CZ297138B6 - Interior accessory, particularly furniture or part thereof, and process of its manufacture - Google Patents

Abstract

The invented interior accessory, particularly furniture or a part thereof, consists of a laminated material wherein one layer thereof id formed by a bearing structure shaped into the desired shape. Said bearing structure (1) is provided on its outer surface, forming said interior accessory surface, with a layer of clear or pigment-colored resin with embedded, arbitrarily arranged elements (7) made of natural and/or artificial material. Said elements (7) are represented by arbitrary hollow shells, preferably nutshells, stones, acorn caps, shells, conches, seashells, calcified shells or small castings or pressings, which are embedded in the clear or pigment-colored resin layer (6) with their bulging parts. The final surface of the interior accessory is formed directly by cavities of the impressed elements (7) forming natural relief-like recesses being smoothly connected with the layer (6) of the clear or pigment-colored resin encompassing the inserted elements (7) and forming the remaining surface of the interior accessory. Disclosed is also a process for producing the above described interior accessory characterized by the fact that based on the requirement for appearance of the produced object, a shaped or plane mold is created, a layer of adhesive substance (11) is applied on the form, where the thickness of this layer ranges from 1 to 50 mm, small elements (7) made of natural and/or artificial material, preferably shells of various fruits and/or animal shells and/or any small castings or pressings, are applied on this layer of adhesive substance (11) in any arrangement, while their sides, which should constitute the superficial area of the resulting accessory, face to the adhesive substance; the layer of these elements (7) is covered, at least partially, with at least one layer (6) of slightly thickened resin from the group of polyester, epoxide, acrylate or polyurethane resins, which may be pigmented, if appropriate, and after partial hardening of the resin, the bearing structure (1) is formed in this casting in such way that in straight, curved or distorted areas of the accessory being produced, the semi-product is laminated, over the resin layer with elements (7), with glass cloth saturated with at least one layer of the same resin; in narrow profiles, at least a two-piece mold with castings produced using the above-described procedure is used, and the bearing structure is created by inserting a pipe (3) of the required diameter into one piece of the mold, and this pipe (3) is laminated in, the connecting areas of the casts are furnished with an adhesive layer, and the mould pieces are closed ; in cavities, foamed polyurethane foam (4) is injected, and the area of small fillings, bulges or flat shapes is filled with resin layer (5), while after hardening of the bearing structures (1), the cast is taken out of the mould, the adhesive substance layer (11) is removed, and the surface is finished by abrading and polishing the cast face.

Description

Technical field

The presented solution concerns newly created interior accessories, utility or decorative objects, especially furniture for interiors, and the method of their production.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Until now, the production of atypical pieces of furniture and items for the interior is used by technology working mainly with wood, metals or plastics. Each of these materials has certain advantages and disadvantages. If wood is used, the disadvantage is its drying and shape and dimensional limitations during its processing. The disadvantage of metals is their thermal and electrical conductivity and the necessity of performing demanding surface treatments. If plastic is used, the disadvantage is its synthetic appearance, color instability and easy damage to its surface.

A method is known to improve the physical properties of the surface of the decorative surfaces while reducing the thickness of the protective layer mixed with the beads, which is the subject of JP 2002052666. The base layer containing titanium oxide or zinc is formed on the surface of a substrate made of unsaturated synthetic resin. on the base layer, a protective layer comprising tetrafluoroethylene resin mixed with fine beads of glass, quartz, urethane or nylon, or the tiny urethane beads are premixed with the base layer. This is about spraying beads, which always creates a chaotic structure and therefore it is not possible to create a controlled predetermined decor. In addition, it is a disadvantage that this involves the treatment of planar surfaces without any form, and this method is not applicable to complex object shapes. Since the beads are not natural material, it is very difficult, if not impossible, to finish the surface without breaking the furniture, for example by grinding.

There is also a method of treating a surface laminated board with the decor described in CZ 1997-425. Here, a layer of acrylic adhesive is applied to the face of the base plate, and before it is dried, a porous decorative pattern is pressed onto it and then a layer of polyurethane lacquer is applied. This method is applicable only to flat, possibly slightly undulating, boards with a very thin and non-plastic decorative layer and its use for complex three-dimensional objects is completely excluded. Due to the application of pressure to the decorative pattern, the application to decorative articles composed of natural materials is also completely excluded, as the pressure would, for example, disrupt the harder and more brittle wood mass.

