CZ20031654A3 - Úplná nebo částečná náhrada dlouhé kosti - Google Patents

Úplná nebo částečná náhrada dlouhé kosti Download PDF

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Publication number
CZ20031654A3
CZ20031654A3 CZ20031654A CZ20031654A CZ20031654A3 CZ 20031654 A3 CZ20031654 A3 CZ 20031654A3 CZ 20031654 A CZ20031654 A CZ 20031654A CZ 20031654 A CZ20031654 A CZ 20031654A CZ 20031654 A3 CZ20031654 A3 CZ 20031654A3
Authority
CZ
Czechia
Prior art keywords
bone
replacement
collar
trochanter
remainder
Prior art date
Application number
CZ20031654A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
CZ300291B6 (cs
Inventor
Jay Meswania
Original Assignee
Stanmore Implants Worldwide Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Stanmore Implants Worldwide Ltd. filed Critical Stanmore Implants Worldwide Ltd.
Publication of CZ20031654A3 publication Critical patent/CZ20031654A3/cs
Publication of CZ300291B6 publication Critical patent/CZ300291B6/cs

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    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/30721Accessories
    • A61F2/30739Devices connected to the proximal part of an endoprosthetic femoral shaft for reinforcing or replacing the trochanters, e.g. the greater trochanter
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
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    • A61F2/36Femoral heads ; Femoral endoprostheses
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    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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    • A61F2250/0014Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof having different values of a given property or geometrical feature, e.g. mechanical property or material property, at different locations within the same prosthesis
    • A61F2250/0036Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof having different values of a given property or geometrical feature, e.g. mechanical property or material property, at different locations within the same prosthesis differing in thickness
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2250/00Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
    • A61F2250/0058Additional features; Implant or prostheses properties not otherwise provided for
    • A61F2250/0081Prosthesis for animals
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2250/00Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
    • A61F2250/0058Additional features; Implant or prostheses properties not otherwise provided for
    • A61F2250/0084Means for distinguishing between left-sided and right-sided devices; Sets comprising both left-sided and right-sided prosthetic parts
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2310/00Prostheses classified in A61F2/28 or A61F2/30 - A61F2/44 being constructed from or coated with a particular material
    • A61F2310/00005The prosthesis being constructed from a particular material
    • A61F2310/00011Metals or alloys
    • A61F2310/00023Titanium or titanium-based alloys, e.g. Ti-Ni alloys
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2310/00Prostheses classified in A61F2/28 or A61F2/30 - A61F2/44 being constructed from or coated with a particular material
    • A61F2310/00005The prosthesis being constructed from a particular material
    • A61F2310/00011Metals or alloys
    • A61F2310/00029Cobalt-based alloys, e.g. Co-Cr alloys or Vitallium
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2310/00Prostheses classified in A61F2/28 or A61F2/30 - A61F2/44 being constructed from or coated with a particular material
    • A61F2310/00005The prosthesis being constructed from a particular material
    • A61F2310/00179Ceramics or ceramic-like structures
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2310/00Prostheses classified in A61F2/28 or A61F2/30 - A61F2/44 being constructed from or coated with a particular material
    • A61F2310/00389The prosthesis being coated or covered with a particular material
    • A61F2310/00592Coating or prosthesis-covering structure made of ceramics or of ceramic-like compounds
    • A61F2310/00796Coating or prosthesis-covering structure made of a phosphorus-containing compound, e.g. hydroxy(l)apatite

