containers, corrosion-resistant pumps, etc.) are used.

The commencement of sewer rehabilitation, namely the filling of the tube-sealed portion with water glass, at the same time replaces the current standard pressure test sample used to diagnose the defects with water, which is a great advantage. Namely, in the pressure test, a considerable amount of water passes undesirably through the damaged areas of the channel into the surrounding soil, which can lead to further washouts, underwashing and a sinking of the channel in the ground. In contrast, the water glass solution pressed into the soil through the damaged areas causes no washout (because of its viscosity, which is substantially greater than that of water, and its other nature). ,

The measured after filling the channel section with water glass extra filtration must be converted. According to the calculations not further explained here would in the conventional pressure test with water, depending on the temperature, the viscosity of the glass used, etc. at the same pressure level "m" (taking into account the larger specific gravity

of waterglass solution) 10-16 times as much water as water glass gets into the soil.

   - ^

An advantage of the method is that you can handle at once even a lying between three or more shafts line piece, together with the Einbindeleitungen the houses, the water drainage shafts and other connected lines. When carrying out the method according to the invention, these parts of the network can also be repaired together with the channel. Depending on the available equipment and the internal dimensions of the canal to be rehabilitated, sections of 30-100 m in length can be treated at once. An appropriately organized and trained crew can repair 2-3 sections in an 8-hour shift if, for example, the solution aspirated from section 1 is not pumped back into the tank, but is pumped straight into the section 2 to be repaired, and from there into ' the section 3 arrives.

When using the method according to the invention for channel repair, there are the further advantages:

The entire technological process of repair can be mechanized at relatively low cost and with little equipment. The amount of live work is extremely low, but the speed of the repair is great. The traffic is hardly obstructed. It is not necessary to rip open the road surface. The process is neither flammable nor explosive., The repair does not worsen the hydraulic properties of the canal. The repaired channel does not cause any special maintenance

costs. The method is also used to geeinget Repar _a structure of in-ground water channels. In these cases, the pressure level "m" from the groundwater level is calculated upward.

The solutions pumped back after the repair (water glass and acid solution) can be used indefinitely, indefinitely.

Since the method according to the invention works with solutions, it is not necessary to search for the defects beforehand to S ' ^y ) , which is a very cumbersome, time-consuming and labor-intensive method. The solutions find their way into the flaws on their own, and the leaks are eliminated.

The method according to the invention can also be used to repair individual faults on a channel (for example, some defective pipe joints). In this case, not all the channel section to be repaired is filled with solution, but by employing a device known per se, the solution is directed only to the desired location. In such repairs, the channel must not be put out of action in most cases, because K_J the device used has a flow through which the wastewater can continue to flow.

Even if the whole channel is filled, there is the possibility not to interrupt the operation. For example, you can lift the incoming sewage from the last manhole in front of the filled section. It is also possible in the filled channel section between the pipe closures attach an elastic pipe whose cross section corresponds to about half of the clear cross section of the channel and the passage of the

Waste water is used, in most cases where channel sections are filled, but neither the lifting of the water still laying an inner line is required because the repair takes only a short time and the backlog caused by the closure of the channel section presents no problems.

If a section is covered in which three or more shafts fall and, in order to keep the volume of solution low, not every shaft should be filled up, the intervening shafts on the inflow and outflow sides can be closed with pipe closures, between which one Connection line is located.

The two-liquid process also has the advantage that any gas which is not taken into account can not allow gas to escape into the environment.

Example 7

If special emphasis is placed on minimizing the time between pumping back the water gas solution and acid solution filling so that as little solution as possible flows back into the channel from the crevices and cracks, one works on the in Fig. 3 shown manner.

Prior to the start of the process, after the pipe closures have been fitted, the shafts are closed by cover plates 7 and 8 having corresponding openings and equipment, which are weighted with appropriate weights so that they are not lifted by the action of the escaping air. Than it will be

the channel section filled in the manner described in Example 6 from the container 4 with water glass, the valves 11 and 12 are opened. When the pumping back of the solution in the container 4 is started, the valves 11 and 12 are closed, and passed by means of the compressor 13 via the line 14 compressed air into the channel section, to a top pressure of 0.2 atm Manometer 9 can be controlled. In this phase, the valve 15 is opened, and the valve 16 is closed. When the water glass has been pumped back, the valve 15 is closed, the f j) valves 11, 12 and 16 are opened, and the channel portion is filled from the container 17 through the line with acid solution. Furthermore, the repair proceeds as described in connection with FIG. 2.

