SE448736B - SETTING TO STABILIZE AND MADE GROUND BUILDING AND BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS, BUILDINGS, BUILDING ELEMENTS, MOUNTAINS AND MARKET WATER-FAST - Google Patents

Description

20- 25 30 35 448 736 silicon tetrafluoride and / or silicon fluorofluoric acid (H2SiF6).

The water glass gels by the action of the gaseous fluoride in a short time and completely closes the hollow places, cracks and fissures. If the method is used to increase the watertightness of structures or objects or objects present in the ground (eg canals or basins), it is an additional advantage that the water glass seeped through the gaps in the surrounding ground also becomes fixed and in this way improves the embedding of the structure and the object, respectively, and also stabilizes the surrounding ground. The use of fluoride gas also has the great advantage that it increases the corrosion resistance of concrete and reinforced concrete.

However, despite its numerous advantages, the procedure has not been able to penetrate in practice. The fact that of the treatment gases the hydrogen fluoride and the silicon tetrafluoride are extremely toxic has not allowed any extended use of the process and this for purely environmental reasons. It is also a disadvantage that the silica gel formed is not elastic and is not able to follow the movements of the treated object or the soil layer.

The silica gel does not swell sufficiently by the action of water and is therefore not able to suitably seal the new cracks, which are formed next to the gel plug by ground movements or displacements.

According to a separate previous application, various organic polymers were used as gel-forming substance instead of water glass, primarily acrylic acid and acrylamide polymers, possibly together with an inert, granular, solid filling material. The resulting gels are sufficiently elastic and swell well by the action of water, but have the disadvantage that they are relatively soft and therefore cannot withstand any stronger load. It is furthermore favorable that the proposed polymers are for the most part expensive, difficult-to-obtain substances and that technology in individual cases presupposes special equipment and special expertise.

There was therefore still a need for a new method which in itself combines the advantages of the two methods described but which does not have their disadvantages.

It has now been found that in a suitable manner solid, yet still sufficiently elastic gels can be obtained, which. permanently stabilizes the objects to be treated, and does. they are waterproof, if one proceeds essentially in the manner described in Hungarian Patent Specification 153,975, but as additional components the gel-forming system is provided with certain specific organic polymers.

The object of the invention is thus a way of stabilizing and making foundation and building structures, building objects, building elements, rocks and soil watertight using water glass and silicon fluorofluoric acid. For the process according to the invention, it is characteristic that in or on the object to be treated, the aqueous glass solution is brought into the presence of, calculated on 1 part by weight of solid, 0.01 - 1 part by weight, preferably 0.05 - soluble , organic polymer and in the presence of a substance, such as 0.2 parts by weight, of a hydrogel-forming water promotes the space network formation of the polymer, in contact with silicon-hydrofluoric acid.

In the description and in the claims, the term "water glass" refers to the alkali metal silicates and the ammonium silicate.

It is most suitable to use aqueous sodium silicate as the glass of water, the solids content of which is about 35%.

By the term "gel-forming, water-soluble organic polymer" is meant herein water-immiscible, liquid, hydrogel-forming organic polymers. A group of these polymers form the polyelectrolytes, of which those of the carboxylate type (containing a group -COOX Examples of which are the carboxymethylcellulose materials, the acrylic acid and methacrylic acid polymers and the highly hydrolyzed polyacrylic acid esters, furthermore the alkali metal and ammonium salts thereof. the hydrogel-forming, nonionic polymers, the most important representatives of which are the polyacrylamides and the polyvinyl alcohol.

The substances that promote the space network formation of polymers are well-known substances in plastic chemistry, which is why they are not described in more detail here. It should only be mentioned here that for the space network formation of the polyelectrolytes the most suitable compounds are used, which contain polyvalent metal ions (eg calcium, etc., magnesium, iron, copper and chromium salts), and for the space network formation of the nonionic polymers. most preferably polyhydric aldehydes (eg glyoxal or glutaraldehyde). The substance, which promotes the formation of space networks, may be present in the space to be treated from the outset. A typical case of this is the treatment of an object present in the groundwater or soaked in the groundwater with a polyelectrolyte-containing, gel-forming system, because in the groundwater there are always polyvalent metal compounds present, which in the long run ensure sufficient space network formation.

The mentioned bridge formers also promote to a certain extent and at a certain speed also the gel formation of the water glass.

As a result, one gel matrix is built into the other and chemical bonds are formed between the two.