None of the previously known methods of creating decorative items or interior accessories makes it possible to produce complex shapes with a surface decorated with embedded, in particular natural, elements in a completely arbitrary preselected arrangement.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The above-mentioned disadvantages are eliminated by the interior accessories, in particular the furniture, and the method of its manufacture according to the present solution. The interior accessory, in particular the furniture or part thereof, consists of a laminate material, one of which consists of a supporting structure shaped into the desired shape of the accessory or part thereof. In the area of straight, curved or warped portions of the article, this support structure consists of a layer of resin-impregnated glass fabric, a pipe in narrow sections, a foamed polyurethane foam in cavities, and a resin support layer for small objects.

-1 CZ 297138 B6

The essence of the interior accessory is that the supporting structure is provided on its outer surface forming the interior accessory surface with a layer of clear or pigment-confined resin with imprinted, pre-selected, arranged, elements of natural and / or artificial material, for example / or in completely contradictory colors. The use of artificial material also makes it possible to create completely new elements corresponding to the artistic intention of the author of the interior accessory. The elements are arbitrary hollow shells, preferably nut shells, pips, acorn caps, shells, shells, shells, calcified shells, or small castings or moldings. These elements are embedded in the layer of clear or pigment-colored resin by their convex sides. Thus, the resulting surface of the interior accessory is formed directly by the cavities of the embossed elements forming natural relief depressions, and these depressions are seamlessly bonded to a layer of clear or pigmented resin surrounding the intervening elements to form the remaining surface of the interior accessory.

In one possible embodiment, the recessed convex sides of the elements on the inside of the support structure are provided with openings. In a modified embodiment, the apertures may be filled with a clear resin layer.

In another embodiment, the cavities of the elements are filled with clear resin to a level providing a smooth surface of the article with visible non-palpable cavities of the elements.

In all of these embodiments, the resulting surface of the interior accessory may be covered with a finishing layer of lacquer that copies this surface including the shape of the imprinted elements.

In the manufacture of said interior accessory consisting of a laminated material, a model of the entire interior accessory is first formed in a known manner, which is then cast into a further machinable mass, shaped and ground. The mold for the actual casting of the final interior accessory, for example a laminate mold, is removed in a known manner from the model thus formed. The essence of the novel process is to apply a layer of soft, non-resilient adhesive mass, preferably wax, in the mold to be formed, the thickness of the layer being in the range of 5 mm to 50 mm. Small elements of natural and / or artificial material are pressed into this adhesive layer in a controlled configuration according to a pre-selected design by the side intended to form the appearance surface of the resulting accessory. These elements are any hollow shells, preferably nut shells, pips, acorn caps, shells, conch shells, calcified shells, or small castings. A layer of such positionally secured and from the casting with further layers of insulated elements is cast at least partially by at least one layer of a slightly thickened or pigment-colored resin of the group of polyester, epoxy, acrylate or polyurethane resin. After it partially solidifies, the casting is laminated in a known manner, and after its removal, it is cleaned of a layer of adhesive and its face is regrinded and polished.

In one possible embodiment, the resulting cast from the back side, i.e. the side of the support structure, is ground so that holes are formed in the bottom of the hollow elements. Another possibility is that the holes formed are covered with clear resin before they are removed from the side cavities of the elements.

It is also possible to embed the cavities in the elements with a clear resin to the level necessary to create a smooth facing surface that results from the finishing and polishing process.

In another possible variant, the surface of the interior accessory is covered with a lacquer layer which follows the relief formed with the depressions.

The advantage of this solution is that it combines some advantages of all previous methods, namely metal strength, natural appearance and luxurious touch of wood, arbitrary shapes, color scale and unbreakability of plastics, while eliminating some of their disadvantages, such as thermal and electrical conductivity of metal and necessity demanding surface treatments, drying and shape

-2GB 297138 B6 and dimensional limitations in woodworking, synthetic appearance, color instability and easy plastic surface damage.

Another advantage is that it allows the production of objects of various shapes, such as rounded or rounded, concave, convex, as well as flat or corrugated or embossed surfaces and boards, very strong and durable, while at the same time a very aesthetic appearance of natural character.