Example 8

In Fig. 4, a solution is shown which is suitable for the repair of channels with a larger cross-section. For larger cross-sections it is not economical to fill the whole channel with solution. The section is completed with the tube closures 18 and 19 and then placed on the line 20 of the spacer 21 ver ^v 'inflatable plastic tube 22 in the channel. Solutions and transition of _Re are paratur hereinafter the same as in Example 6 *

Example 9

The method according to the invention is excellently suitable for repairing brick-built channels. Particularly good results are in the repair of older, built from .mit Kalkmörtel bricks built

.- 20 -

Achieved channels. In these channels, the lime mortar is due to the unfavorable conditions relatively quickly to bottom, through the Ex- or infiltration form behind the wall cavities, the channel sinks or breaks. This can even lead to a collapse of the road surface.

The repair is carried out according to example 6 or 8. The repaired channel is illustrated in cross-section through FIG. The solution filled during the repair, the cavities 5 behind the channel wall, has penetrated into all the figures, cracks and columns and sticks after gelling brick and masonry, so to speak together. After treatment, the canal is completely waterproof

Example 10

FIG. 6 shows the repair of a defective, non-watertight basin standing in the groundwater *

The basin is filled after a corresponding cleaning through the manhole with water glass solution according to 'Example 6. If it should come to a drop in the liquid level in the container by exfiltration, solution is replenished. If the exfiltration has stopped or has become very low (this occurs depending on the extent of the defect in about 30-120 minutes), the solution is removed in the manner described in Example 6 and the basin is then filled with acid solution according to Example 6. When the exfiltration has stopped, i. the solution level no longer decreases or the decrease is only insignificant (generally after 20-120 minutes), the acid solution is removed in the manner described in Example 6.

The solution which has penetrated through the cracks and crevices of the basin into the surrounding soil gels there, and the resulting gel drops 23 and gel-containing soil layers ensure the complete watertightness of the basin. If desired, 8 room-filling elements can be installed in the basin in the sense of-Example.

Example 11 .

The inventive method is also suitable for stabilizing sunken, cracked objects and buildings. ,

FIG. 7 shows the stabilization of an obliquely sunken reinforced concrete water tower. In the vicinity of the foundation body 24 are several (for example, next to each foundation body 4) of the usual for soil consolidation, known perforated injection tubes 25 taken to the desired depth in the ground. Subsequently, 80 liters of water glass solution are pressed into the soil from the tank 26 by means of a pump, taking into account the regulations concerning soil compaction and the conditions of the soil per pipe. The valves 28 and 29 are closed, the valve 32 is open. Now, the valve 32 is closed, and the still located in the injection tubes water glass with the aid of the pumped water from the container 27 into the ground. Then, the valve 29 is closed, the valve 30 is opened and pressed from the container 31 through the line 30 acid solution through the injection pipes 25 in the ground. The same acid solution is used as in Example 6.

Depending on the quantity injected, a solidified ground rim of 30-50 cm in diameter is formed around each tube, giving the water tower a solid foundation.

Claims (11)

claim 1. A method for solidifying and waterproofing of civil engineering and building structures, building objects, in particular channels and pipelines, structural elements, rocks and soil using water glass and hydrofluoric acid, characterized in that in or a.uf the object to be treated or in its environment the water glass solution in the presence of based on 1 part by weight of solids 0.01-1 parts by weight, preferably 0.5-0.2 parts by weight, of a hydrogel-forming, water-soluble organic polymer and in the presence of a space crosslinking of Polymer-promoting substance with the hydrofluoric acid brings into contact. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the hydrofluoric acid in the form of aqueous. Solution used. 3 · Process according to Claim 1, characterized in that the hydrogel-forming, water-soluble organic polymer is polyelectrolyte, preferably carboxymethylcellulose. Acrylic acid or methacrylic acid polymers or copolymers, partially hydrolyzed polyacrylic acid esters, their alkali metal or ammonium salts or mixtures of the enumerated polymers used. 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the hydrogel-forming, water-soluble organic polymer nonionic Polynfere, suitably polyacrylamide and / or polyvinyl alcohol used. 5. The method according to claim, characterized in that dissolving the gel-forming, water-soluble organic polymer in the aqueous solution of the waterglass. 6. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that dissolving the gel-forming, water-soluble organic polymer in the aqueous solution of .Kieselfluorwasserstoffsäure. 7. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that the gel-forming, water-soluble organic poly- ''} used polyacrylamide dissolved in the aqueous solution of the waterglass and / or in the aqueous solution of hydrofluoric acid. 8. The method according to any one of claims 3 or 5, characterized in that as the space networking of Polymer-promoting substance that uses in the groundwater and / or as an impurity in the aqueous solutions from the outset existing polyvalent metal ions. 9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that previously at the site to be treated, the reaction non-inhibiting, granular solid j attach substances or non-inhibiting, granular solid substances to one of the treatment solutions. , 10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that applying to the site of treatment previously natural or synthetic rubber latex, there can spontaneously coagulate or coagulated with acid or based on the Wassergislösung to a part by weight of solids 0.005 1 part by weight, suitably 0.05-0.2 parts by weight of solid corresponding Amount of natural or artificial rubber latex dissolves. 11. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the treatment is repeated in any frequency and order. - For this 3 sheets drawings - "