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Description

Vynález se týká úplných nebo částečných náhrad dlouhých kostí v lidském nebo živočišném organismu.
Dosavadní stav techniky
V případě, že dojde k vážnému poškození končetin nebo k tomu, že je nutno odstranit chirurgicky velkou část kosti, například v případě zhoubných kostních nádorů, je zapotřebí nahradit velkou část přirozené kosti. V těchto případech musí chirurg splnit celou řadu podmínek. K usnadnění takových zákroků si vynález klade za úkol navrhnout modulární systém, který tyto podmínky splňuje. Jedním z typických požadavků je například náhrada proximální nebo distální části stehenní kosti, popřípadě náhrada celé této kostí.
Podstata vynálezu
Podstatu vynálezu tvoří úplná nebo částečná náhrada dlouhé kosti u člověka nebo jiných živočichů. Tato náhrada obsahuje proximální nebo distální koncovou část, tvořící jednu ze složek nahrazovaného kloubu, tělo, spojené s distálním nebo proximálním koncem a stopku pro zasazení do zbývající kosti, přičemž tělo, stopka a distální nebo proximální konec jsou spolu spojeny matricovým a patricovým zkosením, přičemž každé patricové zkosení je opatřeno výběžkem, zasahujícím v podélném směru do náhrady mimo její osu do odpovídajícího vyhloubení matricového zkosení, mimoto obsahuje náhrada příčné otvory pro přístup ke • · · ·
koncové oblasti patricového zkosení nástrojem, sloužícím k oddělení jednotlivých částí, mimoto výběžek udržuje části náhrady v požadovaném úhlu spojení.
Náhrada podle vynálezu také obsahuje límec, který může být spojen s tělem nebo jeho prodloužením a který má takové rozměry, aby se mohl opřít o zbytek kosti, do níž má být náhrada zasazena, límec je opatřen částí, která je povrchově zpracována tak, aby kost mohla snadno prorůstat strukturovaným povrchem tohoto límce.
V případě, že má jít o náhradu proximálního konce stehenní kosti, obsahuje tato náhrada s výhodou trochanterovou část, spojenou s tělem náhrady a s její stopkou, přičemž trochanterová část má tvar, který přibližně odpovídá anatomickému trochanteru včetně krčku stehenní kosti, na němž je uložena kulovitá část stehenní kosti a včetně plochy na druhé straně krčku pro spojení ze zbytkem kosti nebo s měkkými tkáněmi.
Praktické provedení vynálezu bude osvětleno v souvislosti s přiloženými výkresy.
Přehled obrázků na výkresech
Na obr. 1 je znázorněn pohled ze strany na sestavené části náhrady proximální části stehenní kosti.
Na obr. 2 je znázorněn pohled ze strany na náhradu distální části stehenní kosti.
Na obr. 3 jsou znázorněny různé pohledy na trochanterovou část náhrady podle vynálezu.
• ···· ·· ·· ·· ···· • · ···· ·· · ···· · ··· · · · • · ♦ · ·· ··· · ·
Na obr. 4 jsou znázorněny různé pohledy na modulární systém těla náhrady podle vynálezu.
Na obr. 5 jsou znázorněny různé pohledy na stopku pro použití náhrady podle vynálezu.
Na obr. 6 jsou znázorněny různé pohledy na límec pro použití v náhradě podle vynálezu.
Na obr. 7 je znázorněno několik pohledů na modulární prodloužení těla náhrady podle vynálezu.
Příklady provedení vynálezu
Na obr. 1 je schematicky znázorněna sestavená náhrada pro proximální část stehenní kosti. Tato náhrada je tvořena trochanterovou částí 1 s krčkem 2, který je zkosen pro nasazení kulovité hlavice kloubu běžným způsobem.
Trochanterová část 1_ je podrobněji znázorněna v různých pohledech na obr. 3. Je možno pozorovat, že přibližně odpovídá anatomickému tvaru této části kosti a je opatřena plochou 2 Pro spojení se zbytkem kosti nebo s měkkými tkáněmi. Trochanterová část 1. má vnitřní matricové zkosení, jak je zřejmé z obr. 3 a je spojená s patricovým zkosením těla 5_. Podrobná konstrukce těla 5 je zřejmá z obr. 4, kde je zřejmé, že tělo 5 je opatřeno patricovým zkosením 33 na jednom konci pro spojení s matricovým zkosením trochanterová části 1. a na svém druhém konci je opatřeno matricovým zkosením í_ pro spojení s jedním koncem stopky 8, která je podrobněji znázorněna na obr. 5.
Stopka 3 je upevněna do zbytku stehenní kosti 9_ vtlačením nebo použitím kostního cementu. Distální konec těla 5 je obklopen límcem 10, který je podrobněji znázorněn na obr. 6. Límec 10 má distální dolní konec 11, který se opírá o zbytek odstraněné kosti, který je tvořen v tomto případě zbytkem stehenní kosti 9. Rozměry límce 10 se volí tak, aby koncová plocha límce 10 končila v souladu se zevním okrajem kosti 9. Límec 10 je na své zevní ploše opatřen výstupky nebo materiálem, podporujícím růst kosti, například hydroxyapatitem. Tímto způsobem je podporován růst kosti přes povrch límce 10, čímž dochází k dokonalejšímu upevnění náhrady v kosti 9.