The technology in question makes it possible to take full advantage of the laminate indoors. So far, laminate is not used in the interior, only for auxiliary load-bearing elements. Here it is used as an original material. The new solution provides a wide range of applications, allowing the production of solid self-supporting pieces of any shape, durable surface and very decorative appearance.

Another significant advantage is that the present technology combines synthetic material and natural material, which in the prior art is disposed of as waste. In the prior art, no advantageous way to use it for the manufacture of furniture or interior accessories is known. Using this new technology, this is possible and the characteristic appearance of these wastes is utilized to achieve this visual effect. A product is created with a highly decorative surface of natural appearance and touch, with a characteristic, unmistakable surface structure formed by this natural component, rich in shape, fully functional and very strong and durable thanks to the synthetic material. While maintaining all the advantages it is suitable for the production of one or a series of pieces.

A certain disadvantage is the considerable proportion of handwork in production, which, however, does not hinder production in series and, as a result, positively affects the luxury and original character of the product's appearance.

The current general level of aesthetic demands on lifestyle and environment is focused mainly on natural materials and natural non-aggressive but comfortable and non-uniform appearance of things. Such claims are easily and overlapping when using this material.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Examples of the invention are schematically indicated in the accompanying drawings. Fig. 1 shows an exemplary embodiment of a planar panel usable as an interior accessory or a portion thereof, and Figs. 2A and 2B illustrate a process for manufacturing it. Analogously, FIG. 3 shows an example of a curved surface accessory, and FIGS. 4A and 4B show an example of its manufacture. Giant. Figures 5 to 7 show examples of supporting structures in atypical shapes. Figs. 8A and 8B show a method of creating a special surface appearance and the result is shown schematically in two different views in Figs. 9 and 10. Examples of insertion of various elements, especially connecting or retaining elements, are shown schematically in Fig. 1 ΙΑ, 1B , 12A, 12B, 13, 14A, and 14B.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

According to the present invention, various types of interior accessories, individual pieces of furniture or individual parts thereof can be manufactured. For the sake of simplicity, a flat plate and a curved surface plate are shown schematically in FIG. 1 as an example of the final product. In both cases, the resulting article is of laminate, which consists of a support structure 1 formed into the desired shape of a given accessory or part thereof, i.e. either in a plane or a curved surface. This support structure 1 is formed in different ways depending on the shape of the final product. In the area of straight, curved or warped parts of the article, such as the examples in Figs. 1 and 3, it consists of a layer 2 of resin-impregnated glass fabric. If a narrow profile is formed, then the support structure 1 is formed by means of a pipe 3 or by means of an iron rod, as shown in FIG. 5. If there are cavities in the complement, the support structure 1 forms a layer 4 of foamed polyurethane foam. In the case of small objects, the support structure is formed directly by the resin support layer 5. The support structure 1 is on its outer surface forming the surface of the accessory

Provided with a layer 6 of slightly thickened resin into which arbitrarily arranged elements 7 of natural and / or artificial materials are embedded. The surface of the accessory thus formed is covered with a finishing layer 8 of lacquer or polish which follows this surface including the shape of imprinted nuts, pips, acorn caps, shells, shells, shells, calcified shells, which are embedded in the resin layer by their convex portions, of various shapes and colors, for example of resins, gypsum, wood mixtures and the like. Likewise, for example, different labels 10 may be applied as shown in Figures 11A and 11B.

The appearance of the product can be modified in various ways. One possibility is that the recessed convex portions of the elements 7 will protrude from the support structure 1 and form holes therein. 8A, 8B, 9 and 10. The support layer 1 can be provided with a clear resin layer on the side of the openings 7. Another possibility is that the cavities of the elements 7 are filled with a clear resin so that after finishing the smooth surface of the object is formed. The appearance of the final additive can also be altered so that the resin layer 6 in which the elements 7 are embedded is colored with a pigment.

The interior accessory can also be provided with connecting and / or gripping elements 9, which usually extend through the supporting structure 1 and are anchored in the resin layer 6, according to its further purpose, for example if it is only part of the furniture. These connection and / or gripping elements 9 are formed either during the manufacture of the accessory or, depending on their location and nature, are already applied to the finished product, for example by creating screw holes.