The silicon fluorofluoric acid (H2SiF6) used for gel formation can contain various fluorides as impurities, such as hydrogen fluoride or silicon tetrafluoride. For the gel formation ... eel (\ 10 15 20 25 30 35 448 736 can be used to great advantage in the manufacture of phosphate fertilizers as waste material, contaminated, aqueous silicon fluorofluoric acid solution. Silicon fluorofhydric acid can also be introduced in gaseous form, but use in the form of an aqueous solution is more suitable.

The individual particles in the gel-forming system can be added to the site of their use separately, but it is more convenient to design the gel by allowing two material streams to interact. One material stream is the aqueous solution of the water glass, while the other material stream is the hydrofluoric acid or the aqueous solution thereof. The water-soluble, gel-forming, organic polymer is added to one or the other material stream or also to both material streams, taking into account the compatibility conditions. The polyelectrolyte type polymers are not soluble in aqueous silicon fluorofluoric acid and must therefore be added to the aqueous glass solution. The nonionic polymers are conveniently added to the acid solution, while polyacrylamide and slightly hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (up to 15%) can be added to both the acid solution and the aqueous glass solution. If the substance which promotes the spatial network formation of the polymer is not initially present at the place of treatment (eg when polyelectrolytes were used for the treatment of objects which are not in contact with the groundwater or when nonionic polymers are used), the bridge former to the aqueous acid. The non-ionic polymers in the aqueous silicon fluorofluoric acid also do not gel in the presence of the crosslinker (aldehyde), so there is no need to fear any disturbances in the technical process.

It should be noted that the aqueous silicon fluorofluoric acid solutions, which are obtained as waste materials in the manufacture of phosphate fertilizers, mostly contain polyvalent metal compounds in sufficient quantity. In order to achieve better reproducibility and to master the gelation process well, it is advisable to maintain a certain metal ion concentration at all times.

The feed of the material streams can be carried out in any order. For example. the aqueous glass solution (which may also contain the gel-forming, water-soluble, organic polymer) may first be applied to or in the object to be treated or in its environment and in the following steps the acid solution may be applied, which may contain the other required components ( nonionic polymer and / or crosslinker). When, in addition to the silicon fluorobenic acid, all other components are present in the water glass solution or at the treatment site from the outset (eg when the treatment takes place at a site exposed to groundwater and the water glass solution contains polyelectrolyte), the acid can also be brought into contact with gas. other components of the gel-forming system. Of course, one can also first bring the acid material stream and then the water glass stream to the place of treatment, but this method of treatment is less suitable. The treatment can be repeated one or more times as needed. d The hydrofluoric acid is suitably added in excess of the amount required for the gel formation of the water glass. If it is necessary for environmental protection reasons, the excess acid at the treatment site can be easily neutralized by adding an alkaline substance. As an alkaline substance, e.g. water glass solution (which may contain gel-forming, water-soluble, organic polymer), lime milk, dilute soda solution, etc. is used. This finishing is suitably associated with the testing of the treated article in terms of watertightness.

In the process according to the invention, the solutions described in the introductory patents cited are combined in a suitable manner with each other. According to a particularly preferred embodiment, a silica gel is first formed at the site of the treatment in the manner of water glass solution and silicon-hydrofluoric acid described in Hungarian patent specification 153 975, and in the second step the process according to the invention is carried out.

If gaps or cavities with large volumes are to be completely filled, the gaps and cavities can be filled in advance with a granular, solid substance which does not prevent gel formation, e.g. perlite, quartz sand, ash. The solid can also be mixed into one of the aqueous material streams.

To make the resulting gel more elastic and deformable, you can combine the gel-forming system with rubber latex. In this case, natural or synthetic latex is first applied to or in the object to be treated, or in its surroundings. The latex is allowed to coagulate spontaneously - or it is also coagulated with acid, and then the described treatment is carried out with water glass and silicic hydrofluoric acid. It is also possible to proceed in such a way that in the water glass solution, calculated on 1 part by weight of solids content, it is mixed in natural or synthetic latex in an amount corresponding to 0.005 - 1 part by weight, preferably 0.05 - 0.2 parts by weight, of dry matter. This mixture is then contacted in the presence of a water-soluble organic polymer with the hydrofluoric acid.