V případě odstranění poškozené kosti nebo kostního nádoru je často možné zachovat zbytek 12 trochanteru. Tento zbytek 12 může obsahovat vazy nebo jinou měkkou tkáň, která může napomoci k upevnění trochanterové části 1. Zbytek 12 může být k trochanterové části 1 upevněn pomocí destičky 13, která se spojí s plochou 2 trochanterové části 3..
Na obr. 2 je znázorněn pohled na sestavenou náhradu distální části femuru, která obsahuje kondilární hlavovou část 21, tvořící horní část kolenního kloubu. Tato hlavová část 21 je spojená s tělem 5_ analogickým způsobem, jakým je s tělem 5 na obr. 1 spojena trochanterová část jL. Obdobným způsobem je spojeno tělo _5 se stopkou / a límcem 10, který zakrývá zkosenou dolní část těla 5, tak jak bylo svrchu popsáno v souvislosti s obr. 1. Dolní zkosený konec 11 těla 5 se opírá o zbývající plochu stehenní kosti 9. Obdobným způsobem je také upravena vnější plocha límce 10 pro podporu prorůstání nové kosti.
Podrobnosti trochanterové části 1 jsou zřejmé z • · • · obr. 3. Plocha 3_ trochanterové části 1 je opatřena hroty 30. Tyto hroty 30 zajišťují pevné spojení se zbytkem 12 kosti, jak je znázorněno také na obr. 1 a slouží k dokonalejšímu upevnění náhrady. Trochanterová část jl je opatřena matricovým vnitřním zkosením s vyhloubením 31. Vyhloubení 31 odpovídá svým tvarem výběžku 32 na patricovém zkosení 33 těla Ej, jak je také zřejmé z obr. 4. Trochanterová část 1_ je rovněž opatřena příčným otvorem 34, do nějž je možno zasunout nástroj pro oddělení jednotlivých částic náhrady v případě potřeby. Jak je zřejmé z obr. 4, je tělo E5 rovněž opatřeno matricovým zkosením Ί_ s vyhloubením 35, obdobným vyhloubení 31 v trochanterové části 1. Také tělo 5 je opatřeno příčným otvorem 36, do nějž je možno zasunout nástroj pro oddělení těla 5. a stopky 8. od sebe.
Jak je zřejmé z obr. 3, je trochanterová část 1 také opatřena příčnými otvory 36. Tyto otvory jsou určeny pro přišití trochanterové částí k měkkým tkáním, například ke šlachám v případě, že není k dispozici zbývající kost, která by mohla být upevněna k ploše 3.
Trochanterová část _1 tvoří standardní složku modulárního systému, i když je nutno ji provést v pravém a levém provedení. V některých případech je zapotřebí trochanterovou složku 1 upravit zejména v oblasti krčku pro potřeby jednotlivých nemocných.
Jak je znázorněno na obr. 4, je tělo 5_ dodáváno v různých délkách v intervalech 15 mm, přestože je jinak standardizováno, pokud jde o jeho zkosené části. Mimoto je tělo 5 opatřeno zářezy 37, do nichž zapadají odpovídající výstupky 38, provedené integrálně s límcem 10. Jak je ·· ··· · znázorněno na obr. 6, límec 10 je opatřen vnitřním zkosením 39, které odpovídá zkosení 40 na jednom konci těla 5. Spojení límce 10 s tělem a také výstupku 38 se zářezy 3 7 zajišťuje upevnění límce 10 bezpečně na těle Ej. Jak je zřejmé z obr. 6, je límec 10 dodáván v řadě průměrů Dl a D2 .
Na obr. 5 jsou znázorněny různé pohledy na stopku 8. Jak je zřejmé z .příčného řezu, je stopka vytvořena prostředky pro spojení s kostí, zejména s kostním kanálem a může být zcela přímá nebo zakřivená podle zakřivení tohoto kanálu. Proximální konec stopky 8 má zkosení 42, které odpovídá vnitřnímu matricovému zkosení Ί_ těla 5. Stopka _8 je rovněž opatřena výběžkem 43, který odpovídá vyhloubení 35 v těle 5. Tělo 5 je opatřeno příčným otvorem 36 pro zavedení nástroje pro oddělení těla 5 od stopky 8. Jak je zřejmé z obr. 5, může být stopka _8 dodávána v celé řadě průměrů a délek a může být přímá nebo zakřivená tak, aby vyhovovala různým chirurgickým požadavkům při upevňování náhrady do kosti.
Na obr. 7 je znázorněno modulární prodloužení těla _5, které umožňuje prodloužit celou náhradu, znázorněnou na obr. 1 a 2. Toto modulární prodloužení 50 je opatřeno matricovým zkosením 52 a patricovým zkosením 51 na svých opačných koncích. Tím odpovídá prodloužení 50 svým tvarem matricovému zkosení Ί_ těla 5. a zkosení 42 stopky 8_. Modulární prodloužení 50 může být použito s běžným tělem 5 nebo samostatně ke spojení trochanterové části ý nebo hlavové části 21 se stopkou Í3.
I když takové provedení není podrobně znázorněno, že možno použít náhradu z obr. 1 a 2 tak, že je možno vynechat • · · ·· · • · ·· stopku 8 a límec 10 . Mimoto je možno analogickým způsobem vytvořené části použít k náhradě jiné dlouhé kosti, například kosti pažní.
Jak bylo popsáno svrchu, je možno části náhrady od sebe snadno oddělit pomocí nástroje, zavedeného do příčných otvorů 34, 36, například při revizi operačního pole.
Výhodným materiálem pro výrobu náhrady podle vynálezu je slitina titanu až na hlavu stehenní kosti, kde se s výhodou užije slitin kobaltu a chrómu nebo keramických materiálů.
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Claims (6)