Said interior accessories or furniture parts, boards and the like are manufactured as follows. First, the model of the whole interior accessory is shaped in a known manner, for example by sculpting from sculptural clay. It is then again cast in a manner known per se into a further workable mass, for example gypsum, shaped and ground. The mold for the casting of the final interior accessory, for example a laminate mold, is removed from the plaster model thus formed. This laminate mold is filled with a 5 to 50 mm thick layer 11 of a soft non-rigid adhesive. The adhesive layer 11 is preferably a wax which is both inexpensive and recyclable. This produces a hitherto unknown combined, in this case wax-laminate, mold. Other forms of hitherto unknown, such as wax-gypsum, wax-silicone-gypsum, wax-silicone-laminate, and the like may be formed. Alternatively, glue paper or double-sided adhesive film could be used for flat surfaces, or it is even possible to combine these materials for one product. This adhesive layer 11 must have a separating effect on the laminate and must be capable of being dissolved in order to remove it. The adhesive layer 11 used must be soft but not sticky and spreadable in order to be able to be applied in the layer. It is also conceivable to use plasticine or clay with a certain moisture content in addition to wax. Depending on the application, the layer has a thickness ranging from 5 mm to 50 mm and must be easy to remove from the cast and mold. The main function of the adhesive layer 11 is to press into it various small elements 7, for example shells of different fruits or shells of animals such as clams. At this stage, the pre-selected and thus controlled shell folding system results in a surface texture. The layer of elements 7 is overcoated with at least one layer 6 of slightly thickened or pigmented, polyester, epoxy, acrylate or polyurethane resin and after its solidification, the bearing structure L is formed in a known manner on this casting. , the support structure 1 is formed by lamination with a glass cloth, also saturated with resin. The resin is applied by coating or spraying in one or more layers. If it is a multi-part mold, the individual parts are glued together in the mold with the same material and laminated from the inside. After the resin has cured, the cast is removed from the mold, cleaned, retouched, sanded, polished and polished with varnish or polish.

When flat sheets are produced, the form is a smooth sheet of non-absorbent material with a raised edge against the material run-off. The slabs are cast either in a particular shape of the final product such as doors, lids, cushions and the like, or as a sheet material, cut to the desired size and shape by cutting. The planar form is covered with a uniform layer 11 of soft adhesive, for example by pouring wax, or in this case it may be provided with an adhesive layer, for example a foil or glue paper. However, this assumes that the elements 7, whether natural or artificially cast, have

-4E 297138 B6 to a plane by casting or by cutting or grinding a flattened surface. This method is not as advantageous, but for example, in cut peach pits, this method is problem-free. The adhesive effect is only necessary to hold the elements 7, for example shells, in the desired configuration on the surface, which is best ensured by the layer 11 of the soft adhesive. The arrangement of the inserted elements 7 on the adhesive surface layer 11 is realized in any dimension or in prepared complementary constructions. In the production of a flat surface, the elements 7 are poured once with a sufficient amount of resin. This cannot be used on curved surfaces because the material flows down. They are then laminated with resin-coated glass cloth to the required strength and strength, and after solidification, the article is removed from the surface and cleaned of the adhesive layer 11. Finally, the finished board is sanded and polished.

As already mentioned, the load-bearing structure 1 is made of resin-coated glass fabric for all curved and warped shapes, for example for chairs as well as for flat panels. In addition to the glass fabric, plastic, steel or other tubes 3 can form the supporting structure in narrow profiles, in places where there is little space inside, such as thin legs, tapered armrests or architectural interior details. The cavity support structure 1 may consist of a foamed polyurethane foam 4, which replaces the glass reinforcement in closed places that cannot be reached when the finished parts are joined. In the case of small castings, where the weight does not matter, the space may be completely filled with the resin support layer 5, in particular for small fillings and objects of convex and flat shape.

When using non-polyester resins, for example polyurethane resins, the casting may be self-supporting, without construction. As binder materials, those which solidify by chemical reaction and not by drying, i.e., two- and multi-component resins, cements and gypsum, must be used and which do not change the volume or only in fractions of a percentage.