In the course of the process according to the invention, a homogeneous gel structure is formed by the water glass, the latex optionally present and the gel-forming, water-soluble organic polymer, which contains organic and inorganic components to an equal degree. This gel structure retains the original strength of the inorganic silicate component, but remains elastic in the manner characteristic of the organic component, i.e. the water-repellent and stabilizing effect is equally complete. This result was unpredictable with the knowledge of the state of the art, as the optimal gelation conditions and the gelation rate of the organic gel formers differ greatly from those of the inorganic gel formers. Thus, one could have previously expected that two different gel structures would appear at the site of the treatment, which would mutually impair their properties.

The invention is further elucidated in the following by means of exemplary embodiments, but is not limited to these examples.

Example 1 A 30 cm long glass tube with a rubber plug with an inner diameter of 4 cm closed at its lower end was filled up to a height of 20 cm with sand with a maximum grain size of 2 mm. The rubber stopper is provided with a borehole, which is clogged with gauze. 90 ml of concentrated (35%) water glass was poured onto the sand column. The solution completely impregnated the sand and the excess began to drip out at the lower end of the pillar. When the last residue is just filtered out of the sand, the mixture is poured onto the column with the mixture of 40 ml of concentrated aqueous hydrofluoric acid solution, 40 ml of 5% aqueous polyacrylamide solution and 10 ml of concentrated aqueous glyoxal solution. The aqueous solution eventually seeps into the water column soaked with water glass and begins to gel the water glass there. After the gel formation has started, the excess of the acidic solution can no longer seep into the sand, and the non-gelled water glass can rabbit drip out at the bottom. the excess of the acidic solution is poured off. Then the rubber stopper is removed and the column is washed out from under the water tap with a strong jet of water. The gelled part resists the action of the water jet, while it is impregnated only with water glass, but not gelled sand.

After the experiment, 80-90% of the 20 cm long sand column remains in the form of a compact, solid and completely waterproof filling; under a pressure of 1.5 m water column, the lowering of the water level does not exceed 5 mm within 1 hour.

The same experiment was repeated, but now only the concentrated aqueous hydrofluoric acid was applied to the sand column impregnated with water glass in an amount of 90 ml, while the other components were excluded. Only 3 - 5 cm of the column gelled and in addition the water resistance of the gelled part was not satisfactory. At a water pressure of 0.1 m water column, the level dropped within 50 minutes by 50 mm.

The same experiment was repeated, but now was applied to the sand column impregnated with water glass solution with water in the ratio 1: 1 diluted hydrofluoric acid (also a total of 90 ml). The gelled part was 5 - 10 cm long.

The water tightness is poor and at a water pressure of 0.1 m water column, the water level drop was 70 mm within 10 minutes.

Example 2 The experiment described in Example 1 was repeated in another form: first the sand column was soaked with a mixture of 80 ml of concentrated aqueous glass solution and 10 ml of 10% by weight sodium polyacrylate solution. Then a mixture of 40 ml of concentrated aqueous hydrofluoric acid, 40 ml of water and 10 ml of 10% ferric chloride solution was charged to the column. The resulting filling was compact, tough, extremely resistant to pressure and impact and extremely waterproof. At 1.5 m water column, the lowering of the water level was negligibly small.

Example 3 The procedure was as described in Example 1, but 90 ml were filled with an aqueous solution containing 5% by weight of hydrofluoric acid, 5% by weight of polyvinyl alcohol and 1% by weight. boric acid, on the sand column impregnated with water glass.

The filling was identical in properties to that of Example 1. * Example 4 Work was carried out in the manner described in Example 1, but first a mixture of 60 ml of water glass solution and 30 ml of 6% aqueous solution of a partial (to 10%) hydro lysed polyacrylamide on the sand column. When the column was soaked, 90 ml of an aqueous solution containing 5% by weight of silicon fluorofluoric acid and 2.5% by weight of chromium alum were added. A gelled filling was obtained with extremely good mechanical properties. The water resistance was the same as with the product according to Example 2.

Example 5 The procedure described in Example 1 was followed, but first a mixture of 67.5 ml of concentrated water glass solution and 22.5 ml of 10% aqueous sodium polyacrylate solution was added to the sand column, and then 90 ml of the soaked column was poured. of an aqueous solution containing 10% by weight of silicon fluorofluoric acid, 5% by weight of polyacrylamide and 1% by weight of glyoxal. The resulting fill showed the same parameters as those of Example 2. The strength of the fill increases further over time, if stored in groundwater, as the crosslinking of the sodium polyacrylate continues through the action of the polyvalent metal ions contained in the groundwater. Example 6 In the method shown in Fig. 1, a channel section lying between two shafts 2 and 3 was subjected to treatment according to the invention. The previously cleaned duct section was closed with pipe closures 1 and then filled from the container 4 through the shaft 2 with water glass solution with a density of 35.7 - 38.00 Bë. To ensure the pressure required for the solution to penetrate the leaks, cracks, holes, passages, pores and cracks, the solution was filled in the shaft up to the pressure height "m".