1. Částečná nebo úplná náhrada dlouhé kosti u člověka nebo jiných živočichů, vyznačující se tím, že je tvořena proximální nebo distální koncovou částí, tvořící složku kloubu, jehož část má být nahrazena, tělem, spojeným s distální nebo proximální koncovou částí a stopkou pro spojení se zbytkem kosti, přičemž tělo, stopka a distální nebo proximální koncová část jsou spojeny pomocí patricového a matricového zkosení, každé patricové zkosení je opatřeno výběžkem, probíhajícím v podélném směru náhrady, avšak mimo jeho podélnou osu a zasahující do odpovídajícího vyhloubení v matricovém zkosení, mimoto je náhrada opatřena příčně probíhajícími otvory v místě zakončení patricového zkosení pro oddělení části od sebe, výběžek mimoto udržuje přilehlé složky v požadovaném úhlovém vztahu.
2. Náhrada podle nároku 1,vyznačuj ící se tím, že obsahuje límec, spojený s tělem nebo jeho prodloužením, rozměry límce jsou upraveny pro dosednutí límce na koncovou plochu kosti, k níž má být náhrada upevněna, límec je opatřen částí, zkosenou směrem ke zbývající ploše kosti a jeho vnější povrch je upraven tak, aby podporoval růst kosti přes zkosenou část límce.
3. Náhrada podle nároku 2,vyznačuj ící se tím, že límec je vytvořen se zevní plochou, opatřenou výstupky nebo je opatřen povlakem hydroxyapatitu nebo jiného materiálu, podporujícího růst kosti.
4. Náhrada podle některého vyznačuj ící z nároků 1 až 3, tím, že jde o náhradu φφ φφφφ • Φ φφφφ φ φ φ φφφφ φφφφ φφ φ φφφ φφ φφφ φ φ • φφφφ φφφφ φφφφ φφ φφ φφ φφ proximálni části stehenní kosti, náhrada obsahuje část pro náhradu trochanteru, spojenou s tělem nebo stopkou.
5. Náhrada podle nároku 4,vyznačuj ící se tím, že část pro náhradu trochanteru svým tvarem přibližně odpovídá anatomickému trochanteru a zahrnuje krček pro hlavici stehenní kosti a na opačné straně plochu pro spojení se zbytkem kosti nebo měkkých tkání.
6. Náhrada podle nároku 5,vyznačuj ící se tím, že plocha pro spojení se zbytkem kosti je opatřena hroty pro spojení s tímto zbytkem.
CZ20031654A 2000-12-15 2001-12-07 Cástecná nebo úplná náhrada dlouhé kosti CZ300291B6 (cs)

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US20120116521A1 (en) 2012-05-10
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GB2370041A (en) 2002-06-19
DE60115289T2 (de) 2006-08-10
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IL156428A0 (en) 2004-01-04
US20040054420A1 (en) 2004-03-18
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PL201358B1 (pl) 2009-04-30
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USD581536S1 (en) 2008-11-25
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