The basic method can be modified for various requirements on the final appearance of the add-on. For example, by grinding the back, back, sides of the support structure 7, FIGS. 8A, 8B, 9 and 10, holes 71 and hence a perforated pattern are formed at the locations of the hollow elements 7. This can be permeable or the cavities of the elements 7 can be filled with clear resin before grinding the holes 71, thus providing a smooth compact surface with the translucent holes 71. Such a method can be used, for example, for interior walls and screens. The cavities in the elements 7 can be cast with a clear resin to obtain a smooth surface while retaining the structure optically, which is particularly useful on the upper surfaces of castings such as a table top. 11A and 11B, a connecting element such as a fitting, a hook, a handle and the like, FIGS. 12A, 12B, 13, 14A, 14B, or even the other materials such as metal, plastic, glass or wood. The product may also have complementary supporting structures such as metal frames provided with the necessary fittings, for example furniture doors, whole cabinets with opening and moving parts. The boards are then folded and cast directly into frames or additional structures. The fittings, fasteners and fasteners 9 can be cast into the mass of the plates directly during pouring, or fixed by drilling and gluing them into the finished plates. Likewise, holes in slabs and castings can be made during pouring or drilled to completion.

Industrial applicability

The presented solution can be used primarily in interior and furniture production in individual production, but also in smaller series. These are various individual pieces of furniture such as armchairs, chairs, benches, deck chairs and the like, furniture parts such as columns, frames, doors, straight plates, partitions, decorative walls, solid interior parts such as columns and separate decorative objects and sculptures. The items can be manufactured in small dimensions, of the order of about 10 cm to about 10 m or more.

Claims (10)

Interior accessory, in particular furniture or part thereof, consisting of laminated material, one layer of which is a supporting structure shaped into the desired shape of the accessory or part thereof, the supporting structure (1) being formed in the area of straight, curved or warped parts of the article a layer (2) of glass cloth impregnated with resin, in narrow profiles by tube (3), in cavities with a layer (4) of foamed polyurethane foam and in the case of small objects with a resin support layer (5), its outer surface forming the surface of the interior accessory provided with a layer (6) of clear or pigmented resin with imprinted, pre-selected elements (7) of natural and / or artificial material, which are any hollow shells, preferably nut shells, pips, caps acorns, shells, shells, shells, calcified shells or small castings which are embedded in the clear or pigment-colored resin layer (6) by their convex sides, the resulting surface of the interior accessory being formed directly by the cavities of the embossed elements (7) forming natural relief depressions seamlessly connected to the layer (6) clear or pigment-colored resins surrounding the intermediate elements (7) and forming the remaining surface of the interior accessory. Interior accessory according to claim 1, characterized in that the recessed convex sides of the elements (7) are provided with openings (71) on the inside of the support structure (1). Interior accessory according to claim 2, characterized in that the openings (71) are filled with a layer of clear resin. Interior accessory according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the cavities of the elements (7) are filled with a clear resin to a level creating a smooth surface of the object with visible non-palpable cavities of the elements (7). Interior accessory according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the resulting surface of the interior accessory is covered by a finishing layer (8) of lacquer or lacquer that copies this surface including the shape of the imprinted elements (7). A method of manufacturing an interior accessory according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a model of the entire interior accessory is first formed in a known manner, poured into a further machinable mass, creeped and ground and the mold thus obtained is cast. for example a laminate mold, characterized in that a layer of soft non-resilient adhesive mass, preferably wax, where the thickness of the layer is in the range of 5 to 50 mm, is applied to the formed mold and pressed into the adhesive mass layer (11). in a controlled configuration according to a pre-selected design, the side to be the appearance of the resulting accessory, small elements (7) of natural and / or artificial material which are any hollow shells, preferably nut shells, pips, acorn caps, shells, shells, shells, calcified shells, or small castings or moldings, the layer in this way Secured and from other layers of insulated elements (7) is at least partially covered with at least one layer (6) of slightly thickened or pigmented resin from the group of polyester, epoxy, acrylate or polyurethane resin, after which the casting is laminated in known manner and, after removal thereof, the adhesive layer (11) is cleaned and the face side sanded and polished. Method according to claim 6, characterized in that the cast part obtained is ground off from the back side, that is to say from the side of the support structure (1), so that holes (71) are formed in the bottom of the hollow elements (7). A method according to claim 7, characterized in that the holes (71) formed are filled with clear resin before they are removed from the cavities of the elements (7). -6GB 297138 B6 Method according to any one of claims 6, 7, 8, characterized in that the cavities in the elements (7) are poured with a clear resin to the amount necessary to create a smooth facing surface which results from the finishing operation by sanding and polishing. Method according to any one of claims 6, 7, 8, characterized in that the surface of the interior accessory is covered with a lacquer layer which follows the relief formed with the depressions.