This height can, depending on the repair task, amount to 1-2 m, and if necessary, additional solution is applied afterwards. When the level of the water glass solution no longer or only slightly decreases (depending on the dimension of the defect sites, this is generally the case after 20 - 60 minutes), the water glass solution present in the duct section is pumped as soon as possible (within the course of about 5 - 10 minutes) back through the shaft 2 into the container 4.

Thereafter, in the manner shown in Fig. 2, acid solution was introduced into the channel section through the shaft 2 from the container 6.

This solution was prepared by mixing concentrated (about 20% by weight) technical grade silicone fluorofluoric acid solution in the ratio lzl with 5% by weight aqueous polyacrylamide solution (degree of polyacrylamide hydrolysis: 10%) and adding the resulting mixture. with 0.01 parts by weight of chromium alum, based on 1 part by weight of the mixture. The acid solution was pumped into the channel as quickly as possible (within 5 - 10 minutes) to prevent the water glass pushed into the cracks and cavities from flowing back into the channel.

The pressure height "m" of the acid solution in the shaft is suitably 0.5 - 1.0 m higher than the pressure height of the water glass solution. If necessary, add additional solution afterwards. 10 15 20 25 30 35 448 736 1.2 When the level of the solution in the shaft no longer decreased (which is generally the case after 20 - 60 minutes), the solution was pumped back through the shaft 2 into the container 6.

Thus, the repair of the duct section was completed. When the acid solution in the shaft no longer sank or only sank to an extent that was permitted according to the regulations for water tightness, the result of the repair was satisfactory. Thus, at the same time as the repair, the water tightness of the repaired section was also tested and the tightness test that usually follows such a repair (companies with air or water) is superfluous. After removing the pipe closures, the duct section can be put back into operation.

The material penetrated during the repair in the cracks, crevices, cavities and seepage points gelled and stabilized and formed a waterproof layer 5. As a result, not only were the defects in the channel sealed but also the surrounding soil was stabilized. As a result, the embedding of the pipeline became better. The embedding of a pipeline is of crucial importance for its stability and service life.

For the transport of the water glass solution as well as for its pumping into the channel and re-pumping back into the container, drainage vehicles of the type used in municipal waste management (volume around 3.5 - 10 m3) are suitably used.

Corrosion-resistant equipment (plastic containers, corrosion-resistant pumps, etc.) is used for the transport of the acidic solution, its filling in the duct and its re-pumping back into the container.

The commencement of the duct remediation, namely the filling of the section closed by the pipe closures with water glass, at the same time replaces the currently common, for g, 10 15 20 30 35 448 756 13 diagnosis of the faulty pressure test with water, which is a great advantage. During the pressure test, a significant amount of water penetrates into the surrounding soil layer in an undesirable manner through the defective places in the channel, which can lead to further leaching, under-flushing and a lowering of the channel into the ground. In contrast, according to the invention, the water glass solution (due to its viscosity, which significantly exceeds the viscosity of water and its other properties), does not cause any leaching through the defective places and into the ground.

The extra filtration measured after filling the duct section with water glass must be recalculated. According to the calculations not further elucidated here, in the traditional pressure test with water, depending on the temperature, the viscosity of the water glass solution used, etc. at the same pressure head "m" (taking into account the higher density of the water glass solution) 10 - lß times as much water flows into the ground compared to the amount of water glass that penetrates into the ground.

An advantage of the method is that it is also possible to treat a pipe section between three or more shafts at the same time, together with the connecting pipes from the houses, the water drainage shaft and other connected pipes. In carrying out the method according to the invention, these parts of the network can also be repaired together with the duct. Depending on the equipment available and the internal dimensions of the canal to be decontaminated, sections of 30 to 10 m length can be processed at one time. An appropriately organized and trained staff can repair 2 - 3 sections in an 8-hour shift, when e.g. the solution extracted from section 1 does not return to the container but is immediately pumped into the connecting section 2, which is to be repaired, and from there into section 3. In the application of the channel repair procedure according to the invention, in addition, other advantages: The technological process as a whole during the repair can be mechanized with relatively low costs and small equipment. The need for human labor is extremely small, but the speed of repair is great. Traffic is hardly hindered and it is not necessary to tear up the street surface. The procedure is not associated with either bundle? or explosion hazard. The repair does not impair the hydraulic properties of the duct. The repaired duct does not cause any special inspection costs. The method is also suitable for the repair of channels in the groundwater; in these cases the pressure height "m" is calculated from the groundwater level and upwards.

The solutions pumped back after the repair (water glass and acid solution) can be used several times for an indefinite period of time.

Since the method according to the invention works with solutions, it is not necessary to find out in advance the fault locations, which is a very cumbersome, time-consuming and labor-intensive method. The solutions insulate the fault points and eliminate the leaks.

With the method according to the invention, individual fault points on the duct (eg some defective pipe joints) can also be repaired. In this case, the entire duct section to be repaired is not filled with solution, but by inserting a device known per se, the solution is led only to the desired place. In such repairs, the duct does not need to be put out of operation in most cases, as the inserted device has a flow-through pipe through which the waste water can continue to flow. m lO 15 20 25 30 35 448 736 15 Even when the entire channel is filled in, there is the possibility not to interrupt operation. One can e.g. raise the incoming wastewater from the last shaft before the filled section. An elastic pipeline is also arranged in the filled duct section between the pipe closures, the cross-section of which corresponds to approximately half of the inner cross-section of the duct and which serves for the passage of the waste water. In most cases, in which duct sections are filled, however, it is not necessary either with the raising of the water or the installation of an internal pipe, as the repair only lasts for a short time and the return pond caused by the closure of the duct section does not cause any problems. .

If a section is to be treated, which includes three or more shafts, and if, in order to keep the amount of solution as low as possible, each shaft is not to be filled, the shafts between them can be closed on the inlet and drain side with pipe closures, between which is a connecting line.

The two-liquid process also has the advantage that no gas can escape to the environment through any unbound interconnections.

Example 7 When you place special value on the time between the back-pumping of the water glass solution and the filling with acid solution being as short as possible, whereby as little solution as possible in the channel flows back out of the cracks and fissures, you work on it shown in Fig. 3.

Before starting the process, after fitting the pipe closures, the shafts are closed by means of suitable openings and the necessary equipment 10 15 20 25 30 35 448 736 having cover plates 7 and 8, which are loaded with suitable weights so that they are not lifted. up by the influence of the exhaust air. Thereafter, the duct section is filled in the manner described in Example 6 with water glass from the container 4, the valves 11 and 12 being in the open position.

When the re-pumping of the solution has started back into the container 4, the valves 11 and 12 are closed and with the aid of the compressor 13 compressed air is led into the duct section through the line I4, until there is an overpressure of 0.2 atm, which can be checked on manometer 9. In this phase, the valve 15 is opened and the valve 16 is closed. When the water glass solution has been pumped back, the valve 15 is closed, the valves 11, 12 and 16 are opened and the duct section is filled with acid solution from the container 17 through the line 14.

In the following, the repair proceeds as described in connection with Fig. 2.

Example 8 Fig. 4 shows a solution which is suitable for the repair of ducts with larger cross-sections. For larger cross-sections, it is not economical to fill the entire duct with solution. The section is closed with the pipe closures 18 and 19 and then the inflatable plastic hose 22 provided with spacers 22 is arranged in the duct at the conduit 20. Solutions and processes in connection with the repair are in the following the same as in example 6.

Example 9 The method according to the invention is excellently well suited for the repair of ducts which are built of brick. Particularly good results are achieved in the repair of older ducts that have been built of lime plaster joined together. In connection with these ducts, the lime plaster goes to the bottom relatively quickly due to the unfavorable conditions, cavities are formed behind the wall by infiltration or infiltration and the duct sinks or breaks down fn \ š 10 15 20 25 30 35 448 756 1-7 . This can even lead to a demolition of the roadway.

The repair is carried out according to example 6 or 8. The repaired duct is illustrated in cross section in Fig. 5. The solution has the sub-repair filled the cavities 5 behind the duct wall, has penetrated into all joints, cracks and fissures and sticks after the gelling so to speak. together bricks and masonry.

After the treatment, the canal is completely waterproof.

Example 10 Fig. 6 shows the repair of a damaged, non-watertight pool in the groundwater.

After a suitable cleaning, the basin is filled through the manhole with water glass solution according to example 6. If, through filtration, there should be a reduction in the liquid level in the container, more solution will be added afterwards. When the filtration has ceased or become very slight (this occurs depending on the extent of the damage within about 30 - 120 minutes), the solution is removed in the manner described in Example 6 and the pool is then filled with acid solution according to Example When the exfiltration has ceased, ie when the solution level no longer drops or the lowering is only insignificant (generally after 20 - 120 minutes), the acid solution is removed in the manner described in Example 6.

The solution penetrated through the cracks and crevices in the basin into the surrounding soil gels there, and the emerging gel plugs 23 and gel-containing soil layers ensure the complete water tightness of the basin.

If desired, volumetric elements can be built into the basin as in Example 8. Example 11 The method according to the invention is also suitable for the stabilization of submerged objects and buildings that have become cracked.

Fig. 7 shows the stabilization of a submerged submersible water tower of reinforced concrete. In the vicinity of the foundation blocks 24, several common, known, perforated injection pipes 25 are driven into the ground down to the desired depth (eg at each foundation block 24) for the ground stabilization. The container 26 is then pressed into the ground by means of a pump 80 l of water glass solution per pipe, taking into account the regulations applicable to soil stabilization and the condition of the soil. The valves 28 and 29 are closed, while the valve 32 is open. The valve 32 is now closed and the water glass solution still present in the injection tubes is pushed into the ground by means of the water pumped out of the container 27. Then the valve 29 is closed, the valve 30 is opened and acid solution is pushed out of the container 31 through the line 30 through the injection pipes 25 into the ground. The same acid solution as in Example 6 is used. Depending on the amount injected, a stabilized ground area with a diameter of 30 - 50 cm is formed around each pipe. As a result, the water tower receives a stable foundation.

Claims (11)

Kil 10 15 20 25 30 35 448 736 Patent claim 1. Ways to stabilize and make foundation and building structures, building objects, in particular canals and pipelines, building elements, rock and soil waterproof using water glass and silicon fluorofluoric acid, drawing - by the article to be treated, or in its vicinity, brings water glass solution in the presence of, based on 1 part by weight solids, 0.01 - 1 part by weight, 0.05 - 0.2 parts by weight, of a hydrogel-forming, water-soluble, organic polymer and in the presence of a substance, preferably which promotes the space network formation of the polymer, in contact with the silicon fluorofluoric acid. 2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the use of the hydrofluoric acid in the form of an aqueous solution is used. 3. A method according to claim 1, which uses hydrogel-forming, water-soluble, organic polymer characterized in that polyelectrolytes, preferably carboxymethylcellulose, acrylic acid or methacrylic acid polymers or copolymers, partially hydrolysed polyacrylic acid esters, their alkali metal or ammonium mixtures are used. the listed polymers. 4. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that nonionic polymers, suitably polyacrylamide and / or polyvinyl alcohol, are used as the hydrogel-forming, water-soluble, organic polymer. 5. A method according to claim 3, characterized in that the gel-forming, water-soluble, organic polymer is dissolved in the aqueous solution of the water glass. 6. A process according to claim 2, characterized in that the gel-forming, water-soluble, organic polymer dissolves in the aqueous solution of the hydrofluoric acid. 10 15 20 448 756 7. A method according to claim 4, characterized in that the gelling, water-soluble, organic polymer used is polyacrylamide dissolved in the aqueous solution of the water glass and / or in the aqueous solution of the hydrofluoric acid. A method according to claim 3 or 5, that as a substance which promotes the space network image of the polymer characterized by .G3, the polyvalent metal ions which are initially present in the groundwater and / or as pollutants in the water are used. the solutions. 9. A method according to one or more of claims 1-8, characterized in that granular, solid materials which do not inhibit the reaction are applied in advance to the places to be treated, or granular solid materials are added which does not inhibit the reaction, to one of the treatment solutions. Method according to one or more of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that natural or synthetic rubber latex is applied in advance at the treatment site, allowed to spontaneously coagulate there or coagulate with acid or in the water glass solution, calculated on 1 part by weight of solids, dissolves a quantity of natural or synthetic rubber latex, which corresponds to 0.005 - 1 part by weight, preferably 0.05 - 0.2 parts by weight of solids. 11. A method according to one or more of claims 1-10, t e c k n a t k ä n n e - by repeating the treatment with any frequency and sequence. P) -